PILE CAP DESIGN

Loaded width - x 2 Pile Cap, height h

e
ex
b

P1 x P2 e

PILE CAP DESIGN TRUSS METHOD

DESIGN INPUT - 2 PILES - WITH ECCENTRICITY
; ULS axial load; Fuls = 254.7 kN
; Characteristic axial load; Fchar = 175.7 kN
; Pile diameter; = 300 mm
; Pile spacing; s = 1900 mm
; Eccentricity from centroid of pile cap; ex = 460 mm
The characteristic load in pile, 1 is; Fchar_pile_1 = Fchar (s/2 - ex)/s = 45.3 kN
The characteristic load in pile, 2 is; Fchar_pile_2 = Fchar (s/2 + ex)/s = 130.4 kN
;;; Pile cap overhang ; e = 700 mm
Overall length of pile cap; L = s + + 2 e = 3600 mm
Overall width of pile cap; b = + 2 e = 1700 mm
; Overall height of pile cap; h = 600 mm
; Dimension of loaded area; x = 500 mm; (parallel to pile cap)

COVER
; BS 8110 : Part 1 : 1997 .... Table 3.3
Grade; fcu = 40.0 N/mm2; Cover; cnom = 40 mm; exposure = "Severe"
; Cover to be adopted; cadopt = 40 mm
Depth to tension steel; d = h - cadopt - Ldia_try - Dtry/2 = 538 mm

PILE CAP FORCES

Maximum compression within pile cap; Fc = max(Fc1, Fc2) = 255.7 kN
Maximum tension within pile cap; Ft = max(Ft1, Ft2) = 172.2 kN
COMPRESSION IN PILE CAP - SUGGESTED ADDITIONAL CHECK
Check compression diagonal as an unreinforced column, using a core equivalent to pile diameter
;;; Pc = 0.4 fcu 2/4 = 1131.0 kN
 PASS
Compression
Cl. 3.8.4.3

TENSION IN ONE TRUSS MEMBER

;;; fy = 460 N/mm2 ; ms = 1.15 ; As_req = Ft /(1/ms fy) =430 mm2
; Try 8 No. 16 dia bar(s); As_prov = Ast = 1608 mm2
Pt = (1/ms fy) As_prov = 643.2 kN
PASS Tension
Cl. 3.11.4.2

MAX / MIN AREAS OF REINFORCEMENT

Ast_min = kt Ac = 1326 mm2 ;Ast_max = 4 % Ac = 40800 mm2
Area of
tension steel
provided OK
Cl. 3.12.6 & Table
3.25

SHEAR

Applied shear stress

;; V1 = Fuls_pile_1 = 65.7 kN; V2 = Fuls_pile_2 = 189.0 kN

;; Width of pile cap shear plane; bv = min( b, 3 ) = 900 mm

; v1 = V1/(bv d) = 0.14 N/mm2; v2 = V2/(bv d) = 0.39 N/mm2

; vallowable = min ((0.8 N1/2/mm) (fcu ), 5 N/mm2 ) = 5.00 N/mm2

Shear stress - OK
Cl. 3.4.5.2

Design concrete shear strength

Determine concrete shear strengths on the sections at distance / 5 inside face of each pile:
Cl. 3.11.4.3 & fig. 3.23

From BS 8110 : Part 1 : 1997 .... Table 3.8; vc_25 = 0.43 N/mm2

Adopting shear enhancement rules to Cl. 3.4.5.8 and fig. 3.5

Case 1

vc = 0.51 N/mm2; av_1 = 1070 mm

vc_enh_1 = min( vallowable , 2 d vc / av_1 ) = 0.51 N/mm2

Concrete shear strength - OK, no links reqd. for case 1

Case 2

vc = 0.51 N/mm2; av_2 = 150 mm

vc_enh_2 = min( vallowable , 2 d vc / av_2 ) = 3.63 N/mm2

Concrete shear strength - OK, no links reqd. for case 2

Table 3.16
 Note: If no links are provided, the bond strengths for PLAIN bars must

be

used in calculations for anchorage and lap lengths.

Cl. 3.12.8.3

CLEAR DISTANCE BETWEEN BARS IN TENSION (CL 3.12.11.2.4)

;;;;; Bar spacing; spacingbars = max( 0mm, (b- 2 (cadopt + Ldia) - Dt)/(Lnt - 1) - Dt) = 210 mm
spacingmax = min((47000 N/mm)/fs, 300 mm) = 300 mm
; spacingmin = hagg + 5 mm = 25 mm
Bar spacing OK

CLEAR DISTANCE BETWEEN BEAM CORNER AND TENSION BARS (CL 3.12.11.2.5)
;;; Distcorner = (cadopt + Ldia + Dt/2) (2) - Dt/2 = 77 mm
spacingmax = min((47000 N/mm)/fs, 300 mm) = 300 mm
; Distmax = spacingmax /2 = 150 mm
Max distance to beam corner check - OK

ANCHORAGE OF TENSION STEEL

; From BS 8110 : Part 1 : 1997 .... Table 3.27, fcu 25 N/mm2
factor =62; lap_type ="1.4tens_lap"; reft_type = "def2_fy460"
;; For detailing;;Grade 460 Bars 16; rbar = 48 mm; nbar = 100 mm; hbar = 180 mm
;; Minimum anchorage length or lap length required as selected; L table 3.27 = factor Dt = 992 mm
; For pile caps, also check anchorage length to cl. 3.12.9.4 (b); L cl. 3.12.9.4 = 12 Dt + d/2 = 461 mm
Required minimum effective anchorage length; La = max(Ltable 3.27, Lcl. 3.12.9.4) = 992 mm

BEARING STRESS ON BEND - INTERNAL BAR - EXTENDING AT LEAST 4 D PAST THE BEND
;; Tension bar centres; Barccs = spacingbars + Dt = 226 mm ; Internal bar
;;; Force per bar at bend; Fbt = Ft /Lnt = 21.5 kN
Bearing stress ; fbt = Fbt /(rbarDt) = 28.02 N/mm2
; Bearing capacity; Fbt_max = rbar Dt 2 fcu /(1 + 2(Dt/Barccs)) = 53.8 kN
fbt_max = Fbt_max /(rbarDt) = 70.07 N/mm2
PASS -
Bearing
stress at bend

DEFLECTION CHECK (CL 3.4.6)

;;;; b = 1.0 ; fs = 2 fy As_req /(3 As_prov b) = 82.1 N/mm2
;;; factortens = min( 2, 0.55 + (477 N/mm2 - fs)/(120 (0.9 N/mm2 + Ft /(bd )))) = 2.000
Modified span to depth ratio; modfspan_depth = factortens basicspan_depth = 40.0
;; Span of pile cap for deflection check; Ls = 1900 mm
Actual span to depth ratio; actualspan_depth = Ls /d = 3.53
PASS - Deflection
;