Philippine Civil Aviation Regulations Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines

PART 1
General Polocies and Procedures
LIST OF PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES
Refer to
ICAO Doc 9654: Manual on Prevention of Problematic Use of Substances in the Aviation Workplace
(a) Alcohol
(b) Opioids
(c) Cannabinoids
(d) Sedatives and hypnotics
(e) Cocaine and other stimulants (except caffeine)
(f) Hallucinogens
(g) Volatile solvents

Monetary penalty
Maximum: 500T Moderate: 400T Minimum: 300T

Critical engine(s). Any engine whose failure gives the most adverse effect on the aircraft
characteristics relative to the case under consideration.

Under Safety Management system

Guidance on defining safety performance is contained in ICAO Doc 9859 Safety Management Manual.

PART

(1) Category ratings in the following aircraft:

(i) Airplane
(ii) Helicopter
(iii) Glider
(iv) Free Balloon

a) Pilot licenses:
(1) Private pilot license (PPL);
(2) Commercial pilot license (CPL);
(3) Airline Transport pilot license (ATPL);
(4) Multi-crew Pilot License (MPL);
(5) Glider pilot license; and
(6) Free balloon pilot license.
b) Flight engineer license.
c) Flight navigator license.
d) Aviation maintenance technician license (AMT).
e) Aviation maintenance specialist license (AMS).
f) Air traffic controller license (ATCO).
g) Flight operations officer (Flight Dispatcher) license;
h) Aeronautical station operator.
i) Cabin Crew License

For Maintenance:
(1) Airframe
(2) Powerplant
(3) Airframe and Powerplant
(2) Class ratings in the following aircraft:
(i) Single-engine land - airplane
(ii) Single-engine sea - airplane
(iii) Multi-engine land - airplane
(iv) Multi-engine sea- airplane

CERTIFICATES
(a) The following certificates are issued when an applicant satisfactorily accomplishes
the requirements in this Part for the certificate sought:

(1) Medical certificate Class 1 for CPL, ATPL, Flight engineer and Flight navigator
license
(2) Medical certificate of Class 2 for PPL, Glider, Free balloon pilot and Cabin Crew
License
(3) Medical certificate Class 3 for Air traffic controller license
Note: A license that has been surrendered or has expired shall be considered as an
expired license
Note: A license that has been suspended or revoked may be reissued or reinstated subject to the Director
Generals approval

c) A person who holds an expired Philippine license, ratings authorization or certificate

for LESS THAN thirty six (36) months must pass the knowledge test on the Air Law
to be administered by the Authority prior to the re-issue of the said license;

(d) A person who holds expired Philippine license, ratings, authorization or certificate for
MORE THAN thirty six (36) months must undergo the same process as the initial or
original license application, including passing the Air Law, ALL the theoretical or
knowledge test of the license in question and skill test and oral test requirements to
be administered by the Authority prior to the re-issue of the said license;

(e) In addition to the requirements of PCAR 2.2.11 (c), a holder of an expired FLIGHT
DISPATCHER LICENSE, rating, authorization or certificate for MORE THAN thirty six
(36) months shall be required to undergo the appropriate refresher course for the
said license.

CLASS RATINGS - AIRPLANE AND HELICOPTER AND POWERED-LIFTS

(1) a multi-engine class rating is 1 calendar year;
Renewal: complete a proficiency check, completed 10 route sectors within the 3 months preceding the
expiry date.

(2) a single-engine class rating is 2 calendar years.

Renewal: complete a proficiency check, 2 hours flight time within the 12 months preceding the expiry
date.

Type Ratings
Experience: have at least 100 hours as pilot-in-command
if applicable, an instrument rating
completed a CRM course
demonstrated in a test, the ATPL knowledge
the validity period of a type rating is 1 year.
CATEGORY II AND III AUTHORIZATION
The applicant for a Category II or III pilot Authorization shall have at least:
(1) 50 hours of night flight time as PIC;
(2) 75 hours of instrument time under actual or simulated instrument conditions; and
(3) 250 hours of cross-country flight time as PIC.
Category II and III Authorization is 6 months

LIMITATION OF PRIVILEGES OF PILOTS WHO HAVE ATTAINED THEIR

60THBIRTHDAY
No person who holds a pilot license under this Part shall serve as pilot-in-command on a
Philippine-registered civil aircraft engaged in international commercial air transport

No person who holds a pilot license issued under this Part shall serve as a pilot in-command
on a Philippine-registered civil aircraft engaged in commercial air transport in a multi-crew
operation if that person reached 60th year of age unless the other pilot is younger than 60
years of age.

