Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Submitted by
K.VENKATESH (Reg.No:814614103319)
L.AJITH (Reg.No:814614103301)
S.BARANIKUMAR (Reg.No:814614103303)
K.DEEPANRAJ (Reg.No:814614103304)
of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
in
CIVIL ENGINEERING
OCTOBER 2017
`
SIGNATURE SIGNATURE
Mrs. A. UMA . M.Tech, Ph.d., Mr.V.PARTHIPAN .ME
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT SUPERVISOR
Assistant Professor
Civil Engineering Civil Engineering
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION 01
2 SPECIFICATION 02
2.1 INTRODUCTION 02
2.2 FOUNDATION 02
2.3 BASEMENT 02
2.5 FLOORING 02
2.6 WALLS 03
2.8 COLUMNS 03
2.9 ROOFING 03
2.13 PLASTERING 04
2.14 PAINTING 04
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2.15 DISTEMPERING 04
2.16 WHITE WASHING 05
3 ABBREVATION 06
4 DESIGN 07
5 DATA COLLECTION 97
6 CONCLUTION 99
`
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
We whould like to place on record our deep sense of gratitude to our chairman
Mrs.SUJATHA SUBRAMANIAM ,trichy engineering college, sivagnanamnager,
konalai ,trichy 621132
Who has been a perennial source of inspiration and encouragement for the successful
completion of our project
We are also thankful to all the faculties of civil department for their whole hearted support
to finish our project successfully in time.
`
Finally we would like to thank our batch members for co-ordinating with us and also our
class mates who have helped us a lot in completing this project successfully .
ABSTRACT
LIST OF SYMBOLS
A = Area
D1 = Thickness of flange
Ld = Development length
Sv = Spacing of stirrups
T = Torsion moment
V = Shear force
W = Wind load
Z = Modulus of section
% = Percentage
P = Axial load
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 GENERAL:
Library users will also have access to audio and visual materials such as CDs,
DVDs. The request can be made in their local language or language of their interest
e.g. Malayalam, Tamil, Kannada, Hindi or English. The public libraries can reduce
their expenses and can perform more cost effectively.
proposed library will provide all facility to the public we hope that if would helpful
the public to extend.
1.2 OBJECTIVE:
It is seen that there is no any library in and around this place. They have to
travel a long distance for their library need.
A student or researched that has these skills get significantly
More value than their study and research.
In addition students have to a greater extended to find information
independently.
To transform the public libraries into more relevant and citizen sensitive
social institutions.
Promoting library movement in the country.
Developing library and information about science education.
Training and research betterment of library personnel.
Promotion of standards, norms, services and guidelines.
The people around this place may not travel for a long distance for their
library.
1.4 SPECIFICATION:
FOUNDATION
In this area the available soil is brown soil. Bearing capacity of soil 200KN/m2
so, the foundation adopted in this area is a shallow foundation. As per designs of the
foundation details arrived are given below. The foundation for all main walls will be
in cement concrete 1:4:8 mix. 1200 wide and 200thick.Laid at 1200 below grounas
level. The mastery footing will be brick work in cement mortar 1:5, the first footing
being 600x500 for all main walls and verandah retaining wall.
BASEMENT
The basement will be in brick work in cement mortar 1:5, 300 wide and 600
thick above ground level for all main wall and verandah retaining walls. It is filled
with clean sand to a depth of 450, a damp proof course, in cement mortar 1:3, 20
thick will be provided for all walls at basement level.
The top of basement structure damp proof course with C.M 1:5 with 20mm
thick using crude oil 50% weight of cement used.
SUPER STRUCTURE
All main walls will be in brick work with cement mortar 1:5, using stock
bricks 230mm thick. The height of all walls will be 3600 above floor level. The
partition walls at toilets will be 200mm thick brick work in cement mortar 1:5, using
first class bricks. Parapet wall 200mm thick and 600mm high will be provided all
around. All the walls including basement will be plastered smooth with cement
mortar 1:4.
