M.L.V. Textile & Engineering.

College , Bhilwara

SAMINAR
on
Solar Powered Led Street Light with Auto Intensity Control
Submitted to:- Seminar Incharge:- Submitted by:-
MR. RITESH SARASWAT ANNAPURNA CHOUBEY KANHAIYA LAL DIDWANIA
(H.O.D of ECE Department) (13EMBEC031)

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

M.L.V.T.E.COLLEGE,BHILWARA (RAJ).
Solar Powered Led Street Light with Auto
Intensity Control
CANTENTS
Introduction
Hardware specification
Software specification
Circuit diagram
Working
Advantage
Disadvantage
Application
Feature
Conclusion
Future scope
Introduction
Solar energy is nothing but the radiant energy emitted by
sun. We may convert this solar energy into electricity
either directly using photo voltaic (PV), or indirectly
using concentrated solar power (CSP) with the help of
lenses or mirrors and tracking systems to focus a large
area of sunlight.

This solar energy is mainly useful in solar street lights,

auto solar irrigation system, traffic junction signal
lighting etc.
Photovoltaic panels are used for charging batteries by
converting the sunlight into electricity. A charge
controller circuit is used to control the charging.

Intensity of street lights is required to be kept high

during the peak hours. The street lights switch ON at
the dusk and then switch OFF at the dawn
automatically. The process repeats every day.
Hardware specification
Controller
Solar panel
Voltage regulator
MOSFET
White led
Rechargeable battery
Pole
Block Diagram
working
This system is mainly designed for LED based street lights with auto
intensity control. This is done using solar power from photovoltaic
cells. Due to the many benefits of using solar energy, many institutions
are opting to make use of solar energy. For converting the sunlight to
electricity, photovoltaic panels are used for charging the batteries. In
order to control charging, charge controller is used.
Intensity of street lights is required to be kept high during the peak
hours. As the traffic on the roads tends to decrease slowly in late nights,
the intensity can be reduced progressively till morning to save energy.
Thus, the street lights switch ON at the dusk and then switch OFF at
the dawn automatically. The process repeats every day.
High Intensity Discharge lamps (HID) used for urban street light are
based on principle of gas discharge, thus the intensity is not
controllable by any voltage reduction method as the discharge path is
broken. LED lights are the future of lighting, because of their low
energy consumption and long life they are fast replacing conventional
lights world over. White Light Emitting Diode (LED) can replace the
HID lamps where intensity control is possible by pulse width
modulation. The intensity control helps in saving energy during late
nights while traffic density on the streets is low.
Controller
Controller is also very important for solar street
light.
A controller will usually decide to switch on /off
charging and lighting.
Some modern controllers are programmable so that
user can decide the appropriate chance of charging,
lighting and dimming.
Microprocessors:
General-purpose microprocessor
CPU for Computers
No RAM, ROM, I/O on CPU chip itself
ExampleIntels x86, Motorolas 680x0

Many chips on mothers board

Data Bus
CPU
General-
Serial
Purpose RAM ROM I/O Timer COM
Micro- Port
Port
processor
Address Bus

General-Purpose Microprocessor System

 Microcontroller :
A smaller computer
On-chip RAM, ROM, I/O ports...
ExampleMotorolas 6811, Intels 8051, Zilogs Z8 and PIC 16X

CPU RAM ROM

A single chip
Serial
I/O Timer COM
Port
Port
Microcontroller
Microprocessor vs. Microcontroller
Microprocessor Microcontroller
CPU is stand-alone, RAM, CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O and
ROM, I/O, timer are separate timer are all on a single chip
designer can decide on the fix amount of on-chip ROM,
amount of ROM, RAM and I/O RAM, I/O ports
ports. for applications in which cost,
expansive power and space are critical
versatility single-purpose
general-purpose
8051 Serial Microcontroller

8051 is a single chip microcontroller which is used for

taking input from any device or giving
output to any device.

It is 8 bit microcontroller
Four port
Total content 40 pins
32 input /output pin
Pin Description of the 8051
P1.0 1 40 Vcc
P1.1 2 39 P0.0(AD0)
P1.2 3 38 P0.1(AD1)
P1.3
P1.4
4
5
8051 37
36
P0.2(AD2)
P0.3(AD3)
P1.5 6 35 P0.4(AD4)
P1.6 7 34 P0.5(AD5)
P1.7 8 33 P0.6(AD6)
RST 9 32 P0.7(AD7)
(RXD)P3.0 10 31 EA/VPP
(TXD)P3.1 11 30 ALE/PROG
(INT0)P3.2 12 29 PSEN
(INT1)P3.3 13 28 P2.7(A15)
(T0)P3.4 14 27 P2.6(A14)
(T1)P3.5 15 26 P2.5(A13)
(WR)P3.6 16 25 P2.4(A12)
(RD)P3.7 17 24 P2.3(A11)
XTAL2 18 23 P2.2(A10)
XTAL1 19 22 P2.1(A9)
GND 20 21 P2.0(A8)
 Embedded system
Embedded system means the processor is embedded into that application.
An embedded product uses a microprocessor or microcontroller to do
one task only.
In an embedded system, there is only one application software that is
typically burned into ROM.
Exampleprinter, keyboard, video game player
Solar Panel
Solar panel is one of the most important parts of solar
street lights, as solar panel will convert solar energy into
electricity.
There Are 2 Types Of Solar Panel:

Mono-crystalline
Poly-crystalline.