CURTAILMENT OF PRIVILEGES OF PILOTS WHO HAVE ATTAINED

THEIR 65TH BIRTHDAY

No person who holds a pilot license under this Part shall serve as pilot-in-command or as co-
pilot on a Philippine-registered civil aircraft engaged in international commercial air
transport

67th - No person who holds a pilot license under this Part shall serve as pilot-in command or as
co-pilot on a Philippine-registered civil aircraft engaged in domestic commercial air
transport

- may be allowed to fly as a pilot-in-command or co-pilot provided the flight is not in

pursuance of commercial air transport operations, singly or collectively, and a
mandatory CAAP medical examination every six (6) months

Not commercial air transport operations if;

(1) Training or demonstration flights of Approved Training Organizations;
(2) Corporate flights for the purpose of transporting the companys executives, employees and/or
clients;
(3) The cargo on board is owned by the aircraft owner/operator.

Student Pilot License (SPL)

- 16 yrs of age minimum
- Class 2 Med

Private Pilot License (PPL)

- 17 yrs of age minimum
- Class 2 Med
- 5 years VALIDITY

Commercial Pilot License (CPL)

- 18 yrs of age minimum
- Class 1 Med
- 5 years VALIDITY
Airline Transport Pilot License (ATPL)
- 21 yrs of age minimum
- Class 1 Med
- 5 yrs VALIDITY
Multi Crew and Instrument Rating
- 5 yrs VALIDITY

GLIDER PILOT LICENSE

- 16 yrs of age minimum
- Class 2 Med
- 5 yrs of VALIDITY

FREE BALLOON PILOT LICENSE

- 16 yrs of age minimum
- Class 2 Med
- 5 yrs of VALIDITY

AVIATION MAINTENANCE LICENSING

(1) Aviation Maintenance Technician (AMT)
(2) Aviation Maintenance Specialist (AMS)

Aviation Maintenance Technician (AMT)

- 18 yrs old
2 yrs VALIDITY

Ratings
(1) Airframe
(2) Powerplant
(3) Airframe and Powerplant

Aviation Maintenance Specialist (AMS)

- 18 yrs old
- 3 yrs VALIDITY
The following ratings are issued under this subpart:
(1) Limited Airframe:
(i) Fixed wing
(ii) Rotary wing
(iii) Aircraft Systems, Hydraulics
(iv) Aircraft Systems, Pneumatics
(v) Aircraft Emergency and Safety Equipment
(vi) Aircraft Structures, Sheet metal
(vii) Aircraft Structures, Composites
(viii) Aircraft Structures, Woodwork/Fabric
(2) Limited Powerplant:
(i) Piston
(ii) Propellers
(iii) Turbine
(iv) Fuel Systems
(3) Avionics
(i) Electrical
(ii) Instruments
(iii) AFCS Fixed wing
(iv) AFCS Rotary wing
 (v) Navigation
(vi) Radio
(4) Specialized Services
(i) Welding
(ii) Non-destructive testing (subject to compliance with P.N.S. 146)

Air Traffic Controller License

- Not Less than 21 yrs of age
- Class 3 Medical Certificate
- Valid for 5 years
Flight Operations Officer License
- Not Less than 21 yrs of age
- Valid for 5 years

PART 3
Approved Training Organization
Overall approval Accountable Manager
An applicant for an ATO certificate and training specifications shall apply at least 120
calendar days before the beginning of any proposed training.

the initial certificate will be valid for 1 year and the validity of a renewed certificate is 3 years.

PART 4
*Note: Font to be used was said to be Times New Roman

Aircraft RP-C
Glider RP-G
Industrial purpose RP-R (complying in some limited respect with the airworthiness requirements)
Experimental RP-X
Non type Certified RP-S
Large UAV RP-U

(b) Required registration marks must be located on the visible side of the Electronic
Control Module (ECM). All UAVs where the ECM can be installed must comply
with the registration marking requirements of the Authority.

(c) Size of registration marks must be proportionate to the UAV or ECM.

