Clup (Marikina)

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INTRODUCTION
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The town of Marikina was established in 1630 by the followers of St. Ignatius of Loyola,
the Jesuit Orders who blazed the trail in quest of spiritual transformation among the
country's inhabitants. The place was not immediately known as Marikina but rather as
Jesus dela Pea, in honor of the Infant Child Jesus. Legends have it that on the 16th of
April 1630, the Jesuits came across an icon of the Infant Jesus on a sharp boulder
typical of the area. Like their predecessors and other Spanish missionaries who came to
the country, the Jesuits built a small chapel and christened it as the chapel of Jesus
dela Pea, apparently affirming their rockhard fortitude and faith.
Legends abound on the beginnings of Marikina. Old folks from different barrios in
Marikina shared that the word originated from a name of a priest, Mariquina, who
baptized children to Christianity. Another was from a young, beautiful and intelligent lady
called Maria Cuina who was known to have shared her fortunes to charity. The name of
the town also came from the word Marikit - na which the laborers and builders
of a chapel in the town mistakenly answered the question of what name to give the
structure when they were actually asked by the Jesuit priests about the condition of the
chapel. When they replied Marikit-na-po the Spaniards pronounced the word as
Marikina.
It was also believed that the name was taken from a name of a beautiful town in Spain,
which was the place of origin of the Jesuit priest who came to the Philippines and
established the town. Lastly, the word Mariquina was claimed to be a recognition of
Captain Berenguer de Marquina, the Spanish colonial officer who came to rule that area
in 1788. After a long fruitful career highlighted by numerous social and humanitarian
accomplishments, the Jesuits were subsequently vanished not only from their domain in
the lovely and tranquil place called Mariquina in 1687 but all over the archipelago as
well. In their wake came the Augustinian friars whose spiritual mission was administered
and guided through the territorial jurisdiction of Pasig. Eventually, a municipality status
was granted to the town in 1787 with Don Benito Mendoza as its first governadorcillo.
Marikina became a highly urbanized city on December 8, 1996 following a special

referendum where the residents voted overwhelmingly for cityhood. Comprised by
fourteen (14) barangays, the city had an estimated population count of 397,090 in 1999.
Many people have taken cognizance of the transformation of Marikina from a hick town
into a model city in the Philippines in the area community management. A person
visiting Marikina City after driving through the rest of Metro Manila would notice a
number of marked improvements. The Marikina River which one crosses before
reaching the city center, has free-flowing, relatively clean waters. The riverbanks were
lined by lanes for biking, jogging and walking. The cleanliness can be observed
everywhere in Marikina, from its busy commercial centers to the peripheries. The public
toilets and public market are clean and provided with running water. More roads paved,
making Marikina a pleasant, walkable city.
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Over the past decade a new culture has emerged, Marikina is clean, wholesome, civil
and orderly because of this new culture. Discipline, good taste and excellence, were
at the beginning catchwords to motivate, are the core values which the city has been
advocating - - standards by which it measures its performance and has asked each one
to live by.
Marikina City which is mandated to serve as a general-purpose government for the

coordination and delivery of basic, regular and different services with the end in view of
providing effective governance for its constituents. At the turn of the new millenium,
Marikina faces a never-ending task public service. Among the tools required to
perform these tasks is a Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP).
The Marikina Citys CLUP is intended to guide the utilization of the citys land resources.
It is part of a set of efforts that seek the attainment of the citys vision, An industry
and government-friendly happy working class community. Said vision is
elaborated in the later pager of this document. The CLUP provides the spatial
framework of the overall development plan of the city. It integrates the various sectoral
concerns into a plan that guides the location, amount, intensity and type of activities that
can take place throughout the city, and which is implemented primarily through a Zoning
Ordinance and supported by a Capital Investment Program.
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EXISTING CONDITIONS
AND TRENDS
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2.1 POPULATION
2.1.1 Historical Growth of Population
Marikina's population has grown considerably over the past years. From a total
population of 8,187 in 1903, the number of residents has risen to 168,453 in
1975. In 1980, the population totalled 212,613 or an increase of 26.2% as
against the 1975 figures. Data from the final result of the census on housing and
population conducted by NSO shows that the 1990 population of Marikina was
310,010. This represents an increase of about 45.8% compared to 1980. The
latest census conducted by the NSO on population in 1995 revealed a population
count of 357,231.
Table 1
Historical Growth of Population
Marikina City
1903-1995
Year Population Absolute Average Annual

Increase Growth Rate
1903 8,187 - -
1918 9,542 1,355 1.02
1939 15,166 5,624 2.23
1948 23,353 8,187 4.91
1960 40,455 17,102 4.68
1970 113,400 72,945 10.85
1975 168,453 55,053 8.23
1980 212,613 44,160 4.76
1990 310,227 97,.614 3.85
1995 357,231 47,004 2.68
Source : National Statistics Office
Estimated based on the Growth Rate of 2.68% of 1990-1995
2.1.2 Marikinas Population Levels and Growth Rates
Concepcion I, Parang and Malanday are the largest barangays in terms of

resident population, accounting for about 45.5% of the total population of the city.
In terms of population growth rate, the fastest growing barangays during this
period were Marikina Heights (10.16%); Malanday (9.60%); and Concepcion I
(7.14%). While other barangays that showed a declined in resident population
were Kalumpang (-1.5%); Sto. Nio (-1.05%); Concepcion II (-.94%); Barangka
(-.88%); Jesus dela Pea (-.88%) and Sta. Elena (-.81%). One factor that affect
such decline can be attributed to the citys program Squatter-Free Marikina which
was relocated in other barangays.
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Table 2
Population, Growth Rate and Density, By Barangay
Marikina City
1990 1995
Barangay Population Population Popn 95 Ave. Annual Population

(1990) (1995) Share (%) Growth Rate Density in
90-95 Sq. Kms.
Concepcion I 46,340 62,888 17.60 7.14 18,269
Parang 54,289 60,750 17.00 2.38 15,838
Malanday 26,243 38,827 10.90 9.60 28,129
Mkna. Heights 18,904 28,505 8.00 10.16 13,853
Sto. Nio 28,998 27,474 7.70 -1.05 18,875
Nangka 19,606 26,169 7.30 6.69 14,403
Barangka 21,670 20,707 5.80 -0.88 17,704
Concepcion II 20,597 19,625 5.50 -0.94 10,651
San Roque 16,487 16,591 4.60 0.13 15,250
Kalumpang 16,878 15,644 4.40 -1.50 21,655
I. V. C. 13,252 13,967 3.90 1.10 21,654
Taong 10,232 10,277 2.90 0.09 13,204
Jesus dela Pea 10,289 9,834 2.70 -0.88 11,943
Sta. Elena 6,225 5,973 1.70 -0.81 13,486
Ave. Annual Gross Urban
TOTAL 310,010 357,231 100.00 Growth Rate Density
of the Total
Population
2.68 16,615
Source : National Statistics Office (NSO)

City Planning and Development Office (CPDO)
Note : Population figure was based on the 1990 & 1995 NSO Census
2.1.3 Population Levels and Growth Rates : Metropolitan Context
Based on the 1995 census, Marikina city ranks 12 th among the cities of Metro
Manila, next to Taguig, Paranaque and Muntinlupa, in terms of residential
population size (See Table 3). By year 2000, the population of Marikina is
estimated to increase from 357,231 (1995) to 407,732; by 2010, the total
population of Marikina is expected to reach 531,165.
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2.1.4 Population Density
Marikina has a 1995 residential population density of 16,615 persons/sq. km.

which ranks 7th in Metro Manila. Its density is lower than those of Navotas,
Manila, Pasig, Pasay, Kalookan and Makati but higher than the rest of Metro
Manila. Marikinas density is expected to increase as the resident population
increase.
Table 3
Population and Density
Metro Manila
1995
City/Municipality Population Density Growth

(persons/sq.km.)
Kalookan 1,023,159 18,336 5.64
Las Pias 413,086 9,954 6.37
Makati 484,176 17,696 1.25
Mandaluyong 286,870 11,033 2.75
Manila 1,654,761 43,205 0.62
MARIKINA 357,231 16,615 2.68
Muntinlupa 399,846 8,562 7.02
Pasay 408,610 29,396 1.96
Pasig 471,075 36,237 3.22
Quezon City 1,989,419 11,970 3.34
Malabon 347,484 14,850 4.13
Navotas 229,039 88,092 3.82
Paraaque 391,296 10,217 4.57
Pateros 55,286 5,316 1.37
San Juan 124,187 11,941 -0.40
Taguig 381,350 11,316 6.93
Valenzuela 437,165 9,301 4.81
METRO MANILA 9,454,040 14,865 2.32
Metro Manila is characterised by rapid population growth which is due to the

interplay of three processes: fertility, mortality and migration. Marikina ranks 12th
among the most populated area in Metro Manila. Its population growth was
largely influenced by the influx of migrants from all over the country.
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2.1.5 Household Population and Size
Based on the 1995 census, Marikina has a total household of 73,617 with an
average household size of 4.85. The total number of households increased by
13,527 or 22.51% over the 1990 figure of 60,090.
Barangay Concepcion Uno has the largest number of household with 13,105
followed by Parang (12,831). The barangays with the least number of
households are Sta. Elena (1,159) and Jesus dela Pea (1,991).
Table 4
No. of Household, Population and Ave. Household Size per Barangay
Marikina City
1995
Barangay Household Population HH Size

1. Barangka 4,341 20,707 4.77
2. Kalumpang 3,266 15,644 4.79
3. Concepcion I 13,105 62,888 4.80
4. Jesus dela Pea 1,991 9,834 4.94
5. Malanday 8,089 38,827 4.80
6. Nangka 5,273 26,169 4.96
7. Parang 12,831 60,750 4.73
8. San Roque 3,505 16,591 4.73
9. Sta. Elena 1,159 5,973 5.15
10. Sto. Nio 5,883 27,474 4.67
11. Taong 2,021 10,277 5.08
12. Concepcion II 3,788 19,625 5.18
13. Marikina Heights 5,477 28,505 5.23
14. I.V.C. 2,898 13,967 4.82
TOTAL 73,617 357,231 4.85
2.1.6 Population by Age Structure and Sex
The females have slightly dominated the males in Marikina as to population. The
female accounted for 52% or 185,760 while the male accounts for only 48% or
171,471.
Marikina basically has a young population with the majority belonging to

ages 1-4 to 25-29 years old bracket. This indicates that 45% of the population is
19 years old and below, and that 56% of the population is 24 years old and
below. This suggests an alternative way of segmenting the population which can
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result in more responsive and valuable city programs. Education, recreation,
health, family planning and livelihood programs aimed at the younger segment of
the population can have a significant positive impact on the future of Marikina
and its constituents. (Refer to Table 5)
Table 5
Population by Age Group and Sex
Marikina City
1995
Age Group Male Female Both Sex

Sexes Ratio
Under 1 yr. Old 4,972 4,830 9,802 1.03
1-4 16,974 16,718 33,695 1.02
5-9 20,234 19,877 40,111 1.02
10-14 18,005 18,762 36,767 0.96
15-19 17,319 21,548 38,868 0.80
20-24 18,691 22,106 40,797 0.84
25-29 16,804 18,948 35,752 0.88
30-34 14,576 15,604 30,180 0.93
35-39 12,174 12,817 24,991 0.95
40-44 9,602 9,845 19,447 0.98
45-49 6,515 6,687 13,202 0.97
50-54 5,658 5,944 11,602 0.95
55-59 3,944 4,272 8,216 0.92
60-64 2,743 2,972 5,715 0.92
65-69 1,543 2,043 3,586 0.75
70-74 857 1,114 1,971 0.77
75-79 514 929 1,443 0.55
80 and above 343 743 1,086 0.46
TOTAL 171,471 185,760 357,231 0.92
Source : National Statistics Office (NSO)
Note : Population figures are based on the 1995 NSO Census
2.1.7 Age Dependency Ratio
In 1995, the Young Dependency Ratio of Marikina was 52.62% which indicates
that this part of the population were too young to earn a living and depend for
support on those who work while the Old Dependency Ratio of 3.53% means that
this part of the population were too old to earn a living. The aggregate
percentage of the two age dependency ratio is the total dependency ratio which
was 56.15%.
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2.1.8 Population Projection/Estimates
Based on the average annual growth rate of 2.68% the estimated population of
Marikina City from 1996-2000 were 366,798 (1996); 376,635 (1997); 386,729
(1998); 397,090 (1999); 407,732 (2000). Refer to Table 6
Table 6
Estimated Population
Marikina City
1996-2000
Year Estimated Population
1996 366,798
1997 376,635
1998 386,729
1999 397,090
2000 407,732
2.1.9 Estimated Population by Barangay
It is estimated that barangays Concepcion Uno and Parang have the highest
population. Sta. Elena wherein commercial uses predominate have the least
number of residents.
Table 7
Estimated Population by Barangay
Marikina City
1996-2000
Barangay Population
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
Kalumpang 16,066 16,497 16,939 17,393 17,859
Barangka 21,274 21,845 22,430 23,031 23,648
Taong 10,564 10,847 11,138 11,436 11,743
J. dela Pea 10,087 10,357 10,635 10,920 11,213
I.V.C. 14,342 14,726 15,121 15,526 15,942
San Roque 17,019 17,476 17,944 18,425 18,919
Sta. Elena 6,126 6,290 6,458 6,631 6,809
Sto. Nio 28,207 28,963 29,740 30,536 31,355
Malanday 39,871 40,940 42,038 43,164 44,320
Concepcion I 64,556 66,288 68,064 69,888 71,761
Marikina Heights 29,271 30,056 30,861 31,688 32,537
Parang 62,392 64,066 65,783 67,545 69,355
Nangka 26,886 27,607 28,347 29,107 29,887
Concepcion II 20,137 20,677 21,231 21,800 22,384
TOTAL 366,798 376,635 386,729 397,090 407,732
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2.1.10 Estimated Population by Age Group
Marikina City has a young population. More than 78.71% of the population are
from 1 year old to 39 years old. The 80 & above population has the least among
the age groups.
Table 8
Estimated Population by Age Group
Marikina City
1996-2000
Estimated Population
Age Group
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
Under 1 yr. Old 10,050 10,320 10,596 10,880 11,172
1-4 34,589 35,517 36,468 37,446 38,449
5-9 41,191 42,296 43,430 44,593 45,788
10-14 37,744 38,756 39,794 40,861 41,956
15-19 39,908 40,978 42,076 43,203 44,361
20-24 41,888 43,012 44,164 45,348 46,563
25-29 36,717 37,701 38,712 39,749 40,814
30-34 30,994 31,826 32,679 33,554 34,453
35-39 25,676 26,364 27,071 27,796 28,541
40-44 19,954 20,489 21,038 21,602 22,181
45-49 13,572 13,935 14,309 14,692 15,086
50-54 11,921 12,241 12,569 12,905 13,251
55-59 8,436 8,663 8,895 9,133 9,378
60-64 5,869 6,026 6,188 6,354 6,524
65-69 3,668 3,766 3,867 3,971 4,077
70-74 2,017 2,071 2,127 2,184 2,243
75-79 1,467 1,506 1,547 1,588 1,631
80 and above 1,137 1,168 1,199 1,231 1,264
TOTAL 366,798 376,635 386,729 397,090 407,732
2.1.11 Summary of Population Characteristics and Trends
Marikinas resident population level and population growth rate are stabilizing,
thanks to the citys successful efforts at curbing the influx of new squatters to
the city since the inception of the Squatter-Free Marikina Program in 1993.
Majority of Marikinas resident population is in peripheral barangays. Future

