78EKS-1

Sr. No. 4
EXAMINATION OF MARINE ENGINEER OFFICER
ENGINEERING KNOWLEDGE
(STEAM)

CLASS I
(Time allowed - 3 hours)
Steam Candidate
INDIA(2001) Afternoon Paper
Total Marks
100
N.B. - (1) Attempt SIX questions ONLY.
(2) All questions carry equal marks.
(3) Neatness in handwriting and clarity in expression carries weightage

1. With reference to main boiler superheater arrangements:

(a) Compare the advantages and disadvantages of contra flow with parallel flow designs
(b) Describe how the element tube banks are supported yet allow for expansion
(c) Describe how boiler carryover affects superheater effectiveness and condition

2. With regard to membrane wall construction in main boilers:

(a) State the reasons for its introduction.
(b) State, with reasons, the main factors that govern the relationships between the pitch, diameters
and thickness of the tubes used.
(c) In the case of a large membrane panel describe how the panel is supported and prevented
from flexing.
(d) Explain why the water treatment used in this type of boiler is considered more critical than
in the tangent tube construction.

3. With regard to the safety valves fitted to a boiler:

(a) (i) State why an easing gear is fitted
(ii) Discuss the conditions under which easing gear may be used
(iii) State any precautions that may have to be taken during the use of easing gear
(b) State why an open drain from the valve is considered necessary.
(c) Outline the protection the valve has against being tampered with.
(d) Explain what governs the relationship between the waste steam pipe size and the valve
diameter.
(e) State why an ordinary safety valve is not capable of having a lift under steam of lone quarter
of the diameter.

4. (a) Describe the advantages of injecting hydrazine into:

(i) The cross over pipe between the H.P. and L.P. turbines.
(ii) The main feed line, after the deaerator.
(b) Explain why volatile amines, other than hydrazine, are used for boiler water treatment.
(c) State the precautions that should be taken when handling hydrazine.

5. (a) Discuss the possible reasons for the following changes in boiler water test results, and state what
actions should be taken in each case:
(i) Reduction in total dissolved solids and chemical reserves.
(ii) Reduction in phosphate reserve with increase in chlorides and total dissolved solids.
(iii) Reduction in alkalinity reserve only.
(iv) Increase in oxygen levels only.
(b) State why the complete results of boiler tests are logged or entered into a data retrieval system
 rather than a note being made of any particular result which may be outside set limits.

6. With reference to main high pressure turbines explain why:

(a) Nozzle boxes are occasionally fitted to the lower half of casings only.
(b) Blades may be located in individual axial slots in the wheel periphery.
(c) In some instances damping wires are fitted.
(d) Partial arc admission is used for the first set of nozzles but is not considered necessary for the
remaining nozzles.
(e) Sliding feet to allow for axial casing expansion are no longer used in some designs.

7. With respect to the horizontal flange joint on turbines:

(a) Describe, with sketches where necessary, a method of tightening main turbine flange studs, and
the sequence in which this may be carried out.
(b) Discuss the possible reasons for deformation of the materiel in the flange area and any
operational defects that may arise due to this deformation.
(c) If leakage occurs across the flange joint state the repairs that may be considered.

8. With regard to the main turbine lubricating oil system:

(a) (i) describe the causes and effects of tin oxide corrosion
(ii) explain the actions to be taken if this occurs in a high pressure tubine thrust bearing
(b) Describe how turbine lubricating oil system are flushed through prior to initial use
(c) Discuss the factors that determine the amount of oil normally held in the turbine sump
(d) Discuss the factors that determine the various filtration sizes.

9. (a) State the advantages of using steam turbine propulsion power for vessels carrying L.N.G. cargo.
(b) With regard to the use of L.N.G. cargo as boiler fuel explain:
(i) The safety precautions relating to the gas pipeline supplying the boiler and burning the gas in
the boiler.
(ii) The means of getting rid of excess gases during loading or discharge.

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