CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1. GENERAL
1.1 INTRODUCTION

This project deals with planning and design of a PLANNING ANALYSIS AND
DESIGN OF AN INTEGRATED BUS STAND BUILDING. This project describes
planning, structural analysis, design and drawings with various components and approximate
cost of the whole building. The proposed site is located at village side. It is provided for vertical
and horizontal movement between the floors. , waiting hall, office room, emergency clinic,
medical shop, clock room, store, bakery, rest room. Concrete grade used in slab, column, beam is
M20. High strength deformed bars are used for both column for reinforcement. Design of all
structural members conforms to IS: 456- 2000.
The primary aim of all structural design is to ensure that the structure will perform
satisfactorily during its design life. Specifically, the designer must check that the structure is
capable of carrying the loads safely and that it will not deform excessively due to the applied
loads. This requires the designer to make realistic estimates of the strengths of the materials
composing the structure and the loading to which it may be subject during its design life.
Furthermore, the designer will need a basic understanding of structural behavior.

1.1.1 BUILDING COMPONENTS

CLEANING THE SITE:

The proposed area is to be cleaned of all unwanted materials. Plan rubbish,all kinds as
trees etc. are at site.

MARKING OF CENTRE LINES:

The centre line of the building is marked according to the plan prepared for the
construction.

EARTH WORK EXCAVATION:

 As the construction is framed structure pits are dogged for the construction of columns.
The depth of excavation is 1.6 m below the ground level. The safe bearing Capacity of soil is 150
kN/m2.

FOUNDATION:
The first layer of PCC 1:4:8 is laid for 0.2m thick as base layer. Over this the
reinforcement for the footing of column is provide and over this the foundation Concrete is laid
of RCC 1:1.5:3 rectangular footings. The size of isolated footing is 1.5m x 1.5m for a depth of
0.20m.

FILLING:
The open area is filled with excavated soil.

SAND FILLING:
Sand filling is done for a depth of 0.6 m with river sand

FLOORING:
The flooring is laid with concrete 1:3:6 for 150mm thick.

FLOOR FINISH:
The floor finisher with mosaic titles for 20mm thick.

SUPER STRUCTURE:
The super structure is build with bricks of first class in cm 1:5 carried up to parapet wall,
the thickness is of 200mm thick.

DOOR AND WINDOW:

The glazed door is used . the glazed window is used.

LINTEL:
The lintel over door ,windows are in R.C.C. 1:1.5:3 mix with reinforcement Using the
number of rods arrived as per design.

SUN SHADE:
The sun shade will be cash monolithic with the lintel for windows.the projection of
sunshade is 0.6m from the wall.
COLUMNS:
The column is cast in R.C.C. 1:1.5:3 mix of size 300 x 300mm.
BEAM:
The beam is cast in R.C.C. 1:1.5:3 mix of size of beam provided are the beams are
constructed to connect the columns.

PLASTERING:
The interior exterior and ceiling will be plastered with CM 1:4,12mm thick.

WEATHERING COURSE:
The weathering course will be providing in brick jelly lime . concrete for 50mm thick.

WHITE WASHING AND COLOUR WASHING:

The white washing two coat and colour washing two coats.

PAINTING:
The painting is used for door and windows.

1.2 SCOPE

This project includes analysis, design and detailing of R.C.C columns, beams, slab
footing. By using software like STAAD Pro and MS Office and Detailing of basic elements of
hospital infrastructure is done using AUTOCAD.
And the primary aim of all structural design is to ensure that the structure will perform
satisfactorily during its design life. Specifically, the designer must check that the structure is
capable of carrying the loads safely and that it will not deform excessively due to the applied
loads. This requires the designer to make realistic estimates of the strengths of the materials
composing the structure and the loading to which it may be subject during its design life.
Furthermore, the designer will need a basic understanding of structural behavior.

1.3 OBJECTIVES

To create and improve infrastructure for modern bus terminals.

To introduce computerized transport management system.
 To provide affordable, safe and sustainable passenger transport services to the public.
Human resources development.

1.3.1 NEED OF PROJECT

To reduce the traffic flow in the city.

Increasing the population.
Public uses.
To connect the city.
1.4 METHODOLOGY FLOW CHART

Fig 1.3 Methodology