LINTEL
All internal wall opening will be provided with R.C.C lintel 1:2:4 mix, 150mm
thick and all external wall opening will be provided with lintel cum sunshade 1:2:4
mix 150mm thick.
ROOFING
The roofing will be party of R.C.C 1:2:4 mix, 100mm thick flat slab. A
Weathering course of 7.5mm thick, consisting of two courses of flat tiles set in
cement mortar 1:3 mixed with crude oil will be provided over the slab.
`
WEATERING COURSE
Weathering course will be provided over the R.C.C slab with 10mm brick
jelly in slaked lime with 10% crude oil.
PARAPET WALL
Parapet will be provided with brick masory in C.M 1:5 200mm thick.
O - Opening - 1000x2100
FLOORING
The flooring will be in cement concrete 1:5:10, 130 thick, the top plastered
smooth with cement mortar 1:3, 20 thick for all the portions.
FINISHING
All the walls both inside and outside are finised with plastering of C.M 1:4
12mm thick. And outer walls are painted with cement paint and inside walls are
white washed with shell lime.
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WHITE WASHING
White washing of 2 coats with fine screened lime required gum over the inside
and outside of the walls.
FINISHING
All the doors, windows and grill work are painted with synthetic enamel paint
of approved color and quality in two coats.
CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 GENERAL:
a value beyond the sum of their parts when they are more than just ware houses
understanding the heritage of library in general and the needs and image of the
communities served is an important consideration in the planning process the
broadest and fullest use of libraries will be made if they are representative of our
time and place in history, in the same way that the Carnegie libraries were
representative of their time. According to the architect Le corbusier, there are living
past and dead past.Some parts are the liveliest instigators of the present, yhe best
springboard into the future. Let us draw upon the library`s graceful architectural
heritage, combine it with the available technologies of today, and create a new form
public building open and free, wonderful, joy- inspiring places to join with our
neighbors and children in finding information and guidance towards a better life. Let
us dream the best library and find the way to build that dream.
Prof. Mayo, Diane, and Sandra Nelson.Wired for Future: Developing Your
Library Technology Plan. Chicago: American library Association, 1999.Although
written primarily form a public library perspective, the topics covered the planning
process, identification of technology needs, reviewing options, selecting the
infrastructure, and managing the implementation process are universal. There are
technical notes, a glossary, a bibliography, and workforms
`
Sannwald, William W.This list of over 1,500 question on nearly every aspect
of library building projects is designed by Sannwald to ensure that the reader covers
all detail in a building project. From the site selection, to planning and architecture,
to ADA compliance, to shelving to security, this guide will help you evaluate all
phases of the building project. This checklist would be most effective when paired
with one of the step by step manuals on this list.
CHAPTER 3
STRUCTURL DESIGN
SLAB
Design for Book storage room slender, Printer room, Book storage room.
Lx = 3.96 m
Ly = 3.96 m
fy = 415 N/MM2
fck = 20 N/MM2 .
SLAB CALCULATION
Ly/Lx < 2
3.96/3.96 < 2
1<2
EFFECTIVE DEPTH
Span = 25
= 3960 / 25
= 158 mm ~ 160 mm
Assume cover = 40 mm
= 160 + 40
`
= 200 mm
EFFECTIVE SPAN
= 3.96 + 0.16
= 4.12 m
LOAD CALCULATION
= 1 x 0.20 x 25
= 5KN/M2
= 1.5 x 10
= 15 KN/m2
IS 456:2000 in table 20 in 27
Ly/ Lx = 1.0
`
x = 0.062 y = 0.062
Mxu = x xW x Lx2
= 14.88 KNM
Myu = yx W xLx2
= 14.88 KNM
Shear force
Vum = 0.5 x Wx Lx
= 0.5 x 15 x3.76
= 29.7 KN
Du = (Mu/ 0.138Fck b)
= (14.58x106 / 0.138x20x1000)
= 72 ~ 100mm
`
du< d
Hence is safe.
