DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

CENTRE FOR DIPLOMA STUDIES

UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA
86400 PARIT RAJA, BATU PAHAT JOHOR

DAM 20503: THERMODYNAMICS

Tutorial 5: First Law of Thermodynamics

1. Air enters a nozzle steadily at 2.21 kg/m3 and 40 m/s and leaves at 0.762 kg/m3 and 180 m/s. If
the inlet area of the nozzle is 90 cm2, determine:
(a) the mass flow rate through the nozzle, and (0.796 kg/s)
(b) the exit area of the nozzle. (58 cm2)

2. Air whose density is 1.25 kg/m3 enters the duct of an air-conditioning system at a volume flow
rate of 13 m3/min. If the diameter of the duct is 25 cm, determine the velocity of the air at duct
inlet and the mass flow rate of air.
(4.41 m/s, 0.271 kg/s)

3. Air at 80 kPa and 127C enters an adiabatic diffuser steadily at a rate of 6000 kg/h and leaves at
100 kPa. The velocity of the airstream is decreased from 230 to 30 m/s as it passes through the
diffuser. Find:
a. the exit temperature of the air. [406.2 K]
b. the exit area of the diffuser. [0.065m2]

4. Air flows steadily through an adiabatic turbine, entering at 1.0 MPa, 500C, and 100 m/s and
leaving at 150 kPa, 150C, and 215 m/s. The inlet area of the turbine is 90 cm2. Determine:
a. the mass flow rate of the air. [4.054 kg/s]
b. the power output of the turbine in kW. [5.858 kW]

5. A hot-water stream at 80C enters a mixing chamber with a mass flow rate of 0.5 kg/s where it is
mixed with a stream of cold water at 20C. If it is desired that the mixture leave the chamber at
42C, determine the mass flow rate of the cold-water stream. Assume all the streams are at a
pressure of 250 kPa. [m2 = 0.865 kg/s]
6. Steam enters a long, horizontal pipe with an inlet diameter of D1 = 12 cm at 1 MPa and 300C
with a velocity of 2 m/s. Farther downstream, the conditions are 800 kPa amd 250C, and the
diameter is D2 = 10 cm. Determine (a) the mass flow rate of the steam and (b) the rate of heat
transfer. [0.088 kg/s ; 8.905 kW]

7. Steam enters an adiabatic turbine at 10 MPa and 500C and leaves at 10 kPa with a quality of 90
percent. Neglecting the changes in kinetic and potential energies, determine the mass flow rate
required for a power output of 5 MW. [4.852 kg/s]

8. Steam enters a turbine operating at steady-state with a mass flow rate of 4600 kg/h. The turbine
develops a power output of 1000 kW. In the feed, the pressure is 60 bar, the temperature is 400oC
and the velocity is 10 m/s. For the effluent, the pressure is 0.1 bar, the quality is 90% and the
velocity is 50 m/s. Calculate the rate of heat transfer between the turbine and the surroundings in
kW. [-63.51kW]