Marking Scheme

Biology (paper 2)

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ITEM NO
SCORING CRITERIA MARKS REMARKS

2(a)(i) Able to identify whether a plant cell or animal cell

Answer :
Plant cell 1 1
(a)(ii) Able to give two reasons for answer in (a)(i).
Sample answer :
- has cell wall 1
- has a single / large vacuole 1
- has chloroplasts 1
Any two correct answers 2
2
(b) Able to name the organelles P, Q and R
P : Vacuole 1
Q : Mitochondrion 1
R : Nucleus 1
3 correct answers = 2 marks
2 correct answers = 1 marks 2
(c) Able to state the importance of P for the cell.

Sample answer :
- To control the osmotic balance // regulate turgor 1 1
pressure in the cell.
(d) Able to explain the function of Q :
Sample answer :
- Site for generating energy ( needed ) 1
- for cells activities / cell division / cellular 1 2
respiration
(e) Able to predict what happens to a cell if cell wall is
absent.
Sample answer : 1
-Cannot maintain the shape of plant cells
-Cannot protect the plant cell from rupturing ( due to the 1
movement of excess water into cells )//
-Cannot provide mechanical support for the plant cells
2
(f) Able to explain the adaptation of root hair
Root hair doesnt has chloroplast// has projection 1
As root hair do not carry photosynthesis// increase 1 2
surface for absorption of water.
TOTAL
12

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Section B

Question
Question Marking
Marking criteria
criteria Marks
Marks
7 (a) Aspect Active transport Passive
6 (a) (i) Corrective mechanism transport 1
Bring back
Direction ofabnormal condition
From lower to to normal
Fromcondition
higher to 1 2
(a) (ii) Receptor
movement in the pancreas
higherdetect high bloodlowerglucose level
Pancreas secrete more insulin into bloodstream
concentration concentration 1
Excess glucose is convert intothe
(against glycogen (down the 1
Glycogen is stored inconcentration
the liver concentration 1
Blood glucose level goes back
gradient) to normalgradient) 1
Receptor in theofpancreas
Requirement Need detect
energylow blood glucoseislevel
No energy 1
Pancreas
energy secrete glucagon into the bloodstream
required 1
Glycogen is convert into glucose 1
Glucose in the blood return to its normal level 1
Requirement of Only facilitated Carrier protein 1 8
6 (b) (a)(i) P-special
secondary structure transport needs 1
Qmembrane
Tertiary structure channel and 1
Rproteins
Quartenary structure
carrier protein. 1 3
(a)(ii) P- 3 dimensional shape and coilsisto form a helix (-helix)
No proteins
or folds into a sheetrequired for sheet)
(-pleeted 1
Q secondary structured protein
diffusion and chain fold onto itself 1
R 2/more tertiary structured
osmosis protein molecule join 1 3
together 1 3
7 (b) (b) 3% of sodiumenzyme
Intracellular chloride solution
Hypertonic
Enzymes that catalyses
to the
reactions
red blood
within
cell a cell 1
e.g. DNAWater
polymerase,
diffuse ATPase
out of the red blood cell by 1
osmosis
Extracellular enzyme
Cell shrinks 1
Enzymes thatisleave
This calledthe cell and catalyses reactions
crenation 1
outside
0.1% sodium chloride solution 1
e.g. Amylase, pepsin,
Hypertonic totrypsin
the red blood cell 1 4
Water diffuse into the red blood cell by osmosis 1
Cells ruptured because no cell wall 1
7 This is called haemolysis 1 8

7 (c) 0.1% of sucrose solution

Hypotonic to the cell sap 1
Water molecules move into the cell by osmosis 1
Cell become turgid/ strong and rigid cellulose
cell wall pushes inwards with an equal force to
prevent cell from rupturing/bursting 1

17% of sucrose solution

Isotonic to the cell sap 1
Water diffuses into and out of the cells at equal
rates 1
No change in the original size of the cell 1

30% of sucrose solution

8 1
Hypertonic to the cell sap
Water molecules diffuse out of the cell by
osmosis 1
Cytoplasm shrinks away from the cell wall and
plasmolysis occur / cell become flaccid 1 9
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9
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9 (b) (i) Cloning technique

Mammary gland cell with the nucleus was
taken from Finn Dorset Sheep 1
An egg was obtained from another female

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 sheep (Scottish Blackface) by remove the
nucleus, leaving a nucleus-free egg cell 1
The mammary gland cell was inserted into
the nucleus-free egg cell 1
2 combined cells were given an electric
shock to fuse them 1
Egg was implanted into surrogate mother
.Dolly was born 1 5
9 (b)(ii) Advantages
Can be produced quickly and economically 1
Disease-free plants can be grown from a few
disease-free cells. E.g. crop plants 1
Prevent endangered species from extinction 1

Disadvantages
Almost all cloned mammals suffer some kind
of genetic damage 1
Decrease genetic variation 1
Clones share the same weaknesses among
members of the same clone because they
are genetically identical 1
Raise many ethical, moral and religious
issues 1

Choose any
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