residential population growth in the periphery, however, may also decline if
the demand for commercial land continues and causes the conversion of the
peripheral barangays into non-residential uses.
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Marikina is basically a bedroom community - - a considerable number of
people work outside of the city. Population therefore, is substantially reduced
during weekdays and during daytime. With the expected influx of new
industrial locators and emergence of new commercial establishments, thus
trend is likely to change within the next 10-15 years.
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2.2 LAND USE
Physical Characteristic
2.2.1 Land Area
Marikina has a total land area of 2,150 hectares or 21.50 sq.kms. [as certified by
the Land Management Bureau (LMB)] which constitutes about 3.42% of the land
area of Metro Manila.
Table 9
Land Area and Percentage Distribution by Area per Barangay
Marikina City
1995
Barangay Land Area (has) % Share

District 1 850.53 39.56%
Kalumpang 72.24 3.36
Barangka 116.96 5.44
Taong 77.83 3.62
Jesus dela Pea 82.34 3.83
I.V.C. 64.50 3.00
San Roque 108.79 5.06
Sta. Elena 44.29 2.06
Sto. Nio 145.55 6.77
Malanday 138.03 6.42
DISTRICT II 1,299.47 60.44%
Concepcion I 344.22 16.01
Marikina Heights 205.76 9.57
Parang 383.56 17.84
Nangka 181.68 8.45
Concepcion II 184.25 8.57
TOTAL 2,150.00 100.00%
Source : Marikina City Engineering Department
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2.2.2 Topography and Slopes
Marikina Valley Fault System
The MVFS, first recognized by Alvir (1929), consists of two northeast-trending

structures that bound the Marikina Valley on the west and east the West
Marikina Valley Fault (WMVF) and East Marikina Valley Fault (EMVF), )Arcilla et
al 1983). Alvir (1929) proposed that the Marikina Valley is a graben formed
repeated vertical movements along the MVFS, However, Irving (1947) argued
for a more complex graben structure by citing the greater uplift of the eastern
block with respect to the western block and the absence of younger units on the
block east of the valley. To account for the increase in throw towards the
southern portion (Irving 1947) of the Marikina Valley, Arcilla from et al (1983)
further proposed that the faults may slip with hinge movements with the northern
part of the valley being uplifted along a rotational hinge north of San Mateo River,
Gervasio (1968) suggested that graben formation was predated by dextral
movement along the West Marikina Valley Fault. Pre-graben thrust and/or
proposed by Arcilla et al (1983) to account for the uplift and subsequent erosion
of an ophiolite sequence and the horizontal displacements of rock units in the
area.
The EMV and WMV faults trend N 20-40 degree E with near vertical dips (Arcilla
et al 1983). The EMVF was traced for 38 km by Oca and Potentiano (1963) but
Landsat imagery suggests that it extends farther to the northeast. The southern
extension south of Mango River has probably been masked by thick alluvial and
logoonal deposits. The trace of the WMVF is more easily mapped; it extends
north of Montalban in western Rizal Province and passes east of Metro Manila to
the south, possibly as far as Tagaytay Ridge. The EMVF is a well-defined
lineament from San Rafael, Montalban south to the Pasig area, but it becomes a
subtle tonal contrast southward.
Mountain Ranges
Since Marikina is primarily a valley nestled amidst mountain ranges and rolling
hills, its topography is generally characterized as flat terrain with only a portion
that is mildly sloping. These mildly sloping areas are particularly evident in the
eastern section of the city.
Its surface features also highly favor agricultural land use that was the
predominant land use of the town about two decades ago. These topographic
characteristics have rendered the city to be generally suitable for urban
settlements as evidenced by the increasing number of subdivisions and industrial
establishments in the area in recent years.
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Slopes
About 1,569 hectares or 71% of the total land area of Marikina has the Type A
slope classification (0-25%) or highly suitable for and tolerant both to mechanized
farming and urban development. This is particularly evident in the western and
central sections of the city.
The northeastern and southeastern sections of the city, on the other hand, are
classified as Types B and C, respectively, with the former covering about 215
hectares and the latter encompassing about 366 hectares. Lands having 2.5% -
10% slopes are fairly tolerant to development, although excessive removal of
ground cover may cause erosion and land slippage.
Waterways and Drainage Divides
The Marikina River, which measures about 220 has., serves as the citys
principal drainage system. The river emerges from the foothills of the Sierra
Madre mountains and flows southwards through the Marikina Valley until it joins
the Pasig River. The Nangka River which serves as the boundary of Marikina and
the municipality of San Mateo similarly drains a sizeable area of Marikina,
particularly the eastern portions of the city.
Other than these rivers, there are also a number of creeks that can be found in
the city, namely: Bangkaan Creek, Park Creek, Concepcion Creek, Usiw Creek,
Balante Creek and Sapang Baho.
Table 10
Rivers, Creeks, Canals
Marikina City
1999
Rivers/Creeks/Canal Location Length

(Meter)
1. Marikina River Nangka to I.V.C. 11,000
2. Sapang Baho Sumulong Highway to Marcos Highway 2,020
3. Usiw Creek Sumulong Highway to St. Gregory 1,350
4. Concepcion Creek Sumulong Highway to A. de Guzman St. 3,110
5. Park Creek Marikina Heights 2,800
6. Bangkaan Creek A. de Guzman to Nangka 1,460
7. Balanti Creek Sumulong Boundary to Antipolo 3,880
TOTAL 25,620
Source : Marikina City Engineering Department
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2.2.3 Existing Land Use
Based on land area and excluding roads, the four (4) major land uses in Marikina
City are residential, industrial, Area for Priority Development and mixed use zone.
Table 11
Existing Land Use
Marikina City
1999
1990 1999 1999-1990

Barangay
Area % Area % Area %
Residential 1,061.08 49.35 813.06 37.82 -248.02 -23.37
Commercial 100.19 4.66 132.82 6.17 32.63 32.56
Industrial 278.39 12.95 280.57 13.05 2.18 0.78
Institutional 69.31 3.22 72.60 3.38 3.29 4.75
Parks/Open Spaces/Rec 67.52 3.14 61.91 2.88 -5.61 -8.31
Mixed Use Zone 155.22 7.22 155.22 7.22 0.00 0.00
Cemeteries 37.89 1.76 37.89 1.76 -.00 0.00
Cultural Heritage 0.00 0.00 0.25 0.01 0.25 100.00
APD 179.02 8.33 179.02 8.33 0.00 0.00
Socialized Housing 0.00 0.00 40.96 1.90 40.96 100.00
Agricultural 8.50 0.40 1.90 0.09 -6.60 -77.65
Roads 192.88 8.97 373.80 17.39 180.92 93.79
TOTAL 2150.00 100.00 2,150.00 100.00
As of 1999, residential areas comprised the single largest land use in Marikina
City, accounting for 37.82% of the total land area. Roads occupy the second
largest area or 373.80 hectares (17.39%) of the citys land area. Industrial, APD,
mixed use zone and commercial rank next at 13.05%, 8.33%, 7.22% and 6.17%,
respectively. The rest of the citys land area is shared by socialized housing and
institutional, open spaces/parks/recreation, cemetery and cultural heritage.
2.2.4 Land Use Trends
Large decrease in residential areas. Even with the growth of population, the
area for residential uses has decreased. Corresponding to the growth of
population, the number of market goers has increased, this has motivated
residential lot owners alongside and near the market zones to convert or sell
their houses for commercial uses. Other privately owned residential lots were
sold for commercial purposes. Other factors which influenced the decrease
were the conversion of some areas for residential uses into industrial uses.
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Increase in industrial areas. Industrial areas have likewise increased
significantly and this can be attributed to the relocation of several
manufacturing firms within the city. Several of them were the relocation of
Maratex Corporation, a shoe accessories manufacturing firm in Industrial
Valley Complex, Uratex Foam in Barangay Kalumpang, Havi Food Services
Phils. Inc. in Barangay Sto. Nio, and Stefano Footwear Corporation and
Trident International in Concepcion Uno.
Increasing commercial uses. While residential land uses predominate in the

city, commercial land uses are catching up over the last three (3) years. The
development and expansion of infrastructures and facilities (primarily roads)
and provision of basic utilities have given rise to a number of new commercial
areas, foremost of which are the Riverbanks Center in Barangka, Peoples
Mall/Mall ng Bayan (formery Public Market in Sta. Elena) . The conversion of
residential lots and houses along and near market zones into commercial
uses was also a key factor. This is very evident along P. Burgos and Kap.
Venciong St. at Sta. Elena and along Bayan-Bayanan Ave. at Concepcion I.
Decrease of agricultural lands. Lands classified for agricultural uses in the

1981 Zoning Map were converted for residential use. Large part of it is at
Barangay Sto. Nio. The only portion of land reserved for agricultural use is at
Taong and Jesus dela Pea, along the riverside.
Increasing recreational spaces. While open spaces have decreased,

recreational areas have increased. This increase is caused by the
development of the Skating Rink, the Jogging Lane along the Riverside and
other parks developed within the city.
Increasing densities. Densities have been increasing throughout the city,

areas for other uses were converted into residential zones to accommodate
additional housing units (socialized and medium density residential zones)
have been added since 1990. Commercial areas along Bayan-Bayanan Ave.,
Sumulong Hi-way, P. Burgos St. and Kapitan Venciong St. display similar
increases in density. Tumana area, formerly a medium density residential
area was converted in Socialized Housing Zone.
The existing land use trends in Marikina reflect changes that are basically relying
on the performance and activities of the service and industries as its main
economic activity. Land values and densities are increasing and given the limited
supply of undeveloped lands in the city, commercial activities and in-migration
rate are the main influences in the use and value of land in the city.
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2.2.5 Land Use Distribution
The distribution of land uses throughout the citys barangays is shown in the
succeeding Tables. Tables 16 and 17 show the land area occupied by
corresponding shares of each major land use category in every barangay. The
foregoing tables reveal that barangays Parang (383.56 hectares), Concepcion I
(344.22 hectares), Marikina Heights (205.76 hectares), Concepcion II (184.25
hectares), and Nangka (181.68 hectares) account for more than three-fifth of the
citys total land area (60.44%).
Table 18 shows how each land use is distributed among the barangays indicating
areas of relative concentration by land use. Table 19 shows the distribution of
land uses within each barangay or the extent of land use specialization by
barangay. Tables 12-15 shows the different land use distribution in the 1981
Zoning Ordinance.
Major land use (excluding roads) distribution characteristics of Marikina City in

1999 are as follows:
Barangays Concepcion II, Nangka, Parang, and Concepcion I have the

largest shares of residential land at 15.10%, 14.99%, 10.93% and 9.41%
respectively.; Sta. Elena (1.51%), Kalumpang (2.98%), and Taong (3.50%)
have the least. Houses located at Barangay Marikina Heights were classified
under mix uses.
Barangay Parang (69.79%) where Fortune Tobacco Corporation, Arms

