FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

PULAU PINANG LABORATORY MANUAL

COURSE BUILDING SERVICES LABORATORY

COURSE CODE ECM 346
LEVEL OF OPENNESS 1
CATEGORY PARTIALLY OPEN ENDED
DEGREE OF OPEN-ENDED (%) 33%
PERIOD OF ACTIVITY 1 WEEK (WEEK 5)

TITLE LIGHTING SYSTEM

1.1 Introduction
Level 1 laboratory activity refers to condition where the problem and ways & means
are guided and given to the students. However the answers to the assignment are
left to the students to solve using the group creativity and innovativeness. The
activity is hope to slowly introduced and inculcate independent learning amongst
students and prepare them for a much harder task of open-ended laboratory
activities.
In these laboratory activities, students will be expose to learn the basic concepts and
principles of various types of lighting lux where can assist them to determine the
level of illumination for certain room.

1.2 Objective
To determine the level of illumination for six types of rooms.

PREAMBLE 1.3 Learning Outcomes

At the end of the laboratory activity, students would be able to:
1. Explain and discuss the basic concept and principles of the various types of
lighting lux.
2. Identify the level of illumination for different types of lighting.
3. Work in a group to prepare a technical report

1.4 Theoretical Background

The first purpose of lighting is to illuminate. Both natural daylight and artificial
lighting at night should be designed to provide a comfortable level of illumination for
viewing without causing eyestrain or fatigue. Lighting design involves not only
determine the amount of light required within a space. It also concerned with the
location pattern of the light sources (windows and light fixtures), the distribution and
diffusion of light, and the reflectance of this light off the rooms surfaces and object
within it. The illumination can be measured by using Lux Meter as shown in Figure
1.0.Difference lighting sources give different intensity of illumination.

FKA, UiTM, PULAU PINANG Jan 2017

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
PULAU PINANG LABORATORY MANUAL

2 Problem Statement
Some problems usually occurred in order to optimize the use of natural light and
minimize artificial light indoors. The problem includes the use of the concept open
plan, the capability of fluorescent lamps to produce similar luminance with the
natural lighting and lack of understanding of architects and engineers to the problem
PROBLEM
of energy saving in the building.
STATEMENT
Each group is required to choose any building in UITM Pulau Pinang and need to get
the illumination reading from six types of rooms.

WAYS &
1.1 Apparatus
MEANS
Digital Lux Meter

Figure 1.0: Lux Meter

1.2 Procedures
To execute the given exercise the group should follow the following
procedure:

1. Press the button to turn the meter on.

2. Place the sensor cover over the light sensor, effectively blocking all
lights to the sensor.
3. Select the 2000 Lux range using RANGE switch.
4. Press the zero buttons. The reading should be zero.
5. Remove the sensor cover from the light sensor and proceed with the
measurement.
6. Hold the light sensor in the area where light is to be collected. (The light
being measured must encompass the entire surface of the light sensor
dome).
7. It may be necessary to adjust the RANGE if the reading on the display
shows dashes along the top of the reading area (select range 2000 Lux,
20000 Lux or 50000 Lux).
8. Take not less than 3 reading of illumination of each location to be
measures and take average.
9. Compare your result with the illumination standard.

FKA, UiTM, PULAU PINANG Jan 2017

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
PULAU PINANG LABORATORY MANUAL

1.3 Data Acquisition

Table 1.0: Lux illumination with different location

High Lux Measurement
From
Location Ground Average
1 2 3 4 5 6
(m)

4 Results, Analysis and Conclusion

The group is required to submit the technical report of the laboratory results
highlighting the data acquisition process, analysis carried out and the relevancy of
RESULTS
the set-out output to achieve the objective. The format of the report is left to the
creativity discretion of the group.
The report must be submitted 7 days after the completion of the test.

FKA, UiTM, PULAU PINANG Jan 2017