Conversion rate of mono-crystalline solar panel is

much higher than poly-crystalline.
Voltage regulator
A voltage regulator is designed to automatically maintain
a constant voltage level. A voltage regulator may be a
simple "feed-forward" design or may include negative
feedback control loops. It may use an electromechanical
mechanism, or electronic components.
MOSFET
The metaloxidesemiconductor field-effect
transistor (MOSFET, MOS-FET, or MOS FET) is a type
of field-effect transistor (FET). It has an insulated gate,
whose voltage determines the conductivity of the device.

MOSFET showing gate (G), body (B), source (S) and drain
(D) terminals. The gate is separated from the body by an
insulating layer (white)
White LED
LED stands light emitting diode. It is convert by electrical
energy into light.
It is a semiconductor device.
Rechargeable Battery
Battery will store the electricity from solar panel during the
day and provide energy to the fixture during night.

The life cycle of the battery is very important to the lifetime

of the light and the capacity of the battery will affect the
backup days of the lights.
 Pole
Strong poles are necessary to all street lights, especially
to solar street lights as there are components mounted on
the top of the pole: fixtures, panels and sometime
batteries. And wind resistance should also be taken into
consideration when choosing the pole.
Software specification

Keil Vision IDE

MC Programming Language: Embedded C
Keli vision IDE
The Vision IDE combines project management, run-
time environment, build facilities, source code editing,
and program debugging in a single powerful
environment. Vision is easy-to-use and accelerates
your embedded software development. Vision
supports multiple screens and allows you to create
individual window layouts anywhere on the visual
surface.
Keil uvision software
MC Programming Language
Circuit Diagram
Advantages
Solar street lights are independent of the utility grid.
Hence, the operation costs are minimized.
Solar street lights require much less maintenance
compared to conventional street lights.
Since external wires are eliminated, risk of accidents is
minimized.
This is a non-polluting source of electricity.
Separate parts of solar system can be easily carried to
the remote areas.
 Disadvantages
Initial investment is higher compared to
conventional street lights

Snow or dust, combined with moisture can

accumulate on horizontal pv-panels and reduce or
even stop energy production.

Rechargeable batteries will need to be replaced

several times over the lifetime of the fixtures
adding to the total lifetime cost of the light.

The batteries have to be replaced from time to

time.
Application
This system is designed for outdoor application in un-electrified remote
rural areas. This system is an ideal application for campus and village street
lighting.
Solar Street Lighting System is an ideal lighting system for Roads, Yards,
Residential Colonies, Townships, Corporate Offices, Hospitals,
Educational Institutions and Rural Electrification.
Street Lighting
Pathway Lighting
Private Road Lighting
Sidewalk Lighting
Farm & Ranch Lighting
Perimeter Security Lighting
Campus Lighting
Gate Lighting
Park Lighting
Wildlife Area
Remote Area Lighting
Jogging and Bike Path Lighting
Features
Most solar panels turn on and turn off automatically by
sensing outdoor light using a light source. Solar
streetlights are designed to work throughout the night.
Many can stay lit for more than one night if the sun is not
available for a couple of days.

Older models included lamps that were not fluorescent or

led. Solar lights installed in windy regions are generally
equipped with flat panels to better cope with the winds.

Latest designs use wireless technology and fuzzy control

theory for battery management. The street lights using this
technology can operate as a network with each light
having the capability of performing on or off the network.
Conclusion
The solar energy is one of the important and major renewable
sources of energy and has also proven it useful in functioning
of applications like street lights.

The charge control is necessary in order to achieve safety and

increase the capacity of the battery. In cities, currently
thousands of street lights are operated and the yearly electricity
maintenance cost is very high.

The initial cost and maintenance can be the draw backs of this
project. With the advances in technology and good resource
planning the cost of the project can be cut down and also with
the use of good equipment the maintenance can also be reduced
in terms of periodic checks.
Future Scope

The Solar Powered LED Streetlight With Auto Intensity

Control can control the electric charge and intensity of lights.

This project can be enhanced by using dusk to drawn switch

with an advanced technology to overcome the flows of
existing timer based products and photo sensor based
products.
References
http://www.ijireeice.com/upload/2015/june-
15/IJIREEICE%206.pdf
http://www.kslubiwmp.com/docs/Watershed%20
works/SolarStreetLight.pdf
http://www.timeanddate.com/astronomy/india/a
hmadabad
https://www.sparkfun.com/datasheets/Componen
ts/DS1307.pdf
http://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/lm317.pdf