Corporation, Good Year Corporation, Tower Steel, Philippine Cocoa
Corporation, Philippine Rock Corporation and others are located, has the
largest share of the citys industrial area.
The bulk of the citys commercial land are in barangays Sto. Nio (26.07%),
Concepcion Uno (16.57%), San Roque (13.12%) and Barangka (12.07%).
These are the barangays where the public markets, RiverBank Center and
Mall ng Bayan are located.
Barangay Marikina Heights (25.83%) where St. Scholastica Academy and

Marist School are located has the largest share of the citys institutional land.
Barangay Parang, where Boystown are located, have the second largest
share of the (22.88%) citys institutional land.
Barangka (19.51%) account for nearly one-fifth of the citys Parks/Open

Spaces. Concepcion Dos and Concepcion Uno rank second and third with
10.90% and 10.08% of the total open space of Marikina.
19
Taong, where the Loyola Memorial Park is located accounts for the 95.25%
citys allotted lands for cemeteries.
Residential land occupies the largest land area among the different land uses
in the majority of the barangays except in Barangay Marikina Heights, where
mixed land predominate; industrial uses predominate in barangays Parang and
Kalumpang, commercial uses in Sta. Elena and the Loyola Cemetery in
Taong.
20
Table 12
Land Use by Barangay
Marikina City
1981
LAND USE
Park/ Mixed
Barangay Resl. Comml Instl. Indl. OpenSpaces/ Cemeteries Agricultural Use Zone APD Roads Total
Recreation
1. Kalumpang 33.76 0.05 1.15 25.21 4.42 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.65 72.24
2. Barangka 72.91 4.20 3.20 18.80 4.66 0.96 0.00 0.00 6.57 5.66 116.96
3. Taong 30.23 1.74 0.50 0.00 37.59 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.90 5.87 77.83
4. Jesus dela Pea 53.04 1.57 0.91 18.74 1.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.58 82.34
5. I.V.C. 40.83 0.00 0.20 0.00 3.86 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.10 9.51 64.50
6. San Roque 81.68 2.50 4.17 8.97 1.32 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.15 108.79
7. Sta. Elena 23.80 4.32 5.88 0.00 1.33 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.76 44.29
8. Sto. Nio 83.07 29.86 5.40 0.00 3.51 0.00 8.50 0.00 0.00 15.21 145.55
9. Malanday 69.30 4.20 1.71 1.69 2.56 0.00 0.00 0.00 46.53 12.04 138.03
10. Concepcion I 210.26 13.46 2.52 23.28 6.24 0.64 0.00 0.00 76.54 11.28 344.22
11. Mkna. Heights 0.00 0.00 17.45 0.00 6.49 0.00 0.00 155.22 0.00 26.60 205.76
12. Parang 98.29 31.30 16.61 179.95 3.71 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.36 40.34 383.56
13. Nangka 145.06 1.31 0.50 0.00 3.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 24.02 7.57 181.68
14. Concepcion II 161.38 0.00 5.71 0.00 5.84 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.32 184.25
TOTAL 1,103.61 94.51 65.91 276.64 86.25 1.80 8.50 155.22 179.02 178.54 2,150.00
20
Table 13
Land Use Shares By Barangay
Marikina City
1981
LAND USE
Park/ Mixed
Barangay Resl. Comml. Instl. Industl. OpenSpaces/ Cemeteries Agricultural Use Zone APD Roads Total
Recreation
1. Kalumpang 1.57 0.01 0.05 1.17 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.36 3.36
2. Barangka 3.39 0.19 0.15 0.88 0.22 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.31 0.26 5.44
3. Taong 1.41 0.08 0.02 0.00 1.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.27 3.62
4. Jesus dela Pea 2.47 0.07 0.04 0.87 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.31 3.83
5. I.V.C. 1.90 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.47 0.44 3.00
6. San Roque 3.80 0.11 0.19 0.42 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.47 5.06
7. Sta. Elena 1.11 0.20 0.27 0.00 0.06 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.41 2.06
8. Sto. Nio 3.86 1.39 0.25 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.40 0.00 0.00 0.71 6.77
9. Malanday 3.22 0.20 0.08 0.08 0.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.16 0.56 6.42
10. Concepcion I 9.78 0.63 0.12 1.08 0.29 0.03 0.00 0.00 3.56 0.52 16.01
11. Mkna. Heights 0.00 0.00 0.81 0.00 0.30 0.00 0.00 7.22 0.00 1.24 9.57
12. Parang 4.57 1.46 0.77 8.37 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.62 1.88 17.84
13. Nangka 6.74 0.06 0.03 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.12 0.35 8.45
14. Concepcion II 7.51 0.00 0.27 0.00 0.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.52 8.57
TOTAL 51.33 4.40 3.06 12.87 4.01 0.08 0.40 7.22 8.33 8.30 100.00
21
Table 14
Land Use Concentration By Barangay
Marikina City
1981
Parks /Open Mixed

Barangay Resl. Comml. Instl. Industl. Spaces/ Cemeteries Agricultural Use APD Roads
Recreation Zone
1. Kalumpang 3.06 0.05 1.75 9.11 5.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.28
2. Barangka 6.61 4.44 4.86 6.80 5.40 53.33 0.00 0.00 3.67 3.17
3. Taong 2.74 1.84 0.76 0.00 43.58 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.06 3.29
4. Jesus dela Pea 4.81 1.66 1.38 6.77 1.74 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.68
5. I.V.C. 3.70 0.00 0.30 0.00 4.48 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.64 5.33
6. San Roque 7.40 2.65 6.33 3.24 1.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.69
7. Sta. Elena 2.16 4.57 8.92 0.00 1.54 11.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.91
8. Sto. Nio 7.53 31.60 8.19 0.00 4.07 0.00 100.00 0.00 0.00 8.52
9. Malanday 6.28 4.44 2.59 0.61 2.97 0.00 0.00 0.00 25.99 6.74
10. Concepcion I 19.05 14.24 3.82 8.42 7.23 35.56 0.00 0.00 42.76 6.32
11. Mkna. Heights 0.00 0.00 26.48 0.00 7.53 0.00 0.00 100.00 0.00 14.90
12. Parang 8.90 33.12 25.20 65.05 4.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.46 22.59
13. Nangka 13.14 1.39 0.76 0.00 3.73 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.42 4.24
14. Concepcion II 14.62 0.00 8.66 0.00 6.77 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.34
TOTAL 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
22
Table 15
Land Use Specialization Per Barangay
Marikina City
1981
LAND USE
Park/ Mixed
Barangay Resl. Comml. Instl. Industl. Open Spaces/ Cemeteries Agricultural Use APD Roads Total
Recreation Zone
1. Kalumpang 46.73 0.07 1.59 34.90 6.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.59 100.00
2. Barangka 62.34 3.59 2.74 16.07 3.99 0.82 0.00 0.00 5.62 4.84 100.00
3. Taong 36.84 2.24 0.64 0.00 48.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.44 7.54 100.00
4. Jesus dela Pea 64.42 1.91 1.10 22.76 1.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.99 100.00
5. I.V.C. 63.30 0.00 0.31 0.00 5.99 0.00 0.00 0.00 15.66 14.74 100.00
6. San Roque 75.08 2.30 3.83 8.25 1.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.33 100.00
7. Sta. Elena 53.74 9.75 13.28 0.00 3.00 0.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 19.78 100.00
8. Sto. Nio 57.07 20.52 3.71 0.00 2.41 0.00 5.84 0.00 0.00 10.45 100.00
9. Malanday 50.21 3.04 1.24 1.22 1.86 0.00 0.00 0.00 33.71 8.72 100.00
10. Concepcion I 61.08 3.91 0.73 6.76 1.81 0.19 0.00 0.00 22.24 3.28 100.00
11. Mkna. Heights 0.00 0.00 8.48 0.00 3.15 0.00 0.00 75.44 0.00 12.93 100.00
12. Parang 25.62 8.16 4.33 46.92 0.97 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.48 10.52 100.00
13. Nangka 79.84 0.72 0.28 0.00 1.77 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.22 4.17 100.00
14. Concepcion II 87.59 0.00 3.10 0.00 3.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.14 100.00
23
Table 16
Land Use by Barangay
Marikina City
1999
LAND USE
Park/
Barangay Resl. Comml. Instl. Indl. Open Cemeteries Agrl. Mixed Cultural APD Socialized Roads Total
Spaces/ Use Heritage Housing
Recreation Zone
1. Kalumpang 24.25 6.31 1.17 25.21 5.42 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.88 72.24
2. Barangka 73.03 16.03 3.20 0.75 12.00 0.96 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.57 0.00 4.34 116.88
3. Taong 28.44 1.28 0.50 0.00 0.25 36.09 0.25 0.00 0.00 1.90 0.00 9.37 78.08
4. Jesus dela Pea 48.83 1.57 0.91 18.74 1.76 0.00 1.65 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 8.69 82.17
5. I.V.C. 37.54 0.00 0.20 2.67 3.86 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.10 0.00 10.13 64.50
6. San Roque 50.09 17.43 5.06 8.97 2.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.00 24.94 108.79
7. Sta. Elena 12.26 14.26 5.88 0.00 2.16 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.00 9.42 44.29
8. Sto. Nio 72.34 34.63 5.85 0.00 6.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.98 25.73 145.55
9. Malanday 56.30 7.10 1.71 3.15 2.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 46.53 0.00 20.34 138.03
10. Concepcion I 76.50 22.01 6.02 23.28 6.24 0.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 76.54 35.00 97.99 344.22
11. Mkna. Heights 0.00 0.00 18.75 0.00 3.91 0.00 0.00 155.22 0.00 0.00 0.37 27.51 205.76
12. Parang 88.83 1.97 16.61 195.80 5.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.36 4.61 57.17 383.56
13. Nangka 121.92 4.56 0.57 2.00 3.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 24.02 0.00 25.36 181.68
14. Concepcion II 122.73 5.67 6.17 0.00 6.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 42.93 184.25
TOTAL 813.06 132.82 72.60 280.57 61.91 37.89 1.90 155.22 0.25 179.02 40.96 373.80 2,150.00
24
Table 17
Land Use Shares By Barangay
Marikina City
1999
L A N D U S E
Park/ Mixed
Barangay Resl. Comml. Instl. Industl. OpenSpaces/ Cemeteries Agricultural Use Zone Cultural APD Roads Socialized Total
Recreation Heritage Housing
1. Kalumpang 1.13 0.29 0.06 1.17 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.46 0.00 3.36
2. Barangka 3.40 0.74 0.15 0.04 0.56 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.31 0.20 0.00 5.44
3. Taong 1.32 0.06 0.02 0.00 0.01 1.68 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.44 0.00 3.63
4. Jesus dela Pea 2.27 0.07 0.04 0.87 0.08 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.0009 0.00 0.41 0.00 3.82
5. I.V.C. 1.75 0.00 0.01 0.12 0.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.47 0.47 0.00 3.00
6. San Roque 2.33 0.81 0.235 0.42 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.005 0.00 1.16 0.00 5.06
7. Sta. Elena 0.57 0.66 0.275 0.00 0.10 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.005 0.00 0.44 0.00 2.06
8. Sto. Nio 3.36 1.61 0.27 0.00 0.28 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.20 0.05 6.77
9. Malanday 2.62 0.33 0.08 0.15 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.16 0.94 0.00 6.42
10. Concepcion I 3.56 1.03 0.28 1.08 0.29 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.56 4.56 1.62 16.01
11. Mkna. Heights 0.00 0.00 0.87 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.00 7.22 0.00 0.00 1.28 0.02 9.57
12. Parang 4.13 0.09 0.77 9.11 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.62 2.66 0.21 17.84
13. Nangka 5.67 0.21 0.03 0.09 0.15 0,00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.12 1.18 0.00 8.45
14. Concepcion II 5.71 0.27 0.29 0.00 0.31 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.99 0.00 8.57
TOTAL 37.82 6.17 3.38 13.05 2.88 1.76 0.09 7.22 0.01 8.33 17.39 1.90 100.00
25
Table 18
Land Use Concentration By Barangay
Marikina City
1999
LAND USE
Parks
Barangay Resl. Comml. Instl. Industl. /Open Cemeteries Agrl. Mixed Cultural APD Socialized Roads
Spaces/ Use H Housing
Recreation Zone e
ri
t
a
g
e
1. Kalumpang 2.98 4.75 1.61 8.99 8.76 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.64
2. Barangka 8.98 12.07 4.41 0.27 19.51 2.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.67 0.00 1.16
3. Taong 3.50 0.96 0.69 0.00 0.40 95.25 11.11 0.00 0.00 1.06 0.00 2.51
4. Jesus dela Pea 6.01 1.20 1.25 6.68 2.71 0.00 88.89 0.00 8.00 0.00 0.00 2.32
5. I.V.C. 4.62 0.00 0.28 0.95 6.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.64 0.00 2.71
6. San Roque 6.16 13.12 6.97 3.20 3.52 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.00 0.00 0.00 6.67
7. Sta. Elena 1.51 10.74 8.09 0.00 3.48 0.53 0.00 0.00 44.00 0.00 0.00 2.52
8. Sto. Nio 8.89 26.07 8.06 0.00 9.72 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.39 6.88
9. Malanday 6.92 5.34 2.36 1.12 4.69 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 26.00 0.00 5.44
10. Concepcion I 9.41 16.57 8.29 8.29 10.08 1.69 0.00 0.00 0.00 42.75 85.45 26.22
11. Mkna. Heights 0.00 0.00 25.83 0.00 6.32 0.00 0.00 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.90 7.36
12. Parang 10.93 1.48 22.88 69.79 8.42 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.46 11.26 15.30
13. Nangka 14.99 3.43 0.78 0.71 5.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.42 0.00 6.79
14. Concepcion II 15.10 4.27 8.50 0.00 10.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.48
TOTAL 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
26
Table 19
Land Use Specialization Per Barangay
Marikina City
1999
LAND USE
Park/ Mixed
Barangay Resl. Comml. Instl. Industl. Open Cemeteries Agrl. Use Cultural APD Socialized Roads Total
Spaces/ Zone H Housing
Recreation e
ri
t
a
g
e
1. Kalumpang 33.57 8.73 1.62 34.90 7.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.68 100.00
2. Barangka 62.44 13.70 2.74 0.64 10.33 0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.62 0.00 3.71 100.00
3. Taong 36.40 1.64 0.64 0.00 0.28 46.32 0.28 0.00 0.00 2.44 0.00 12.00 100.00
4. Jesus dela Pea 59.30 1.91 1.11 22.81 2.13 0.00 2.13 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 10.58 100.00
5. I.V.C. 58.20 0.00 0.31 4.14 5.98 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 15.66 0.00 15.71 100.00
6. San Roque 46.04 16.02 4.65 8.25 2.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.00 22.93 100.00
7. Sta. Elena 27.68 32.20 13.28 0.00 4.88 0.45 0.00 0.00 0.24 0.00 0.00 21.27 100.00
8. Sto. Nio 49.70 23.79 4.02 0.00 4.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.67 17.68 100.00
9. Malanday 40.79 5.14 1.24 2.28 2.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 33.71 0.00 14.74 100.00
10. Concepcion I 22.22 6.39 1.75 6.76 1.81 0.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 22.24 10.17 28.47 100.00
11. Mkna. Heights 0.00 0.00 9.11 0.00 1.90 0.00 0.00 75.44 0.00 0.00 0.18 13.37 100.00
12. Parang 23.16 0.51 4.33 51.05 1.36 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.48 1.20 14.91 100.00
27
13. Nangka 67.11 2.51 0.31 1.10 1.79 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.22 0.00 13.96 100.00
14. Concepcion II 66.61 3.08 3.35 0.00 3.66 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 23.30 100.00
28
29
2.3 ECONOMY
Marikina City is host to a number of big manufacturing firms like Fortune Tobacco
Corp. (considered as the biggest in cigarette manufacturing in the whole of Asia)
and Purefoods Corp. (one of the biggest in food processing in South East Asian
Region), NORITAKE, PHILCOA and ARMS CORP. which contribute a large part
in the citys revenue. With the increasing number of industrial and commercial
establishments in the city, there is a need to anticipate and provide for future
growth requirements, maintenance of industrial peace, to continuously upgrade
local service capacities and improve the overall physical environment.
2.3.1 Employment
The potentially employable population (15 years and over) increased from
236,856 in 1995 to 256,112 in 1997. As a result, the citys labor force grew from
144,000 in 1995 to 153,462 in 1997, an increase of 6.57%. In 1995, the number
of unemployed persons totaled to 12,000 yielding an unemployment rate of
8.33%. The 1997 unemployment rate slightly decreases as compared to 1995
and much lower than the average for Metro Manila of 14%. The lower
unemployment rate maybe attributed to the location of several big manufacturing
and industrial firms in the city. This may imply that Marikina has a big
employment share in the manufacturing and industry sector operating in the city.
Table 20
Labor Force and Employment
Marikina City
1995 1997
Item 1995 1997

