Name of the Action Mechanism of Indication Side effects Contraindicati Nursing

drug, dose action on Responsibilities

and
frequency
Hydrocortiso Corticosteroi Hydrocortisone is Adrenocortical Sodium and Viral/fungal Assess for
ne 100 mg d a corticosteroid insufficiency, fluid infections, contraindications or
IV Q8H used for its anti- Soft tissue retention. tubercular or cautions (e.g. history
inflammatory and inflammation. Potassium syphilitic of allergy to drug,
immunosuppressiv Acute and calcium lesions, history of heart
e effects. Its anti- adrenocortical depletion. bacterial failure, hypertension
inflammatory insufficiency, Muscle infections , etc.) to avoid
action is due to acute wasting, unless used in adverse effects.
the suppression of inflammation weakness, conjunction
migration of osteoporosis. with Assess blood pressur
polymorphonuclea GI appropriate e, pulse, and
r leukocytes and disturbances chemotherapy. adventitious breath
reversal of and sounds; weight and
increased capillary bleeding. temperature; tissue
permeability. It Increased turgor; reflexes and
may also be used appetite and bilateral grip
as replacement delayed strength; and serum
therapy in wound electrolyte levels, to
adrenocortical healing. determine baseline
insufficiency. Bruising, status before
striae, beginning therapy
hirsutism, and for any potential
acne, adverse effects.
flushing.

Name of Action Mechanism of Indication Side effects Contraindicati Nursing Responsibilities

Kristian Dave Diva, SN Page 1

 the drug, action on
dose and
frequency
Losartan Angiotensin Losartan is an Hypertension, Upper resp Concomitant Assess for the mentioned
50mg 1 II angiotensin II Diabetic infection, nasal use w/ aliskiren contraindications to this
tab OD Antagonists receptor nephropathy congestion, in patients w/ drug (e.g.
antagonist. It in Type 2 sinusitis, diabetes and drug allergy, hypovolemi
selectively and diabetes headache, renal a, renal impairment, etc.)
competitively mellitus, dizziness, back impairment to prevent potential
blocks the Heart failure pain, leg pain, (GFR <60 adverse effects.
vasoconstrictin muscle cramps, mL/min).
g and asthenia or Obtain baseline status for
aldosterone- fatigue, weight, vital signs,
secreting neutropenia, overall skin condition,
effects of chest pain, and laboratory tests like
angiotensin II cough, renal and hepatic
by selectively bronchitis, UTI, function tests, and serum
antagonising its diarrhoea, electrolyte to assess
binding to AT1 gastritis, patients response to
receptors. anaemia, therapy.
hypoglycaemia,
diabetic
vascular
disease,
cataracts,
cellulitis,

Name of the Action Mechanism of Indication Side effects Contraindicati Nursing

drug, dose action on Responsibilities
and frequency

Kristian Dave Diva, SN Page 1

Omeprazole Antacids, Omeprazole is a Zollinger-Ellison Headache, rash, Concomitant Assess
40 mg IV OD Antireflux substituted syndrome, pruritus, use w/ other
Agents & benzimidazole Gastric and dizziness, rilpivirine, medications
Antiulcerants gastric duodenal ulcers, fatigue, cough, nelfinavir and patient may
antisecretory Gastro- back or atazanavir. be taking
agent and is oesophageal abdominal pain, for
also known as reflux disease, arthralgia and effectivenes
PPI. It blocks the NSAID- myalgia, s and
final step in associated urticaria, dry interactions
gastric acid ulceration, mouth, Monitor
secretion by Gastro- photosensitivity, therapeutic
specific oesophageal bullous effectivenes
inhibition of reflux disease, eruption, fever, s
H+/K+ ATPase Peptic ulcer, angioedema, and adverse
enzyme system NSAID- bronchospasm, reactions at
present on the associated anaphylaxis, beginning of
secretory ulceration somnolence, therapy and
surface of the aggression and periodically
gastric parietal vertigo, throughout
cell. Both basal insomnia, therapy.
and stimulated reversible Assess GI
acid are confusional system:
inhibited. states, bowel
depression, sounds
agitation, every
hallucination. 8hours,
Increased liver abdomen
enzyme for pain and
swelling,
appetite
loss.

