BPlan 2017 Thesis Abstracts

School of Planning and Architecture,
Vijayawada
Department of Planning
Bachelor of Planning
Planning Project-II
Consolidated Abstracts
Batch-2013-17
Total Students- 26
Thesis Title: Assessment of Intra-city Domestic Water Demand Variation, Vijayawada
Student Name: Adithya Bandari
Registration Number: 2130200119
Water is a vital requirement for human survival. Water, being a basic need and with no
close substitute exhibits almost perfectly inelastic behaviour of demand with respect to
price. The consumption of water in Indian cities is affected by several spatial, locational,
socio-economic and demographic variables. However, the demand assessment or
forecasting in Indian cities generally does not consider multiple variables affecting the
consumption of water. Domestic water consumption, on an average accounts for 63 % of
the total water demanded in the Indian cities. Thus, making it the major sector of water
demand. The most predominantly used demand forecasting method in India is per capita
coefficient method, i.e. 135 lpcd according to CPHEEO. Nevertheless, the supply oriented
demand forecasting in Indian cities often leads to adjustment by the citizens or self-supply
through private sources of water. This thesis tries to document various spatial and non-
spatial components affecting the consumption of water in Vijayawada city, then propose a
demand forecasting model accounting the effective variables affecting the domestic water
consumption. The ineffective demand forecasting can result in improper location of water
infrastructure, management and pricing. Although, MOUD has prescribed SLBs for water
supply in Indian cities, the need for required demand forecasting is needed for effective
water management. Besides this, the SLB Handbook itself mentions that the per capita
consumption benchmark, i.e. 135 lpcd gives us the image of consumption at the whole city
level, and the intra-city variations are not recorded in this. Thus, this thesis tries to identify
the intra-city domestic water demand variation in Vijayawada, the city with current per
capita consumption of 147 lpcd.
Keywords: Domestic Water Demand, water consumption, service level benchmarks,

multi-variable regression
Thesis Title: Planning Strategies for Agriculture Sector, Madhubani, Bihar.
Student Name: Avinash Kumar
The study is based on agricultural sector and the application of planning strategies to
optimise agricultural growth. By giving a presentation of detailed data on the
characteristics of agricultural sector and application of analytical tools to identify causal
influences for agriculture. This study sheds lights on the sorts of measures required to
stimulate agriculture sector and gain the extent of its potential in Madhubani district of
Bihar. The absence of fair agricultural market, lack of post management and processing of
agro-foods, lack of adequate farming knowledge among farmers, poor water management
for irrigation and erratic climate condition all these factors make agriculture to grow
negatively. Therefore, the study concludes that there should be development of
Agriculture sector and their influencing factor (physiography, economic, social and
institutional) in an integrated manner, which can become a useful path for taking
agriculture and its potential in a desire way. Study also identifies some vulnerable blocks
of district whose performance to agriculture sector is comparatively lower than other
blocks, and given proposals accordingly to cope with agricultural performance by adopting
mix cropping system through traditional farming process. This study will help to get to
know the real issues related to agricultural sector in Madhubani district and suitable
measures to cope those issues.
Thesis Title: Planning for pedestrianization of one Town Area, Vijayawada.
Student Name: D Sravani
In most developing countries, cities have experienced a rapid growth in transport-related

