g Chapter 13

KALBA Operation Manual Fire Protection and Gas Detection

CO2 Fire Protection and Gas Detection

Table of Contents

13.1 Schematic Diagrams ..........................................................................................................2

13.1.1 Fire Protection 360 B 1030, Rev. A, Approved ................................................2

13.1.2 Gas Detection 91- 315 977, Rev. B, Approved 1998-12-21 ..........................2

13.2 Device Summary.................................................................................................................3

13.2.1 Fire Protection .......................................................................................................3

13.2.2 Gas Detection ........................................................................................................5

13.3 Brief Description..................................................................................................................6

13.4 Functional Description........................................................................................................8

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13.1 Schematic Diagrams

13.1.1 Fire Protection

360 B 1030, Rev. A, Approved

13.1.2 Gas Detection

91- 315 977, Rev. B, Approved 1998-12-21

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13.2 Device Summary

13.2.1 Fire Protection

Device Description
45FA-1A Fire Detector Accessory Compartment
INC Close: 1112 48 F/600 9 C
Normal: NO-SPST

45FA-1B Fire Detector Accessory Compartment

INC Close: 1112 48 F/600 9 C
Normal: NO-SPST

45FA-2A Fire Detector Accessory Compartment

INC Close: 1112 48 F/600 9 C
Normal: NO-SPST

45FA-2B Fire Detector Accessory Compartment

INC Close: 1112 48 F/600 9 C
Normal: NO-SPST

45FT-10A Fire Detector near Exhaust Plenum

INC Close: 1112 48 F/600 9 C
Normal: NO-SPST

45FT-10B Fire Detector near Exhaust Plenum

INC Close: 1112 48 F/600 9 C
Normal: NO-SPST

45FT-1A Fire Detector - Turbine Compartment

INC Close: 1112 48 F/600 9 C
Normal: NO-SPST

45FT-1B Fire Detector - Turbine Compartment

INC Close: 1112 48 F/600 9 C
Normal: NO-SPST

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45FT-2A Fire Detector - Turbine Compartment

INC Close: 1112 48 F/600 9 C
Normal: NO-SPST

45FT-2B Fire Detector - Turbine Compartment

INC Close: 1112 48 F/600 9 C
Normal: NO-SPST

45FT-3A Fire Detector - Turbine Compartment

INC Close: 1112 48 F/600 9 C
Normal: NO-SPST

45FT-3B Fire Detector - Turbine Compartment

INC Close: 1112 48 F/600 9 C
Normal: NO-SPST

45FT-9A Fire Detector near Exhaust Plenum

INC Close: 1112 48 F/600 9 C
Normal: NO-SPST

45FT-9B Fire Detector near Exhaust Plenum

INC Close: 1112 48 F/600 9 C
Normal: NO-SPST

5E-1,2 Emergency Push Button in Auxiliary Compartment

SL1-1, 2 Fire Alarm Strobe and Horn

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13.2.2 Gas Detection

Device Description
45HA-4 Gas Detector Gas Compartment
Alarm 5% of L.E.L. Trip 8% of L.E.L.

45HA-5 Gas Detector Gas Compartment

Alarm 5% of L.E.L. Trip 8% of L.E.L.

45HA-6 Gas Detector Gas Compartment

Alarm 5% of L.E.L. Trip 8% of L.E.L.

45HT-1 Gas Detector Turbine Compartment

Alarm 5% of L.E.L. Trip 8% of L.E.L.

45HT-2 Gas Detector Turbine Compartment

Alarm 5% of L.E.L. Trip 8% of L.E.L.

45HT-3 Gas Detector Turbine Compartment

Alarm 5% of L.E.L. Trip 8% of L.E.L.