Kristian Dave Diva, SN Page 1

 Name of the Action Mechanism of Indication Side effects Contraindicati Nursing
drug, dose action on Responsibilities
and frequency
Cefuroxime Antibiotics Cefuroxime Gonorrhoea, Rash, fever, Hypersensitivity Assess patient
(Zegen) 1.5 (Cephalosporin) inhibits bacterial Meningitis, pruritus, to cefuroxime or for signs and
gms IV Q8H cell wall Susceptible erythema, to other symptoms of
ANST synthesis by infections, urticaria, cephalosporins. infection prior to
binding to one 1 Respiratory Stevens-Johnson and throughout
or more of the tract infections, syndrome, therapy.
penicillin- Pneumonia erythema Before initiating
binding proteins multiforme, therapy, obtain a
(PBPs) which in toxic epidermal history to
turn inhibit the necrolysis, determine
final serum sickness- previous use of
transpeptidation like reactions, and reactions to
step of angioedema, penicillins or
peptidoglycan nausea, cephalosporins.
synthesis in vomiting, Persons with a
bacterial cell gagging, negative history
walls, thus epigastric of penicillin
inhibiting cell burning, GI sensitivity may
wall bleeding and still have an
biosynthesis and infection, allergic response.
arresting cell abdominal pain, Observe patient
wall assembly flatulence, for signs and
resulting in ptyalism, symptoms of
bacterial cell indigestion, anaphylaxis
death. mouth ulcers, (rash, pruritus,
thirst, laryngeal edema,
dyspepsia, wheezing).
stomach Discontinue the
cramps, drug and notify
diarrhoea; physician or

Kristian Dave Diva, SN Page 1

 decreased Hb other health care
and professional
haematocrit, immediately if
thrombocytosis, these symptoms
lymphocytosis, occur. Keep
haemolytic thromepinephrin
anaemia, e, an
increased antihistamine,
prothrombin and resuscitation
time equipment close
by in the event of
an anaphylactic
reaction.
Instruct patient
to report signs of
hypersensitivity.

Name of the Action Mechanism of Indication Side effects Contraindicati Nursing

drug, dose action on Responsibilities
and
frequency

Kristian Dave Diva, SN Page 1

Azithromycin Antiobiotics Azithromycin is Community- GI Known Assessment
(Zithromax) (Macrolides) a semisynthetic acquired disturbances, hypersensitivity
500 mg 1 tab azalide pneumonia, visual to azithromycin, History:
OD antibiotic. It Pelvic impairment and erythromycin, Hypersensitivity to
blocks inflammatory irritation; any macrolide or azithromycin,
transpeptidation disease, Skin deafness, ketolide erythromycin, or
by binding to and soft tissue dizziness, antibiotic. any macrolide
50s ribosomal infections, headache, Coadministratio antibiotic;
subunit of Respiratory fatigue, n w/ pimozide. gonorrhea or
susceptible tract infections, anorexia, History of syphilis,
organisms and Prophylaxis of paraesthesia, cholestatic pseudomembranou
disrupting RNA- disseminated dysgeusia, jaundice/hepatic s colitis, hepatic or
dependent Mycobacterium nasal dysfunction renal impairment,
protein avium complex congestion, associated w/ lactation
synthesis at the (MAC) infections sinusitis, facial prior use of
chain elongation swelling, azithromycin. Physical: Site of
step. periocular infection; skin
swelling, color, lesions;
pruritus, rash, orientation, GI
urticaria, output, bowel
arthralgia, sounds, liver
vaginitis; inj evaluation; culture
site pain, and sensitivity tests
inflammation; of infection,
decreased urinalysis, liver and
lymphocyte renal function tests
count and blood
bicarbonate.

Name of the Action Mechanism of Indication Side effects Contraindication Nursing

drug, dose action Responsibiliti

Kristian Dave Diva, SN Page 1

 and es
frequency
Exigo 24mg 1 Antivertigo Betahistine acts Meniere's Rash, pruritus, Phaeochromocytoma. Supervision of
tablet BID as both partial disease. Stevens- ambulation,
histamine H1- Johnson particularly with
receptor agonist syndrome, the older adult,
and histamine urticaria, since drug may
H3-receptor dyspepsia, cause
antagonist in nausea, drowsiness
neuronal tissue. headache, .
It improves the confusion, Assess
microcirculation convulsions, effectiveness of
in the labyrinth, drowsiness, drug and inform
thus reducing hallucination, physician when
endolymphatic paraesthesia, prescribed for
pressure. hypotension vertigo; dosage
(including adjustment may
orthostatic and be required.
postural),
tachycardia,
abdominal
distension and
pain, bloating,
peptic ulcer,
vomiting,
dyspnoea.