challenges, including pollution, congestion, accidents, public transport decline,
environmental degradation, climate change, energy depletion, visual intrusion, mode shift
and lack of accessibility for the urban poor. Sometimes the same forces that draw
inhabitants to congregate in large urban areas also lead to intolerable levels of traffic
problems on urban streets and thoroughfares. Development Authorities and government
departments fail to act on the looming threat of heavy congestion until it happens. The
existing road infrastructure may not serve the future demands of population. Therefore we
are constantly in search of solutions to our transportation problems that will give us not
only increased mobility, but also greater economic productivity and a cleaner environment.
New road construction or road widening can temporarily relieve the demand but in the
long run it simply encourages further growth in car traffic through increased travel and a
switch away from public transport. In most of urban India walking is an unpleasant
experience. Streets are often overcrowded, footpaths are narrow and roads are difficult to
cross. In many areas there are not enough places to sit, inadequate protection from the
weather and footpaths are so crowded that pedestrians are forced into the road.
Vijayawada is one of the cities where the vehicular ownership is increasing at a high pace.
Thus the major road space is occupied by the motorized transport with minimal provision
of space for the non-motorized transport. The facilities for pedestrians and cyclists are in a
very poor condition. In a study of service level benchmarking carried out by MoUD (2012)
the Level of Service of pedestrian and bicycle facilities for Vijayawada is LoS E. The old
city area of Vijayawada, the one town area has the highest modal share of pedestrians i.e.
34% and the road space allotted to them is only 12%.The area is the major commercial
area accommodating the most visited whole sale market of Vijayawada i.e. K.R. market.
Though its a commercial area it does not have any foot paths and pedestrian
infrastructure facilities. Thus pedestrians are the most vulnerable road users in this area.
Hence my study identifies various issues faced by pedestrians in the old city area of
Vijayawada and analyze how these issues could be solved through appropriate
pedestrianization schemes. The study will be considering three types of pedestrianization
schemes:
1-Full time pedestrian streets: In this design arrival of vehicles into street is fully forbidden.
In most cases only emergency and service vehicles are allowed to enter.
2- Part-time Pedestrian Streets: Part-time pedestrian streets are those where vehicular
access is allowed only in specific periods. There is no on-street parking spaces allowed
but however loading bays are available.
3- Traffic Calming Streets: This type serves to reduce the dominance and speed of road
vehicles. There are no restrictions to vehicle access, but footpaths are widened and
parking spaces are reduced. Various traffic calming measures are used to slow down the
speed of vehicles. They include speed tables, narrower traffic lanes and use of different
road textures and colors to remind drivers that they are within traffic calming zones.
These schemes will be proposed depending upon the usage of roads by the pedestrians.
The final output of the study is to improve the pedestrian environment in consideration with
parking and urban design aspects, thus attracting more number of pedestrians to the
study area.
Thesis Title: Link Between Tenure Security And Slum Vulnerability Towards Eviction
Student Name: D Anjum
Eviction is the violence against the human laws, which involves removal of persons from
their homes or land. The displacement of a person from their land or homes can be from
variety of causes and mostly carried out for the development and infrastructure projects.
The eviction process not only agitate peoples entitlement towards tenure security and
freedom but also violates their access to public goods and basic services, human and
physical losses which are not at all remunerated by any resettlement or rehabilitation
schemes. As a result, the people being displaced are often left homeless without any
means of earning a livelihood and with no rational legal acts and policies. The census of
India of 2011, reveals that one in every six urban Indians that is 17.4% lives in a
dilapidated condition that means around 64 million people are living their lives in slums or
squatter or in a shanty towns.
The National Urban Housing and Habitat Policy 2007, acknowledges that, Quality of
housing stock in slums is extremely poor. An important reason for this is insecurity of
tenure. The national urban housing shortage for the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period (2012-
2017) is estimated to be 43.7 million, of which 90% is for below poverty line (BPL) families.
The Civil society organizations have estimated that since independence (1947), at least
65-70 million people have been displaced in India, as a result of such development
projects. The majority of those displaced have not received any resettlement or
rehabilitation benefits from the state. Between 2010 and 2015, information collated by
Housing and Land Rights III in India Report reveals that at least 49,000 families in urban
areas have been evicted forcefully from their homes. Such practices results in Destruction
of Housing stocks by state. In spite of legal tenure documents, forced evictions and threats
are the most common and major issue for slum dwellers and displaced families do not
have any remedy and neither are policies and laws for protection of their human rights
being implemented.
The acute shortage of affordable housing; inadequate access to basic services; the
absence of legal security of tenure over housing and land; and, forced evictions and
displacement, are the critical issues affecting the urban and rural poor across the country.
Despite the prevalent inadequate living conditions, urban renewal programmes and
interventions aimed at creating slum free, world class cities; city beautification 'projects;
mega events have resulted in an increase in forced evictions and demolitions of informal
settlements in cities and towns, most often without due process or regard for the law. The
thesis tries to demonstrate how security of tenure and degree of legality have an impact
on Forced Eviction.
The study will focus on the degree of tenure security of slums with different tenure
categories and correlating it with vulnerability to eviction. The thesis analysis the broader
social, economic and political aspects of slums that prompt vulnerability to eviction. The
thesis aims to study degree of tenure security of slums based on parameters of tenure
categories such as free holders, squatter, pavement dwellers, leaseholders etc. and their
range of rights. Vijayawada being the third most million plus city with the highest number
of slum household population that is 40% and 111 notified slums with 20 hazardous slums
and with diverse tenure categories fascinated me to select as my case study. Based on
Tenure categories, Development proposals and past eviction experiences total 8 slums of
Vijayawada were selected. The first objective of the study which is identifying the
parameters of tenure security and slum vulnerability to eviction is being achieved by
reviewing numerous literature study and also through primary survey of selected slums in
Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh. The primary survey and secondary data has been collected
for the assessment of degree of tenure security of slums based on parameters of tenure
categories and range of rights through Likert sale method and tried to analyze the link
between slum vulnerability and degree of tenure security. As based on the observations,
the thesis concludes by exploring the compilations and constraints of the slum dwellers
holding different tenureship status towards vulnerability to eviction, suggests a strategy
level framework towards reduction of forced evictions and Rehabilitation.
Thesis Title: Improving Ridership of Metro through Intermodal Integration
Student Name: J Kishore Kumar
Every city has the Increasing population functioning in it. People need to travel every
day for various purposes (Work, Education, Service access) People have two options,
Public Transport system and their own Private Transport Modes. Both of these have their
own advantages and Disadvantages. Private Transport modes provide comfort in various
aspects. Private Transport Modes give Privacy, Flexibility in terms of Routes (Coverage),
Low chances of Block of Flow, etc. Private Transport modes lead to high expenses,
increase in the Private Vehicles increase Traffic in the Roads. Private Transport Modes
increase Congestion on Roads, leading to Increased Journey Time and also increase in
the Air Pollution Levels in the Cities. People do not use the Public Transport Mode
because of the lack of facilities in the
Public transport system. Comfort level for the people inside the Public Transport Mode
(Bus) is very low. Management of the System is not proper. Buses are Limited to some
routes, Heavy crowded vehicles in the Peak hours because of insufficiency with the
number of buses provided. Condition of the Bus is also bad. There are also other public
modes like the Taxi, Local Trains, and also the Metro Rail. These modes are in separate
Tracks/routes. Also with specific Pickup and Drop Nodes. Modes like Metro Rail and Local
Trains have a hectic Ticketing process for which
people hesitate to prefer. Many people also travel in them without tickets, contributing to
the loss of the Government. All these issues are play negative role for the promotion of the
Public Transport use. Mobile Applications for Urban Local Trains Ticketing have been
introduced, but these are not effective as there exists a dependency of multiple modes for
most of the Journey Trips. This is the reason for people preferring Private Transport
modes. Intermodal services like, Feeder Bus services, Bicycle-Share, IPT and NMT
facilities can act as a facilitator for the service provision of the Trunk Railway systems.
Through integration of the modes at the five basic levels, Physical, Network, Fare,
Information and Institutional level integration, them exist a good chance of increased
performance of the Rail system and in turn reduction in the usage of the private modes.
This study tries to evaluate the Intermodal linkages at 3 major metro stations namely
Koyambedu, Alandur and Vadapalani metro stations by understanding the Behaviour of
the Commuters and calculations of Generalised cost of travel for various competing modal
routes between the two locations and predict the situation with the implemented
Intermodal connections. Intermodal connections of the interchanges will also be estimated
by understanding the modal choice behaviour of the variety of users namely existing metro
users, Private Vehicle users, Bus Passengers, IPT users. The study will aim for measures
for a good and efficient public transport system.
Thesis Title: Residential Development in Urban Fringes, Case study of Ramavarappadu
and Nidamanuru
Student Name: K Sridhar Achary
India is facing rapid urbanization. It leads to overcrowding in the cities ultimately causing
urban growth. Growth can be taken place in two directions, either in vertical or in
horizontal. Most of the Indian cities expand over space. As result of it, Urban Sprawl takes
place. When cities expand, prime agricultural land and habitats are transformed into land
for housing, roads, and industry (Saini, 2008). The current trend of spatial urban growth in
almost all Indian cities has a haphazard pattern, particularly the socioeconomic setting of
the urban-rural fringe areas. Occupational structure, density of population, literacy rate,
and sex ratio are the main components of demographic structure, which are directly
affected by the urban-rural interface. (Kamal Asif, Hifzur Rahman, 2013) The urban-rural
fringe is a continuous area that starts beyond the urban limits of cities. A more
comprehensive definition of urban fringe given by Herington (1984), describes the
distinctive characteristics that it is an area which is partly assimilated in the growing urban
complex, which is still partly rural and where many of the residents live in the countryside,
but are not socially and economically part of it. Urban fringes are having characteristics of
rural nature. But, in their transition stage from rural to urban the local people and their
needs (Residential & Occupational) are neglected. As the services available at those
places at a cheaper cost and land also available at larger plots, developers opt these
places. Rural structures are different from urban structures and there has a great
influence of urban structures on the rural structures in urban fringes. Master plans in India
do not stand for these fringe areas as they do not belong to its jurisdiction. But the impact
of the city will also be there on these areas. The DCRs of these areas also do not consider
the face of transformation. They have the common regulations for all the areas. These all
changes can be better understood if they are related to growth triggers. As these growth
triggers are the main concerns in the growth of any area. Case areas for the study are
Ramavarappadu and Nidamanuru. Ramavarappadu is adjacent to VMC boundary and
Nidamanuru is at a distance of 5 kilometers. Ramavarappadu is having annual population
growth rate of 7.04% and Nidamanuru has 2.34%. A comparative study of these two areas
on time scale of ten years can give a picture of how Nidamanuru is going to change in the
next few years. In order to prevent the haphazard growth in the fringe areas and to control
the residential development in those areas there is a requirement for a strong framework.
A logistic regression analysis is performed to understand the relation between the
residential development and various existing natural and built environments in the area. It
gives the various positive and negative relations among the parameters. As part of
proposals a residential zone is proposed to cater the future residential needs.
Thesis Title: Revisiting Cultural Tourism Prospects based on Predominant Art Forms of
Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh
Student Name: M Bala Eswari

