Smartgrid

Technology Selec9on for Islands

in Indonesia

Dr. Andhika Prastawa

13 September 2017
OUTLINE

CHALLENGE THE NATIONAL ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS

WHY SHOULD THE SMART GRID

SMARTGRID TECHNOLOGY SELECTION

SMART GRID PROGRAM IN ISLANDS

CONCLUSION
1. CHALLENGE THE NATIONAL ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS

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CHALLENGE As a basic infrastructure, the availability of electricity has been a major
community needs.
THE NATIONAL The state is obliged to fulll the needs of the society without excepLon.
ELECTRICAL
SYSTEMS ConLnental type of electricaLon expansion all over the country would
not appropriate, as the island topographic dominates the naLon

Electricity is the main suppor+ng pillar in all aspects of development.

Hence the success of development depends on the availability and quality
of electricity.
The condiLon of the naLonal
electricity system is sLll a
concern, in terms of quality,
even from electricaLon
raLo.
CHALLENGE It is esLmated that in the next few years the electrical system is required to
respond to new technology challenges, such as electric vehicles, large-
THE NATIONAL capacity baOery, intelligent devices (smart appliances), DC systems, etc.
ELECTRICAL
It is needed to Modernize the naLonal electricity system with smartgrid
SYSTEMS and microgrid vision with carefully planned and executed to maximize the
potenLal of the naLon with the aim of meeLng the electricity needs of
Indonesian society in the future.
 Geographics of Service Areas

Interconnected Systems

Two of main islands have own interconnected systems

The rests are:
Clusters of service areas with main grids, including remote o-grid distributed systems (Kalimantan,
Sulawesi, Papua)
Small islands: clusters of distribuLon grids mainly of diesel systems, o-grid distributed systems
2. WHY SHOULD THE SMART GRID

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 WHY SHOULD THE SMART GRID?
q ApplicaLon of smart grid will provide benets in acceleraLng the adopLon of smart energy
technologies, such as the percentage increase in the penetraLon of renewable energy into
the network and the use of electric vehicles
q Smart grid can be a promoLonal event for new technologies to speed up the maturaLon
process that starts from the research, development, demonstraLon and uLlizaLon (RDD & U)
with feed in tari (FIT) scheme, as well as a variety of incenLves and other policies
q The existence of two-way informaLon ow in a smart grid allowing adjustment of the power
needs of consumers with electricity supply provided thus increasing the potenLal for
signicant savings, improve the reliability of power supply and power quality so that the
producLvity and compeLLveness of the naLon also increased.
Based on Book II, RPJMN 2015-2019, BPPT
as LPNK RistekdikL got a mandate to
provide smart grid technology
deployment recommendaLons to
improve the reliability and eciency of
the naLonal electricity system
 Mo9va9on for a Smart Grid
Desire to make the Grid smarter, safer, reliable and more cost-eecive using
advanced sensors, communica9on technologies and distributed compu:ng.
What is a Smart Grid?
Smart Grid is a concept and vision that captures a
range of advanced informa9on, sensing,
communica9ons, control, and energy technologies.
Taken together, these result in an electric power
system that can intelligently integrate the ac9ons
of all connected usersfrom power generators to
electricity consumers to those that both produce
and consume electricity (prosumers)to
eciently deliver sustainable, economic, and
secure electricity supplies.
Source: DeniLon adapted from the European
Technology Plaform Smart Grid (ETPSG).
Source: Altalink, Alberta, Canada
 Smart Grid Challenges
Technical Challenges: Ensuring power system reliability as uncertainty and
variability increase with a higher penetra9on of RE genera9on.
Managing variability and uncertainty during the con9nuous balancing of the system,
and
Balancing supply and demand during genera9on scarcity and surplus situa9ons.
Economic, Policy, and Regulatory Challenges: Eec9vely managing the
cost of RE integra9on and the grid investments that support it, designing
policies to harness maximum value from RE, and ensuring that
appropriate incen9ves are in place to encourage appropriate grid
investments.
Grid upgrade costs allocated to RE project developers,
Energy curtailment when full RE produc9on cannot be readily integrated into the power
system.
3. SMARTGRID TECHNOLOGY SELECTION

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 3. Smartgrid Technology Scenario

1. Although there is no standard global deniLon yet, the Smart Electricity Grids domain
covers a wide range of technology soluLons related to generaLon, delivery and usage of
energy.
2. Some examples are the emerging applicaLons in electricity storage, the automaLon and
control technologies for electricity transmission and distribuLon systems, as well all the
systems and services that enable more ecient grid operaLons.
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 Smart Grid Technology Selec9on
Choosing which smart grid technologies to use is a system-specic
decision, requiring a detailed look at the current state of an electric system
as well as projecLons of its possible future states. However, some general
recommendaLons can be made:
When grid upgrades are required, whether to accommodate RE or for
other reasons, it is typically much more cost-efecLve to include smart
grid technologies than to use only convenLonal technology. It is of
course important to choose specic smart grid technologies wisely.
Although each electricity system diers depending on the mix of energy
sources and geographical demand proles, we consider three dierent
levels of renewables penetraLon in electricity systems.