(d) Registration marks must be made of waterproof, weather resistant inks, paints or
sticker (decal). (per Memorandum Circular No. 35-14, Series of 2014)

MARKINGS
Heavier-than-air aircraft,
(i) 50 centimeters high if on the wings; and
(ii) 30 centimeters high if on the fuselage (or equivalent structure) and vertical tail surfaces

Lighter-than-air aircraft other than unmanned free balloons, shall be at least 50 centimeters high.
Unmanned free balloons, shall be determined by the Authority
Width (W) 2/3 H
1 1/6 H

M&W2H

Thickness 1/6 H
Spacing not less than W
 PART 5

CONTINUED AIRWORTHINESSOF AIRCRAFT AND COMPONENTS

The Authority shall transmit to the State of Design of all mandatory continuing
airworthiness information in respect of a product or a modification which it, as the
State of Registry, originated in respect of that aircraft. (per Memorandum Circular
No. 36-14, Series of 2014 Dated 21 November 2014)

REPORTING OF FAILURES, MALFUNCTIONS, AND DEFECTS

Product Classes
Class 1 Complete Aircraft, Aircraft Engine, or Propeller
Class II product is a major component of a Class I product
Class III product is any part or component which is not a Class I or Class II

Weighing of Aircraft
Philippine registered aircraft shall be re-weighed at the following periods:
(1) When used for commercial or aerial work operations every three (3) years;
(2) When used for commercial operations and with CAAP approved weight control
program, at such periods as determined by the weight control program;
(3) When used in general aviation every five (5) years, or
(4) For any aircraft at such times as the Director General may direct.

A complete and continuous record of a modification performed and their resultant

change to the Mass and CG limits shall be maintained for all aircraft.

A revised Load Data sheet shall be issued before flight.

(1) For airplanes, when the empty weight has changed by more than one half of one
percent of the max. T.O.W. or 10 kg, whichever is the greater, or the empty
weight center of gravity position has changed by more than 2% of the maximum
permissible center of gravity range or 5 mm, whichever is the greater;
(2) For rotorcraft, when the empty weight has changed by more than one percent of
the max. T.O.W. or 10 kg, whichever is the greater, or the empty weight center of
gravity position has changed by more than 10 mm or 10 percent of the maximum
permissible center of gravity range whichever is the less. (21 March 2011)

(a) Owners or operators of airplane over 5,700 kg and helicopters over 3, 175
maximum take-off weight shall report to the Authority and to the aircrafts Type
Certificate Holder any failure, malfunction, or defect that result in at least the
following. (per Memorandum Circular No. 36-14, Series of 2014 Dated 21
November 2014)

PART 6
Accountable Manager (Maintenance). The manager who has corporate authority for ensuring that
all maintenance, preventive maintenance, and modification required by the aircraft owner/operator
can be financed and carried out to the standard required by the Authority

a) The AMO certificate will consist of two documents

(1) A one page certificate signed by the Authority, and
(2) A multi-page specific operating provisions signed by the Accountable Manager
and the Authority, containing the terms, conditions, and authorizations.

Powerplant. The system consisting of all the engines, drive system components (if applicable), and
propellers (if installed), their accessories, ancillary part, and fuel and oil systems installed on an aircraft
but excluding the rotors for a helicopter. (per Memorandum Circular No. 36-14, Series of 2014 dated 21
November 2014)

(a) A certificate or rating issued to an approved maintenance organization located in the

Republic of the Philippines is effective from the date of issue until:

(1) The last day of the 24th month after the date on which it was issued. (2 yrs)
(2) The approved maintenance organization surrenders it, or,
(3) The CAAP suspends or revokes it.
Note: AMO certificates previously issued without an expiry date will remain valid until
the last day of the 24th month after the date on which it was issued. (21 March 2011)

(b) A certificate or rating issued to an approved maintenance organization located outside the
Republic of the Philippines is effective from the date of issue until:

(1) The last day of the 12 th month after the date on which it was issued,
(2) The approved maintenance organization surrenders the certificate, or
(3) The Authority suspends or revokes the certificate.
(c) The holder of a certificate that expires or is surrendered, suspended, or revoked by
the CAAP must return the certificate and specific operating provisions to the CAAP.
(21 March 2011)
(d) A certificated approved maintenance organization that applies for a renewal of its CAAP
approved maintenance organization certificate: must submit its request for renewal with
supporting documents no later than 60 days before the approved maintenance organization's
current certificate expires. Late submission of the renewal request may result in the application
being treated as a new application for an AMO.
PART 7

No person may operate any aircraft unless it is equipped with the following flight and
navigational instruments:
(1) An airspeed indicator;
(2) A sensitive pressure altimeter, adjustable for any barometric pressure likely to be set during
flight;
(3) A vertical speed indicator;
(4) A turn and slip indicator, or a turn coordinator incorporating a slip indicator;
(5) A magnetic compass;
(6) A means of indicating in the flight crew compartment the outside air temperature;
(7) An accurate timepiece indicating the time in hours, minutes and seconds

