Date: 26./04.

/2017

CHEM 110 GENERAL CHEMISTRY

LABORATORY REPORT
Students;

Number

Name-Surname

Group Number
Experiments;
26.04.2017
Date
Experiment 5 Specifying Limiting Agent
Name
Instructors;
Name-Surname

1. Aim of Experiment:
The aim of the experiment is specifying limiting agent and observation of colour change
in a chemical reaction.

2. Procedure:
2.1. Material (s):
Glass funnel, Glass stirring rod. Filter paper, Lead acetate trihydrate solution, Potassium
iodide solution, Universal support, Metallic ring with walnut, beaker, graduated cylinder,
Erlenmeyer flask.

2.2. Method (s):

First, we took lead acetate trihydrate from bottle then we mix with 100 ml distilled water
and 1.6 g lead acetate trihydrate in first Erlenmeyer flask. Later, we took Potassium
iodide from own bottle then we mix again with 100 ml distilled water and 2 g Potassium
iodide in second Erlenmeyer flask. Thus, we obtained two solutions and both are
colourless. We took 50 ml of lead acetate trihydrate solution with Glass stirring rod from
first Erlenmeyer flask and we add in beaker then we took 30 ml Potassium iodide
solution with Glass stirring rod from second Erlenmeyer flask. Finally, we mixed both
solution in beaker. As a result, with reaction between Potassium iodide and Lead acetate
trihydrate, the mixture immediately turned from colourless to dark yellow.

3. Results and Discussion:

The chemical reaction which occurs can be expressed as:

X
Lead acetate trihydrate + Potassium iodide = Lead iodide + Potassium nitrate
Pb(CH3COO)2.3H2O + 2 KI PbI2 + 2 CH3COOK + 3 H2O

What is limiting agent?

When there is not enough of one reactant in a chemical reaction, the reaction stops
abruptly. To figure out the amount of product produced, it must be determined reactant
will limit the chemical reaction. The limiting agent is the reactant that is completely used
up in a reaction, and thus determines when the reaction stops.

To find limiting agent in this reaction we need to do calculation:

Mw(LA) =379.33 g/mol, Mw(KI) =166 g/mol, Mw(PbI2) =461.01 g/mol
M(LA) = 1.6 g, M(KI) =2 g
N(LA) = 1.6 g / 379.33 g = (4.21 * 10-3) * (50 ml / 100 ml) = 2.105 * 10-3 mol LA
N(KI)= 2g / 166g = 0.01 * (30 ml / 100 ml) = 3.61 * 10-3 mol KI

Pb(CH3COO)2.3H2O + 2 KI PbI2 + 2 CH3COOK + 3 H2O

Start: (2.105 * 10-3) (3.61 * 10-3)
Spent: (1.805 * 10-3) (3.61 * 10-3)
Produced: 0 0 (1.805 * 10-3) mol
Excess: (1.805 * 10-3) mol 0

Therefore, limiting agent is Potassium iodide (KI). At the end of reaction, we obtained
1.805 * 10-3 mol Lead iodide (PbI2). Since the new mixture is 80 millilitres in total, we
can calculate molar of (PbI2) in mixture.
Since;
M= n / V => (1.805 * 10-3) mol / 80*10-3 = 0. 022 Molar ( PbI2 ).

XI