Research Report

RESEARCH
PR
OJECT
Research Report

SUBMITTED TO:-
M
RS. FOUZIA ALI

SUBMITTED BY:-

NAME
ROLL NO

WAJEEH-UR-REHMAN 923

SAKHAWAT ALI 888

ALI NADEEM 883
FARHAN KHAN 928
UMER SALEEM
919
AHMAD ABDULLAH 893

CLASS 5 TH

SMESTER D “AFTERNOON”
Research Report

HAILEY COLLEGE OF COMMERCE

Research Report

TABLE OF CONTENTS:

• Letter of authorization
• Introduction of LESCO
Observation
• Preliminary data gathering
 Interviewing
 Literature survey
• Problem definition
• Theoretical framework
• Generation of Hypothesis
• Data collection
• Analysis and interpretation
• Deduction
Conclusions
 Recommendations
• Appended box
 Questionnaire
 Interview outline
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INTRODUCTION
History
WAPDA

The electricity supply service in Pakistan, initially, was undertaken by different agencies, both in
public and private sectors, in different areas. In order to provide for the unified and coordinated
development of the water and power resources, Water and Power Development Authority
(WAPDA) was created in 1958 through WAPDA Act, 1958.

AREA ELECTRICITY BOARD LAHORE

The local areas electricity distribution service was being performed by various Regions of
WAPDA. Then the Area Electricity Board (AEB) Lahore, on the eight AEBs in Pakistan, was
established under the scheme of Area Electricity Boards in 1982, in order to provide more
autonomy and representation to provincial government, elected representatives, industrialists,
agriculturalists and other interest groups in functions of the AEBs.

LESCO

The environment and structure of the power industry throughout the world are undergoing
dramatic change. The power sector is moving from monopoly to privatization and from
integration to disintegration. To keep pace with this change, the Government of Pakistan
approved a Strategic Plan in 1994 as a consequence of which the power wing of WAPDA has
been unbundled into 12 Companies for generation, transmission and distribution of electricity.

Lahore Area Electricity Board was reorganized into one such corporatized entity under the name
of Lahore Electric Supply Company (LESCO) with effect from 22-03-1998, with the aim of
commercialization and eventually privatization.

Area of Operation

LESCO's area of responsibility covers Civil Districts of Lahore, Kasur, Okara and Sheikhupura.

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF LESCO

LESCO comprises of the following six distribution Operation Circles, one Construction and one
GSO Circle, as detailed below

Operation Circles

1. North Lahore Circle 5 Divisions / 25 Sub Divisions

2. Central Lahore Circle 5 Divisions /26 Sub Divisions

3. Eastern Lahore Circle 4 Divisions /20 Sub Divisions

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4. Okara Circle 4 Divisions / 20 Sub Divisions

5. South-Eastern LHR Circle 4 Divisions /21 Sub Divisions

6. Sheikhupura Circle 5 Divisions / 29 Sub Divisions

7. Kasur Circle 4 Divisions / 18 Sub Divisions

Project Construction Circle 4 Divisions

OBSERVATION
W

e observes that from past few years people are

not satisfied from management of LESCO.

 PRELIMINARY DATA GATHERING

A

fter talking to public we identified that people are

not satisfied because of electricity, due to shortage
of electricity people are having a great loss in their
business and daily task.
We immediately uses the internet to explore
further information on the problem of electricity
that what people think and how they react about
the problem of electricity.

More Load Shedding

Through the country, the load shedding is on all
time high, and the unannounced schedule has
really ripped apart the people from Lahore. Severe
load shedding in Rawalpindi, Islamabad, Karachi,
Quetta, Peshawar and other cities has badly
affected daily life. Offices, colleges, schools,
factories, shops and businesses are the worst
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affected.
The duration of load shedding has reached 16
hours. People are suffering due to continuous load
shedding, which is taking place after every hour for
3 hours and the management of LESCO has failed
to overcome the problem. Electricity shortage in
the country has reached to the tune of over 4500
MW. The hot and humid weather added to the
miseries of the people, not only affecting routine
life but also paralyzing business activities.

According to an estimate, there are 10,000

factories in Lahore, among which approximately
30-40 percent factories have been closed because
of load shedding. These factories were utilizing
electricity and sui gas in a huge amount. In these
factories, plastic molding, rubber articles, leather
garments, cotton, iron-made goods, and many
other things were being produced.

According to the labour department sources,

approximately 800,000 labourers have been
dispelled from their jobs. While, 400,000 to
800,000 labourers were receiving less wage. “The
owners have finished the overtime facility because
of load shedding and this was increasing our
hardships,” said Mubarak, a worker at Band Road..
Due to load shading employees turnover also
increase
Public Reactions or Intrigue Against PDA
When the angry mob of people, who were ill at
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ease with the 18-hours load shedding without any
respite and relief, attacked the office of Multan
Electric Power Corporation, government termed it
an intrigue against it. The government sources
said that the way this incident was flared up and
made violent in the city of Prime

Food Crisis in Pakistan

The calls for “Atta” from all quarters of the society

are rising to a chorus. Due to the food shortage in
Pakistan, the new government of Pakistan
Democratic Alliance is all set to become a glutton
for punishment and humiliation in very near future.
Though it would be unfair to blame them for the
looming

EFFECT OF LAOD SHEDDING ON STUDENTS

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Because of maximum load shedding hours
students are facing many problems in their studies,
it effects their daily study schedule, due to load
shedding they cant give proper time to their
studies especially in exams, which affect their
result.

In this year overall result of students affect badly

due to load shedding e.g:- this year matric and
inter result .

