Professional Documents
Culture Documents
PL PL
2 2
1
A) MATRIZ DE RIGIDEZ: K
1 2
F F F F
Para 1: Para 2:
X1 X2
KX 1 -KX2
-KX1 KX2
F1 K -K X1
= x
Ensamblando tenemos: F2 -K K X2
= FL F = AE x
AE L
AE AE
L L
K=
AE AE
L L
B) MATRIZ DE TRANSFORMACIN:
2
Figura 2.
EN
yg xL
yL
xg
Sistema Global del elemento Sistema Local del elemento
f g dg fL dL
yg xL
yL O
xg
3
4L
2g 3g 2L 3L
O
1L
1g
Sistema Global Sistema Local
f g dg fL dL
dL = Tg x dg
1) 0
d4L
d3L d1L 1cos O
d2L O d2L -1sen O
dL = d3L = 0
d1L d4L 0
d1g = 1
d4L
d1L 1sen O
d2g = 1 d3L d2L 1cos O
d2L O dL = d3L = 0
d4L 0
d1L
4
3)
d4L d3L
d1L 0
d2L 0
d2L dL = =
d3g = 1 d3L 1cos O
O
d1L d 4L -1sen O
4) = 1,
d4g = 1
d4L d1L 0
d2L 0
d3L
dL = d3L = 1sen O
d2L d4L 1cos O
O
d1L
yg
yL d2g xL
D d1L
d2L
d1g
xg
2 2 2 2 2
D = d 1L + d 2L = d 1g + d2g Ecuacin 2
d 1L d 2L x d 1L = d 1g d 2g x d 1g
d 2L d 2g
T T
dL x dL = dg x dg Ecuacin 3
5
-1
Y se sabe que: d L = Tg x dg d g = Tg x dL
T T T
A = BxC A = CxB
T T T
dL = dg x Tg Ecuacin 4
T T
dL x dL = dg x dg
T T T -1
dg x Tg x dL = dg x Tg x dL
T -1
Tg = Tg
-1
Se sabe que: d L = Tg x dg d g = T gxd
L
f L = KL x dL
fL :
KL :
dL :
f L = KL x Tg x dg , pero f L = Tg x f g
Tg x f g = KL x Tg x dg
-1
Tg x f g = KL x Tg x d g Tg
-1
f g = Tg x KL x Tg x dg
6
-1 -1
f g = Tg x KL x Tg x d g , En otras palabras: Kg = Tg x KL x Tg
Kg
T -1
Tg = Tg
T
Kg = Tg x KL x Tg
Donde:
1 2 2
1 -1 1
AE
KL = L -1 1 2 1
Pero: 1 2 3 4 4 3
1 0 -1 0 1
2
0 0 0 0 2
AE
KL = L -1 0 1 0 3 1
0 0 0 0 4
1cos O -1sen O 0 0 1 0 -1 0
1cos O 1sen O 0 0
1sen O 1cos O 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1sen O 1cos O 0 0
Kg = AE
L 0 0 1cos O -1sen O -1 0 1 0 0 0 1cos O 1sen O
0 0 0 0
0 0 1sen O 1cos O 0 0 -1sen O 1cos O
Resulta:
2 2
cos O sen O cos O -cos O -sen O cos O
2 2
AE sen O cos O sen O -sen O cos O -sen O
Kg = L 2 2
-cos O -sen O cos O cos O sen O cos O
2 2
-sen O cos O -sen O sen O cos O sen O
7
AE = Constante
2
A = 5.806 x 10 -3 m
L 2
E = 703 069.62 Kg/Cm
L = 3.00m
10tn
L
4g 6g
3
3g 1 , 2 , 3 : Elemento
5g
1g , 2 g , 3 g , 4g , 5g , 6 g : GDL
1 2
2g T
Kg = Tg x KL x Tg
1g
4g
3g
1 sen O = sen 90 = 1
2g
1g
cos O sen O 0 0 0 1 0 0
-sen O cos O 0 0 -1 0 0 0
Tg = =
0 0 cos O sen O 0 0 0 1
0 0 -sen O cos O 0 0 -1 0
1 0 -1 0
T
AE 0 0 0 0 Kg = Tg KL Tg
KL = L -1 0 1 0
x x
0 0 0 0
1g 2g 3g 4g