ast= (/4) x d2
= ( /4)x 122
= 113 mm2
= (113/260) x 1000
= 435 mm2
Ast = 0.12xbxD
= 240 mm2
ast=(/4) x d2
`
= (/4) x 102
= (100/240 )x 1000
= 416 ~ 400 mm
u= Vu/ bxd
= 0.18 N/mm2
= 0.16
100x (Ast/bd) u
c = 0.16
x2 = 0.25 y2 = 0.36
= 0.27
Pt = 0.16
c= 0.27
K xc = 1.20x 0.27
= 0.32 N/MM2
v<c
( L/D)base = 20
= 26 > 28
ast = 0.12 % bd
= 240mm2
= ( 3x 160)
= 480mm
= (0.75 x315)
= 236 mm2
= (1/5) 3960
= 792 mm ~ 750 mm
`
Provide 8mm diameter bars at 200mm centres for a length of 750mm at of four
corners is 4 layers.
= 240mm2
RESULT
Lx = 3.5 m
Ly = 2.27 m
Fy = 415 N/MM2
Lx/Ly < 2
0.65 < 2
EFFECTIVE DEPTH
`
d = Span / 25
= 2270 / 25
= 91 ~ 100mm
Assume cover = 40 mm
= 100 + 40
D = 140 mm
EFFECTIVE SPAN
= 2.27+ 0.10
= 2.37mm
LOAD CALCULATION
= 1x0.14x 25
= 3.5 KN/M2
`
= 1.5 x 8.5
= 12.75 KN/M2
Lx/Ly = 1.5
x = 0.104 y = 0.046
= 6.83 KNM
Myu= yxWxLx2
= 3.0 KNM
= 14.47 KN
= 49 ~ 50 mm
du < d
50 < 100
Hence is safe.
REINFORCEMENT
ast = (/4) x d2
= (/4) x 102
= 78.53
= 392.65 = 350mm
v= Vu/bd
= 0.14 N/MM2
Pt = 100 Ast / bd
= (100x200) / (1000x100)
= 0.20
(100xAst) / bd c
x2 = 0.25 0.22 y2
C = 0.20
= 0.2
Pt = 0.20
c = 0.20
K c = 1.20 x 0.20
= 0.24 N/MM2
v<c
(L/D)base= 20
(L/D)max= ( 20x1.6)
`
= 32
= 2.4 > 32
Ly = 3.5 m
fy = 415 N/MM2
fck = 20 N/MM2
Lx/Ly < 2
3.5 / 5 < 2
0.67 < 2
EFFECTIVE DEPTH
d = Span / 25
= 5000 / 25
= 200mm
Assume cover = 40 mm
= 200 + 40
D = 240 mm
EFFECTIVE SPAN
= 5+ 0.2
= 5.2mm
LOAD CALCULATION
= 1x 0.24x 25
= 6KN/M2
= 1.5x 11
= 16.5 KN/M
Lx/Ly = 0.45
x = 0.062 y = 0.062
Mxu= xx W x Lx2
= 0.062x 16.5 x 52
= 25.57 KNM
Myu = yx W x Lx2
= 0.062 x 16.5 x 52
= 25.57 KNM
= 0.5 x 25.57x 5
= 63.93 KN
= 96.25 mm ~ 100 mm
du< d
Hence is safe.