Total population 15 years old and over 236,856 256,112
Labor Force 144,000 153,462
Labor Force Participation Rate 60.80% 59.92%
Number Employed 132,000 140,888
Employment Rate 91.67% 91.80%
Number Unemployed 12,000 12,574
Unemployment Rate 8.33% 8.20%
Note : Population figure is estimated based on the 1995 NSO census
20
2.3.2. Livelihood, Trade and Industry
The footwear industry has been regarded as one of the growth sectors in the
Philippines. It was in Marikina in 1886 that the first Filipino named Don Laureano
Guevara crafted the first locally-made shoes, until shoe-making became a home
industry. Later on, the town earned the monicker as the Shoe Capital of the
Philippines.
Marikinas need for jobs and more business has always been a part of its
planning. A commercial center is now taking shape called Riverbanks Center
which in due time shall require a great number of workers. Alongside Shoe
Marts grocery store (Save More) which opened in February 1999, a space has
been set aside to serve as the primary outlet for local shoes and leathergoods
manufacturers.
Access to the complex shall improve when the road linking it to Libis, Quezon
City and C-5 is opened soon. Eventually, Riverbank shall become Marikinas
central business district, generating for the city bigger revenues than its present
sources combined, not to mention jobs that shall be created.
Marikina City which used to be an agricultural valley is now dotted with 11,288
commercial and industrial establishments in 1999 as shown in Table 21. It was in
1992 when the Business Permits and Licensing Office strictly implemented its
valuation of businesses and licenses and realized a 111% increase. In its 7th
and 8th years, an increase of 33% and 18%, respectively, were realized.
Table 21
Revenue Generated by the Business Permits and Licensing Office
Marikina City
1992 1998
Source 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
License Tax 21,304,223 47,356,272 57,179,488 75,322,257 81,131,470 87,539,525 90,284,587 106,551,861
Permit Fee 2,109,828 2,669,566 3,410,070 3,697,596 3,953,228 3,216,396 3,294,286 3,465,870
Garbage
Charge 917,415 2,536,148 4,535,546 4,476,274 4,814,421 6,371,539 6,453,766 8,168,214
Penalty/
Interest 1,481,698 1,981,469 2,765,650 2,536,479 2,048,862 3,291,071 3,684,552 4,280,648
TOTAL 25,813,164 54,543,455 67,890,754 86,032,606 91,947,982 100,418,531 103,717,182 122,466,593
No. of Buss.
Establishments 6,988 6,936 8,702 9,250 9,657 10,500 10,921 11,288
% Increase 111% 24% 27% 7% 9% 33% 18%
21
Table 22
Number of Business Establishments & Annual Growth Rate
Marikina City
1992-1998
No. of Business Share of Total No. of

Sector Establishments Business Annual
Establishments Growth
1992 1998 1992 1998
Manufacturing 966 1,097 13.82% 10.04% 2.26%
Services 6,022 9,824 86.18% 89.96% 10.52%
TOTAL 6,988 10,921 100.00% 100.00% 9.38%
Source : Business Permits & Licensing Office
Marikina has a moderate number of business establishments. Business

establishments totaled 6,988 in 1992 and increased by 56.28% to 10,921 in
1998. Service-oriented business establishments dominated, accounting for
86.18% in 1992 and 89.96% in 1998 of total establishments. It may be noted
that the number of manufacturing establishments decreased from 13.82% in
1992 to a mere 10.04% in 1998.
Table 23
Business Establishment Density Ratio
Marikina City
1992 and 1998
Sector Business Establishments Per 1,000

Persons
1992 1998
Manufacturing 2.95 2.83
Services 18.42 25.31
TOTAL 21.37 28.14
Source : Business Permits and Licensing Office
The business density ratio per 1,000 population is another indicator of economic
activity. In 1992, there were 21.37 establishments per 1,000 population in
Marikina City. This ratio increased by 6.77 to 28.14 establishments per 1,000
population in 1998.
The business density ratio of manufacturing firms decreased from 2.95%

establishments per 1,000 population in 1992 to 2.83% establishments per 1,000
population in 1998.
22
Fiscal and Monetary Resources
General Trends
In 1991, Marikina had a total income of P94,373,734. By 1997, total income

increased to P520,747,934. translating to a cumulative growth of 452%. For the
same period, the Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA) increased from P6,700,000.
to P222,161,533. with a cumulative growth of 3,216%. The rest of the non-IRA
revenue increased from P87,673,734. to P298,586,381. realizing a cumulative
growth of 241%. Even if the cumulative growth of the non-IRA revenue lagged
behind that of the IRA, figures on a year to year basis showed that the locally
generated revenues were bigger than the IRA.
Table 24
Income of Marikina City
1991 1997
Year IRA NON-IRA TOTAL

1991 P 6,700,000.00 P 87,673,734.00 P 94,373,734.00
1992 23,105,290.00 68,538,612.00 91,643,902.00
1993 43,044,133.00 126,445,200.00 169,489,333.00
1994 61,231,351.00 270,990,525.00 332,221,876.00
1995 63,628,190.00 275,458,586.00 339,086,776.00
1996 70,360,841.00 354,681,030.00 425,041,871.00
1997 222,161,553.00 298,586,381.00 520,747,934.00
Source : City Budget Office
Since 1991, the locally generated resources comprised 75% of the total income,
while IRA comprised 25%. The city did not incur any budgetary deficit since
1992.
Sources of Funds
The major reasons why the local revenues of Marikina City were far larger than
the IRA was that almost all the income-generating departments and offices
generated substantially higher revenues. The BPLO and the Assessors Office,
in particular, contributed mobilization of hefty local revenues.
The Assessors Office likewise substantially hiked the valuation of real property
taxes (RPT). In the RPT assessment performance by the Assessors Office,
except for the first year (1992) that generated a slightly negative performance,
1992 and 1994 had substantial increases of 56% and 74% respectively. A more
intensified campaign in 1996 netted a remarkable increase of P27,566,909. or
99% over the past year. Computerization of real property transaction processing
has facilitated generation of more complete information on real property assets.
23
Table 25
Real Property Tax Assessment Performance
Marikina City
1991 1996
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

RPT -
9,517,061 8,554,014 13,376,396 23,247,902 27,917,126 55,484,035
Current Year
% Growth -10% 56% 74% 20% 99%
From 1994 to 1996, the city government availed of loans from commercial banks
to finance its various infrastructure projects. Loan repayments were made by the
city in years 1997 & 1998, such another borrowings incurred in 1999. The
amount of these loans are shown in Table 26.
Table 26
Loans and Borrowings
Marikina City
1994 1999
Item 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

Loans and
50,000,000 150,000,000 74,887,500 - - 70,000,000
Borrowings
Source : City Accounting Office
Uses of Funds
From 1992 to 1999, the total expenditure of the city government amounted to
P2,562,803,788. In 1996, the bulk of the personal services fund in Marikina was
allocated to salaries and wages (75%), and the rest to various benefits of the city
personnel. In 1996 and 1997, a larger part of the maintenance and other
operating expenses (MOOE) was spent for the repair and maintenance of
government facilities and vehicles, gasoline and spare parts, and social security
benefits which cumulatively accounted for 67% of the total MOOE expenditures.
In the same year 1992 to 1996, land improvements (P248,811,993) which mainly
involved infrastructure like roads and drainage systems, comprised 79% of the
total capital outlay; while expenditure for equipment (P34,325,084) accounted for
11%. In 1996, loan repayments (P39,000,000) comprised the largest component
of non-office expenditures (34%).
24
Table 27
Uses of Funds
Marikina City
1992 1999
Maintenance and
Personal other Operating Capital Outlay Total
Year Expenses Non-Office
Services Expenditures
Expenditures
1992 38,916,423 16,038,425 23,979,635 5,074,210 84,008,693
1993 42,211,628 30,261,861 26,874,045 35,648,526 134,996,060
1994 54,646,891 46,449,500 80,207,872 33,937,267 215,241,530
1995 64,383,909 69,861,406 132,555,990 75,934,910 342,736,215
1996 90,769,944 77,754,653 50,091,937 113,135,417 331,751,951
1997 91,746,721 99,143,929 31,334,897 125,501,006 347,726,553
1998 162,977,888 119,545,512 9,300,000 202,981,600 494,805,000
1999 200,449,180 124,029,855 68,641,798 218,416,953 611,537,786
TOTAL 746,102,584 583,085,141 422,986,174 810,629,889 2,562,803,788
2.3.3 Tourism
Marikinas main tourist attractions are the Marikina River Park (considered as the
biggest sports and recreational center in the country) and local shoes and leather
goods factories/outlets and old and historic structures located within the cultural
and heritage zone.
The city is also dressing-up for the new millenium. A shoe museum, the first and
only one in the country, and one of very few in the world, shall open its doors to
the public. Shoes of celebrities, including a collection belonging to former past
Presidents of the Philippines and their ladies, hopefully a pair from President
Joseph Estrada, shall be put on display. This is part of the citys promotional
campaign for its shoe industry.
2.3.4 Marikina Economic Zone
The City has gained from the Board of Investments authority to operate an
industrial zone/special economic zone in Brgy. Parang and portions of Brgy.
Marikina Heights where industries may relocate while enjoying the same
incentives given to industries operating in industrial zones in the provinces.
Investor in this area may also avail of other incentives, to wit: tax exemptions
(exemption from payment of income taxes for a period of three(3) to six(6) years
If the project is new with a pioneer status, exemption from taxes and duties on
imported spare parts for consigned equipment and exemption from sur-charge
dues and export tax), non fiscal incentives (employment of foreign materials in
25
supervisory, technical or advisory position for five(5) years from date of
registration, operation of a bonded manufacturing/trading warehouse subject to
customs rules and regulations etc.) fiscal incentives for small and medium-sized
enterprises as defined by DTI (100%) exemption for a period of five(5) years from
registration center the authority from real property tax on land, buildings,
machinerys and other improvements, annual business tax, corporate community
tax, mayors permit fees on businesses etc. under certain conditions. This
pioneering effort between Marikina and the BOI, called Urban Redevelopment
Program, is intended to tap existing and idle capacities in urban areas left by
industries following the industry dispersal program in the 1970s. Marikina has
been chosen partner by the BOI owing to its efficient administration, concern for
the environment and its prevailing industrial peace.
2.3.5 Summary of Existing Economic Conditions and Trends
Marikina City faces a good prospect of becoming one of the leading financial,
commercial, food and service centers in the metropolis with the advent of the
Business, Finance and Food Triangle and the revival of the Marikina Special
Economic Zone. The proposed construction of Shoe Mart Mall by the river
shall also provide a considerable boost to the citys economy.
The strategic location of Marikina shall continue to play an important role in its
economic advancement. This shall be further reinforced by such major
infrastructure projects as the LRT extension and C-5 Road By-Pass Project.
Some of the major challenges that the city has to contend with include the
following: a) maintain and improve the competitiveness of its local shoe
industry both in the local and international markets b) sustain the momentum
that it has established towards industrial peace and industrialization c)
capacity to anticipate and provide for future growth requirements.
The continued growth of Marikina City shall also be contingent on improving

its physical and social environment to be at par with other localities in Metro
Manila.
26
Livelihood, Trade and Industry Sector Plan
Goal
To attain high and sustained economic growth.
Objectives
To make local shoe industry globally competitive.