Tourism is one of the fastest growing industries and a modern global phenomenon that
reflects the development of the society. Tourism involves cultural exchanges resulting in
cultural enrichment. Cultural tourism is gaining its importance from 20th century as 37% of
total tourist attractions are for cultural tourism aspects. On the other side, as the issue of
globalization takes place, challenge of preserving the few remaining cultural community
around the world is becoming rigid. Promoting cultural tourism in such areas helps in
preserving the traditional and cultural values in that region.
Andhra Pradesh contributes about 7.3% of total domestic tourist attractions of India,
standing in fourth place as per 2014 statistics. Krishna district is in third place in its tourist
attractions during 2014, after declaring Amaravati as a capital for newly formed Andhra
Pradesh. It is in second position next to Chittoor District as per 2016 statistics. Cultural
values are present in the district in significant measures. Three art forms of varying nature
are originating in the district and are of global recognition, namely Kuchipudi Dance
form, Kalamkari pattern of fabric print, and Kondapalli wood carved toys. This study tries
to address these predominant art forms of Krishna District with major emphasis on local
economy generation & tourism development.
The three predominant art forms chosen for the study are Kalamkari Fabric Art Work
practised in Pedana town of Machilipatnam Division for centuries, where various
categories of blocks are used for printing the fabric in organic colours; second is
Kondapalli Wooden Toys Making an art brought to this village from Maharashtra 400
years ago, and still in practise where the toys are carved from a light wood, which is
available in the surrounding forest. And the last art form is Kuchipudi Classical Dance
originated in the village named Kuchipudi hundreds of years ago, with many mythical and
historic linkages to the art form and believed as a place where original Kuchipudi dance
form is being taught. All these three art forms have global presence and are known,
practised and traded across the globe. However, most of these art forms located in the
district are having very limited tourist visits and are gradually dying in as practice.
Hence, the main concern of the study was to assess these art forms critically and
understand its impact on employment generation, economy and tourism. To examine the
aforesaid, data was collected through various means such as observations, structured
interviews, focused group discussions, tourist feedback surveys and stakeholder
consultations. Along with this, the study focussed on other surrounding and close by
tourist spots having cultural value and explored the potential of networking all of them.
Analysis includes the evaluation of tourist feedbacks and structing the art forms and its
relationship with local development in lines of production cost involved in terms of raw
material and wages along with detailed description of the process, production gap,
production-supply relation, investments in marketing and revenue generation. Along with
this spot specific understanding in terms of their Attractiveness, Accessibility,
Infrastructure, Accommodation, Accord, Safety, probability to Revisit and other
considerations.
The study identifies the gaps in decline of the families performing these art forms due to
assorted reasons such as lack of awareness, lack of raw material, lack of skilled labour,
high investments in raw material etc. Though these art forms are recognised globally in
terms of their uniqueness the people who are dependent on these art forms are not being
benefitted due to great involvement of dealers into the marketing strategy. Along with this
under production is one major concern as the production is order based and the sales are
festive or event specific or seasonal dependent. The study assumes that leveraging the art
forms can raise their potential as tourist spots and have a greater impact in associated
trade.
The study came up with outcomes of strategizing the cultural tourism development in
terms of suggesting art form specific strategies that help in building stronger local
development, spot specific suggestions that help in increasing the ambience of other
spots in the corridors of these art form and finally evolved two cultural tourism circuits, as
per the need established through stakeholder considerations and tourist feedbacks.
Enforcement of these tours can help in domestic as well as foreign tourists surge. The
study concluded in a better understanding of the cultural importance aspects of the region
and its linkages with cultural tourism to add to the common parlance that the region is the
Cultural Capital of Andhra Pradesh.
Thesis Title: Evaluation of Management Strategies for Ananthapur
Student Name: Jhansi Rani
Present research considers the problems and prospects of drought prone region of
Anantapur district located in south-west part of Andhra Pradesh. Being uneven distribution
of physical and climatic factors the study region is subject to basis of varieties of
agricultural problems. However, drought is major problem in the study region with almost
90% of an area of the study region (Govt. of Andhra Pradesh, Revenue, and Forest
Department 2003-2004). In the last decade (2000-10) almost six years were rainfall
deficient years resulting in severe drought conditions. Anantapur is now declared as hot-
arid district and the Desert Development Programme (DDP) through watershed
development programme is in implementation in all the 63 Mandals of Anantapur. The
unit of analysis in this research is Mandal and the analysis has been carried out of ground
water resources availability, Average annual rainfall, ground water depletion, soil
variability, identified the major programmes in water management, coverage of each
programme at the Mandal level, composite index selecting 8 parameters related to water
management by giving weightages in a matrix method and identified which program has
the highest score. The proposals have been given in the policy level which is of
INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT and for reducing the demand the
crop shifting and the inter linking of canals has been carried out. This research can be
helpful to get a clear-cut picture of the physiographic conditions of the Anantapur district
and the major programmes that are implemented in a Mandal level. It gives an idea about
the Integrated Water Resource Management and its applicability in the district.
Thesis Title: Critical Evaluation of Water Supply of Hyderabad
Student Name: Mohammed Amar Ashraf
Water is now going slowly to be scarce in the world. Earth is full of water but 99 percent of
water is a sea, which is salty, hence can't be used. Others sources are locked in the
glacier in ice form hence only 1% of water is available in groundwater and surface waters
for human survival. Near 60 % of water resources is present only in 10 countries, this
leaves other countries into high stress. Changes in the environmental condition like low
rainfall, climate changes make water scarcer. Water resources like river ponds are
shrinking slowly. Water management has become major issues in many countries. Only in
India and China 2.7 billion people leaves in water stress level. In India sufficient water
resources are available but water is unevenly distributed. There is a case in which only
one tap is installed for 100s of slum people and one tap for one house. Water
Infrastructure present in many cities was quite aging. This aging pipeline suffers from
erosion which ultimately causing water leakages. General awareness in people regarding
water saving was also not found. Causing water waster thus results in extra water usages.
In countries like India, physical and commercial loss are a major area to work out. That
can be reduced. The main reason for the water supply problems in the urban areas of
India is due to the lack of the coverage, increase in UFW (unaccounted flow of water) and
NRW. Water in the urban areas is supplied by the ULBs or water board. Water board of
Hyderabad HMWSSB (Hyderabad metropolitan water supply and sewerage board) a
statutory body, is responsible for the water supply, operation of the distribution system and
maintenance. It consists of 20 O&M divisions which perform their functions in their
specified area. The evaluation of the water supply board would be done by considering the
components such as coverage and tariff of the water supply. Coverage being one of the
most important components of water supplied defines the capability and performance.
Tariff is dependent on coverage also because tariff would be collected only if the coverage
of the water is provided. Tariff as a component of water supply defines financial
capabilities and its ability to increase its coverage and service. The tariff would be
evaluated on the basis of efficiency, cost recovery, financial stability, and fairness. Tariff is
dependent on various components such as metering, NRW, UFW and collection
efficiency. The problems would be identified and the solution would be provided at the end
of this research program. After studying the various issues and technical incapabilitys of
the water board the proposal is advised for the HMWSSB to extend its pipeline connection
to the unserved and critical areas, revision of tariff rates and introduction of PPP model in
the water supply and tariff collection mechanism.
Thesis Title: Implications of Recurring Disaster on the Local Economy: A Case Study of
Siliguri and its Surroundings Regions
Student Name: Nishtha Saha
Siliguri, in northern Bengal, is a major hub for trading of jute and timber. It is known for its
4 Ts - tea, teak, timber and tourism. Siliguri is a flourishing town and one of the most
important economic hub for West Bengal and for the entire North Eastern India. Also
known as Gateway of North East India, Siliguri is situated on the foothills of Himalaya and
the bank of River Mahananda, in the Terai region of the Himalayas. The importance of
Siliguri is not only due to its commercial opportunities but also due to its strategic
placement near international and state borders - Siliguri connects three international
borders Bangladesh Nepal and China. The hill stations and villages surrounding the
Siliguri region are remote, are on hilly terrain and are wholly dependent on the city for its
supply of daily needs, which includes even the basic minimum requirements like food and
water.
The region is also known to be vulnerable to frequent landslides. Landslides occur very
frequently every rainy season in the entire belt. Massive landslides block or damage the
narrow mountain routes roads completely or partially. There are 28 vulnerable points
along the highway with a frequency of at least 5 landslides on an average with a road
blockage of 3 days . When routes get blocked it is beyond possibility to send or receive
dally need goods to and from the surrounding hilly region. This not only affects the lives of
the people on hills but also greatly affects the economy of the city as well.
Hence, the thesis concern was to assess the dependency of the surrounding settlements
on the Siliguri city. This was analysed in terms of evaluating the degree of presence or
absence of certain indicators of dependency in these remote settlements, namely, -
income through business, wages earned, food, medicines, access to social network and
other basic services that include post, education, health services, financial services,
technical services, legal and administrative services. An index has been developed to
gaude the level of dependency of each of the 6 settlements chosen for detailed study. It
has been calculated through a weighted scoring basis from the data collected from
primary sources. The index has been calculated on the basis of peak and off peak tourist
season, since the dependency changes during the two.
The economic losses of these settlements during landslides has been estimated for three
different scenarios based on past landslide occurrences where the recovery time will be
categorised into three divisions - short term, average term and long term. For this
estimation, the consideration for physical damage to building or property, livelihood loss
which determines how and what type of change occurred, loss during injury period and
number of people affected, has been incorporated. Stakeholders affected due to
landslides are not just limited to the settlement dwellers. The extent and degree of loss for
all stakeholders has been estimated as an indirect effect of the disaster.
It is important to analyse the effect of these disasters on the economy to suggest coping
measures since there are both direct and indirect effects of these disasters on the
economy. The landslides cannot be completely eradicated but stronger economic
measures can reduce the dependency of the settlements. The most important
dependency component is availability of food and income source. Hence, measures to
ease freight transport have been taken by proposing bridleways and ropeways. But just
transportation does not help , storage locations are also required for storage of food
materials. Economic diversification on the other hand reduces the chances of loss of
income during landslide induced road damage. It introduces indigenous products and
indigenous skills to the market through a regulated cooperative marketing. Natural
disasters cannot be avoided but mitigation measures can only reduce the effect. It is a
difficult task to implement easy solutions in such disaster prone hilly regions Innovative
mitigation measures and responsiveness may help in self sufficiency and increase the
