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RESULTANTS OF
COPLANAR FORCE
SYSTEMS
R
Fy
Fx
R
Fy Fy
Fx Fx
VECTOR ADDITION OF NONORTHOGONAL FORCES
Resultant,
R = ( P1 + P2 )
The screw eye is subjected to two forces, F1 and
F2. Determine the magnitude and direction of the
resultant force.
By Parallelogram Law
150 N 212 .6 N
sin sin 115
Angle of relative to X-axis
sin
150 N
0.9063
212 .6 N
39 .8
39.8 15
54.8
Scalar Notation
x and y axes are designated positive and
negative
Components of forces expressed as
algebraic scalars
F Fx Fy
Fx F cos and Fy F sin
RESULTANT BY
COMPONENTS
F2 = F2x + F2y
F1 = F1x + F1y
FRy
FR F F2
Rx
2
Ry and tan -1
FRx
Determine x and y components of F1 and F2 acting on the boom.
12
F2 x 260 240N
13
5
F2 y 260 100N
13
FR F2 x 240N 5
73 N tan
1
F2 y 100N 100N 12
140 N
F
R
140 73 158 N
2 2
140
The link is subjected to two forces F1 and F2.
Determine the magnitude and orientation
of the resultant force.
RESULTANT FORCE
FR 236.8N 2 582.8N 2
629N
582.8 N
tan 1 ORIGINAL FORCE SYSTEM
236.8 N
67.9
RESULTANT OF THREE OR MORE CONCURRENT FORCES
F1x
F1
F1y
F1
5 F
1
4 F X
F 850 N 4
F 4
X
1
680 N
5 5
5 F
1 4
tan 53.13
1 0
3 F Y
OR
3
F =90-=36.870
F 3 3 510 N
1
Y
5 F1x=850Cos 36.87 = 680N
45
F3x
F2x
F3x=-750cos45 = -530N
F3y=750sin45= 530N
FRX = F1x + F2x +F3x
= 680N 312.5N -530N
= -162.5N
= 546N
FR
521
= tan1
72.67 0
162 .5
TRANSLATION VS ROTATION
TRANSLATION
ROTATION
ROTATING TRANSLATION
M=Fxd
Characteristics of Moments
Fp
Fa
If these wheel nuts must be tightened to 85Nm, what is
the force F?
Angle = 35 degrees, d = 420mm.
From M = F * d, then F = M / d
F = 85 / (0.42 * cos(35))
= 247.06 N
Example - Moment
A 100-lb vertical force is applied to the end
of a lever which is attached to a shaft at 0.
Determine (a) the moment of 100-lb force
about 0.(b) the magnitude of the horizontal
force applied at A which will create the
same moment about 0.(c ) the smallest
force applied at A which will create same
moment (d) how far from the shaft a 240 lb
vertical force must act to create the same
moment about 0. (e) whether any one of the
forces obtain in parts (a), (b), (c ) and (d) is
equivalent to the original force.
Example - Moment
(a) The perpendicular distance from ) to
the line of action of 100-lb force is
d = 8 cos 15 =7.727
Fp =60Sin75 = 57.96 lb
Fa = 60cos75 = 15.53 lb
What magnitude of the force applied tangentially to the rotating crank is required to
raise the crate with an acceleration of 0.750 ? (You can ignore the mass of the rope
as well as the moments of inertia of the axle and the crank.)
Varigons Theorem
As with the summation of force combining to get
resultant force
R F1 F2 Fn
Similar resultant comes from the addition of
moments
M 0 R d R F1 d1 F2 d 2 Fn d n
Moment of F1
Moment of F2 75 lbs
Moment of F3 60 lbs
FOR MAGNITUDE
FOR LOCATION
FR 200 lb
x
MA 100 lb
A B
2
7
MR=MA AND MR = FR x X
X = -1600/-300 = 5.3 ft
Fy = Resultant = -800lb + 600lb 1200lb -400lb = -1800lb
=1/3(4.5m= 1.5 m
TRAPEZOID
Magnitude of Resultants
Lines of Action
Resultant Point
Resultant of Dist. Loads
HYDROSTATIC FORCES
calculate pressure at depth
By Pascals Law
P = F/A or F = PA
The distributed load looks like this
Resultant
Location of Resultant
FORCE COUPLES
T=F X 2d
F
d d
MR
Since the 2 forces form a couple
About B
About C
Compute Y resultant
Sketch components and resultant
Compute resultant
Compute Angle