To sustain industrial peace in the city.
To promote Marikina as a viable business finance and food center.
To generate additional revenue for the city and employment opportunities for
local residents.
Targets
Sustained industrial peace characterized by moratorium on labor strikes

pursuant to the essence of the tripartite agreement entered into by the labor
sector, management and local government.
To mechanize the operation of the shoe industry for increased productivity.
To increase productivity output of local shoe manufacturers from 60% to 85%.
To reduce unemployment to 10% by 2005 and 5% by 2010.
To generate additional income of at least 200 million annually by 2005 .
Policies/Strategies
Enhancement of skills and mechanization of the local shoe industry.

Promotion and participation of local shoes and leathergoods manufacturers in
local and international trade exhibits.
Yearly conduct of shoe design competition.
Employment of a package of tax incentives for shoe manufacturers.
Provision of credit for shoe manufacturers.
Provision of space (as outlet) for local shoe and leathergoods manufacturers
in the Riverbanks Commercial Center.
Revival and promotion of the Marikina Special Economic Zone to entice new
investors/locators to the city.
Sustain the existing Labor, Management and Local Government Tripartite
Agreement
Creation of better business climate through provision of necessary
infrastructures and facilities.
27
LOCAL DEVELOPMENT/INVESTMENT PROGRAM
City of Marikina
2000 to 2010
Implementing Agency : City Trade and Industry Office

PROGRAM/PROJECT TIME FRAME SOURCE OF FUND
Skills enhancement program. 2000 2010 Local Fund
Tax incentive program. 2000 2010 - do -
International promotional and information 2000 2010 - do -

dissemination program on local shoes
and leathergoods..
Product quality control and improvement 2000 2010 - do -

program.
Product standard development program. 2000 2005 - do -
Promotion on Sapatos sa Marikina hindi 2000 2010 - do -

sa Baclaran.
Establishment and promotion of the 2000 2010 - do -

Marikina Shoe Museum.
Product quality and improvement 2000 2010 - do -

program.
Establishment of a Shoe Design Center 2000 2010 - do -

and Training Center in Marikina. (Where
designers shall have access to internet
and computerize their design and
creations)
Establishment of linkages with institutions 2000 2010 - do -

to promote the shoe industry of Marikina.
Development of infrastructures and 2000 2005 - do -

facilities in existing and prospective
commercial and industrial areas.
Industrial Security Assistance to preserve 2000 2010 - do -

jobs.
Promotion of the Business, Food and 2000 2010 - do -

Commercial Triangle.
Promotion of the Marikina Special 2000 2010 - do -

28
Economic Zone.
2.4 TRANSPORTATION
Marikina is easily accessible to other cities and towns since buses and jeepneys
en route to and from Cogeo, Antipolo, Pasig, Cainta, Taytay, San Mateo,
Montalban and parts of Quezon City traverse through the city regularly. With the
influx of vehicles everyday, traffic management measures are implemented with
joint efforts of the City Government of Marikina, Philippine National Police and
the Barangay Governments. The city prides itself in having hassle-free roadways
to the comfort and safety of motorists and commuters. However, due to
continuing population growth and corresponding increases in vehicular trips,
transportation is still a concern for Marikina City to maintain its efficient transit
system.
2.4.1 Existing Transportation Systems
Road Network
Marikina City has a total road length of about 373.80 kilometers, classified into
national (25.99 kms.) and city roads (347.81 kms.). Most of the roads follow a
grid pattern except in Marikina Heights where roads follow circular and radial
patterns.
Due to the limited number of major roads within the city and the high dependence
of trip makers on motorized vehicle, vehicular traffic congestion is experienced
during peak hours. J.P. Rizal St. runs along the Marikina River and is practically
the only through road that goes to San Mateo and Rodriguez. Traffic counts
gathered in October 1999 gave an estimated volume capacity ratio ranging from
0.85 to 0.90 during peak hours.
The Marikina River divides the city into two major parts. The Marikina Bridge and
the bridge along Marcos Highway link the two parts of the city. The Tumana
Bridge, completed in 1996, serves as a third link connecting the northern portion
of Marikina to Quezon City.
29
Table 28
Road Inventory by Barangay and Type of Pavement
Marikina City
1999
Resettlement Site/CMP
Barangay Concrete Asphalt Gravel Macadam Concrete Macadam
Roads Alleys Roads Alleys
Sta. Elena 8.45615 0.96415 0 0 0 0 0 0
San Roque 21.10280 3.66540 0.17150 0 0 0 0 0
Sto. Nio 22.32498 0 0.48500 2.26402 0 0 0 0.65290
Taong 9.36880 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
J. dela Pea 8.69340 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Barangka 2.75500 0 0.38905 1.20000 0 0 0 0
I.V.C. 10.12520 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Malanday 12.44740 1.36230 0 0.24000 3.04890 1.45690 0 1.78280
Kalumpang 9.88265 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Concepcion I 47.06208 24.20750 2.92500 11.22199 3.50200 0 8.82600 0.24420
Concepcion II 21.45590 17.46933 0.20000 3.80000 0 0 0 0
Parang 32.91590 4.72700 3.31730 11.01600 0.87520 1.14965 1.13490 2.03525
Nangka 18.60830 1.15000 1.32000 0 0 0 1.52515 2.75575
Mkna. Heights 23.04768 0.58500 1.09500 0 0 2.11689 0 0.66255
TOTAL 248.24624 54.13068 9.90285 29.74201 7.42610 4.723344 11.48605 8.13345
Source : Office of the City Engineer
2.4.2 Public Transport Systems
The major modes of public transportation within the city consist of buses,
jeepneys and tricycles. Presently, six (6) bus companies with a total of 138 units
regularly ply within, to and from Marikina (See Table 29). The jeepneys with
about 1,158. units and 9 routes provide service for both internal and external trips
(See Table 30). For most short distance internal trips, the tricycle is playing a
major role with more than 3,500 units operating within the city (See Table 31)
Table 29
Number of Buses, Drivers and Conductors
Marikina City
1999
Name of No. of No. of No. of

Company Buses Drivers Conductors
Mkna. Auto Line 57 80 82
Ismael Bus Lines 28 50 52
EJRC Bus Lines 27 30 30
MAC Line Bus 10 13 13
Fides Express Bus 10 18 16
Kat Lines 6 8 10
TOTAL 138 199 203
30
Source : Primary Survey City Planning & Development Office
Table 30
Public Utility Jeepneys Plying within, to and from
Marikina City
1999
Route No. of No. of Location of

Units Drivers Terminals
1. Mkna.-Montalban-Palengke 138 150 Mkna. Terminal
2. Mkna.-Parang-Palengke 60 300 Mkna. Terminal
3. Mkna.-Pasig-San Joaquin 300 350 Mkna. Terminal
4. Marikina-Antipolo 100 300 Mkna. Terminal
5. Mkna.-Cubao-Kalumpang 150 300 Daang Pasig
6. Modesta-Parang-Cubao 80 120 Fortune Ave.
7. Marikina-Parang-Cubao 200 400 Fortune Ave.
8. Marikina-SSS Village-Cubao 80 160 Panorama St.
9. Marikina-Pasig-Santolan 50 75 M. Cruz St.
TOTAL 1,158 2,155
Source : Primary Survey City Planning & Development Office
Table 31
Number of Public Motorized Tricycle per Barangay
Marikina City
1999
Barangay No. of Tricycle No. of Association

Sto. Nio 603 15
Parang 576 75
Marikina Heights 372 5
Concepcion I 304 5
Concepcion II 264 3
Nangka 105 3
Malanday 155 1
Barangka 66 2
Taong 60 1
Sta. Elena 428 9
San Roque 203 4
Kalumpang 212 3
Jesus de la Pea 0 0
Industrial Valley Complex 1 1
TOTAL 3,425 59
Source : Tricycle Regulations Office
31
2.4.3 Summary of Existing Transportation Conditions and Trends
With the continuing improvement and expansion of existing roads and

opening of new ones/development of new access roads, traffic volume shall
be greatly reduced in many of the citys major thoroughfares. This shall be
critical in meeting future demand by increasing road capacity since there are
limited opportunities to extend road right of ways, particularly in major roads.
The proposed road inter-change and C-5 By pass Road Project along Marcos
Highway, expansion of existing truck routes, construction of all-weather bridge
in Tumana, Concepcion I and the development of 49.7 km. of bikeways on
existing roads and 16.6 km. along the Marikina River banks serving as
connection to the new LRT station shall help address some of the citys
transportation requirements.
In addition to road transit projects, sustainability requires efficient traffic

enforcement. It is in this light that the city is taking the cudgels of installing
its own traffic signals on about 30 major intersections. Other traffic demand
measures have also been taken into consideration for future implementation.
Transportation Sector Plan
Goal
Provide efficient transportation systems for better regional and local

accessibility and circulation.
Objectives
Reduction of traffic congestion.

Improvement and maintenance of road network including sidewalks.
Installation of appropriate street furnitures, signages, loading and unloading
bays and other public transport facilities.
Development of new public parking areas.
More effective enforcement of traffic and parking rules and regulations.
Development of alternative mode of transportation.
Improvement of traffic signalization program.
Targets
Reduce travel time within the city by 15 to 30 minutes.

Achieve 98% compliance of drivers to traffic rules within the next two (2)
years.
32
Reduce air pollution in the city within tolerable level within five (5) years.
Operationalization of the local bicycle network by 2001.
Operationalization of thirty (30) new traffic lights by 2001.
Construction of all-weather bridge in Tumana, Concepcion.
Full operationalization of the access road connecting the southern part of
Marikina to Libis, Quezon City (passing thru Camp Atienza) by 2001.
100% road concreted by 2002
Policies/Strategies
Continuous improvement of transport and traffic management facilities.

