Air Traffic Control

Air Navigation

Emmanuel FUCHS
THALES ATM
Air Traffic Management
 Airways

Military Area Route

Corridor

Military Area Military Area

 Airways

Military Area Route

Corridor

Military Area Military Area

 Corridor

Flying at 900 Km/h in a corridor is like

driving a Ferrari at a speed of 200 km/h
on highway with a black windscreen.
Corridor

Horizontal Separation
Vertical Separation
Highway Analogy : inserting traffic
Highway Analogy : inserting traffic
 Navigation
Surveillance
Navigation : AIR Railway track

Navigation Aids
 Navaids
NDB : Non Directional Beacon
VOR : VHF Omni Range
DME : Distance Measuring Equipment
RNAV : Radio NAVigation.
ILS : Instrument Landing System
INS : Inertial Navigation System
Satellites
A flight
Automatic Flight Management
 Airways and NDB

Military Area Route

Corridor
NDB

NDB

Military Area NDB Military Area

NDB
NDB
NDB
Direction Finder (NDB)

N
33 3

30

6
W

E
24

12
21 15

S
Direction Finder (NDB)

N
33 3

30

6
W

E
24

12
21 15

S
NDB
Direction Finder (NDB)

N
33 3

30

6
NDB

E
24

12
21 15

S
 Navaids
NDB : Non Directional Beacon
VOR : VHF Omni Range
DME : Distance Measuring Equipment
RNAV : Radio NAVigation.
ILS : Instrument Landing System
INS : Inertial Navigation System
Satellites
A flight
Automatic Flight Management
 VOR (VHF Omni Range)

VOR
= 0

= 270 = 90
VOR/DME
VOR
VOR Radial
0
350 10
340 20
330 30
320 40
Radial 50
310 50

300 60

290 70

280 80

270 90

260 100

250 110
Radial 110
240 120

230 130

Radial 230 220 140

210 150
200 160
190 170
180

Radial 180
 VOR Radial vs Course Heading 50,
0 inbound on the 50 radial
350 10
340 20
330 30
320 40

310 50
Radial 50
300 60

290 70

280 80

270 90

260 100
VOR/DME

Radial 230 250 110

240 120

230 130

220 140
210 150
200 160
190 170
180

Heading 50, inbound on the 230 radial

 VOR Receiver
Course Deviation Indicator (CDI)
TO/FROM Indicator (CDI)

N
33 3

30

6
TO
Flags
W

E
24

12
21 15
OBS
S
Course Selector
Omni-Bearing Selector (OBS)
CDI deviations

N
360

OBS = 360

VOR/DME

180
CDI deviations and TO/FROM indications

N
360 TO

VOR/DME

180
Course
OBS = 360
CDI deviations and TO/FROM indications

FROM

N
360

VOR/DME

Course
180 OBS = 360
CDI deviations
TO

N
360

180
Course
OBS = 30
CDI deviations
TO

N
360

VOR/DME

180
Course
OBS = 30
CDI deviations

N
360

VOR/DME
330
TO
180

270
FROM
 Navaids
NDB : Non Directional Beacon
VOR : VHF Omni Range
DME : Distance Measuring Equipment
RNAV : Radio NAVigation.
ILS : Instrument Landing System
INS : Inertial Navigation System
Satellites
A flight
Automatic Flight Management
 DME
(Distance Measuring Equipment)

DME

3.0 136 1

Distance NM Speed KT Time Mn

 NAVAIDS : En-route Applications

VOR with DME

VOR with DME

NDB
 Navaids
NDB : Non Directional Beacon
VOR : VHF Omni Range
DME : Distance Measuring Equipment
RNAV : Radio NAVigation.
ILS : Instrument Landing System
INS : Inertial Navigation System
Satellites
A flight
Automatic Flight Management
 RNAV with VOR (VHF Omni Range)
and DME (Distance Measuring Equipment)