REINFORCEMENT
ast = (/4) x d2
=( /4)x 202
`
= 78.53
= 213mm ~ 200mm
v= Vu/bd
= 0.319 N/MM2
Pt = 100 Ast / bd
= (100x400) / (1000x200)
= 0.20
(100xAst) / bd c
x2 = 0.25 0.22 y2
C = 0.20
= 0.4664
Pt = 0.20
c = 0.46
K c = 1.20x 0.46
= 0.552 N/MM2
v<c
(L/D)base= 20
(L/D)max= ( 20x1.6) = 32
= 2.4 > 32
= 0.12% b D
= (0.12/100 )x (1000 x 240)
= 240mm2
) Spacing in main reinforcement > 3d
= (3x200)
= 600 mm
= 233 mm
d = 350mm
D = d + cover
= 350 + 50
D = 400 mm
b = 300 mm
LOADS CALCULATIONS
Self weight = b x D xUnit of concrete
= 0.3x 0.4 x 25
= 3KN/M2
= 1.5x 18
= 27 KN/M2
REINFORCEMENT
Mu lim = 0.138 Fck bd2
= 0138x20x300x4002
= 132.48 KNM
52.92 x106 = 0.87 x 415 x Ast x 400 [1- (Astx 415)/ (300 x 400 x 20)]
= 144.42x103Ast 24.84Ast2
Provide nominal shear reinforcement using 8mm diameter two legged stirrups at a
spacing of
Sv = (Astx.87x250) / (0.46x300)
Sv = 181.25 mm
ButSv = 0.75x d
= 0.75x 350
= 260mm
Adopt spacing of stirrups of 120mm centers.
CHECK FOR DEPTH
Pt = 1.00
Refer book fig 5.1 pg.no 58
Kt = 0.82 Kc = 1.24 Kf = 1.0
(L/D)max = (L/D)basicxKtx KcxKf
= 20 x 0.82 x 1.24x 1.0
= 20.34
(L/D)actual= 3960/400
= 9.9 < 20.34
`
Hence safe.
= 0.3x 0.4 x 25
`
= 3KN/m2
= 1.5 x18
= 27 KN/M2
= 0138x20x300x4002
= 132.48 KNm
= 144.42x103Ast 24.84Ast2
Vu = 36.55 KN
v = (Vu / bd)
= 36.55x103 / (300x400)
= 0.304 N/MM2
Pt = 100 Ast/ bd
= (100x1206) / (300x400)
Pt = 1.00
Refer table 19 of IS 456:2000 and load out the design shear strength of concrete.
c>v
0.62 > 0.304
Provide nominal shear reinforcement using 8mm diameter two legged stirrups at a
spacing of
Sv = (Ast x 0.87 xFy)/ (0.46)
= (2x50x0.87x250) / (0.46x300)
Sv = 181.25 mm
But Sv = 0.75 x d
= 0.75 x 350
= 260mm
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3.3COLUMN
A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural
element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structural above to
other structural elements below. In other words, a column is a compression
member.
3.3.1. COLUMN DESIGN FOR ROOM
Size of the column = 300 mm x 300 mm
L = 3500 mm
Ultimate load Pu = 1500 KN
Fck = 20 N/MM2
Fy = 415 N/MM2
SLENDERNESS RATIO
Both ends are fixed = 0.65 x 3500
= 2275 mm
Effective depth / Least dimensions = 2275/300
= 7.58 < 12
Hence its short column.
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MINIMUM ECCENTRICITY
Emin = (L/500) + ( b/30)
= (2275/500) + ( 300/30)
= 14.55 mm < 20 mm
Condition is statisfied.
CROSS AREA
Ag = bxd
= 90000 mm2
Asc = (xd2 / 4) x No of bars
= /4 x 16 x 8
= 1608.45 mm2
AREA OF CONCRETE AC
AG - ASC
90000 1608.45 = 88391.5 mm2
STRENGTH OF THE COLUMN
Pu = 0.4 xfckx Ac + 0.67 xfy xAsc
= 0.4 x20x 88391.5 + 0.67xfyxAsc
= 1154375.425 KN
P = Pu/ Factor of safety
P = 1154375.425/ 1.5
P = 769.58 KN
Strength of the column.