Reduce pedestrian-vehicle conflict.
Keep the roadways hassle-free and sidewalks walkable.
Strick implementation of traffic and parking rules and regulations.
Keeping the tricycles off in major thoroughfares to reduce traffic congestion.
Establish new PUJ routes to spread-out vehicles trips and serve as many
constituents as possible.
Discourage installation of humps and other obstructions, especially along
major thoroughfares.
Continuing educational campaign on road courtesy, proper loading and
unloading practices, dress code for PUJ drivers, among others.
33
PROPOSED PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS
City of Marikina
2000 TO 2010
Implementing Agency : City Engineering Office

(days)
Flood Control Drainage, Curb and
Gutter and Sidewalk Repair/
Improvement
1. Molave St., Concepcion I Drainage 31 days Local Fund

Improvement
2. Falcon St., Sta. Elena Drainage 38 days - do -

Improvement & Sidewalk curb and
gutter concrete
Improvement of Roadways
1. Calcite (Granite to Kaolin) 42 days - do -
Repair and Maintenance
1. Toyota Ave., Sta. Elena Repair of 51 days - do -

Drainage system/Sidewalk
concreting/cover
2. Cinnabar & Basalt Sts., open space 70 days - do -
at Barangay Parang - Repair of
Drainage system
3. A. de Guzman & Paraluman Sts., 73 days - do -
Parang Repair of Drainage system
4. Balite Circumferential (inner side) 70 days - do -
Brgy. Parang Repair of Drainage
System
5. Bayan-bayanan Ave., Conc. I 50 days - do -
Repair of Drainage system
Road Sectional Blocking
1. E. Rodriguez/Sectional Blocking at - do -
Brgy. Sto. Nio
2. A. Tuazon Repair/Rehab/Sectional
34
blocking at Brgy. San Roque & Sta. 78 days - do -
Elena
City of Marikina
2000 TO 2010

(days)
3. Katipunan St., Concepcion I 46 days Local Fund

Repair/Rehab/Sectional blocking
4. A. de Guzman St., Concepcion I - do -
Repair/Rehab./Sectional blocking
6. Jogging Lane at brgy. J. dela Pea 108 days - do -
Sectional Blocking/Repair
Road Concreting
1. 5th St., Sto. Nio 32 days - do -

2. Freedom Park Road 31 days - do -
3. River Dike Road Tumana, Conc. I 240 days - do -
4. Panorama St. - do -
5. Bon River St. - do -
6. Fatima Drive - do -
7. Lourdes Drive - do -
8. Colt St. - do -
9. Calcite/Kaolin St. - do -
Drainage Improvement Concreting of

Sidewalk
1. E. Santos St. 82 days - do -

2. Karen St. 54 days - do -
3. Gregorio St. 60 days - do -
4. Kalaw St. 50 days - do -
5. Aberilla St. 55 days - do -
6. Meritt St. 52 days - do -
7. Exequiel St. 98 days - do -
8. Cepeda St. 42 days - do -
9. Kagitingan St., Calumpang 55 days - do -
10. Fatima Drive, Malanday 57 days - do -
11. Shoe Ave., San Roque 37 days - do -
12. Drainage Outfall @ Cream, Magat 120 days - do -
Salamat, Maroon, Purple Balanti
35
Creek to Molave

City of Marikina
2000 TO 2010

(days)
13. Molave St., Drainage Improvement Local Fund
14. Mt. Everest Drainage Improvement 44 days - do -
& Sidewalk concreting
15. C. Cruz St., Repair of Drainage 42 days - do -
system/cover (west side)
16. Estrado St., Drainage Improvement 16 days - do -
& sidewalk concreting
17. Sparrow, Maple Wallnut Drainage 31 days - do -
improvement & sidewalk concreting
18. Oriole St., Drainage improvement & 10 days - do -
sidewalk concreting
19. Chestnut St. Drainage improvement 21 days - do -
& sidewalk concreting
20. Mt. Everest St. - do -
21. Graphite St. - do -
22. Col. Divino Drainage - do -
Improvement/Improvement.Conc. of
sidewalk
23. Concreting of sidewalk West Drive - do -
24. Concreting of sidewalk, curb & - do -
gutter, bicycle lane Lilac St.
25. M. Roxas St. Ext., Repair of 46 days - do -
Drainage system/cover
26. Auditorium, Sta. Elena 120 days - do -
27. Justice Hall/Jail Building 540 days - do -
36
City of Marikina
2000 to 2010
Construction of waiting sheds for 2000 2005 Local Fund

public commuter convenience
Pedestrianization projects (wallkways 2000 2005 - do -

and street landscaping
improvements)
Construction of local bicycle network 2001 2002 Global Environment

using financial grant from the Global Facility (GEF) World
environment Facility (GEF) Bank
37
City of Marikina
2000 to 2010
Eskuwelahan ng Driver sa 2000 2010 Local Fund

Bangketa (Impromptu street-side
lectures on traffic rules and
regulations, road courtesy and
signages by the arresting traffic
enforcers)
Designation of appropriate loading 2000 2010 - do -

and unloading zones all over the city
(with strict imposition of disciplinary
measures on erring drivers)
Continuous implementation of Hassle- 2000 2010 - do -

Free Roadways Program (Walang
Nakahambalang, Walang Nakakainis
sa Lansangan)
2000 2001
Installation of appropriate traffic and - do -
directional signages.
Installation of traffic signals in 30 2000 2001 - do -

major intersection within the city.
Construction of additional parking 2000 2005 - do -

facilities.
38
2.5 UTILITIES
As a highly urbanized area in the metropolis, for continued improvement in the

quality of life and growth of the city, appropriate and sufficient utility
infrastructures such as water supply, drainage, sewerage, electricity and
telecommunication system are crucial requirements. With the increasing
population, the existing coverage need to expand and be upgraded to cope with
future requirements.
2.5.1 Water Supply
The citys water supply is provided by the Manila Water Company (formerly
Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System). Domestic use accounts for
92.41% of the total water consumption in the city and commercial use accounts
for the remaining 7.59%.
Table 32
Number of Customer Served by Manila Water
Marikina City
1998 1999
Year Residential Commercial Total

1998 38,759 3,183 41,942
1999 40,161 3,299 43,460
Source: Manila Water Company
Almost all areas in the city are served. As of 1999, 94.18% of households have
direct water access (through household/communal water faucets). While the
remaining 5% get their water from public faucets.
Table 33
Number of Households in Occupied Housing Units by
Main Source of Drinking Water
Marikina City
1999
Main Source of Drinking Water Number Percentage

Own use, faucet, community water system 61,869 94.18
Shared faucet, community water system 3,822 5.82
Own use, tubed/piped deep well 0 -
Shared, tubed/piped shallow deep/dug well 0 -
Spring, lake, river, rain, etc. 0 -
TOTAL 65,691 100%
39
Source : City Health Office
Sectoral Plan
Goal/Objective
Ensure adequate and continuous supply of potable water in Marikina City.
Target
Provide 100% potable water supply coverage in Marikina city by year 2001.
Policies/Strategies
Require major developments to conduct and submit impact assessment

studies on water supply.
Prohibit the use of water motor pumps to ensure equitable supply of water
Remove illegal water connections and drastically reduce water leaks.
Discourage installation of deepwells (poso) to encourage people to save
money for city water connection.
Program/Project
GRIPO BAWAT BAHAY (access to city water in all households - - no more

deep wells - - wala ng paposo-poso)
2.5.2 Drainage and Sewerage
The Marikina River serves as the citys principal drainage system. The Nangka
River which serves as the boundary of Marikina and the Municipality of San
Mateo similarly drains a sizeable area of Marikina, particularly the eastern
portions of the city. Other than these rivers, there are also a number of creeks
that can be found in the city. The city has several open and covered canals which
serve as its drainage system. Domestic and industrial wastes are discharged into
this canals and ultimately drains into the creeks and the river. Additional drainage
facilities especially in the flood-prone areas are under construction to lessen the
yearly flood-related problem of the city. Sewerage disposal for the rest of the city
is conducted mostly through septic tanks.
40
Sectoral Plan
Goal/Objectives
Increase and improvement of existing drainage system.
Targets
Attain 100% completion of drainage improvement projects by 2001.

Construction of additional drainage especially in flood-prone areas
Eliminate dumping of garbage into waterways
Policies/Strategies
Formulation and implementation of comprehensive drainage system plan.

Monitoring and implementation of the Save the Marikina River program.
Programs/Projects
Completion of the drainage improvement projects in all barangays

Monitoring of the Marikina River
Effective waste management and disposal.
2.5.3 Power and Telecommunications
The Manila Electric Company (MERALCO) is the franchise power distributor of

Marikinas electric power supply/needs. As of 1996 residential uses account for
86.83% of total Meralco connections in the city, commercial uses account for
12.63% and industrial uses account for 0.54%.
Table 34
Customers Served by Meralco
Marikina City
1996
Customer Number Percent

Residential 34,187 86.83
Commercial 4,973 12.63
Industrial 212 0.54
TOTAL 39,372 100%
Source : Manila Electric Company (MERALCO)
41
Philippine Long Distance and Telephone Company (PLDT), Globe Telecoms and
BayanTel are the providers of land-based telephone services in the city.
The Telecommunications Office Marikina Branch under the Department of

Transportation and Communications (DOTC) takes charge of delivering/providing
telegraphic services. Also, the city is served by two (2) major private domestic
telegraph companies; Radio Communications of the Philippines, Inc. (RCPI) and
Philippine Telegraph and Telephone Company (PT&T).
Postal services are provided by the Central Postal Office. Its building is located
adjacent to Marikina City Hall. It is at present manned by 24 personnel.
Sectoral Plan
Goal/Objectives
Ensure steady power supply.

Ensure the accessibility of telecommunications facilities.
Targets
At least one telephone line for every household by the year 2003.
Reduce power pilferage
Policies/Strategies
Greater coordination with the private sector in the provision of power and
telecommunications facilities.
Increased use of Information Technology.
42
City of Marikina
2000 to 2010
Implementing Agency : PLDT, Globe Telecom & Bayan Tel
Continuous expansion of PLDT, 2000 2010 Concerned Private

Globe Telecoms and BayanTel Companies
telephone services.
Installation of public phones at 2000 2010 - do -

various convenient locations.
Continuous expansion of internet 2000 2010 - do -

access.
2.5.4. Summary of Existing Utilities
Almost all areas in the city are served by the Manila Water Company, with
domestic use accounting for the bulk of water consumption. Substantial
improvement in water supply service are on-going to serve areas in Marikina
located on higher grounds.
Several low-lying areas in Marikina are still flood-prone. Additional drainage

facilities along with the prevention of indiscriminate dumping of garbage on
waterways are needed to address the flood problem.
The Manila Electric Company provides electric power in the city, with
residential uses accounting for the bulk of power consumption. An increase in
power supply will be required to support future growth.
The telecommunication requirements of the city are served by several utility

companies. Telephone services was been improving through the years but
need further expansion to ensure better accessibility and to meet current and
future demand.
43
2.6 ENVIRONMENT
Environment plays a central role in community management. Despite a fairly

adequate system of laws and regulations, environmental degradation advances
in Metro Manila. For development to be sustained environment must be taken
cared of. It is in this light that Marikina has mounted various programs which are
geared towards environmental protection and management, or more specifically
to make Marikina clean, orderly, in and out, all-over.
In reality, the biggest part of the environment in an urban setting is people --

there is virtually a vast forest or jungle of people. To address this big part of
environment, there is a need for discipline -- the need to inculcate and
internalize the value of discipline among the people because without it no amount
of care for environment would be meaningful.
Marikina has become a model in environment-related programs. It has made

and is still pursuing a strong case for discipline. It has a long-range program of
more discipline at home, in the school and in the whole community.
2.6.1 Solid Waste Management
Generation Rate
In 1999, waste generation in Marikina was estimated to be between 150 - 200

tons per day or roughly 400 cubic meters per day. Bulk of the solid waste come
from the residential households, accounting for almost half of the total waste
generated, followed by commercial, public and private markets; and institutional
places. (Refer to Table 35 below) The aggregate volume of waste generated
daily translates to 150-200 tons per day.
Table 35
Solid Waste Generation
Marikina City
1999
Type of Waste Generated Cu. M/day Share (%)

Residential 272 68.00 %
Commercial 38 9.50 %
Public & Private Market 48 12.00 %
Industrial 16 4.00 %
Institutional 20 5.00 %
Street Sweeping 2 .50 %
Kuyagot 4 1.00 %
TOTAL 400 cu.m./day 100.00%
Source : Waste Management Office
44
Garbage Collection Rate
The Solid Waste collection and disposal operations in the city is being
administered by the Waste Management Office (WMO). The city is equipped with
twenty four (24) compactor trucks and ten (10) dump trucks, manned by 255
personnel. With the effective deployment of equipment and manpower and the
use of a Garbage Transfer Station, the city is credited with a high garbage
collection efficiency rate of 98% based on 1999 data. (Considered as one of he
highest in Metro Manila)
Waste Disposal System
The garbage that is being collected is transported to the Garbage Transfer

