AREP EXCITATION SYSTEM

TM

The AREPTM excitation system is Main

a patented, state of the art system that winding Auxiliary
combines simplicity and winding
performance. It consists of two
special sets of coils that are
wound to fit in carefully selected
slots of the main stator. The special Core
wire selected for the AREPTM coils stack
provide total separation and
isolation from the stator
main winding. The coils can only
be fitted to the main stator while it
is being wound.

MAIN STATOR WINDING

The two auxiliary windings are designed to provide power to the voltage regulator.
The two coils are connected to the three phase power input of the voltage regulator.
One auxiliary winding produces a voltage proportional to the output voltage of the
unit. The other acts like a current transformer and produces a voltage proportional
to the output current of the unit. The two are combined inside the voltage regulator
and provide a constant power source. The simplified schematic below shows the
interconnections between the various components of the alternator.

Rotating Exciter
Diodes
Stator

Main
Terminals

Voltage
Regulator
AREP
Leads

Voltage
Sensing
Leads

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 The curves below provide additional information on the output voltage of the
auxiliary windings related to the load applied to the generator. The Shunt winding
clearly provides most of the no load excitation current required for the generator. Its
output is constant up to 150-200% of rated load. If the load is increased above these
levels, the regulator does not get enough power to maintain the rated output voltage of the
generator and the voltage collapse.

Shunt Auxiliary Winding Series Boost Auxiliary Winding

Output Output
Voltage Voltage

0% 100% 200% 300% 0% 100% 200% 300%

Load Current Load Current

The Series Boost auxiliary winding provides little if any excitation at no load.
However, its output increases with the load and saturates between 250-300% of rated
current. This means that above 250-300% of rated current, the output voltage of the
Series Boost auxiliary winding levels off. That leveled value is calculated to be sufficient
for the regulator to provide the 250-300% short circuit current shown in the standard data
sheets. The curve below clearly shows that the combination of the two auxiliary
windings provides a constant power source for the voltage regulator. The curve to the
right shows the output voltage of the generator with the load clearly showing that
the combined output of the two auxiliary windings is sufficient to provide the
short circuit current capability.

AREP Auxiliary Windings Generator Output Voltage

Series Series
Output Boost Output Boost
Voltage Voltage
Shunt Shunt

Generator
Voltage

0% 100% 200% 300% 0% 100% 200% 300%

Load Current Load Current

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 One key element of the AREPTM
excitation system is its ability to
operate with all types of load
including heavy SCR, UPS or VFD.
The AREPTM system inherent ability
to work with non linear loads comes
from the filtered DC power supply
and its power transistor. Non linear
loads create flux distortions that
appear in the output of the auxiliary
windings. The first stage of the
voltage regulator is a full wave three
phase rectifier bridge that feeds the
power transistor through a large
filter capacitor. This filter provides a clean DC source of power for the Automatic
Voltage Regulator that is independent of the load distorted output voltage of the
alternator. In addition, the transistor is operated in Pulse Width Modulation at a
frequency different than the synchronous frequency and therefore prevents load SCR
tracking. The ability of the AREPTM system to work with non linear loads does not
replace the normal consideration to the sizing of the alternator and the effect of the
voltage harmonics to the stability or performance of the load itself.

The constant power supply provided by the auxiliary windings also gives the
generator excellent transient performance with load fluctuations.

Also, some utilities prohibit machines having a short-circuit capability to be operated

in parallel with their network either during bumpless re-transfer or continuous
cogeneration or peak shaving. The AREPTM system is designed such that the short circuit
current capability can be disabled during parallel operation with the utility and fully
turned on during stand alone operation for maximum performance.

The immunity to non linear loads, the excellent motor starting and the short circuit
current capability are standard AREPTM features not available on Self Excited generators.
The AREPTM provides these features with no additional components and, inside the same
physical envelope of Self Excited generators.

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