Name of the Action Mechanism of Indication Side effects Contraindicati Nursing

drug, dose action on Responsibiliti

Kristian Dave Diva, SN Page 1

 and es
frequency
Berudual 1 Antiasthmatic Ipratropium Prevention & Fine tremor of Hypertrophic Monitor
puff Q4H & COPD bromide is a treatment of skeletal muscles, obstructive therapeutic
Preparations quaternary symptoms in nervousness, cardiomyopathy, effectiveness
ammonium chronic restlessness, tachyarrhythmia which is
compound with obstructive palpitations; less s. indicated by
anticholinergic airway frequently Hypersensitivity significant
(parasympatholytic disorders w/ tachycardia, to atropine-like subjective
) properties. In reversible dizziness or substances or improvement in
preclinical studies, airflow headache. Dry soya lecithin or pulmonary
it inhibits vagally limitation eg mouth, throat related food function within
mediated reflexes bronchial irritation or allergic products (for 6090 min after
by antagonizing asthma & esp reactions, cough, MDI only). drug
the action of chronic paradoxical administration.
acetylcholine, the bronchitis w/ or bronchoconstrictio
transmitter agent w/o n (rare). Urinary Monitor for:
released from the emphysema. retention may S&S of fine
vagus nerve. occur in particular, tremor in
Anticholinergics in patients w/ fingers, which
prevent the preexisting outflow may interfere
increase in tract obstruction. with precision
intracellular handwork; CNS
concentration of stimulation,
cyclic guanosine particularly in
monophosphate children 26 y,
(cyclic GMP) (hyperactivity,
caused by excitement,
interaction of nervousness,
acetylcholine with insomnia),
the muscarinic tachycardia, GI
receptor on symptoms.
bronchial smooth Report promptly

Kristian Dave Diva, SN Page 1

 muscle. to physician.

Lab tests:
Periodic ABGs,
pulmonary
functions, and
pulse oximetry.

Consult
physician about
giving last
albuterol dose
several hours
before bedtime,
if drug-induced
insomnia is a
problem.

Name of the Action Mechanism of Indication Side effects Contraindicati Nursing

drug, dose and action on Responsibilitie
frequency s
Furosemide 20 Diuretics Furosemide Acute Hyponatraemia, Hypersensitivity History: Allergy
mg IV Now inhibits pulmonary hypochloraemic to furosemide to furosemide,
reabsorption of oedema, alkalosis, and sulfonamides,

Kristian Dave Diva, SN Page 1

 Na and Cl Oedema hypokalaemia, sulfonamides. tartrazine;
mainly in the associated with headache, Anuria or renal electrolyte
medullary heart failure, drowsiness, failure, depletion.
portion of the Hypertension, muscle cramps, Addison's diabetes
ascending loop hypotension, dry disease, mellitus;
of Henle. mouth, thirst, hypovolaemia or
Excretion of K weakness, dehydration, Physical: Skin
and ammonia is lethargy, precomatose color, lesions,
also increased restlessness, state associated edema;
while uric acid oliguria, GI w/ liver cirrhosis. orientation,
excretion is disturbances, reflexes,
reduced. It hypovolaemia, hearing; pulses,
increases dehydration, baseline ECG,
plasma-renin hyperuricaemia, BP, orthostatic
activity, plasma- acute BP, perfusion; R,
norepinephrine generalised pattern,
and plasma- exanthematous adventitious
arginine- pustulosis, drug sounds;
vasopressin rash w/ CBC, serum
concentrations. eosinophilia electrolytes
(including
calcium), blood
sugar, LFTs,
renal function
tests, uric acid,
urinalysis,
weight