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SPACING
a)300mm
b)16x longitudinal bars
16 x 25 = 400mm
c) 300mm
RESULT:-
4 Nos of 20 mm
6 mm of 300mm c/c
`
CROSS AREA
Ag = bxd
= 90000 mm2
Asc = (xd2 / 4) xNo of bars
= /4 x16 x8
= 1608.45 mm2
AREA OF CONCRETE AC
AG - ASC
90000 1608.45 = 88391.5 mm2
Ac = 0.98 Ag
= ( 0.4xFyxAc + 0.67 xFyxAsc)
= (0.4x20x0.98g) + ( 0.67x415x0.02Ag)
= 769583.61 N
7.84Ag + 5.561Ag = 769583.61
Ag = 769583.61/ 13.46
Ag = 57427.32 mm2
LATERAL TIES
= 1/4 x longitudinal bars
= 1/ 4 x 25
= 6.25 mm say 6 mm
SPACING
a)300mm
b)16 x longitudinal bars
c) 300mm
RESULT
4 Nos of 20 mm
`
= 76.95 KN
TOTAL LOAD
W1 + W = 769.58 + 76.95
= 646.54 KN
AREA OF FOOTING
= 646.54 x 200
= 5.03 m2
EQUIVALENT MOMENT
The reinforcement in section is designed for the axial compressive load Pu and the
equivalent moment given by the relation.
Mu = 1.15 (Mux2 + Muy2)
= 1.15 (502 +502)
= 81.3KNM
d = (233.49x106
= 200 mm
AREA OF STEEL
Mu = 0.87 x Fyx Astx d [ 1 (Astx Fy) / ( Fckx bxd)]
223.49x 106 = 0.87 x 415x Ast x200 [1- (Ast x415)/ (20x 2250x200)]
NO OF BARS
= 2641.83 / 113.04
= 20 Nos
DEVELOPMENT LENGTH
Ld = 0.87x15x(25/4)x1.2x1.6
= 1010 mm
= 1010 50
= 960 mm
= 960> 943.4 mm
Hence is safe.
CHECK FOR SAFE BEARING CAPACITY OF SOIL
Column load = 686.34 KN
Self weight of footing = 2.25x2.25x0.4x25
= 50.62
Total load on soil = 736.965 KN
Pressure on so = (736.965)/ (2.25x2.25)
= 145.27 KN/M2
`
Hence is safe.
3.5 STAIRCASE
A stairway, staircase, flight of stairs, or simply stairs is a construction
designed to bridge a large vertical distance by dividing it into smaller vertical
distances, called steps. Stairs may be straight, round, or may consist of two or more
straight pieces connected ay angles
DOG-LEGGED STAIRCASE
A dog-leg is a configuration of stairs between two floors of a building, often a
domestic building, in which a flight of stairs ascends to half-landing before turning
at a right angle and continuous upwards. Structurally, the flights of a dog-leg stair
are usually supported by the half-laning, which spans the adjoining flank walls.
3.5.1DESIGN OF STAIRCASE
TYPE OF STAIRCASE = DOG LEGGED
Number of steps in the height = 1
Tread T = 300mm
Rise R = 150 mm
Width of landing beam = 300 mm
M20 grade concrete, Fck = 20 N/MM2
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Wu = 18.63 KN/m
BENDING MOMENT
Maximum bending moments at centre of span is
M = 0.125 Wu l2
= 0.125x 18.63x3.62
M = 30.18 KNm
30.18x 106 = 0.87 x 415x Ast x155 [1- (Ast x415)/ (1000x 155x20)]
DISTRIBUTION REINFORCEMENT
CHAPTER 4
CONCLUSION
Digitization ike other collection development strategies works to the extend
that it supports the mission of an institution. Its simply to design and have
more ventilation
Moreover it has good environment and all the basic requrements for the
people.
My library providing a good interact facility with perfect Wi-Fi connection to
update our general knowledge.
Thus by using my library we get a perfect and full - fledged knowledge about
today`s world with the help of interest as well as the past history with help of
book.
Local communities provide an important content in which children, youth and
familiesgroe develop and function.
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People who are less affluent or les well integrated into the larger society are
particularly reliant on the local community to provide needed goods and
services sssand for connections to opportunity and information.
Public libraries along with school youth serving youth agencies religious and
other community based organization represent a source of space, acess, staff,
materials, knowledge and connection that can improve the well being of
children and youth support their development.
CHAPTER 5
REFERENCE
DR.P.P.PURUSHOTHAMA RAJ