SOCIETY AND CULTURE

with Family Planning, STD, HIV & AIDS

Revision No.:
Prepared by: Mr. RODERICK O. MENDOZA
Reviewed by:
Approved by:

Asian Institute of Maritime Studies

Maritime Campus, Arnaiz Avenue, cor Roxas Boulevard, Pasay City
Philippines 1300
Website: www.aims.ph
Contact No.: (632) 8312467/8322467/8332467/8342467 THE FAMILY
 LEARNING OUTCOMES

1. Define what is Family.

2. Enumerate the Characteristics of Family.
3. Discuss the different functions of Family.
4. Explain the Kinship system and the basis of kinship
5. Explain the changing marital role of Filipino Families.

THE FAMILY
 So, what exactly is a family?

The Debate over Family Definitions:

a group of people related by either blood, marriage, or
adoption
a social institution that unites individuals into cooperative
groups that care for one another, including any children
people with or without legal or blood ties who feel they
belong together
- definition varies from society to society
- definition can change over time

THE FAMILY
Family of Orientation: family that one is born into
Gives name identity
Give heritage
Gives ascribed status
Grants orientation to the world
Family of Procreation: established upon marriage
Legal to have children
Gives name
Becomes ones family of orientation
THE FAMILY Grants orientation to the world
 What is a Family?

A family is a group of people

related by blood, marriage,
or adoption
Nuclear family, same as
immediate, consists of
parents and siblings
Extended family consists of
grandparents and other
close relatives who live in
same household
THE FAMILY
 Basic Types of Families

Nuclear Family: family structure

comprised of parent(s) and children

Extended Family: family structure comprised of two

or more generations of adults who live in the
same household & share economic resources
THE FAMILY
 History of Families
Hunter/Gatherer societies
kept small families because
they were always moving
and it was difficult to feed a
lot of mouths
Once agriculture
developed, families became
larger to help work on
farms
Industrialization has led to
smaller families once again
THE FAMILY
 Additions to Family Types

Blended Family: family structure formed

when at least partner in a marriage has
been married before and has children
from the previous marriage

Single Parent Family: family structure in

which one parent is head of household
raising children without other parent
THE FAMILY
 Additions to Family Types
Childless Family: family structure in which
the married couple choose to or cannot
have children

Same Sex Family: family structure composed

of a homosexual couple living together as
a family with or without children
THE FAMILY
 Which Sitcom Represents Which?
Modern Family

King of Queens

The Brady
Bunch

Full House

THE FAMILY
 Family Structure

Head of Family Patrilineal Matrilineal Bilateral

For Descent & Male Line Female Line Both Equally
Inheritance
Example Iran & Iraq Pueblo People United States

Authority In Patriarchy Matriarchy Equalitarian

Family:
Who Oldest Male Oldest Female Shared By Both
Example Iraq & China Rare/Obsolete United States

THE FAMILY
 Functions of the Family

Provide socio-emotional
maintenance where one is
accepted and supported
Orderly means for
reproduction
Regulate sexual activity
Transmit social status
Economic center for the
family
Once a unit of production
now one of consumption
THE FAMILY
 Conflict and Family

Family members compete

and cooperate
Throughout history,
families have been male
dominated
Men being in control has
prevented women from
working outside the home
and dependant on their
husbands
THE FAMILY
 Symbolic Interactionism & Family

Socialization begins
with the family
Family members
interact and change
each others self
concepts

THE FAMILY
 Todays Journal

Todays Journal What characteristics

are you looking for in a spouse that
you believe will lead to a successful
marriage?

THE FAMILY
 Family and Marriag
in the United State

The American Family

Families are nuclear
2 parents and kids
Families are bilateral
Lineage is traced through both
parents
Families are democratic
Families are neolocal
Live on their own
Families are monogamous

THE FAMILY
 Marriage

A legal union based on

mutual rights and
obligations
Officially sanctions the
birth of children
History of Marriage
(Mr. Hansens Notes)

THE FAMILY
 Marriage

Two Basic Forms of Marriage

Monogamy: marriage between
one man & one women
Polygamy: marriage of
man/women to more than one
person
Two Types of Marriage
Exogamy: marriage to person outside kind or group
Result: Heterogamy (different)
Ex: outside blood line
Endogamy: marriage to person inside kind or group
Result: Homogamy (similar)
Ex: within race/age/caste
THE FAMILY
 Reasons for Marriage
Love
Arrangement
Economic Benefit
Social Class
Companionship

THE FAMILY
 Marriage Practices
Mixed marriages
5% of all marriages
Becoming more
acceptable in the U.S.
Non-Mixed
People Marriages
marry in their own race
or group-endogamy

THE FAMILY
 Choosing a Mate
Marriage was once an
economic union
Family chose spouse for
child through an
arrangement with
another family
Endogomous
Today many marry for
love
THE FAMILY
 Relationships: What is Love?

Strong emotional
attachment to someone
Tend to think of someone
in an idealized fashion
(dont see faults)
Marked physical attraction
that is fulfilled by physical
contact with the other
person

THE FAMILY
 Marriageability with Someone
Adaptability and Flexibility
Developed a we
concept, not a me
Enjoy each others
recreational activites
Same age, race, social
class, religion, education,
temperament
You marry their friends
and family
THE FAMILY
 Traits of a Happy Marriage

Similar social and

recreational interests
Get along well with
spouses parents
Parental approval greatly
increases success
Never thought of
breaking up or taking a
break
No major quarrels,
physical abuse
THE FAMILY
 Todays Journal

Nearly half of all marriages end in

divorce, over half of them involve
children. Should parents consider the
effect a divorce will have on their
children into their decision to get
divorced? Explain.

THE FAMILY
 Divorce

Fault Divorce-one
spouses behavior leads
to irreparable damage to
the relationship
No-Fault Divorce-both
partners accept their
share of blame and
recognize the marriage
simply is not working
THE FAMILY
 Reasons for Divorce

Individual Level
The age of couple
when married
Number of years
couple has been
married
Nature and quality of
the relationship

THE FAMILY
 Reasons for Divorce

Societal Reasons
Divorce rates go up during
economic prosperity
Baby boomers were more
likely to get divorced
because they saw no stigma
Increasing financial
independence of women
Changing values on
marriage and divorce
THE FAMILY
 Single-Parent Families
1 out of every 4 families in U.S.
85% are headed by women
Courts more likely to grant
women custody
Women are more likely to be
abandoned
Increases in affluent single
mothers

THE FAMILY
 Effects of Single-Parent
Families on Children
30% of children
Much higher rates among
AfricanAmerican
Much higher rates of
deviancy
Drug and alcohol abuse,
teen pregnancy, running
away, discipline
problems, truancy
THE FAMILY
 Childless Marriages
20% of all marriages
are childless
More career-oriented
women
Less of a stigma for
women who dont
have children

THE FAMILY
 Dual Employed Marriage
Both parents work
outside the home
Women often are
expected to do most of
the household work in
addition to their outside
job; second shift
Both husband and wife
deal with role conflicts

THE FAMILY
Positives of Dual
Employment
Higher family income
Empowers daughters
Work provides women
with outlet
Husbands and wives
find more in common
Husbands often have a
better relationship
with kids
THE FAMILY
 Cohabitation
Couple lives together
without legal ties of
marriage
A trend of the young,
usually under 45
Surprisingly,
cohabitation is
associated with higher
divorce rates in later
marriage.
THE FAMILY