Table of Contents

Chapter 4: Site Profile and Analysis ............................................................................................... 4

4.1 Site Selection and Justification ............................................................................... 4

4.1.1 Proposed Sites ................................................................................................ 4

Site 1 ........................................................................................................... 4
Vicinity Map ............................................................................................... 4
Site Description ........................................................................................... 4
Site 2 ........................................................................................................... 4
Vicinity Map ............................................................................................... 4
Site Description ........................................................................................... 4
Site 3 ........................................................................................................... 4
Vicinity Map ............................................................................................... 4
Site Description ........................................................................................... 4
4.1.2 Site Criteria ................................................................................................. 4
4.1.3 Criteria Matrix and Tabulation ................................................................... 4
4.1.4 Site Justification .......................................................................................... 4
4.2 Macro Profile .......................................................................................................... 5

4.2.1 Site Description .............................................................................................. 5

4.2.2 Brief History .................................................................................................. 5
4.2.3 Demographics ................................................................................................ 6
4.2.4 Climate ........................................................................................................... 7
4.2.5 Physical Features ........................................................................................... 8
4.2.5.1 Geography ....................................................................................... 8
4.2.5.2 Soil .................................................................................................. 8
4.2.5.3 Topography ................................................................................... 11
4.2.5.4 Drainage ........................................................................................ 12
4.2.5.5 Transportation ............................................................................... 12
 4.2.6 Land Use and Zoning ....................................................................... 12
4.2.7 Infrastructure .................................................................................... 13
4.2.7.1 Power ............................................................................................ 13
4.2.7.2 Waste Supply ................................................................................ 13
4.2.7.3 Telecommunication....................................................................... 13
4.2.7.4 Road networks .............................................................................. 13
4.2.7.5 Bridges .......................................................................................... 13
4.2.8 Hazards ........................................................................................................ 13
4.3 Micro Profile ......................................................................................................... 13
 Chapter 4: Site Profile and Analysis

4.1 Site Selection and Justification

4.1.1 Proposed Sites

Site 1

Vicinity Map

Site Description

Site 2

Vicinity Map

Site Description

Site 3

Vicinity Map

Site Description

4.1.2 Site Criteria

4.1.3 Criteria Matrix and Tabulation

4.1.4 Site Justification

4.2 Macro Profile

4.2.1 Site Description

4.2.2 Brief History

Created in 1712, Capas is among the oldest towns of Tarlac together with Bamban

(1712), Paniqui (1574) and Tarlac (1686). Its creation was justified by numerous settlements

which were already established in the river banks of Cutcut River since the advent of the

eighteenth century. The settlements belonged to the domain of Pagbatuan and Gudya, the two

sitios united by Capitan Mariano Capiendo when he founded the municipality.

Historical records suggest three versions on how Capas got its name. The first version, as

told, was originated from capas-capas, the edible flower similar to that of the caturay that

abundantly grew along the Cutcut river banks. The second version, accordingly, was adapted

from a cotton tree called capas, an Aeta dialect. The third version suggested that it was through

the corruption of the first three letters from the surnames of the towns early settlers, namely:

Capitulo, Capitly, Capiendo, Capuno, Caponga, Capingian, Caparas, Capera, Capumpue, Capit,

Capil, Capunfuerza, Capunpun, Caputol, Capul and Capan. For short, they were called caps or

capas in the local dialect.

In 1860, the Spanish colonial government included Capas, together with Concepcion,

Bamban, Mabalacat, Magalang, Porac, Floridablanca, Victoria and Tarlac, in the creation of the

politico-military commandancia. The commandancia, however, had ceased from its function
when Tarlac was created into a province in 1874. Due to the floods that frequently inundated the

Cutcut River banks, the town was relocated to the upper area where it is now permanently

established.

The town had been administered by the capitan municipal who received orders from

capitan general in Manila during the Spanish time. However, the position was changed to

president during the American occupation, and later changed to mayor in mid-1938, which is still

the official title today.