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 Smart Grid Technology Selec9on (cont)
The three levels are dened in terms of the grid modicaLons necessary to
accommodate non-dispatchable renewables, rather than in terms of absolute
percentage.
Low levels of renewables, with capacity penetraLon not exceeding 15% (on any
secLon of the grid), are generally feasible without any smart grid technologies.
At medium levels of renewables penetraLon, typically between 15% and 30%, smart
grid technologies will become increasingly important.
Capacity penetraLon levels above 30% are considered high for renewables and
usually require the use of smart grid technologies to ensure reliable grid operaLon.
As illustrated in below, these low, medium, and high penetraLon ranges overlap signi
cantly because they vary by locaLon.

Approximate ranges of RE
penetraLon

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 Smart Grid Technology Selec9on
Choosing which smart grid technologies to use is a system-specic decision, requiring a
detailed look at the current state of an electric system as well as projecLons of its
possible future states. However, some general recommendaLons can be made

Visions of the electricity system. Present and future ows

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 Smart grid technology determina9on procedure
Build a load curve of a network of a locaLon or
area
IdenLfy the type of power plant that serves
the load on the network
IdenLfy the Renewable Energy (RE) available
at that locaLon or area
Dene RE contribuLon and type of RE
technology to be used?
Create an algorithm of power system
operaLon.
IdenLfy the availability of data communicaLon
technology in the locaLon.
4. SMART GRID PROGRAM IN ISLANDS

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 The Purpose of Smart Grid Program

To demonstrate that:
IntermiOent renewable energy could be penetrated more
into a grid
Smart grid as a method to enhance supply reliability
Smart grid could enhance the power quality and
sustainability of regional power systems through opLmizing
uLlizaLon of local energy rosources to provide for local
electricity needs.
Smart Micro Grid in Sumba Island

The total of hybrid power (green line) is

maintained, approximately 150-160 kW.
3 PV inverter unit switched on one by one un9l
about 55 kW (black line)
As the rising supply of PV into the grid, then
loadsharing controller automa9cally lowers the
output generator 1 (red line) and generator 2
(purple line).
As a result, the total hybrid power of 150-160 kW
is xed, and the frequency of the grid (blue line)
remains rela9vely stable in the range of 50 Hz.
 Smart Micro Grid in Sumba Island (under installa9on)

1.Sedang dilakukan instalasi

teknologi Energi Management
System (EMS) dengan tujuan
utama agar sistem smart mcro
grid Sumba dapat mentransfer
daya kejaringan dengan
konstan dan tidak menganggu
kestabilan jaringan.
2.Sistem ini juga menggunakan
baterai sebagai kompensator
fluktuasi PV sekaligus juga
sebagai buffer.
3.Kegiatan ini dilakukan secara
bekerjasama dengan Kyudenco,
Jepang.
 Smart Grid Technology in Hybrid Power
Systems in Nusa Penida, Bali

WIFI Repeater in Diesel Engine Power

WTG #8 WIFI BRIDGE Plant ACCE
WIFI
CONFIGURATIO
N SS

Solar PV #1 POIN
T

WIFI ACCESS
POINT

SCAD
A PC
OPERATI
NG
PANEL
POW HUB
ER
MET
ER

WIFI ACCESS
POINT

HUB

P
L
C

POW
ER
MET
ER
POW POW POW
ER ER ER
MET MET MET
ER ER ER

WTG #9

LOAD SHARING CONTROL

LINES
Congura9on of the grid-connected Micro Grid System for Pramuka
Island (Planning)
 CONCLUSION
Small scale generaLng system with various smart grid technology features has
been introduced in various small islands in Indonesia.
The use of smart grid technology in the islands of Indonesia can be done by
choosing the appropriate capacity and technology of renewable energy
generaLon.
Modernize the electrical system with the vision of smart grid is a necessity
before implemenLng smart gfrid technology.
ConstrucLon of the electrical system in the future must be directed to the
integraLon of electrical systems and ICT
To accelerate the implementaLon of smart grid technology, BPPT oce always
invite the parLes to cooperate in the development of the naLonal electricity
with smart grid vision.
 Thank you

www.bppt.go.id