Whenever an aircraft is operating at night or when two pilots are required, each pilot's station
shall have separate flight instruments as listed in (a) and additionally as follows;
(1) An attitude indicator (artificial horizon); and
(2) A stabilized direction indicator (directional gyroscope).
No person may operate any powered aircraft without the following engine instruments:
(1) A means for indicating fuel quantity in each fuel tank to be used;
(2) An oil pressure indicator for each engine;
(3) An oil temperature indicator for each engine;
(4) A manifold pressure indicator for each engine with controllable pitch propellers; and
(5) A tachometer for each engine.

no AOC operator may operate any powered aircraft without the following engine instruments:
(1) A carburetor air temperature indicator for each piston engine;
(2) A cylinder head temperature indicator for each air-cooled piston engine;
(3) A fuel pressure indicator for each engine;
(4) A fuel flow meter or fuel mixture indicator for each engine not equipped with an automatic
altitude mixture control;
(5) An oil quantity indicator for each oil-tank when a transfer or separate oil reserve supply is
used;
(6) An independent fuel pressure warning device for each engine or a master warning device for
all engines with a means for isolating the individual warning circuits from the master warning
device; and
(7) A device for each reversible propeller, to indicate to the pilot when the propeller is in reverse
pitch, which complies with the following:

No aircraft with a maximum certificated take-off mass of 27,000 kg may engage in Extended
over-water operations without a securely attached underwater locating device operating at a
frequency of 8.8kHz. This automatically activated underwater locating device shall operate for a
minimum of 30 days and shall not be installed in wings or empennage

For flight recorders

have securely attached an automatically activated underwater locating device operating at a
frequency of 37.5 kHz. At the earliest practicable date, but not later than 1 January 2018, this
device shall operate for a minimum of 90 days.

PART 8
Instrument approach and landing
Category 1 Decision height not lower than 60 m (200 ft)
Visibility not less than 800 m or a Runway visual Range (RVR) not less than 550
meters
Category 2 Decision height lower than 60 m (200 ft) but not lower than 30 m (100 ft)
RVR not less than 300 m
Category IIIA Decision height lower than 30 m (100 ft) or no decision height
 RVR not less than 175 m
Category IIIB Decision height lower than 15 m (50 ft) or no decision height
RVR less than 175m but not less than 50
Category IIIC No decision height and no RVR

Emergency Locator Transmitter

Automatic Fixed ELT [ELT (AP)] Permanently attached to an aircraft
Automatic Portable ELT [ELT (AF)] Rigidly attached to an aircraft but readily removable from
the aircraft
Automatic Deployable ELT [ ELT (AD)] Automatically deployed and activated by impact.
Manual deployment is also provided
Survival Deployable ELT [ELT (S)] a removable ELT, stowed so as to facilitate its ready use in
an emergency. Manually activated by survivors.

Extended Over-Water Operations

- With aircraft having a take-off mass of 5700 kg (12 000 lbs) or more.
Horizontal distance of more than 400 nm from the nearest shoreline
120 minutes of flight with one engine inoperative
- With aircraft having a take-off mass equal to or less than 5700 kg (12 000 lbs)
Horizontal Distance of more than 100 nm from the nearest shoreline
30 minutes of flight with one engine inoperative
- With respect to helicopters
Horizontal distance of more than 50 nm from the nearest shoreline
More than 50 nm from an offshore heliport structure

Annual Inspection
May be used for non-complex aircraft with a maximum take-off mass of less than 5, 700 kg that
are not used for commercial air transport.
May be performed by an AMT / A&P in accordance with Part 2 or an AMO
No person may operate an aircraft unless, within the preceding 12 calendar-months:
An annual inspection was conducted or an inspection for the issuance of a certificate of
airworthiness was completed in accordance with PCAR Part 5

a) No person may act or attempt to act as a crew member of a civil aircraft:

(1) Within 8 hours after the consumption of any alcoholic beverage;
(2) While under the influence of alcohol; or
(3) While using any drug that affects the person's faculties in any way contrary to

safety.
Flight Plan
The PIC shall submit a flight plan before departure or during flight, to the appropriate
ATC facility, unless arrangements have been made for submission of repetitive flight
plans.
Unless otherwise prescribed by the appropriate ATC authority, a pilot should submit
a flight plan to the appropriate ATC facility
(1) At least sixty (60) minutes before departure; or
(2) If submitted during flight, at a time which will ensure its receipt by the appropriate
ATC facility at least ten (10) minutes before the aircraft is estimated to reach-
(i) The intended point of entry into a control area or advisory area; or
(ii) The point of crossing an airway or advisory route.