Capas has had its share in the countrys colorful history. Its people also joined the

uprising when the Philippines revolted against Spain. But the most memorable of all times,

which Capas was made famous for, was its being the terminal point of the infamous Death

March joined by the American and Filipino soldiers during the Japanese occupation. The town

was once a host to the American strategic facilities the ODonnell Transmitter station and the

Naval Transmitter Station which were instrumental to the United States continuous dominance

over Asia. Incidentally, Capas is the hometown of Bernabe G. Buscayno or Kumander Dante

who carved out his name in late 1960s and 1970s, the turbulent period of the Philippine

contemporary history.

After the siege of two subsequent disasters caused by Mount Pinatubo eruption that

displaces the local economy, and the closure of American military bases that caused the loss of

numerous jobs, Capas has rose from its feet. The town is now cautiously observed by its nearby

neighbors as its potentials area now being harnessed for economic development.

4.2.3 Demographics
 The Aetas were the first inhabitants of Capas, today it is inhabited by people of different

ethnic groupings Pampangos, Ilocanos, Pangasinenses and Tagalogs. One percent are Bicolanos

and Visayans.

Capas has 20 barangays with a total population of 135,735, with a household population

of 27,147 (NSO 2012, unofficial) at 3.55 annual growth rate.

As of 2012 the highest household population distributed among Capas 20 Barangays was

observed in Cristo Rey at 6,157 followed by ODonnell, Sta. Lucia and Cutcut I at 2,827, 2,173,

and 2,001 respectively. Bueno and Manga were observed to be the least populated Barangays at

320 and 370 respectively.

Like the rest of the country, the young population in Capas exhibits a pyramidal age

structure. The population between ages zero to 14 years old account for 40%.Capas is

predominantly a Kapampangan speaking town. Roman Catholic religion has remained deeply

rooted in the municipality of Capas ever since its propagation followed by the Iglesia ni Cristo

denomination.

Literacy rate is pegged at 96%.

Municipalities Total Population Percent Male Female

Tarlac 1,068,783 100.00 541,571 527,212
Capas 95,219 10.07 48,803 46,416

4.2.4 Climate
 The whole province of Tarlac, to include the town of Capas, falls in the first type of the

modified Corona Classification which was characterized by two distinct seasons, wet and dry.

The wet season covers the period

4.2.5 Physical Features

4.2.5.1 Geography

Capas occupies a total area of 43,148.55 hectares. A land locked area located in the

southwestern part of Tarlac province, bounded by the towns of San Jose on the north, Tarlac on

the northeast, Concepcion on the east, Bamban on the south, and Zambales on the west. It lies at

geographical coordinates of 15 15 to 15 26latitude and 120 37 longitude.

Capas is traversed by various water systems, such as rivers, creeks and tributaries. The

ODonnell River forms as the principal river. The Bulsa-Moriones River flows into confluence

with ODonnell River with Bangut River serving as tributary. Both rivers are prone to

flashfloods. Cutcut River is a minor river system which flows into Rio Chico River at the Tarlac

Nueva Ecija boundary. A hot spring is located in Brgys. Bueno and Sta. Juliana.

During rainy season, excessive amount of precipitation causes the large volume of water

run-off, flooding the nearby areas since the rivers and the major tributaries could not absorb the

stream recharge. High tide surges and impedes discharge during high precipitation causing the

river banks to overflow.

4.2.5.2 Soil
 Soil characteristics include Tarlac clay loam, La Paz fine sand and Luisita sandy

sand. The western boundary is dominated by volcanic rocks of the basalt and andesite types

covered by undifferentiated Tarlac soils.

Capas has coarse to medium textured soil that is prone to seasonal flooding.

Permeability is affected by soil texture and crop management practices by the farmers when

they plant sugar cane and other annual crops. The towns hilly and mountainous portion

manifests moderate to very rapid permeability due to soil compactness.

Sand deposits containing predominantly of quartz and magnetite minerals were

observed in ODonnell River. It is believed to have come from the pyroclastic hills and

mountains in the southern part of the municipality. Sand and gravel found in the area are

good for construction materials and aggregates. Non-active cones were also identified and

mapped in Barangay Sta. Juliana near the Crow Valley area.

There was confirmation that Capas has deposits of metallic and non-metallic

minerals. The metallic deposits of manganese ore reserve was 190,000 metric ton where

part of the areas are within the former US Military Reservation in Camp ODonnell.

Placer gold deposits, on the other hand have been reported to exist at Cabatuan

Creek in Barangay Bueno including that of Pumice.

