Aerodynamics-1 2nd mid-semester examination

1) Answer any 6 questions. Each question carries 2 marks.

(a) For which type of airfoil will Kutta condition not impose the trailing edge to be a stagnation point? Why?
(b) What is the main advantage of Karman-Trefftz airfoil profile over Joukowski airfoil?
(c) In thin airfoil theory, after assuming the airfoil to be of negligible thickness and vorticity to be distributed on camber line
and also velocity perturbations to be small, what condition is enforced to derive the general equation valid for any shape
and how?
(d) What do you understand by a horse-shoe vortex used to model a finite wing?
(e) How does the camber affect the lift-curve slope in thin airfoil theory? Why?
(f) Why are trailing vortices created for a finite wing? What is their effect on the flow past wing?
(g) Describe the K-J conformal transformation that can be used to generate the shape of a cambered airfoil.
(h) State the Biot-Savart law for a vortex filament.
(i) State two limitations of Lifting-Line theory.
(j) Describe the two types of lift on a delta wing at a finite angle of attack.
2) Answer any 2 questions. Each question carries 4 marks.
(a) Consider a point vortex placed in uniform flow. How many stagnation points are possible in this flow? Calculate their
position in terms of freestream velocity and circulation of vortex.
(b) Consider the conformal transformation (z) = z2. How will a uniform flow in z-plane get transformed in the plane?
(c) The equation of camber line of NACA 23012 airfoil is given by

. Calculate the location of centre of pressure at

angle of attack 3 using thin airfoil theory.
(d) Show that, for an unswept wing of same airfoil from root to tip, an elliptic loading distribution would require elliptic
chord distribution.
(e) Consider an elliptic NACA 0012 wing of aspect ratio 6. Calculate the coefficient of lift at angle of attack 5.

Aerodynamics-1 2nd mid-semester examination

1) Answer any 6 questions. Each question carries 2 marks.
(a) For which type of airfoil will Kutta condition not impose the trailing edge to be a stagnation point? Why?
(b) What is the main advantage of Karman-Trefftz airfoil profile over Joukowski airfoil?
(c) In thin airfoil theory, after assuming the airfoil to be of negligible thickness and vorticity to be distributed on camber line
and also velocity perturbations to be small, what condition is enforced to derive the general equation valid for any shape
and how?
(d) What do you understand by a horse-shoe vortex used to model a finite wing?
(e) How does the camber affect the lift-curve slope in thin airfoil theory? Why?
(f) Why are trailing vortices created for a finite wing? What is their effect on the flow past wing?
(g) Describe the K-J conformal transformation that can be used to generate the shape of a cambered airfoil.
(h) State the Biot-Savart law for a vortex filament.
(i) State two limitations of Lifting-Line theory.
(j) Describe the two types of lift on a delta wing at a finite angle of attack.
2) Answer any 2 questions. Each question carries 4 marks.
(a) Consider a point vortex placed in uniform flow. How many stagnation points are possible in this flow? Calculate their
position in terms of freestream velocity and circulation of vortex.
(b) Consider the conformal transformation (z) = z2. How will a uniform flow in z-plane get transformed in the plane?
(c) The equation of camber line of NACA 23012 airfoil is given by

. Calculate the location of centre of pressure at angle of

attack 3 using thin airfoil theory.
(d) Show that, for an unswept wing of same airfoil from root to tip, an elliptic loading distribution would require elliptic
chord distribution.
(e) Consider an elliptic NACA 0012 wing of aspect ratio 6. Calculate the coefficient of lift at angle of attack 5.