Station located at the back of the city hall where dumptrucks are waiting which in
turn transport the same to the sanitary landfill site situated in San Mateo Rizal.
These are collected along the road/street at curbside. Residents and owners of
establishments are required to discharge wastes in plastic bags or trash
receptacles prior to the arrival of garbage compactor.
The city has also adopted a Users Pay Principle (the more garbage you
generate the greater the cost you incur). This is the substance of the city
ordinance which requires commercial establishments to use only official bags
which they can purchase from the Waste Management Office at P25.00 per piece
(big size) and P12.00 per piece (small size). This scheme is intended to
persuade commercial establishments into minimizing on their garbage generation
to save on cost.
A schedule for garbage collection per area is set once a week in residential
areas, twice a week in commercial/industrial areas, and 24-hour service in the
public market zone.
2.6.2 Pollution
Air Pollution
No data on air quality measurements are available for Marikina City although
smokestack industries may be initially attracted by permissive attitude towards
air pollution control. Retrofitting dirty industry with control devices after
completion (and considerable depreciation) is usually uneconomical compared
with designing in state-of-the-art pollution control during initial construction. All
industries that involve combustion are sources of combustion-derived pollutants,
such as soot, fly ash, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides.
45
Marikina is continuously aspiring to become a genuinely wholesome place to live
in. Recently the city has launched a program Dust-Free Marikina -- A
Healthy City with Clean Air Program which aims to support the national
government in pursuit of the Clean Air Act.
To support the national governments drive against smoke-belching vehicles, the

city government of Marikina thru its Sangguniang Bayan created the Environment
and Natural Resource Office (ENRO) per Resolution No. 127, series of 1992
which main objective is to improve the quality of air within Marikina and
safeguard the health of the public.
Water Pollution
Latest data on water quality of Marikina River using the site under the Marikina
Bridge as sampling station showed the following results:
Table 36
Water Quality of Marikina River
Marikina City
1999
Water Secchi
Date Salinity PH DO BOD Temp. depth depth NH3-N PO4-P NO3-N
mg/l mg/l (m) (m) Mg/l mg/l mg/l
Jan.99 0 7.00 5.30 5.00 27.00 0.15 0.095 0.223 0.869
Feb.99 0 7.98 3.50 3.00 28.10 1.370 0.071 0.927
Mar.99 0 7.41 4.00 7.00 26.90 2.120 0.384 0.888
Apr.99 2 7.32 1.80 5.00 30.50 1.5 0.25 2.470 0.430 0.596
May99 7.42 5.80 18.00 29.30 0.75 0.05 1.290 0.252 0.893
Jun.99 0 7.69 5.00 8.00 27.90 0.75 0.10 1.170 0.244 0.652
Jul.99 0 7.44 5.20 12.00 27.20 0.07 0.896 0.195 0.645
Aug.99 0 7.56 6.90 4.00 29.40 1.0 0.574 0.068 0.647
Sep.99 0 7.57 5.70 9.00 29.40 1.150 0.174 0.731
Oct.99 0 7.35 5.40 10.00 27.30 0.20 1.340 0.196 0.915
Nov.99 0 7.63 25.90 1.5 0.15
Dec.99 0 7.48 4.86 8.1 28.08 1.1 0.13 1.247 0.223 0.776
3C
Std. 6.5- 5.0 7(10) Max. 1.0 1.0 0.4 1.0
8.5 rise
Marikina River traversing Marikina City is classified as Class C (good for fishery
and recreational purposes). However, its overall water quality has deteriorated
compared to its water quality during the seventies when it was classified as
Class A (appropriate for water supply with complete treatment). For the sampling
46
period (January to November 1999), BOD averaged 8.1 mg/l which is slightly
above the standard of 7 mg/l while DO averaged 4.86 mg/l which is slightly
below the standard value of 5.0 mg/l. NH3-N registered an average of 1.247
mg/l which is slightly above the standard of 1.0 mg/l while the average results for
PO4-P and NO3-N were within standards. The overall water quality of Marikina
River is better compared to other rivers in Metro Manila. In fact, it is the only
biologically alive river in the whole of Metro Manila today. Marikina Rivers water
quality has the potential to further improve considering its present conditions and
the way it is managed by the City Government.
There is still a number of solid wastes (plastic wrappers, styrofoam) that are
frequently seen floating in the river. Although the Marikina River is much cleaner
than the Pasig River, the northern and southern ends of its riverbanks are
observed to be occasionally littered with some waste materials.
Some local residents are occasionally seen fishing in some segments of the river.
Tilapia, mudfish, carp and catfish are reported to be caught in the river. Others
interviewed also reported the presence of small shrimps and some freshwater
shellfish.
Flooding
As depicted in the flooding map (Flood Prone areas in Marikina), both river banks
for the whole stretch of the Marikina River traversing the city are reported to be
flood-prone areas and frequently flooded during heavy rains/typhoons. While the
normal depth of the river is 3 meters it can go as high as 18 meters during heavy
downpour of rains. The Marikina River is practically a catch basin of rain water
coming from Rodriguez. (formerly Montalban and San Mateo, Rizal)
Streets that get inundated within the city include segments of J.P. Laurel and
adjacent lots, Quirino, Mt. Wilson, Mt. Etna, Mt. Kennedy, Katipunan and Pio del
Pilar intersection, Rosas, Quarts, Basalt, Lennon, Panama and Brazil.
Environment Sector Plan
Environmental concerns such as water quality, air pollution and waste

management have been and are being effectively addressed by the city through
novel, yet practical strategies. Proof of this are the numerous awards conferred
to city as the Cleanest and Greenest Town and Cleanest Inland Body of Water in
the National Capital Region. Nonetheless local efforts need to be sustained and
new complementary projects should put in place to prevent the city from going
back to its sorry state of years ago.
47
Goal
To make Marikina clean and green, and orderly, in and out, all over.
Objectives
To sustain, expand and complement projects that are already in place.
Target
Marikina the most livable city in the Philippines by 2002.
Policy/Strategy
Pursuit of practical and viable solutions that would create immediate impact to
the citys foreboding environmental concerns, especially those which affect
marginalized segments of the populace.
48
City of Marikina
2000 to 2010
Implementing Agency : Parks Development Office/WMO/Engineering Office
Puno Kahit Saan (the whole town 2000 2010 Local Fund
is a nursery of trees)
Development of public lands and 2000 2005 - do -

open spaces into Peoples Parks
Dust Free Marikina - - A Healthy 2000 2010 - do -

City with Clean Air Program
City Bikelane Network 2001 2002 Global Environment

Facility (GEF)
World Bank
Expansion of the Marikina River Park 2000 2005 Local Fund

Project
Disiplina sa Bangketa 2000 2010 - do -
Effective Waste Management through 2000 2010 - do -

Deployment of Proper Engineering
(Garbage Transfer Station) and strict
observance/advocacy of the principle
Basura Mo Alagaan Mo
Hakot Kuyagot (collection of scrap

materials e.g. rusted G.I. sheets, old 2000 2010 - do -
limbers, tree branches except
construction debris at least once a
week in every barangay and on per
request basis by residents)
49
2.6.3 Summary of Existing Environmental Conditions
In 1999, the estimated total solid waste generation in Marikina City was between
150-200 tons per day or roughly 400 cubic meters per day. Residential
households generated the most waste, accounting for almost half of the total
waste generated, followed by commercial, public and private markets and
institutional places.
Solid waste collection and disposal operations in the city is handled by the
Waste Management Office (WMO). Marikina is credited with a high garbage
collection efficiency rate of 98% based on 1999 data.
Marikina City has no available data on air quality measurements but the bulk
of air pollution maybe attributed to motor vehicles. Part of air pollution may
be attributed to all industries that involve combustion.
The overall water quality of the Marikina River has deteriorated thru the years.
During the seventies, the Marikina River water quality was classified as Class
A but has drop to Class C during the nineties. Even the water quality of the
river has dropped, local residents are occasionally seen fishing in some
segments of the river.
The proposed Marikina Bikeways Project is expected to reduce considerably

traffic congestion and air pollution within the city. The project is primarily aimed
at promoting low-cost and environment friendly transport within the city. through
the provision of space dedicated for bikeways in existing roads, the project
expects to encourage more residents to use bicycles as an alternative means of
transport in the city. Biking as an alternative means of transportation is not only
economical but pollution-free. It is projected to benefit Marikeos, particularly the
poor segment of the society when making short distance trips, commuting to
their work places and students going to schools. Bikeways also effectively
increase the local residents mobility for other domestic and business purposes.
The riverside lanes will also promote biking as a healthy recreation among
Marikeos and local visitors.
The continuing implementation and intensification of such projects as Marikina

River Park Development, Puno Kahit Saan, Development of Peoples Park,
Disiplina sa Bangketa, maintenance of high garbage collection efficiency rate at
98% and the introduction of new programs as Marikina City Bikeways and Dust-
Free Marikina (This involves washing and flushing of the streets sidewalks and walls with water thrice
a week using water trucks which serve as vacuum cleaners and sweep the streets of dirt and lint.
Simultaneously, the demolition team conducts its operation to rid the sidewalks of all forms of
obstructions) are expected to keep Marikina a wholesome community and a show-window of
environmental protection and management in the metropolis.
50
2.7 SOCIAL SERVICES
2.7.1 EDUCATION
Existing Condition
Literacy Rate
As of 1995, the household population 10 years old and over, 99.16% are literate
and only 0.84% are illiterate. (Refer to Table 37)
Table 37
Literacy of Household Population 10 years old and Over
Marikina City
1995
Age Group Literate Illiterate Total

10-14 42,371 593 42,964
15-19 44,674 400 45,074
20-24 46,849 210 47,059
25-29 41,363 135 41,498
30-34 34,994 119 35,133
35-39 29,004 134 29,138
40-44 22,384 88 22,472
45-49 15,353 82 15,435
50-54 13,367 115 13,482
55-59 9,269 130 9,399
60-64 6,400 118 6,518
65-69 4,004 146 4,150
70-74 2,333 139 2,472
75-79 1,702 125 1,827
80 & over 1,198 136 1,334
TOTAL 315,265 2,670 317,935

Source : NSO
Educational Attainment
According to the 1995 census, 34.03% of the city's population had attained, at a
minimum, a secondary level of education, while 13.64% had academic degree. A
total of 3,513 or 1.14% of the household population aged 5 years and older had
no educational attainment (See Table 38).
51
Table 38
Household Population 5 years old and Over by Highest
Educational Attainment by School Attendance and Sex
Marikina City
1995
Educational Level Male Female Total

No Grade Completed 1,548 1,965 3,513
Pre School 1,224 1,054 2,278
Elementary 44,845 53,470 98,315
High School 51,525 53,039 104,564
Post Secondary 5,279 5,671 10,950
College Undergraduate 22,355 20,672 43,027
Academic Degree Holder 19,495 22,413 41,908
Not Stated 1,194 1,469 2,663
TOTAL 147,465 159,753 307,218
Source : NSO
As of December 1999, Marikina City had 15 public pre-school, 18 public

elementary schools and 6 public secondary schools. The Marikina Institute of
Science and Technology is the only public higher education institution operated
by DECS. It is also the only institution offering post graduate courses to include
Masteral and Doctorate degrees in educational management. Private schools
included 34 pre-school, 34 elementary, 15 secondary. The city also has 4
vocational schools and 2 tertiary schools. (See Table 39)
Table 39
Distribution of Schools by Level of Education
Marikina City
1999
No. of Public No. of Private

By Level Schools Schools
Pre-School 15 34
Elementary 18 34
High School 6 15
Tertiary 1 2
Vocational/Technical School 1 4
Source : DECS
52
School-going Age Population
School year 1999-2000, the total enrollment of school-going age population in

Marikina City was 94,796. The elementary level has the highest number of
school enrollment totaling to about 57,968 or 61.15%. (Table 40)
Table 40
Population by Age Group
Marikina City
SY 1999-2000
Age Group Population

(Both Sexes)
4 - 6 5,638
7 - 12 57,968
13 - 16 26,266
17 - 24 4,924
TOTAL 94,796
Source : DECS
Enrollment
For the year of 1999-2000, public schools enrollment accounted for 73.56% of
total elementary enrolment; the balance of 26.44% enrolled in private elementary
schools. At the high school level, 64.36% were enrolled at public schools
whereas 35.64% were enrolled at private high. The total enrolment in college are
30.54% in public schools and 69.46% are in private schools.
Table 41
Enrollment Statistics by Level
Marikina City
SY 1999-2000
Pre- Vocational-
Type Elementary Secondary College
School Technical
Public 1,918 44,870 16,906 1,643 914
Private 3,720 13,098 9,360 288 2,079
TOTAL 5,638 57,968 26,266 1,931 2,993
Source : DECS
53
Distribution of Public School Teachers and Teacher-Student Ratios
For the year 1999-2000, the total number of Marikina City public school teachers
was 1,577. Marikina Public High School had a total of 413 teachers.
The public pre-school teacher-student ratio has been consistent at 1:30 for three
consecutive year (1997-2000). In the elementary school teacher-student ratio of
1:41 was the highest recorded during school year 1999-2000. In the high school
level, the teacher-student ratio of 1:35 during school year 1999-2000. (Table 42)
Table 42
Teacher-Student Ratio
Marikina City
SY 1999-2000
School Level SY 1997-1998 SY 1998-1999 SY 1999-2000

Pre-School 1:30 1:30 1:30
Elementary 1:50 1:45 1:41
High School 1:50 1:45 1:35
Source : DECS
Textbook-Student Ratios on Public School
The Division of Marikina has maintained the textbook-student ratio of 1:1 in all
level during the school year 1999-2000
Performance Indicators
Performance indicators during the school year 1998-1999 are generally good for
public elementary schools. However, performance indicators for high school
level shows a relatively low completion rate, high drop out rate and low survival
rate. The high drop out rate contributed to the low completion and survival rates.
The survival rate of 79.97% implies that more than 20% of the students who
enrolled in the first year did not reach or finish fourth year. These maybe
attributed to the following: employment of students, relocation of squatter families
and early marriage or pregnancy and illness or poor health. Some students,
especially children of unemployed parents, leave school to be employed in jobs
that do not require technical skills Poor health is also an essential factor due to
debilitating diseases which hinder student from going to school. Early marriage
and pregnancy are common factors for the low survival rate especially among the
14-17 age bracket.
54
Table 43
Public School Performance Indicators
Marikina City
SY 1998-1999
Indicators Elementary High School

Completion Rate 88.00 55.30
Drop-out Rate 00.10 07.12
Graduation Rate 100.00 95.21
Participation Rate 93.00 92.75
Promotion Rate 99.00 87.35
Retention Rate 96.00 63.97
Survival Rate 87.00 79.97
Transition Rate 96.00 67.75
Achievement Result
In the 1998 National Elementary Achievement Test (NEAT) and National