Name of the Action Mechanism of Indication Side effects Contraindicati Nursing

drug, dose and action on Responsibilitie
frequency s
Diltiazem SA Calcium relaxes coronary Cardiac Headache, Sick-sinus Check BP and

Kristian Dave Diva, SN Page 1

90 mg 1 tab Antagonists vascular arrhythmias, hypotension, syndrome, pre- ECG before
OD muscles and Angina pectoris, dizziness, existing 2nd- or initiation of
coronary Hypertension fatigue, flushing, 3rd-degree AV therapy and
vasodilation by ankle oedema, block, marked monitor
inhibiting influx mood bradycardia, particularly
of Ca ions disturbances, AV acute MI and during dosage
during block, pulmonary adjustment
depolarisation of bradycardia, GI congestion, period.
the vascular disturbances severe
smooth muscles (e.g. anorexia, hypotension or Lab tests: Do
and nausea, cardiogenic baseline and
myocardium. It vomiting, shock. IV: Atrial periodic liver
also inhibits constipation, flutter or AF w/ and renal
cardiac diarrhoea, taste accessory function tests.
conduction, disturbances, wt bypass tract
particularly at gain), gingival (e.g. Wolff- Monitor for and
the SA and AV hyperplasia, Parkinson-White report S&S of
nodes; increases rashes, syndrome), CHF.
myocardial erythema ventricular
oxygen delivery. multiforme, tachycardia. Monitor for
exfoliative Concomitant headache. An
dermatitis, admin w/ IV - analgesic may
acute blockers. be required.
generalised
exanthematous
pustulosis,
photosensitivity

Name of the Action Mechanism of Indication Side effects Contraindicati Nursing

drug, dose action on Responsibilitie

Kristian Dave Diva, SN Page 1

and frequency s
Nexpro 40mg Antacids, Esomeprazole is GERD: Erosive Headache; Hypersensitivity Monitor for S&S
1 tab BID AC Antireflux the S-isomer of reflux abdominal pain, to esomeprazole of adverse CNS
Agents & omeprazole and esophagitis, constipation, or substituted effects (vertigo,
Antiulcerants reduces gastric Prevention of diarrhoea, benzimidazoles. agitation,
acid secretion gastric & flatulence, depression)
through a specific duodenal ulcer nausea/vomiting especially in
targeted associated w/ . severely ill
mechanism of NSAID therapy patients.
action. It is a in patients at
specific inhibitor risk, In Monitor
of the acid pump combination w/ phenytoin levels
in the parietal cell. appropriate with concurrent
Both the R and S- antibacterial use.
isomer of regimens for H.
omeprazole have pylori Monitor INR/PT
similar eradication, with concurrent
pharmacodynamic prevention of warfarin use.
activity. relapse of
peptic ulcer w/ Lab tests:
H. pylori- Periodic liver
associated ulcer function tests,
disease CBC, Hct & Hbg,
urinalysis for
hematuria and
proteinuria.

Name of the Action Mechanism of Indication Side effects Contraindicati Nursing Responsibilities
drug, dose action on
and
frequency
Kalium Electrolytes Potassium plays Hypokalemia Nausea, Renal Assessment

Kristian Dave Diva, SN Page 1

Durule 1 a major role in a . Prophylaxis vomiting, insufficiency, History: Allergy to
tab BID number of during diarrhea, hyperkalemia, tartrazine, aspirin;
physiological treatment w/ abdominal untreated severe renal
processes like diuretics. discomfort, GI Addison's impairment;
the maintenance obstruction, disease, untreated Addisons
of intracellular GI bleeding, constriction of disease; hyperkalemi
tonicity, the GI ulceration the esophagus a; adynamia
transmission of or perforation &/or obstructive episodica hereditaria;
nerve impulses, changes in the acute dehydration;
the renal function alimentary heat cramps, GI
and the tract. disorders that cause
contraction of delay in passage in
cardiac, skeletal the GI tract, cardiac
and smooth disorders, lactation
muscle. Physical: Skin color,
Potassium lesions, turgor;
depletion may injection sites; P,
occur when the baseline ECG; bowel
loss through sounds, abdominal
renal excretion examination; urinary
and/or the loss output;
from the serum electrolytes,
gastrointestinal serum bicarbonate
tract exceeds the
potassium intake.

Kristian Dave Diva, SN Page 1