The southern and eastern areas of the town are characteristics by Tarlac Clay Loam, La

Paz Fine Sand and Luisita Sandy Sand. From its central portion going to Bamban in the south

and towards north to the portions of San Clemente, the area is dominated by Tarlac Clay Loam.

The western boundary side, forming the eastern side of Zambales forest areas and mountain
ranges, is dominated by volcanic rocks of the basalt and andesite types covered by

undifferentiated Tarlac Soils. The characteristics of these types of soils are as follows:

Tarlac Soils (undifferentiated) are soils found in the mountains and forest areas in the

boundary with Zambales. It constitutes 31.95% of the area of Capas.

La Paz Fine Sand the surface relief is nearly level to slightly undulating and is well drained

both internally and externally. However, because of the texture of the soil, crops suffer from the

lack of moisture during periods of drought. This soil, estimated at 4.54% of the towns area, is

planted to sugarcane and rice. It is practically suited to all locally grown crops.

Luisita Fine Sandy Loam the surface soil has depth that ranges at 35 -50 cm., its color is

gray to whitish gray fine sandy loam. There is a small amount of silt and clay that makes the soil

compact, hard and cracks when dry. Fruit trees are grown in this type of soil. This type of soil

constitutes 6.76% of Capas total area.

Tarlac Clay Loam the surface of this type is dark gray to nearly black, fine granules, sticky

and gritty clay loam. Its depth range at 35 50 cm. and covers some 55.75% of the total towns

area. When hard, it becomes compact and cracks into big clods. Rice and fruit trees are also

grown in this type of soil.

3.1.3.2 Soil Texture and Permeability

 Capas has coarse to medium textures soil that is prone to seasonal flooding. Its

permeability, however, varies from slow to moderately slow due to the wetness of the area. Some

of its portions have rapid to very rapid permeability, the others have high class of permeability.

Permeability is affected by soil texture and crop management practices by the farmers when they

plant sugarcane and other annual crops. The towns hilly and mountainous portion manifests

moderate to very rapid permeability due to soil compactness.

3.1.3.3 Soil Erosion and Conservation

Effects of soil erosion caused by flowing water is notable on-site and off-site of Capas.

Soil productivity is reduced on-site while river pollution and sedimentation of water channel,

dams and agricultural are among the detrimental consequences from off-site. Another erosion

feature is the riverwash or stream bank erosion primarily caused by water scouring and water

overflow as depicted in ODonnell River. This type of erosion destroys different infrastructures

and washes out soil profile which is not replaceable. Preventive measures have not yet been

established in Capas. However, this could be remedied by building riprap stone and boulders,

filling sack of sands, along the banks and or the drastic prohibition of heavy cultivation on or

near the river banks.

4.2.5.3 Topography
 It has approximately 46.24% rolling to hilly lands while the rest is plain to

mountainous.

Capas is traverse by various water systems, such as rivers, creeks and tributaries.

The ODonnell River forms as the principal river. The Bulsa-Morinones River flows into

confluence with ODonnell River with Bangut River serving as tributary. Both rivers are

prone to flashfloods. Cutcut River is a minor river system which flows in Rio Chico River

at the Tarlac-Nueva Ecija boundary. A hot spring is located in Barangay Bueno.

Forest lands occupied the largest area of Capas. There are two critical watershed

areas namely; ODonnell and Balog-Balog with a total area of 28,025 hectares. Capas

Death March Monument is declared a NIPAS Area.

4.2.5.4 Drainage

4.2.5.5 Transportation

Capas is approximately 101 kilometers north of Manila. Whether one is using a private

car or a passenger bus, the town is accessible in three main road arteries. From Manila, it can be

reached by using the North Luzon Expressway (NLEX) and Subic-Clark-Tarlac Expressway

(SCTEX) branching to the national road in Mabalacat or in Concepcion entering through the

national road that links Tarlac, Capas and Bamban with Estrada and Cutcut I as the gateway

barangays.

4.2.6 Land Use and Zoning

 4.2.7 Infrastructure

4.2.7.1 Power

4.2.7.2 Waste Supply

4.2.7.3 Telecommunication

4.2.7.4 Road networks

4.2.7.5 Bridges

4.2.8 Hazards

4.3 Micro Profile