Arrange and identify topic sentence

A
._____ Next, add antifreeze to your windshield washer fluid; otherwise, the fluid will freeze and possibly break the
container.
______First, put on snow tires if you plan to drive on snowy, icy roads very often.
______Driving in winter, especially on snowy, icy roads, can be less troublesome if you take a few simple
precautions.
______Finally, it is also a good idea to carry tire chains, a can of spray to unfreeze door locks, and a windshield
scraper in your car when driving in winter weather.
______Second, check the amount of antifreeze in your radiator and add more if necessary.

B
.______A breakthrough in one of these areas will hopefully provide a means of relieving both the overstretched oil
market and the environment.
______Researchers in the automobile industry are experimenting with different types of engines and fuels as
alternatives to the conventional gasoline engines.
______One new type of engine, which burns diesel oil instead of gasoline, has been available for several years.
______Finally, several automobile manufacturers are experimenting with methanol, which is a mixture of gasoline
and methyl alcohol, as an automobile fuel.
______A further type is the gas turbine engine, which can use fuels made from gasoline, diesel oil, kerosene and
other petroleum distillates.
_______The increasing depletion of oil reserves, along with environmental concerns, have prompted some radical
developments in car design over the past few years

C
.____Later on, people began to write on pieces of leather, which were rolled into scrolls.
______In the earliest times, people carved or painted messages on rocks.
______In the Middle Ages, heavy paper called parchment was used for writing and books were laboriously copied by
hand.
______With the invention of the printing press in the middle of the fifteenth century, the modern printing industry was
born.
______Some form of written communication has been used throughout the centuries.

Tos or Ths

1.Although many varieties of beans belong in a healthy diet, among the most nutritious are black beans, kidney
beans, chickpeas, and pinto beans.__________

2.Like other addictive behaviors, Internet addiction may have serious negative consequences, including academic
failure, job loss, and a breakdown in personal relationships._________

3.J. Robert Oppenheimer, the American physicist who directed the building of the first atomic bombs during World
War II, had technical, moral, and political reasons for opposing the development of the hydrogen bomb.______

4.There are several steps that teachers can take to encourage academic integrity and curtail cheating in their
classes._______

5.The Hunger Games is a morality tale about the dangers of a political system that is dominated by the
wealthy._______

6.While cell phones provide freedom and mobility, they can also become a leash, compelling users to answer them
anywhere and at any time.________

7.College students looking for part-time work should begin their search by taking advantage of job-finding resources
on campus, newspaper adds, and online announcements._______

8.Despite its title, Bram Stoker's Dracula, a film directed by Francis Ford Coppola, takes considerable liberties with
Stoker's novel._________

9.In several ways, bicycles today are better than they were 100 or even 50 years ago._________

10.Every Sunday we visited my grandmother, who lived in a tiny house that was undeniably haunted, creepy and
gothic._______
Planning
Why a Dog?

North American pets are the most pampered in the world. The dog is the most popular of all pets. People own
dogs for three main reasons: companionship, security, and friendship.
Dogs are good companions for people. For example, older people often keep a small dog when children have
moved away. They will talk to the dog and the dog will always listen. When the older person comes home, the dog
wags its tail and is glad to see them. Dogs are great companions.
Dogs are not only good companions, but they also provide security. Often, a dog will smell someone near a house
and begin to bark. It is especially important when a person is away at work or shopping. If someone comes in, the
dog will surely bite him. Security is an important reason for people to own a dog.
Security may be important, but meeting people is a significant result of dog ownership. While walking, dogs love to
sniff each other and make acquaintance. While they do, the owners can strike up a conversation, too. Dog parks
provide owners with a place to have conversation while the dogs play together. If you are lonely in the city, perhaps a
dog can help you with meeting new friends.
Companionship, security and friendship are three main reasons for people to own a dog. Be sure, however, before
you make the big step of owning one because dogs may live as long as 16 years.

Topic: ______________________________________________________________
Title of the Essay: ______________________________________________________________
Purpose: ______________________________________________________________
Audience: ______________________________________________________________
Role: _______________________________________________________________

REFERENCES

1.Precious Moments, Rosenberg Martin, 1999, Maxwell Publishing House, New York (book)
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________

2.Bernard Ritz and Creole Patz, Towards the Reality of Dreams, 2005, California, Hans Publishers (book)
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________

3.Ethical Standards, Roy Gildernstern (Ed.), Kuala Lumpur, 2007, Thor House of Press (book)
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________

4.Rachel Richards, Perspectives on Politics, Political Journal, 2015, 8(7), 25-28 9 (journal)
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________

5.Moore, B., 2003 August, Fashion for the new Decade, Fashion Manila, 35 (2), 77 (magazine)
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________

6.Pablo Sevilla, Oct. 3, 2015, Rebuilding Marawi, The Manila Times, p. A17
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________

7.Running the Race, 1997, Ohio, Western Publishing. (book)

_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________

8.Harvard Online. October 3, 2015, The Ivy leagues of the Modern Academe, www.harvardonline/methods.html
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________

9.Jose Pegina, Cavite, Kamalayan Publishing, 2007, Portraits of the 21st Century Filipina
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________