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13.3 Brief Description

The fire extinguishing plant consists of CO2 high pressure storage cylinders, combined
as a system:
- Initial discharge
- Extended discharge
Each CO2 cylinder is connected to the main and subsequent extinguishing pipes by
high pressure hoses.
An emergency lever for manual release is located at each separate system. This levers
can be activated by an operator in the event of fire.
The carbon dioxide (CO2) fire protection system supplied is designed to extinguish fires
by reducing the oxygen content of the air in a compartment from an atmosphere normal
of 21 percent to less than 15 percent; an insufficient concentration to support the com-
bustion of turbine fuel or lubricating oil. It is located in a separate container (see volume
"CO2 Extinguishing System"). Only the detectors are located inside turbine cladding.
Main system components include: carbon dioxide cylinders, discharge pipes and noz-
zles, solenoid pilot valves, fire detectors, and pressure switches. Refer to the sche-
matic diagram Figure where all system detectors are shown in their respective com-
partments and to Fire protection Equipment in volume "CO2 Extinguishing System",
where all other equipment is listed up and schematically registered.
Carbon dioxide is supplied from a bank of high pressure cylinders to a distribution sys-
tem which conducts the carbon dioxide through pipes to discharge nozzle located in
the various compartments of the gas turbine package.
The solenoid pilot valves which open CO2 cylinders and initiate the discharge are lo-
cated at the cylinder group. These are automatically actuated by an electrical signal
from the heat-sensitive fire detectors (45FA, 45FT) which are strategically located in
the various compartments of the unit. The system may also be manually actuated in
the event of an electrical power failure by means of a handwheel at the top of each pilot
CO2 cylinder. Actuation of the system, either electrically or manually, will trip the tur-
bine. Two separate systems are used: initial discharge and extended discharge. Within
a few seconds after actuation, sufficient CO2 flows from the initial discharge system into
the compartment of the machine to rapidly build up an extinguishing concentration.
This concentration is maintained for a prolonged period of time by the gradual addition
of more CO2 from the extended discharge system to equalize the CO2 losses vented by
small leakages in the different compartments.

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Note

i If the CO2 system has to be effective, the compartment panels must be in

place and the compartment doors closed. There is sufficient CO2 in the
system to compensate for leakage through ventilation openings which
are not closed by CO2 operated dampers and unavoidable cracks in the
package lagging, but there is not enough to allow for uncontrolled es-
cape of CO2 through open panels or doors.
Fuel Gas detectors 45HT-1,2,3 are located in the turbine compartment,
Fuel Gas detectors 45HA-4,5,6 are located in the Gas Compartment.
Location of the Fire detectors:
- 45FA-1A/1B, 45FA-2A/2B in the Accessory Compartment
- Alarm Bell and Flash Light LS-1, 2 in the Accessory Compartment
- 45FT-9A/10A, 45FT-9B/10B , in the Load Gear Compartment
- 45FT-1,2,3A and 1,2,3B in the Turbine Compartment
Refer also to the fire and gas detection system in file "Components".

Warning
Carbon dioxide, in a concentration sufficient to extinguish fire, creates an
atmosphere that will not support life. It is extremely hazardous to enter
the compartments after the CO2 system has been discharged. Anyone
rendered unconscious by CO2 should be rescued as quickly as possible
and revived immediately with artificial respiration. The extent and type of
safeguards and personnel warnings that may be necessary must be de-
signed to meet the particular requirements of each situation. It is recom-
mended that personnel be adequately trained as to the proper action to
take in case of such an emergency .

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13.4 Functional Description

For a better understanding of the CO2 system, a brief description of its operation and
distinctive features is given in the following paragraphs. Refer to the Fire Protection
System Schematic diagram.
Should a fire occur in one of the protected compartments of the unit, the solenoid pilot
valves located on each of the two pilot CO2 cylinders, will be energized by one of the
heat-sensitive fire detectors, 45FA, 45FT.
When the solenoid pilot valves are energized, pilot cylinder pressure is applied to the
pistons of the pilot cylinder discharge heads causing their pistons to move down, the-
reby opening the pilot cylinder valves. The cylinder valve is designed to remain open
until the cylinders are empty.
With the pilot cylinder valves open, discharge of their contents passes through the fle-
xible discharge connectors to the cylinder manifold and piping system. The pressure
developed in the manifold by the pilot cylinder discharge causes the balance of the
primary discharge cylinder valves to open, thereby discharging their contents into the
cylinder manifold and primary discharge piping system.
The differential pressure check valve prevents extended discharge from entering the
primary discharge manifold and piping system. Pressure switc h for initial discharge
connected to the manifold, serves to perform alarm and trip functions.
The CO2 flow rate is controlled by the size of the orifices in the discharge nozzles in
each compartment for the initial and extended discharge system. The orifices for the
initial discharge system permit a rapid discharge of CO 2 to quickly build up an extin-
guishing concentration. The orifices for the extended discharge system are smaller and
permit a relatively slow discharge rate in order to maintain the extinguishing concentra-
tion over a prolonged period of time. By maintaining the extinguishing concentration,
the likelihood of a fire reigniting is minimized. When a fire occurs and the CO2 system is
activated a warning horn will sound in the auxiliary compartment. This serves to warn
all personnel to leave the area immediately. The package lagging shows the activation
of CO2 - System optically.
The package lagging (enclosure) is equipped with openings for the ventilation system.
Since in case of fire the released CO2 would escape to atmosphere, these openings
are equipped with fire - flaps. These flaps are CO2 - pressure operated and held open
by latches. In case of CO2 release the initial discharge pressure opens the latches and
the fire damper flaps fall closed by itself.

For details see Volume "CO2 Extinguishing System."

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