economic resilience of the settlements. Moreover very little study has been done on
Siliguri and its surrounding hilly areas. In this light, the study brings out that hilly regions of
the country, which are backward regions, should not be left on their own to deal with
disasters and the approach should not be reactive. We need to study levels of
dependency and loss in such regions and come out with proactive measures that help
such regions prepare for disasters in advance, particularly if the disasters are frequent and
imminent.
Thesis Title: Transformation Study Of Lake And Valuation Of Ecosystem Services:
Case Study Of Khadakwasla Lake, Pune District
Student Name: Pranali Dhanraj
A lake plays significant roles in the form of an ecosystem, water resource, habitat for
biodiversity, encouraging social inclusiveness, environmental & economic impact, and
providing recreational and aesthetic services. Khadakwasla Lake is a major source of
drinking water for Pune city and its suburbs. As per the proposed City Development
Plan 2041, Khadakwasla Lake is having water availability up to 850 Million Liters per
day (MLD), which caters to 55 percent of the total need of the city. Presently the lake is
facing many problems, but the major adverse effects are contamination of ground water,
reduction in water holding capacity, dumping of garbage resulting in eutrophication,
discharge of waste water and sewage, and encroachment of lakebeds, which is
affecting the ecosystem of lake. This degrades the lake quality and increases the
susceptibility to flood. As per Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), in 2016,
Khadakwasla lake water was having high levels of BOD and COD due to the discharge
of sewage water from nearby settlements and Ganesh idol immersion which contains
heavy metals leading to water pollution and lake degradation and also making the water
unfit for human consumption. This may be attributed to ineffective implementation
measures of land use plans and other policies around the lake which has resulted in this
degradation of quality of the lake ecosystem. In 2016, Khadakwasla Dhahran Sakde
water shortage of 50 percent has been reported by Irrigation Department of Pune city.
This study focuses on understanding the detrimental changes of Khadakwasla Lake over
time and assessing the value of ecosystem services offered by the lake. It aims to
explore factors leading to the transformation of the lake from an integrated lake
management approach. The main objectives of the study are determination of spatio-
temporal conditions of the lake, identification of sources and causes of pollution in the
lake, assessment of the current physical, biological and chemical conditions of the lake,
and estimation of the value of Lake Ecosystem by Valuation of Ecosystem services
offered by the lake. The assessment for transformation of Khadakwasla Lake involves
land cover chronology and growth trend analysis; Wastewater load analysis and drain and
stream mapping. The valuation of ecosystem services involves evaluation of ecosystem
services performance of the lake; estimation of user charge and raw water cost;
willingness to pay for improved water quality and species richness mapping. The current
status & trends in these services are assessed by examining recent data on lake
ecological indicators. These allow inferences to be made on the current state & trends of
Lake Ecosystem services, while also pointing to the main anthropogenic pressures that
threaten these services. The study concludes by managing water, ecosystem function
and related human activities of Khadakwasla Lake in Pune District by developing an
integrated lake management approach focusing on 5 pillars of development which
includes Management zones, Ecosystem Conservation, Public Participation, Good
Governance and Sustainable Resource Development.
Thesis Title: Assessing the potential industrial clusters in Amaravati
Student Name: P Srinivas Naik
Amaravati is the new capital of Andhra Pradesh after the bifurcation of erstwhile Andhra
Pradesh state into Andhra and Telangana. Amravati, the planned city is located on the
southern bank of the Krishna district in Guntur district, within the Andhra Pradesh capital
region. Industrial area of Andhra Pradesh is 8.08 km2 which is located at southern side of
Amaravati administration constitution. Location of industrial area faces the disadvantages
of high level of underground water-level and the wind direction of south-east direction,
which holds the threat of flowing wind from high polluted area to low polluted area where
as it should be vice-versa. Therefore this thesis scope area is to formulating a framework
which enables only green industries with in the permissible pollution limit, potential based,
interlinking pre-existing large scale industries and labour intensive which will make the
framework as win-win proposal. Thesis aim is obtain by four interlinking objectives. In
order to define the permissible pollution limit and list of green industries the reference has
been taken from Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), the identified industries were
further refined using potential based industries from MSME report, pre-existing large scale
industries in the Krishna and Guntur district, government incentives with investment
friendly industrial policy and promoted development industrial model in state. The proposal
consists of expected employment generation, expected investment required with 3 months
of working capital, land required in sq mts and power requirement of identified industries.
The final output is consists of environmental friendly, investment friendly, labour intensive
and optimum resource utilisation.
Thesis Title: Planning For Eco Sensitive Areas (East Godavari Coastal Delta Region)
Student Name: Pooja Adapa
Enriched with the accretion of deltaic alluvial soils, detritus matter, mud flats loaded with
the perennial flow of the river Godavari, collected throughout its journey and flanked with
the littoral and tidal forests of mangroves lacing with numerous tidal creeks, the Coringa
Wildlife Sanctuary with its adjoining mangroves, situated in the East Godavari District of
Andhra Pradesh, India, is a heavenly abode for many sojourn winged denizens and their
trophic counterparts down through the food chain having specific biological and geological
characteristics, it is the second largest mangrove formation in India after Sundarbans in
West Bengal. These mangroves play an important role in protecting Kakinada from storms
and tsunami. About 440 threatened species recorded in India of which 90 species have
been reported from coastal & marine zones of the East Godavari mangroves. Supports
269 bird species (93 are long distance migratory species) & 48 species of waders. Over
35,000 water birds recorded as per Asian Water bird Census 2014. After Kolleru and
Pulicat, Coringa is the third place that attracts more and more migratory birds every year.
These mangroves are home to 540 fish species. Currently there is Reduction in
Mangroves due to encroachment, deforestation, agriculture, aquaculture & lack of
implementation of relevant policies to conserve ESAs. The main aim is to plan for eco-
sensitive areas by regulating development activities to reduce pernicious effects
encompassing the protected areas followed by certain objectives like studying the impact
of spatio-temporal land use transformation & by assessing the functional relationship
between flora & fauna along with sensitivity analysis. These objectives helps to arrive at
the positive or negative impact of surrounding land use on ESA, whether there is decline
or incline in the value of resources by monitoring the level of impacts & preservation of
highly sensitive areas by restricting development activities to enhance their value. The
final proposal is to prepare management plan & strategies for restoration, conservation &
development of ESAs and the main factor for consideration of management strategy for
mangroves is to create buffer zones limiting anthropogenic activities around the
demarcated corridor of the wetland, which could revive its natural functioning. It is also
important to identify the functional values, magnitude and source of disturbance, adjacent
land use and to project the possible impact of such stress in long term, etc. Proper
monitoring is imperative to prevent illegal activities. Along with the restoration work,
awareness should be campaigned educational materials should be made available to
improve knowledge on mangrove habitats, resources, relevant legislation, policies and
conservation strategies.
Thesis Title: Study The Impact of Urban Sprawl On Provision Of Public Services, A Case
Area of Hyderabad
Student Name: P Amulya
Urban sprawl is the uncontrolled and uncoordinated outgrowth of towns and cities. Noting
the various studies, the pattern of urban sprawl is characterized by using spatial metrics
based on the extent of paved surface or built-up areas. The process of urban sprawl can
be described by change in pattern over time, like proportional increase in built-up surface
to population leading to rapid urban spatial expansion. With an understanding of the
patterns, processes and causes of urban sprawl, the consequences of sprawl can be
explored which are reflected by the patterns, thus eventually aiding in perfect urban
planning for future. Following the sequence of patterns, process, causes and
consequence, sets the research agenda as the framework for this research. Urban sprawl,
a phenomenon of peri-urbanization that extends the urban area towards its outer
boundaries is an inevitable process of development. It presents both challenges and
opportunities. The urbanization takes place either in radial direction around a well-
established city or linearly along the highways and this dispersed development is referred
as urban sprawl. Sprawl has impacts such as losses of agricultural lands, open spaces
and ecologically sensitive habitats in and around the urban areas.
The regions developed under the concept of sprawl lack basic amenities due to the
unplanned growth and lack of prior information and forecasts of such growth during policy,
planning and decision-making. The magnitude and nature of urban sprawl is quite different
in the developed countries from that of a rapidly developing and largely rural-agrarian
populated country like India. The developed countries embraced urbanization after
industrialization wherein the population growth rates and densities were lower, with a
prosperous economy and technology to support. Conversely, developing countries are
having high population growth rates and densities, in the midst of economic development,
with lack of basic amenities and urbanization taking place at a rapid rate. The urban
sprawl is seen as one of the potential threats to sustainable development where urban
planning with effective resource utilization and allocation of infrastructure initiatives are
key concerns. Urban sprawl also leads to increase in the cost of providing public services.
In India, already 31.16 % of the population live in urban areas and these cities are
expanding like never before, with inadequacies in facilities for transportation, water supply
and sanitation, energy demands, etc. With a booming economic activity on the one side
and large population in unorganized sectors of employment with inadequate housing on
the other, rise of slums and squatters in urban areas seems inevitable. Identification and
analyses of the patterns of sprawl in advance would help in effective infrastructure
planning in urban area. In order to estimate and understand the behaviour of such urban
sprawls, which is crucial for sound environmental planning and resource management,
current study is focused on the 6th largest metropolitan city of India Hyderabad Region
Hyderabad city is growing day by day with the alarming rate. The twin cities of Hyderabad
Secundrabad, is one of the fastest-growing urban agglomerations in India, with an
annual population growth rate of more than 5% (UN, 2009). Hyderabad has seen
unprecedented growth spatially and economically leading to sprawl. It is under massive
urban restructuring which needs an exploration of emerging urban challenges and socio-
spatial complexities of the expanding metro city. Urbanization in Hyderabad has specific
dual characteristics Formal city & Informal city. Formal city composed of areas
equipped with infrastructure in which public investments are concentrated. Informal city
region where growth is disordered, unplanned and where lack of infrastructure, socio
environmental differences are alarming. To understand the magnitude of Urban sprawl,
different methods are being used such as Shannons Entropy Index, Polsby poorer
Compactness Index, Urban Sprawl modeling. After understanding the type of sprawl in
Hyderabad, level of public services are analysed comparing with service level benchmarks
at Hyderabad City level (Macro level) and one case area is identified at micro level to
understand how the level of services are effected due to increase in urbanization. To
address the impact planned growth is essential for community at managing new
development. The present thesis IMPACT OF URBAN SPRAWL ON PROVISION OF
PUBLIC SERVICES, A CASE AREA OF HYDERABAD REGION aims to identify the
spatio-temporal dynamics of the urbanization process by addressing the impact of urban
sprawl in relation with availability & accessibility of public services in Hyderabad region.
Thesis Title: Urban Development and its Impact on Travel Behaviour
Student Name: Shaik Sadiq
The evolution of a city is a natural process, by injecting a direction of growth through