0 -1 0 0 1 0 -1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1g
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0 Kg = AE 0 1 0 -1 2g
Kg = AE
L
L
0 0 0 -1 -1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 3g
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 -1 0 1 4g
8
6g
Para el elemento 2:
5g
1g
cos O sen O 0 0 1 1 0 0
-sen O cos O 0 0 -1 1 0 0
Tg = = 2
sen O
0 0 cos O 2 0 0 1 1
0 0 -sen O cos O 0 0 -1 1
1 0 -1 0
T
AE 0 0 0 0
KL = Kg = Tg x KL x Tg
-1 0 1 0
2L
0 0 0 0
1g 2g 5g 6g
2L 2 2 L 5g
0 0 1 -1 -1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 - 2/4 - 2/4 2/4 2/4
6g
0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 1 - 2/4 - 2/4 2/4 2/4
Para el elemento 3:
4g 6g
3g
3 O =0 cos O = cos 0 = 1
5g sen O = sen 0 = 0
cos O sen O 0 0 1 0 0 0
-sen O cos O 0 0 0 1 0 0
Tg = =
0 0 cos O sen O 0 0 1 0
0 0 -sen O cos O 0 0 0 1
1 0 -1 0
T
AE 0 0 0 0 Kg = Tg x KL x Tg
KL = L -1 0 1 0
0 0 0 0
3g 4g 5g 6g
1 0 0 0 1 0 -1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 -1 0 3g
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 4g
Kg = AE
L
Kg = AE
L
0 0 1 0 -1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 -1 0 1 0 5g
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 6g
9
Ahora procedemos a ensamblar (expandir) la matriz del sistema.
1g 2g 3g 4g 5g 6g
0 0 1 0 -1 0 3g
K= AE
L
0 -1 0 1 0 0 4g
Operando se tiene:
1g 2g 3g 4g 5g 6g
1g
2g
3g
K= Tn/m
4g
5g
6g
F =K x D
1g 2g 3g 4g 5g 6g
1g
3g K LL K LR
5g 2g
4g
6g 3g
K=
4g
2g K RL K RR
5g
1g 6g
10
El Vector de Fuerzas: El Vector de Desplazamientos:
F1 D1
F Libres = FLL DLibres = D LL
F2 D2
F3 D3
F = D =
F4 D4
F Restringidas = FRR DRestringidas = D RR
F5 D5
D6
F6
Multiplicando tenemos:
-1
D LL = K LL x FLL
K LL K LR
10 4810.71 4810.71 0 0 -4810.71 -4810.71 D1
FLL D LL
0 4810.71 18417.45 0 -13606.74 -4810.71 -4810.71 D2
F3 0 0 13606.74 0 -13606.74 0 0
=
F4 0 -13606.74 0 13606.74 0 0 0
FRR 0
D RR
F5 -4810.71 -4810.71 -13606.74 0 18417.45 4810.71
F6 -4810.71 -4810.71 0 0 4810.71 4810.71 0
K RL K RR
11
Utilizando la Ecuacin 2, obtenemos los desplazamientos:
-1
-1 D1 4810.71 4810.71 10 D1 0.00281m
D LL = KLL x FLL = x =
D2 4810.71 18417.45 0 D2 -0.000735 m
F3 0 0 F3 0
F4 0 -13606.74 0.00281 F4 10
= x = Tn
F5 -4810.71 -4810.71 -0.000735 F5 -10
F6 -4810.71 -4810.71 F6 -10
12
13