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INSTITUT PENDIDIKAN GURU KAMPUS PERLIS

PROGRAM IJAZAH SARJANA MUDA PERGURUAN DENGAN


KEPUJIAN
Semester 8

TSL 3143
CURRICULUM STUDIES

INDIVIDUAL TASK
PRISCA LIM LI JAN

INDEX NUMBER
0612 / 2962

IC NUMBER
941206-12-6632

GROUP/UNIT
TESL

LECTURERS NAME
PUAN ROZITA BT RASHID

SUBMISSION DATE
24TH AUGUST 2017
DECLARATION FORM
TABLE OF CONTENT

DECLARATION FORM .......................................................................................................... 2

TABLE OF CONTENT........................................................................................................... 3

ACADEMIC WRITING ........................................................................................................... 4

REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................ 7
ACADEMIC WRITING

In order for curriculum development to be effective and schools to be successful,


teachers must be involved in the development process. An effective curriculum should
reflect the philosophy, goals, objectives, learning experiences, instructional resources
and assessments, that comprise a specific educational program.
Examine the role of teachers in designing and implementing a curriculum in
the context of the Malaysian experience.

If students are said to be The future of Nation, then teachers are those who
can be referred as Future Builders of the Nation. They build the future citizens of the
country. Education is one of the ultimate and the most respectable services provided
by teachers. Teachers are the main pillars of a sound and progressive society. They
bear the weight and responsibility of teaching, apart from parents, teachers are the
main source of knowledge for children. However, in order to ensure quality education,
an effective curriculum development is vital. Curriculum is a systematic and intended
packaging of competencies- knowledge, skills and attitudes they are underpinned by
values. Whereas curriculum development is defined as planned, a purposeful,
progressive, and systematic process to create positive improvements in the
educational system. The goal of a successful educational is to have an effective
curriculum development which meets the requirements and also the current demands
of society and expectations.

Teachers are essential pillars in the teaching process, thus with their
knowledge, skills and experiences, they are the perfect central to any curriculum
improvement effort. In short, they play an essential role in developing, implementing,
assessing and also modifying the curriculum in school. Teachers understand their
students like the back of their hands compared to others involved in the curriculum.
While curriculum specialists or administrators spend countless hours developing
curriculum, still teachers are the ones who know best what the curriculum should be
like. Relatively, a teacher can provide insights into the types of materials, activities and
also specific skills which need to be included. Teachers are the ones who uses
textbooks, activity books and reference books the most, therefore they are able to
identify the types of materials which is suitable for the level of pupils. Besides that,
teachers practice various types of teaching strategies and also conducts various
activities during the teaching and learning process, therefore they are capable of
identify the suitable activities which can be implemented to help in boosting the
effectiveness of a lesson.
Moving on, teachers have to take into consideration of their own expertise
before designing and implementing curriculum in school. A teacher is considered as a
highly knowledge one. Therefore, she has to have adequate knowledge regarding the
field that she is teaching before being able to help in the designing of curriculum and
next to the implementation of the curriculum. Imagine if the teacher herself is only half
knowledgeable regarding the field which she is teaching, it will not be possible for her
to contribute sufficient knowledge in the designing of the curriculum because of the
lacking in that aspect. On the other hand, when a teacher is well knowledgeable with
the teaching pedagogics and also strategies that are suitable to be implied in the
teaching process, it will aid the teacher in designing a suitable curriculum which can
maximize pupils learning.

Besides that, it is the teachers role in taking consideration of pupils capability


and proficiency in the subjects and language before designing a curriculum. The
proficiency of pupils in the language has to be taken into serious consideration
because it affects the learning process. If the curriculum implemented is too high
standard for the pupils to comprehend, it will eventually cause the deterioration of
education achievement among pupils. Designing the curriculum is the most exciting
and creative part of curriculum development, however, the ultimate goal is not to
design the best and most ideal curriculum, but to put it into practice successfully
(Jansen & Middlewood, 2003: 55-60). If a teacher fails to take into consideration of
pupils proficiency before designing the curriculum, there will be a higher tendency of
failure in the later stage - implementation of curriculum where teacher will face issues
with pupils not able to achieve the objectives and aim in the curriculum. Moreover,
teacher is capable of identifying the suitability of activities whether it can fit into a
specified time frame and engage pupils. It is vital for activities to be engaging and not
draggy to ensure an effective teaching and learning session.

Moving on, to foster the design and especially the implementation of curriculum
reform, teacher involvement from the early stages of curriculum reform processes is
advocated. By fulfilling the role of designer, it is expected that teachers understanding
of the reform and their ownership concerning the reform are being promoted. However,
most teachers lacked the knowledge and skills needed for proper curriculum design.
Therefore, it is crucial for teachers to undergo various workshop trainings and also
seminars to equip themselves with the latest development in education not forgetting
also the skills and knowledge to plan, design and implement a curriculum. As has being
said, teachers are the practitioner of knowledge, it is essential for a teacher to be alert
and exposed to the latest development in the education system. Seminars and
workshops serve as a platform to provide appropriate knowledge and skills that can
aid them to effectively contribute in the designing of curriculum. Relatively, through
workshops and seminars, teacher can gain better understanding and wider knowledge
on the current needs and demands of pupils and also the requirements that are needed
to be fulfilled. As a result, these will aid teachers in designing a suitable curriculum to
be implemented.

In a nut shell, careful planning of a curriculum is essential to ensure a quality


education system. Thus the success of a curriculum does not only depend on the
curriculum developers and schools administrators but teachers should also be
included into process. This is because teachers involvement in the process of
curriculum is stated to be important to align content of curriculum with current students
needs in the classroom. Moreover, the more involved teachers are, the more
empowered they feel. It is this sense of empowerment and support that will motivate
them to perform well beyond expectations and drive them to contribute to the
improvement of our education system.
REFERENCES

A framework for K-12 science education. (2012). Washington, DC.


ABDUL KARIM, H. (2016). Inhibiting factors affecting teachers
implementation of the KBSM (revised) English language
curriculum (pp. 117-140).
Abdul Rahman, Z., & Ahmad, M. (2017). Curriculum planning,
development and reform. Retrieved from
http://www.ibe.unesco.org/curriculum/Asia%20Networkpdf/ndrepmy.p
df
Curriculum Development: Teacher Involvement in Curriculum
Development. (2017). Journal Of Education And Practice, 7(9), 106-
107.
PRUITT, A. (1969). Teacher Involvement in the Curriculum and Career
Guidance. Vocational Guidance Quarterly, 17(3), 189-193.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2164-585x.1969.tb01427.x
Role of Teachers in the Curriculum Process. (2017). Work.chron.com.
Retrieved 23 August 2017, from http://work.chron.com/role-teachers-
curriculum-process-5344.html
Shawer, S. (2010). Classroom-level curriculum development: EFL teachers
as curriculum-developers, curriculum-makers and curriculum-
transmitters. Teaching And Teacher Education, 26(2), 173-184.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2009.03.015

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