different plans at different levels will lead to a more sustainable mode of development. The
focus of sustainable development is being carried out in many of the cities nowadays;
transportation which is one of the key sectors has to be made more feasible in order to
achieve sustainable development. Urban development focusing for future economy
generation is inviting the fleet of vehicles to travel on the roads of the city; the modal split
of these vehicles can be determined by the behaviour of the citizens. Travel behaviour and
Urban development may not seem directly correlated but the variables which define both
of them are interdependent. This paper explores various parameters and dimensions of
urban development and its relation to travel behaviour. Urban development characteristics
and their indicators and Travel behaviour indicators are derived for the study of
Vijayawada city, India. This study is an attempt to derive relation between urban
development and Travel behaviour. The study indicates that Vijayawada city, inherently
has a compact form, but may disperse in near future; and there is a need to implement
policies to retain its compact character to achieve sustainable urban development.
Thesis Title: Hazard Risk Vulnerability Assessment of Urban Floods: A Case Study Of
Guwahati
Student Name: Sudarshan Protim Sonowal
The city of Guwahati has a rich historical past and finds frequent mention in medieval
historical sources and epics. The city of Guwahati is located at the banks of the river
Brahmaputra and several of its tributaries pass through the city. Urban growth in the city of
Guwahati has been rapid, with uncontrolled development activities. These activities have
had a detrimental impact on the ecology and environment of the city. The city is
surrounded by wet lands that under threat due to the encroachment and unplanned urban
development of the city. The city is prone to floods and landslides and is located on the
earthquake prone (zone V) belt. In addition to being vulnerable to these natural hazards,
the city of Guwahati and is frequently affected by seasonal flash floods, which are not
entirely caused by natural factors alone.
The city of Guwahati experiences inundation and waterlogging problem after every
medium to heavy shower. Rapid urbanization with increased housing and construction
activities in the city has lead to more rooftops, driveways, streets and other impervious or
hard surfaces (CDP, 2006). This has resulted in decreasing land capacity to soak up and
carry excess water. Moreover the unplanned expansion of the city to accumulate
increasing population has lead to severe encroachment in the wetlands, low lying areas,
hills and shrinkage of forest cover (Thakur and Goswami, 1993). These denuded hills and
loss of wetlands thus lead to artificial floods and water logging. Immediately after every
down pour the city drains gets silted up with silts coming with storm water running down
the hills flooding the streets (Soil Conservation Dept., Govt. of Assam, 2003). The
wetlands also cannot accumulate the excess storm water of the city. A lot of research
work has also been done on part of the Government.
This work is step forwarded to study the problem from a modern perspective using GIS
tools. Since Flood Zone Mapping is a vital component for appropriate land use planning in
flood-affected areas GIS gives a spatial view to the problem dealt with thus acting as an
efficient decision making tool. GIS can integrate spatial data with non-spatial attributes
and the data layers of flood zones help in modelling for proper management and land
utilization practices and proper designing of storm water discharge system based on
topography of the city.
Thesis Title: Tourism Development. A Case of Vishakhapatnam
Student Name: T.Gopal Vinaz
Tourism is travel for pleasure; it is theory, practice, and business, accommodating, entertaining
tourists. Tourism is a major source of income for many countries and affects the economy of both
the source and host countries. Tourism is a growth industry and many countries see the promotion
of tourism as a development strategy. The development of tourism not only creates growth in the
tertiary sector, but it can also have a positive multiplier effect on other sectors too. Thus tourism
promotion has become the major priority for many cities. Tourism infrastructure is a basic
component to promote tourism. It decides the amount and structure of tourist movement. For
successful tourism development, the need for more intensive investment in modernization of
infrastructure is increasingly appearing as a necessary condition. A Higher level of tourism
infrastructure development can contribute to increased efficiency of production and distribution of
services, especially remote destinations along with increased supply of tourism services. Andhra
Pradesh is one of tourism hotspots in the India. Its widespread diversity has always attracted both
foreigners as well as its own citizens alike, to explore its mirth and joviality that it has to offer the
world. The economic importance of tourism in India can by no means be underestimated. It benefits
the people living in and around tourist centers financially. Even though in Andhra Pradesh the
Department of Tourism are trying to make all possible attempts to attract the tourist but the result is
far from satisfactory. Visakhapatnam is one of the major tourist destinations of Andhra Pradesh.
There are around 49 major tourists spots in the Visakhapatnam. These include different types of
tourism i.e., beach, heritage, religious and film tourism etc. Though there is a high potential for
tourism in the city the tourist inflow is notably low then the expected. With Visakhapatnam
proposed as a smart city, the expectation of being a major tourist destination has increased. Vizag
Smart City attracted 1.15 crore Tourists during the year 2015-16, out of which around 1.14 crore
Domestic and 69,483 Foreign Tourists. The government aims to attract a number of tourists, with a
target of 2 crores Domestic and 2 lakh Foreign Tourists by the end of the year 2019. A robust
tourist infrastructure becomes a paramount condition in this regard. Thus the study identifies the
potential of tourism in Visakhapatnam and stresses upon the measures to be taken to promote
Visakhapatnam as a tourist hub. The study focuses on assessing the existing status of tourism and
its multiplier in the study area. It identifies the issues and potentials of the study area and suggests a
spatial plan with overhauled infrastructure as a suitable recommendation. The above is achieved
through importance-performance analysis, suitability and capability analysis. The final output
majorly focuses on infrastructure development, spatial plan and tourism circuit leading to the
multiplier effect.
Thesis Title: Planning And Designing Accessible Public Spaces For Differently abled-A
Case of Vijayawada
Student Name: V Ravi Kumar