Right of way
Less maneuverable has right of way
Emergency overrides the rules

PART 9

Each applicant shall make the application for an initial issue of an AOC at least 90 days
before the date of intended operation, except the Operations Manual specified in Subpart
9.3.1.2 and Maintenance Control Manual specified in Subpart 9.4.1.4, which may be
submitted later but not less than 60 days before the date of intended operation.

An Air Operator Certificate issued by the Authority is effective for a period of 24 months

The operator suspends operations for more than 60 days. (AOC will be invalid)

An operator shall make application for renewal of an AOC at least 30 days before the end of the
existing period of validity.

An operator shall make application for renewal of an AOC at least 60 days before the expiry
date on the certificate.
PART 10
An air operator who does not hold an Air Operator Certificate issued by the Authority shall not
operate an aircraft in Republic of the Philippines unless it holds an Operations Specifications issued
to it by the Authority.

No foreign air operator may accept dangerous goods for transport by air in the
Republic of the Philippines unless the foreign air operator:
(1) Has been authorized to do so by the foreign Authority; and
(2) Has conducted the required personnel training

PART 11

Certified UAV Controller. means a person certified under Subpart 11.11.1.7 as

a controller of UAVs
Controller of a UAV. means a person who performs a function that would be, if
the UAV were a manned aircraft, a function of its flight crew.
Large UAV.
An unmanned airship with an envelope capacity greater than 100 cubic meters;
An unmanned powered parachute with a launch mass greater than 150 kilograms;
An unmanned airplane with a launch mass greater than 150 kilograms;
An unmanned rotorcraft with a launch mass greater than 100 kg.
An unmanned powered lift device with a launch mass greater than 100kg.

Micro UAV. means a UAV with a gross weight of 100 grams or less.
Small UAV. means UAV that is not a large UAV or a micro UAV.
UAV. means unmanned aircraft, other than a balloon or a kite. (per
Memorandum Circular No. 35-14, Series of 2014 dated 20 November 2014)

UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE (UAV)

 OPERATION NEAR PEOPLE
shall not operate a UAV within 30 meters of a person who is not directly associated with the
operation of the UAV.
does not prevent the operation of a UAV airship within 30 meter of a person if the airship
approaches no closer to the person than 10 meters horizontally and 30ft vertically.

UAV AREAS OF OPERATION

(a) No person may operate UAV beyond the following envelope unless prior approval
has been granted by the Authority:
(1) 400ft Above Ground Level (AGL);
(2) 10 km radius from the Aerodrome Reference Point (ARP); and

(b) The UAV shall stay clear of populated area unless prior approval has been granted
by the Authority.

(c) No person may operate a large and small UAV in a controlled airspace unless a prior
certificate of Waiver is issued by the Authority.
Large UAV Airworthiness Certificate
(a) No person may operate a large UAV unless a certificate of registration and a special
certificate of airworthiness (restricted category) or an experimental certificate has
been issued in accordance with PCAR Part 4 and Part 5.
PART 13
(a) The operator of a civil, state or foreign aircraft shall file a report in the form and manner
prescribed by the Authority
(1) Within 10 days after an accident or incident; or
(2) After 7 days if an overdue aircraft is still missing

PART 18

This Part prescribes the requirements of the Republic of the Philippines that apply to the
carriage of dangerous goods by air as specified in
(1) The International Civil Aviation Organization Document, Technical Instructions for the
Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air. and all applicable amendments; and
(2) As amplified by, the Dangerous Goods Regulations of the International Air Transport
Association.

(a) Unless otherwise provided for in the Technical Instructions, no person may offer
dangerous goods for transport by air unless they have completed, signed and provided to
the operator a dangerous goods transport document, which shall contain the information
required by those Instructions.
(b) The transport document shall bear a declaration signed by the person who offers
dangerous goods for transport indicating that the dangerous goods are
(1) Fully and accurately described by their proper shipping names; and
(2) Classified, packed, marked, and labelled, and
(3) In proper condition or transport by air in accordance with the relevant regulations
(c) The dangerous goods transport document shall be completed in duplicate.

(a) The operator of an aircraft shall retain for not less than 6 months after the date of
transport
(1) A dangerous goods transport document which has been furnished to him in
accordance with these requirements, and
(2) Checklist used in the acceptance of the dangerous goods consignment.

(b) The AOC holder shall retain the following information for 12 months after the date of
transport
(1) The name and address of each shipper of dangerous goods, and
(2) The name and address of the (people involved)
(c) An AOC holder shall produce a record, notice or report required by this Section within 15
days after the day on which a written request is received from an inspector.