Vor/DME 2
Vor/Dme 1 Heading

A2 D2
A1
D1
 RNAV with VOR (VHF Omni Range)
and DME (Distance Measuring Equipment)

Vor/DME 2
Vor/Dme 1 Heading

A1
A2 D2
A1
D1
 RNAV with VOR (VHF Omni Range)
and DME (Distance Measuring Equipment)

Vor/DME 2
Vor/Dme 1 Heading

D2

D1
 RNAV with VOR (VHF Omni Range)
and DME (Distance Measuring Equipment)

Vor/DME 2
Vor/Dme 1 North

D1 D2
 Airways and VOR/DME

VOR/DME
Military Area Route
VOR/DME

VOR/DME
Corridor

VOR/DME

Military Area Military Area

VOR/DME
VOR/DME
RNAV : VORTAC

WayPoint
 Navaids
NDB : Non Directional Beacon
VOR : VHF Omni Range
DME : Distance Measuring Equipment
RNAV : Radio NAVigation.
ILS : Instrument Landing System
INS : Inertial Navigation System
Satellites
A flight
Automatic Flight Management
 ILS : Instrument Landing System

ILS GP
ILS Localizer

LS

Glide Path
 ILS receptor (like VOR)

Localizer indicator

Glide Path indicator

O M I
Glide slope Needle
ILS Localizer needle
 ILS Marker Beacon
Outer Marker : OM
Middle Marker : MM
Inner Marker : IM

IM MM OM

O M I
ILS Marker Compass Locator

NDB
 ILS ground equipments

ILS-LOC

ILS-GS

NDB

VOR/DME
 ILS ground
equipments

ILS GlideSlope

ILS-LOC

ILS-GS

VOR/DME

ILS Marker (OM/MM)

DME
VOR Course
ILS Localizer
ILS vs VOR deviation
 NAVAIDS : Approach

DVOR/TACAN
Solar-powered VOR

NDB

DME

ILS-GP

ILS-LOC

Marker

VOR MLS

MAGS

GBAS
 Navaids
NDB : Non Directional Beacon
VOR : VHF Omni Range
DME : Distance Measuring Equipment
RNAV : Radio NAVigation.
ILS : Instrument Landing System
INS : Inertial Navigation System
Satellites
A flight
Automatic Flight Management
 INS : Inertial Navigation System and Oceanic Control

Separation = 10 mn

14 h 00 (GMT)

8 h 00 (GMT)

60 NM

FL = 280 - 370

Report each 10
 Navaids
NDB : Non Directional Beacon
VOR : VHF Omni Range
DME : Distance Measuring Equipment
RNAV : Radio NAVigation.
ILS : Instrument Landing System
INS : Inertial Navigation System
Satellites
A flight
Automatic Flight Management
Satellite Navigation
Satellite Navigation
 Navaids
NDB : Non Directional Beacon
VOR : VHF Omni Range
DME : Distance Measuring Equipment
RNAV : Radio NAVigation.
ILS : Instrument Landing System
INS : Inertial Navigation System
Satellites
A flight
Automatic Flight Management
 Flight Plan

Roissy Charles de Gaulle : LFPG

ORLY : LFPO
Airport Chart : LFPG
Airport Chart : LFPO
Approach Charts
ILS profile
Departure Charts
 Flight Plan

LFPG: runway 9, Heading 89

LFPO: runway 26, Heading 258, ILS 111.75
MHz, NDB 349 KHz
LPPO: VOR 111,2 MHz
Coulommiers, VOR 112,9 MHz
 The route

NDB

9L

LFPG

CLM
PARIS VOR

LFPO
25 258
NDB
VOR
The Cockpit
 Navaids
NDB : Non Directional Beacon
VOR : VHF Omni Range
DME : Distance Measuring Equipment
RNAV : Radio NAVigation.
ILS : Instrument Landing System
INS : Inertial Navigation System
Satellites
A flight
Automatic Flight Management
FMS : Flight Management System
FMS : Flight Management System
FMS : Flight Management System
FMS : Flight Management System