Disability is a comparative term, and has been addressed as an obstacle to human activities
being carried out in a natural way. Until around 1980, the word handicap was mainly used
rather than disability. The main elements of disability are a lack of independence in a persons
daily activities and life. For Persons with Disabilities (PwDs) universal accessibility is critical
for enabling them to gain access for equal opportunity and live independently and participate
fully in all aspects of life in an inclusive society. Persons with Disabilities (Equal
Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995 under sections 44, 45
land 46 categorically provides for non-discrimination in transport, non-discrimination on the
road and non-discrimination in built environment respectively. United Nations Convention on
the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD), to which India is a signatory, under Article
9 casts obligations on the Governments for ensuring to PwDs accessibility to (a) Information,
(b) Transportation, (c) Physical Environment, (d) Communication Technology and (e)
Accessibility to Services as well as emergency services.

Currently, about 15% of the worlds population is disabled (WHO, 2011).In India there are
about 5-6% of people with disability (census 2011),. Improving accessibility to people with
disabilities is crucial to alleviating poverty. It is expected that the number of people with
disabilities will increase by 120% in the next 30 years in developing countries. The increase
will be 40% in more developed countries Vijayawada is having the largest disability
population in movement in the state. The delineated area (i.e krishnalanka ward 41) is the
most important space for the public to cater the need of access. There are 3 city public level
parks which are not to the standards. At present, there are no any facilities to the disabled
people. There are large commuters to these spaces on daily basis in the area. There is increase
in percentage of the disability especially in movement catering around 29% of total disabled
population.

As we know navigation around urban areas is often constraining for the mobility-impaired
due to the fabric of the urban landscape, and there is a need to provide maps for individual
abilities. Barriers to effective navigation, such as slope, surface type and dropped Krebs, differ
for able-bodied pedestrians and wheelchair users. The parameters such as accessibility,
safety, infrastructure facilities and variables are considered and evaluated for the roads in the
delineated region. The elements such as Walk and pathway, Parking, Handrail, Signage,
drinking water, sitting place, Public toilet in the 3 parks are evaluated and scoring is given as
0 if absent 5 if the elements are present. The final output would be creating mobility maps
and redesigning parks for the users so as to access the public space ie parks with limited
barriers and time. The redesigning of Rajiv Gandhi park and designing new varadhi park.

Key words: Accessibility, route navigation, differently abled
Thesis Title: Emergency Planning of Core city of Patna during an earthquake
Student Name: Vikas Kumar
Bihar state has a history of moderate to severe earthquakes. It acts as a disaster
vulnerable bowl and seismically as a time bomb. 73% of its land area and 74% of
population are vulnerable to recurrent flood, 30 districts are in most sensitive seismic zone
V and IV. 15.2% of the state area comes in Zone V in Seismic Hazard zone, while 63.7%
come in Zone IV. Estimations from the state government authority says that if there is an
earthquake of magnitude 7 or above, then more than 15 lakh people would lose their lives
and crores of rupees worth property would be destroyed. The study area chosen was
Patna City. Patna city, because of its geographical location is prone to multiple disasters
like floods because of river Ganges, earthquake due to near Himalayan ranges and
presence of fault lines. Patna comes in seismic hazard zone IV. Increased demographic
pressure, deteriorating environmental conditions, poverty, poor living condition, unplanned
urbanization in urban areas with narrow lanes and crucial traffic congestion problems, lack
of information all these factors are responsible for making Patna city more at risk to
earthquake tremors.This study focusses on developing an emergency evacuation
(transportation) plan for Patna city. Analysis has been carried out at two levels ward
level and city level. Seismic assessment and Vulnerability Mapping is done at ward level
for availability of data sets like population density, literacy, water table depth, fault lines,
soil types, elderly and child population, road density, etc. through Multi Criteria Decision
Analysis (MCDA) method. Case study area is delineated as per vulnerability level in the
core city region. At the city level, existing transportation routes are designated as
evacuation routes as per their qualifications like width, type, etc., The evacuation starts
from evacuation clusters prepared according to transportation links as boundaries and
ends to potential disaster shelters which are open spaces, educational institutions,
hospitals, community halls, etc., This can act as a general evacuation plan for the city. The
analysis is done by Network Analysis Tool in ArcGIS. In the delineated region, sub-block
or clusters were created clubbing together closely packed buildings. Then, Vulnerability
mapping of these clusters were done by AHP method. The evacuation done here is at a
detailed and micro level considering the building characteristics, road accessibility, and
availability of open spaces, infrastructure accessibility. The transport links crossing nearby
safe clusters are joined together to give final evacuation at detailed level starting from safe
nets to potential disaster shelters. Safe nets here are temporary shelters where people
could accommodate and finally be transported to safe destinations. This is a pilot project
done at a small scale and detailed level and provides a potential model for preparing
emergency evacuation plan for core city areas during Earthquake Disaster. The outcome
of the study is in three forms - First is the zonal maps representing seismic hazard and
vulnerability of the city. Second outcome is the evacuation (transportation) plan as a
special Earthquake Management Plan for Patna city, designating safe transport network
for evacuating people during an earthquake disaster, also for service vehicle movement at
city scale and small core city area scale. Third outcome is the estimation of number of
disaster shelters required as per population, finding the gap and locating them for
maximum accessible to people. Also, suggestions for various Development Control
Regulations have been given as strategies. The core of urban planning (integration of land
use and transportation) also plays a major role in Earthquake management plan. This
could be a great platform for the integration of urban planning and disaster management
through emergency evacuation plans.
Keywords: Earthquake, Disaster, transportation, Evacuation Plan, Emergency Planning.