 PROBLEM DEFINITION
How LESCO can face the electricity
crisis
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 THEORATICAL FRAMEWORK

A
fter observing above problems we interpret
that due to load shedding we are facing
food crisis as most of the flour factories are
closed, low wages and high turnover of employees
as the profit rate is low because factories are
working inefficiently due to electricity problem
and this result in shutdown of factories 30-40%,
due to unannounced schedule public is showing
aggressive attitude towards LESCO, cost of
production is increased and economy is facing
inflation.

 GENERATION OF HYPOTHESIS
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Govt should take effective actions to reduce
electricity crisis

 DATA ANALYSIS AND

INTERPRETATION:-

ANALYSIS

Questions Agre Neut Disag

e ral ree

Cut down of electricity is savage of 41% 11% 48%

electricity?

Who are mostly a. Househ 74 11 15

effected by cut old
down of
electricity? b. Busines 84 9 7
s

c. Student 80.4 2.17 17.39

s 3

Who us a) WAPDA 43.4 26.0 30.43

responsible? 7 8

b)Government 89 4 7

c) Ourselves 22 26 52

Are you satisfied from 4 9 87

government behbehavior about
electricity problem?
Which time is Day 24 4 72
suitable? Time
Nightti 43 11 46
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me

All the a. Shortage of 43 22 35

crises of jjj water
electricity
are are due to: b. Mismanage 74 15 11
ment
c. Misused 54 17.3 28
9

Growing 39 26 35
population
Em Employees of Lesco response 15.2 17.3 67.39
quickly to your complaints 1 9

I a I am using electricity with 70 17 13

moderation
In y In Your a. Factories 74 13 13
opinion llllllwhich
sector is b. Shopping Mall 78 9 13
jjjjjjconsuming
more c.Educational 30.4 28.2 41.30
jjjjjjelectricity: sector 3 6

What type of Lack of 48 19 33

problem machinery
faced by
LESCO in Lack of finance 76 9 15
producing
electricity Lack of staff 19 33 48

Is elIs ectronic media is helpful for 80.4 4.34 15.21

public jjjjjjawareness for use of 3
electricity
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Who are mostly effected by cut down of electricity?

Who us responsible?
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Which time is suitable for cut down of electricity?

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All the crises of electricity are due to:

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In Your opinion which sector is consuming more

electricity:

What type of problem faced by LESCO in

producing electricity
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 DEDUCTION:-

Based on the result on data analysis we conclude

that Government should take effective steps to
reduce electricity crisis this deduction help the
LESCO to solve electricity problem,

POSSIBLE SOLUTION: -

the government's Water and Power Development

Authority develop coal generation, adding Pakistan
cannot "solely depend on the private sector,
[which] wants everything developed" for them.

More nuclear plants and dams are other options

often put forward while others tout solar and wind
power.

With power needed immediately, wind farms look

good because they are relatively fast to install
whereas dams and nuclear power plants take five
to six years to complete and thermal power plants
a couple of years at least, he said.

The WWF erected three 500-watt windmills in a

rural area of the south-western province of Sindh.
Each windmill cost about 1,000 dollars, including
installation, and provides electricity to homes that
never had it before.
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"It's a small project to show wind works,"

the country would need at least 6 million more of

those windmills to meet the electricity shortfalls it
is experiencing in early April.

Pakistan should also build more nuclear plants and

dams.

"There is money to be made, no doubt about it," .

"We need people to come and invest in
independent power producers here."

"We are at the point that people really need to

act," he said.

 APPENDED BOX

QUESTIONN
AIRE
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GENDER________
AGE_________
DEPT______________________
_____

WE WANT TO CONDUCT A RESEARCH ON SHORTAGE OF

ELECTRICITY. WHAT WOULD BE YOUR OPINION ABOUT
FOLLOWING STATEMENTS?

Electric energy can be save by cut down of electricity

for some hours in a day.

Who are mostly effected by cut down of electricity?

a. Households Agree
Agree Neutral
Neutral Disagree
Disagree

b. Business Agree Neutral Disagree

c. Students Agree Neutral Disagree

Who are responsible for electricity crises?

a. Government Agree Neutral Disagree
Agree Neutral Disagree
Agree Neutral Disagree
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b. Lesco

c. Ourselves

Are you satisfied from government behavior about

electricity problem?
Agree Neutral Disagree

Which time is suitable for cut down of electricity?

a. Day time Agree Neutral Disagree
b. Night time Agree Neutral Disagree

All the crises of electricity are due to:

d. Shortage of water Agree Neutr Disagree
al
e. Mismanagement
Agree Neutr Disagre
f. Misused al e
g. Growing
Agree Neutral Disagre
population
e
Agre Neutral Disagre
e e

Employees of Lesco response quickly to your

complaints
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Agree Neutral Disagre
e

I am using electricity with moderation

Agree Neutral Disagre
e

In your opinion which sector is consuming more

electricity:
a. Factories Agree Neutr Disagree
al
b. Shopping Mall
Agree Neutr Disagre
c. Educational sector al e
Agree Neutr Disagre
al e

What type of problem faced by Lesco in producing

electricity
a. Lack of Agree Neutr Disagree
machinery al
Agree Neutr Disagre
al e
b. Lack of finance
Agree Neutr Disagre
al e
c. Lack of Staff
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Is electronic media is helpful for public awareness for
use of electricity
Agree Neutr Disagre
al e

How we can overcome the problem of shortage of

electricity?
Or
What would be your opinion to overcome the problem
of shortage of electricity?

 INTERVIEW OUTLINE: -

 What problems are facing by you?

 What steps you are taking to control
load shedding?
 Is government giving you any incentive
or helping you in solving electricity
problem?
 What steps do you take to satisfy your
customers?
 What problem you are facing in
generating electricity?
 Are you implementing Government
Policies?
 Do load shedding covers the deficiency
of electricity?
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 What is your opinion to overcome the
problem?