Thesis Title: Towards Resilient Transportation System for effective Cyclone
Management. Vishakapatnam City
Student Name: Sai Varsha
Climate change and sea level rise, since the late 20th century have been a constant
phenomenon affecting in-numerous lives, striking millions of people through cyclones,
heavy and sudden rainfall and flooding. Natural Hazards regularly affect the economy
and the performance of the infrastructure systems. The mobility/transportation plays a
very crucial role in infrastructure systems, for the prosperity, growth and the movement of
communities at all levels. At the local and regional levels, transportation serves a very
large crowd working effectively and performing diverse activities all at the same time.
Transportation systems are multi-modal, multi-faceted and multi-parametric, which all the
more makes them vulnerable to any kind of disruptions. They play a very crucial role in
responding to a regions pre disaster evacuation and post-disaster recovery. These cases
highlight the requirement of robust transportation systems to, absorb effects from
disturbances that are caused due to several reasons and ensure operational continuity
(Pavlos Tamvakis, 2012). Their ability to perform under adverse conditions in times of
disaster depends upon the resiliency of their fixed and moveable assets as well as their
operational procedures before, during and after the event.
What is a system? And what exactly are transportation systems? A system is a group of
interdependent and inter-related components that form a complex and unified whole,
intended to serve some purpose through performance of its interacting parts(Meyer and
Miller, 2001). The components of transportation systems may be divided into two
categories the internal and the external components. The internal component
measures the physical aspects of the systems, while the external components deals with
its operations and efficiency. Planning and coordination between the individual modes
and various state and local agencies is now recognized as a critical factor during all
phases of a disaster. Resilience is a characteristic that indicates a systems performance
under unusual conditions, recover speed and the amount of outside assistance required
for restoration to its original functional state. This phenomenon has been explored from
the community, water, power and communication perspectives, but transportation has
been addressed only to a limited degree.
In the Indian context, increased amount of attention is now being paid to increasing the
capacity of disaster affected communities to recover with little or no external assistance
following a disaster. There is still one aspect that the plan/policy makers havent yet
explored in the context of disaster management that of building resilience into the
system prior to it being struck by a calamity the pre disaster planning inclusive of
resilience, which is what the thesis aims to achieve. Visakhapatnam, a coastal city of
Andhra Pradesh, for long has been a victim of major cyclones Neelam, HUD HUD etc,
majorly damaging the citys infrastructure. About 448 km of road has been disrupted and
the Roads department suffered about Rs. 1111 Crore losses. Since the occurrence of
HUD. HUD, planning for resilience has been stressed so far by both the governmental
and international agencies and in this context, Assam and Visakhapatnam have been
cited as the first cities undergoing the planning for resilience. In this regard, this research
would focus mainly on measuring the resilience of the transportation systems by
effectively evolving a context specific framework measuring across the 4 major
dimensions of resilience Robustness, Redundancy, Resourcefulness and Rapidity all of
which can be incorporated further in the pre disaster planning process and propose for
effective planning for resilience in the future.
Thesis Title: Impact of Commercial Activities on Travel Characteristics
Student Name: P Jashwanth

Commercial land uses occupy 5-15% and of the surface. For instance, commercial land use
involves relationships with its supplier and customers. While relationships with suppliers will
dominantly be related with movements of freight, relationships with customers would
include movements of people. Thus, a level of accessibility to both systems of circulation must
be present. Since each type of land use has its own specific mobility requirements,
transportation is a factor of activity location and is therefore associated intimately with land
use. Holtzclaw, find that average vehicle ownership, vehicle travel, and vehicle expenditure
per household decline with increasing residential densities and proximity to public transit,
holding constant other demographic factors such as household size and income. This View of
Density Calculator uses this model to predict the effects of different land use patterns on
travel behavior. For example, a reduction from 20 to 5 dwelling units per acre (i.e., urban to
suburban densities) increases average vehicle travel and automobile expenditures by about
40%. This relationship between activities generated from commercial areas and of vehicular
movement has multifarious conations in different facets often leading to various problems.
Congestion, pollution, accident, health issues, encroachments are just a few of the many
looming issues/problems. In the case of big metropolitan cities, this aspect is more clearly
observable.
The city of Hyderabad is no exception to the above state of affairs. It has a radial and orbital
form of the road network. The recent growth trend of the city is more in the west/south
directions. Three National Highways, NH9 (connecting Vijayawada on the eastern side and
Mumbai in the west), NH7 (connecting Bangalore in south and Nagpur in the north) and
NH202 (connecting Hyderabad to Warangal) pass through the central business district of the
city. Five State Highways SH1, SH2, SH4, SH5 and SH6 start from the city center and diverge
radially connecting several towns and district headquarters within the State in all directions.
The road network of Hyderabad is very dense and congested due to narrow roads, heavy
encroachments, and high pedestrian and slow moving vehicle concentration. As per the
existing land use plan, the area under roads is only 9-10% in Municipal Corporation of
Hyderabad. The central business district has Koti and Panjagutta as major commercial
centers. In this area due to heavy movement and large-scale parking of vehicles many issues
such as encroachment, congestion, pollution, accidents, health issues have come up which has
reduced the quality of life in this area. The present study thus seeks to understand the
relationship between the impact of commercial activities and vehicular movements through
area traffic capacity. It seeks to identify the causes of the problems, identify issues and
potentials and suggest suitable recommendations.
Thesis Title: Assessing The Livability In The Residential Areas Of It Parks: A Case Study
Of Hyderabad
Student Name: M Sadhana
Indian cities, which are fast urbanizing are ranked around 70 in the report given by EIU.
Generally, livability in India is posted as better infrastructure provision facilities that ease
the living in that area, but its only one among the major parameters that decided the
livability score. Livability can be defined as is the sum of the factors that add up to a
communitys quality of life-including the built and natural environments, economic
prosperity, social stability and equity, educational opportunity, and cultural, entertainment,
and recreation possibilities with the emphasis on live work play eat shop concept which
takes planning to next level. So, addressing or taking measures to target better livability
score will not only improve the living condition of a neighborhood, but also trigger the
economic investments happening in the city.
Hyderabad being an emerging IT destination followed by Bangalore has mix of IT parks
that have temporal and spatial variations. Also, its persisting its IT nature by proposing 13
new projects that support for practicing the research and can come up model which has
been an amalgamation different limitations. Case areas identified for the research are
Madhapur, hitecity, Khajaguda and Uppal which are in different stages of development.
Before deciding the definition of livability, it becomes important to address whom we are
planning for? in the research terms. When one thinks of IT parks or an IT region one gets
an impression that they have good livable conditions with the best service provisions. But
the reality is far beyond when compared to livability of residential areas in the international
case studies.
IT residential areas function much differently with the rest of the parts of a city. They
accommodate high elite class whose willingness to pay is very high making the region
unaffordable for the other income groups. To attain such a stage of high elite standards,
land development has go through four different phases in pace of IT development which is
unexplored. So, the research focuses on analyzing the IT area through all aspects in the
planning. Initially Analysis will be made for identifying the impact of the IT park on
the residential are both in spatial and temporal aspects to conclude the variation that
between various phases of development in the region. Next stage would be analyzing
and exploring these four stages to quantify the standard of facilities to be provided
at each stage. Also, research analyses ways to improve and provide opportunities for
other income groups by providing supporting employment. Walkability index, housing
variance, economic variance, housing typology studies, land use compatibility analysis will
be made for analyzing the situation.
So, livability score will be calculated at the end of the phase and can be used to set a
benchmark that the residential area should attain during the phase for better livability.
Hence the expected Outcome will be a residential grid model that can be applicable
during the progress of IT development after its approval. Potential of this model is to
use GIS to deliver the livability maps through multi-criteria decision making tool where one
can easily identify the poor livable areas within the grid. This study is not only used for
future development of IT park regions that will happen in Hyderabad but also for any IT
development that will happen in various metropolitan cities of India.
Thesis Title: Core City Revitalization: Case of Rajwada, Indore
Student Name: Partha Sarathi Ramje

Available literature on city morphology suggests that the core areas of cities throughout
the world has been characterized by concentration of mixed and commercial land use.
Core area of city generally house offices, wholesale and retail commercial establishments,
many cases occupied with godowns and storage areas. The core area of the city provides
opportunities for shopping and trading for the entire city and its hinterland. With time, the
area became a zone of mixed land use predominantly characterised by haphazard growth
and concentration of commercial establishments mixed with housing, lack of adequate
infrastructure and roads. Literature also concludes that core area of the Indian cities have
concentration of Informal Activities meeting various quick needs of the users of the core
area. The study triggered off with idea of a new revitalized inner city area of Indore with a
range of commercial activities, opportunities and developments. The study attempted to
understand the core area of Indore city i.e. Rajwada and its surrounding area. The total
site area is 2.7 sq.km. & approx. population residing in the area is 1.2 lakh. With time the
area has become a zone of mixed land use, predominantly characterized by haphazard
growth and concentration of commercial establishments mixed with housing, lack of roads
and support infrastructure. With the mapping of existing land use, the study made a
detailed investigation of its built form, activities, Parking & land use compatibility.
Revitalization measures through physical redevelopment, social renewal can bring in new
life and liveliness to the area, so that the people would come to this area for what it offers
and not because there are only unsatisfactory alternatives. The proposal for revitalization
aims to enhance the image and perception of the area while providing a sound physical
framework. The proposals are based on a careful assessment of available opportunities
and constraints, and is divided into two broad stages. First stage is careful division of
study area in to sub-zones, to identify the area that needs immediate attention i.e. most
vulnerable area. Stage two consists of preparation layout plan for the most vulnerable
area incorporating urban design principles in order to rejuvenate physical, social and
economic base that sustains the living and working of the community.
Thesis Title: Imageability Assessment Of Slums In The Taj Mahal Surroundings
Student Name: Sumit Singh
Due to rapid urbanisation in India, rate of migration is increasing day by day. More and
more people are shifting to urban areas. As a result individuals who cannot afford to live in
organised housing starts to settle in slums. Slums are characterised by lack of basic
facilities like sanitation, electricity supply, clean drinking water, roads, sense of security,
etc. Census of India defines slum as residential areas where dwellings are unfit for human
habitation by reasons of dilapidation, overcrowding, faulty arrangements and design of
such buildings, narrowness or faulty arrangement of street, lack of ventilation, light, or
sanitation facilities or any combination of these factors which are detrimental to the safety
and health. Their standards of living are critically low and majority of times their source of
income as well income is bleak.
In a city, slums are located along the water bodies like canal or river, hills, airports,
heritage sites and some in the city centre along some major road. In some cases of
heritage cities like Agra, Jaipur and Delhi people from different parts of the country as well
as world come to visit these heritage sites and with this they also observe the slums
around heritage sites. This view creates the negative image of the city and the country in
their mind. They perceive India as a poor and undeveloped country, with poor standard of
living and unhealthy environment. Monument like Taj Mahal situated in Agra also has a
same story. It is one of the Seven Wonders of the World; people from several regions
(national & international) visit it.
These were initially created to at the time of building of Taj Mahal as builders use to live
there. Over the time they have converted in to slums. People living here are engaged I
activities related to Taj Mahal; like photography, painting, tourist guide, etc. This thesis
will attempt assess the imageability according to the tourists and the people living in the
slums and will give interventions to improve it. Through improvement the historical
essence of the area will be regenerated and conserved. Techniques like heritage walk,
theme parks based on Agras history, road side plays can be used. This will generate
employment for slum dwellers as well as clean and safe environment for the slums. These
will help to improve the image and hence will improve the experience of the tourists.
Thesis Title: Impact of Residential Relocation on Livelihood of Slum Dwellers A Case
Study of Three Slums in Khammam Municipal Corporation
Student Name: Sumit Singh
Developing country mostly suffered with growth of urbanization where India is considered as
one of them. Growth of urbanization leads to increase of slums in urban areas. At present, one
sixth of the world population exists in India. Transformation of the society in India is effected
by the fast growing urbanization. 28 percent of urban population lives in India in that which
28.68 percentages of them lives in slum areas. The percentage of slum population for all
towns in India was 26.31 for the year 2001(India committee on slum statistics estimations). In
2011 the slum population percentage increased to 93.1 percent and it is estimated that by
2017 it will reach 104.7 percent. In 1743 cities, 52.4 million people reside in slums. Slums
account for 18.3 percent of cities population. In undivided Andhra Pradesh State there were
118 cities, which are considered as slum reporting cities with 6.27 million populations
(census 2001). Andhra Pradesh was second most slum-populated state in the country.

Andhra Pradesh contributes 34.4 percent of slum population to the total population of cities,
which are reporting the slums, which was in third position. Andhra Pradesh contributes 35.7
percent of slum households to urban households and is first slum household reporting state
(census 2011). Most of the slum dwellers live in unhygienic conditions with lack of basic
facilities such as toilets, drainage etc. Day by day the slums in the urban areas are increasing
because they are the only places that are easily accessible for the rural migrants to stay.
Governments, Non-Government Organisation (NGO) etc tried to decrease the vulnerability
situation of urban poor by redeveloping and relocating without considering the opinion of
every individual (Urban poor). These practices affected their livelihood patterns.

The main idea to study the case area is because most of the studies on slums are conducted in
metropolitan areas, with population more than 10, 00,000 but not in urban centers with
population ranging between 100,000 and 999,999. Khammam is one such urban centre and
also few slums are recently relocated (within one year time period) not according to
standards as mentioned by Rajeev Awas Yojana.

The study aims to develop the conceptual framework for enhancing livelihood of slum
dwellers through enhancing capabilities and functions. The first objective is to find out the
policies and measures taken by the local bodies for slum development. Second objective is to
analyze the link between livelihood activities of slum dwellers in relation to capabilities and
location. Third Objective is to analyze the link between livelihood activities of slum dwellers
in relation to functions and location. Fourth objective is to segregate slums on the basis of
functions and capabilities with respect to livelihood and location of slum dwellers. In this the
people perception about scenario of before and after relocation and relating with the
livelihood activities and its impact also considering functions and capabilities of slum
dwellers can be studied.

The main thesis concern is, at present in Khammam Municipal Corporation where 13 slums
have been relocated to 3 different slums outside the city. By considering the concept i.e.,
relocation of slums will impact livelihood, which negatively impacts capabilities and functions
of slum dwellers. To prove the thesis concern analysis was done based on three different
ways, which includes comparing the existing situation with norms and standards. Correlation
matrix analysis is done between different parameters of capabilities and functions with
regard to livelihood parameters. Regression analysis was done between different parameters
with respect to relationship between the dependent parameter (Livelihood) and independent
parameters (Capability approach) to identify the principal parameters, which are affecting
each three different relocated slums separately. Finally, Implication of land use matrix
analysis was done to identify the linkage between land use and livelihood for relocated slums.

The research provides an outcome -Develop case study specific and policy level
recommendations for enhancing livelihood opportunities. To achieve the outcome
correlation matrix, principal component analysis and implication of land use matrix analysis
was done for three relocated slums all are showing negative results with respect to livelihood.
Based on the results recommendations are done to better the quality of life of every
individual slum dwellers that includes conceptual framework and proposed implementation
framework.
This study will be helpful to the slum developers to think towards capabilities and functions
of the slum dwellers before relocating them. For researchers it provides the new linkages
between livelihoods, Relocation of slums and capabilities & functions. For Urban planners it
will help formulate effective slum relocation policies.
Thesis Title: Impact Assessment of Closed Jute Industry on Workers Livelihood
Case Study: Gouripur Jute Mill, 24 Parganas North, West Bengal
Student Name: Amit Kumar Bala

Although Bengal jute mills enjoyed enormous comparative advantages at the global level,
they encountered two-prong competition in their initial phase of development. Now in the
present era the industry are hold up with a group of private players and government has
taken steps for the investment, machinery and technological advances, but in the process
of industrial existence the jute sector in India needs more emphasis, the workers and the
labours who are associated with jute manufacturing industry has specific knowledge in
working have to suffer from the suspension of the mill and thus have direct impact on their
employment and living condition.
The backbone of Indian Jute industry is in West Bengal around 62 out of 93 jute mills in
India is located in the state, as a geo-textile jute and jute fiber is very essential in the
development process and also in day to day activity. Jute is majorly used in textile,
packaging, rope and carpet making and road making sectors. But in West Bengal due to
problems of funds, technology and labour and political problems the mills are at a stake
and many of the mills are closed. After 2005 Jute Policy, which has focused towards
packaging and investments there is no such policy for Jute/Jute Workers that will back up
the jute and enforce investment and secure the jobs of millions of workers whose
employment is no more stays due to the closure of such jute mills.
This study is relating to GouripurJute Mill established in the district of North 24 Parganas
district in Naihati municipality in the year 1862 and was owned by J. B. and T. Barry
(Gouripur Co. Ltd.) Which is closed since 1998 and the workers and their families are at a
Miserable plight. They dont have employment opportunities neither they have basic
facilities like clean drinking water, proper solid waste management, sanitation, electricity
etc. Thus as concern the study will help to know the existing condition and give them
opportunity for a better standard of living.
Keywords: Jute, Technological Advances, Suspension of Work, Geo-Textile, Standard of
Living.

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