Secondary Achievement Test (NSAT); Table 44 indicates that the Division of
Marikina ranked first in English, Filipino and Mathematics and second in Science
in the NCR.
Table 44
NSAT Performance in Subject Areas
Marikina City
1998
NSAT ENGLISH FILIPINO SCIENCE MATHEMATICS

Div. Div. Div. Div.
Division Mean Rank Mean Rank Mean Rank Mean Rank
Manila 50.04 7 70.27 5 48.05 7 51.55 5
Q. City 50.19 6 68.70 9 47.77 8 47.96 11
Mandaluyong 56.33 3 71.63 3 51.77 3 56.60 2
MARIKINA 56.84 1 75.20 1 52.40 2 60.67 1
Pasig/Sn. Juan 52.24 5 69.23 7 49.43 5 50.48 6
Caloocan 47.81 9 70.40 4 47.29 9 48.63 9
VALMANA 46.63 12 69.43 6 46.20 11 49.75 7
Pasay 48.74 8 68.00 11 48.07 6 49.29 8
Makati 47.39 11 66.77 12 45.84 12 44.57 12
Paraaque 56.73 2 72.77 2 53.61 1 54.79 3
Las Pias 47.74 10 68.53 10 47.07 10 48.09 10
Muntinlupa 52.70 4 68.80 8 50.20 4 52.07 4
TAPAT 42.60 13 65.27 13 43.64 13 40.36 13
Regional Mean 49.71 69.37 48.03 49.36
Source : DECS
55
Table 45
NEAT Performance in Different Subject Areas
Marikina City
1998
NEAT HEKASI MATHEMATICS SCIENCE ENGLISH

Division Mean Rank Mean Rank Mean Rank Mean Rank
Manila 55.05 10 54.63 12 53.70 11 49.55 8
Q.C. 54.80 12 54.93 11 54.28 8 48.55 11
Mandaluyong 54.43 13 55.25 10 54.00 10 48.60 10
Marikina 57.00 5 55.70 7 53.43 12 48.73 9
Pasig/SJ 55.03 11 57.60 5 56.95 5 52.20 5
Caloocan 56.30 6 56.00 6 54.08 9 48.33 9
VALMANA 55.33 9 54.50 13 50.65 13 45.90 13
Pasay City 60.43 2 61.48 2 63.35 2 59.93 2
Makati City 62.85 1 65.25 1 65.80 1 62.65 1
Paranaque 55.25 8 55.53 8 55.18 6 49.73 6
Las Pias 57.45 4 58.03 4 57.60 4 52.60 4
Muntinlupa 59.05 3 61.05 3 61.55 3 57.85 3
TAPAT 55.58 7 55.38 9 54.40 7 49.55 7
REGIONAL 56.00 56.23 55.15 50.20
For the 1998 NEAT Performance in different subject areas, the Division of
Marikina City ranked 5th in HEKASI, 7th in Mathematics, 12th in Science and 9th in
English, the division mean of 57.00% in HEKASI is one point higher than the
regional mean (56.00%); 0.53% higher than the regional mean.
Determination of Future Needs
Projected Enrollment
By 2010, enrollment at the pre-school level is projected to reach 2,586; 58,279

for the elementary; and 22,970 for high school and 1,320 for college. The DECS,
Division of Marikina City has projected this figures based on the annual
enrollment growth rate.
Table 46
Projected Public Schools Enrolment by Level
Marikina City
2005 2010
2005 2010
Level Projected Projected
Enrolment Enrolment
46 (Pre-school) 2,341 2,586
7-12 (Elementary) 52,785 58,279
13-16 (High School) 20,805 22,970
17-21 (College) 1,196 1,320
Source : DECS
56
Teacher Requirements
By 2005, the additional public school teacher requirements for the pre-school
based on the 1 teacher: 30 pupils standard ratio is 23; for the elementary and
high schools based on the 1 teacher: 45 pupils standard ratio is 78 and 49
respectively. While the college level based on the 1 teacher: 50 pupils standard
ratio is 10.
Table 47
Projected Teacher Requirements for Public School
Marikina City
2005
Projected Standard Current Projected

Level Enrolment Teacher-Pupil No. of Teacher
Ratio Teacher Requirement
Pre-School 2,341 1:30 55 23
Elementary 52,785 1:45 1,095 78
High School 20,805 1:45 413 49
College 1,196 1:50 14 10
Source: DECS
Table 48
Projected Teacher Requirements for Public School
Marikina City
2010
Projected Standard Current Projected

Level Enrolment Teacher-Pupil No. of Teacher
Ratio Teacher Requirement
Pre-School 2,586 1:30 55 31
Elementary 58,279 1:45 1,095 200
High School 22,970 1:45 413 97
College 1,320 1:50 14 12
Source : DECS
Classroom Requirements
By the year 2010, the additional classroom requirements for the pre-school
based on the 1 classroom : 25 pupils standard ratio is 38; for the elementary
level based on the 1 classroom: 45 pupils standard ratio is 777; for the high
school levels based on the 1 classroom: 50 pupils standard ratio is 348 while the
college levels based on the 1 classroom: 52 pupils standard ratio is 14.
Table 49
57
Projected Classroom Requirements for Public Schools
Marikina City
2005
Standard Current Projected

Level Projected Classroom- No. of Classroom
Enrolment Pupil Ratio Classroom Requirement
Pre-School 2,341 1:30 48 30
Elementary 52,785 1:45 518 655
High School 20,805 1:50 111 305
College 1,196 1:52 11 12
Source : DECS
Table 50
Projected Classroom Requirement for Public Schools
Marikina City
2010
Standard Current Projected

Level Projected Classroom No. of Classroom
Enrolment Pupil Ratio Classroom Requirement
Pre-school 2,586 1:30 48 38
Elementary 58,279 1:45 518 777
High School 22,970 1:50 111 348
College 1,320 1:52 11 14
Source : DECS
Summary of Existing Education Trends and Conditions
The citys literacy rate is high at 99.16%, nearly one-third of the population
attained at a minimum of secondary level of education.
Textbook-students ratios in public schools have been consistent at 1:1.

Teacher-student ratios in all levels have reached their highest levels ever.
Marikina City has improved its performance in the National Secondary
Achievement Test (NSAT) in the School Year 1998-1999.
By 2005, the additional teacher requirements based on the 1 teacher: 30

pupils standard ratio are 23 at the pre-school level. Based on the 1 teacher :
45 students ratio, the additional teacher requirements on the elementary and
high school levels are 78 and 49 respectively.
Based on the standard 1 classroom : 30 pupils ratio, the classroom

requirements by 2010 were estimated to be 38 at the pre-school; 777 based
on the 1 classroom : 45 students standard ratio on the elementary level; 348
in the high school level based on the standard 1 classroom : 50 students.
58
Education Sector Plan
Goal
To provide free education to elementary and high school students as

guaranteed by the constitution.
Objectives
To curb the perennial problem of classroom inadequacy.

To reduce truancy among students.
To increase achievement levels of pupils to 5% by 2003.
To eliminate collection of fees/contributions from the students.
Targets
Improved achievement levels of pupils by 2% annually.

Lower the classroom/pupil ratio of 1:91 to 1:40 within the planning period SY
2000 forward).
Increased accessibility to public education of local residents.
Additional 250 new classrooms spread-out to the different barangays.
Issuance of IDs to students bearing, among others, schedule of classes to
check truancy.
Strict implementation and monitoring of zero contribution for an honest to
goodness free education program.
Policies/Strategies
Priority shall be given to local residents to avail of the free education program.
Upgrade teaching skills/strategies in all areas both in elementary/ secondary
levels.
Provision of the required number of school rooms and other facilities.
Systematic monitoring and evaluation of the public elementary and secondary
school performance.
Provision of adequate instructional materials (visual aids).
Provision of incentives to honor and deserving students.
Direct basic education not only to literacy but also on the promotion of
creative skills.
Active promotion of the values of discipline, good taste and excellence among
students.
Exploratory research/study on the establishment of a City College.
59
City of Marikina
2000 to 2010
Implementing Agency : GSO/DECS
Construction of Public Elementary 2000 2001 Local Fund

School Building in Barangay Marikina
Heights and additional school rooms
in other barangays.
Truancy Control Program (local 2000 2010 - do-

ordinance)
Non-Formal Education given by 2000 2010 - do-

DECS.
Recruitment of additional school 2000 2010 - do-

teachers as may be necessary and
as the city government can afford
Establishment of a City College. 2000 2010 - do-
Free Education (Zero Contribution) 2000 2010 - do-
60
2.7.2 HEALTH
Considered as the leading indicator in community development is the health

status of the populace. The health sector is tasked with the responsibility of
caring for the well-being of the populace. It involves a multi-faceted endeavor
from all concerns not only in the delivery of medical, institutional and welfare
services but also the quality of existing health facilities, infrastructure and
manpower to satisfy the needs of the community.
Existing Conditions
Vital Health Statistics
Based on the vital health statistics of Marikina City Health Office, the total
number of live births in 1999 was 11,655 and 1,221 total number of deaths. Child
mortality, infant mortality, fetal mortality and maternal mortality number are shown
in Table 51 below. The leading causes of infant and child mortality were
pneumonia, fetal deaths, neonatal deaths, H-fever and measles.
Table 51
Vital Health Statistics
Marikina City
1999
Cause Number Rate per 1,000 population

Live Births 11,655 29.35
Total Deaths 1,221 3.20
Child Mortality 39 1.04
Infant Mortality 60 5.14
Fetal Mortality 49 4.19
Maternal Mortality 2 .17
Source: City Health Office
Mortality
For all ages, the leading cause of mortality was cardiovascular disease. The City
Health Office reported 210 deaths of this disease out of the total population in
1999 (See Table 52).
61
Table 52
Leading Causes of Mortality
Marikina City
1999
Causes Number Rate per 1,000

population
Cardiovascular Disease 210 0.53
Pneumonia 199 0.50
Hypertension 148 0.37
Cancer 120 0.30
PTB 85 0.21
Fetal Death 49 0.12
Neonatal Death 58 0.15
Kidney Diseases 34 0.08
Heart Diseases 27 0.07
Diabetes 35 0.09
Unknown Causes 156 0.39
TOTAL 1,121 2.82
Morbidity
For all ages, Pneumonia was the leading cause of morbidity with 5,771 cases or
a rate of 14.5 persons per 1,000 population (Table 53)
Table 53
Leading Causes of Morbidity
Marikina City, 1999
Causes Number Rate per 1,000

population
Pneumonia 5,771 14.5
Diarrhea 3,183 8.0
Hypertension 3,071 7.7
Influenza 1,725 .4
Bronchitis 1,385 3.5
Skin Disease 1,229 3.0
PTB 975 2.5
Dog bite 571 1.4
Intestinal Parasitism 612 1.5
Static Asthmatic 362 0.9
62
Nutritional Status of Children
The total number of malnourished children aged 0-6 years old was 12,265. From
the fourteen (14) barangays, Barangay Parang registered the highest
malnourished children. Table 54 illustrates the nutritional status of pre-school
children of each barangay in 1998.
Table 54
Nutritional Status of Pre-School Children Per Barangay
Marikina City
1998
Nutritional Status
No. of
Children
Barangay Weigh Moderately Severely Mildly Normal Over-
0- 83 mos. Underweight Underweight Underweight Weight
1. Barangka 4,677 70 2 676 3,755 174
2. Concepcion Uno 11,052 314 67 981 9,203 487
3. Concepcion Dos 3,961 38 4 439 2,964 516
4. I. V.C 2,718 17 0 166 2,424 111
5. Jesus dela Pea 1,868 29 1 267 1,458 113
6. Kalumpang 2,835 27 4 185 2,448 171
7. Malanday 7,929 181 30 1,227 5,687 804
8. Marikina Heights 5,724 179 12 1,032 3,861 368
9. Nangka 5,602 247 18 1,117 3,852 368
10. Parang 9,573 248 18 2,707 6,202 398
11. San Roque 3,138 37 6 385 2,203 507
12. Sta. Elena 1,169 12 1 166 932 58
13. Sto. Nio 5,048 185 25 727 3,667 444
14. Taong 2,012 21 3 394 1,405 189
TOTAL 67,306 1,605 191 10,469 50,061 4,980
Health Facilities
As of 1999, Marikina City had a total of 35 health facilities, 19 of which were

government-owned. These facilities include health centers, hospitals, social
hygiene clinics and family planning clinics (Refer to Table 55).
63
Table 55
Health Facilities
Marikina City
1999
Facilities Public Private

Health Centers 16 0
Lying-In Clinics 0 10
Hospitals 1 6
Social Hygiene Clinic 1 0
Family Planning Clinic 1 0
Table 56
Hospitals and Number of Beds Available
Marikina City
1999
Name of Hospitals Number

Public/Government
Amang Rodriguez Medical Center 150
Private
Sta. Monica Hospital 25
Garcia General Hospital 25
Immaculate Concepcion Hospital 25
St. Vincent Hospital 45
P. Gonzales Hospital 15
Victoria Hospital 34
TOTAL 319
Health Personnel
The City has a total of 18 Physicians and 16 Dentists which are distributed in 15
health centers. The Health Unit Physician-Population ratio is 1:22,060 while for
Dentist-Population ratio is 1:24,818 which are both below the standard 1
physician/dentist: 20,000 population. The Public Health Nurse and Rural Health
Midwife-Population ratio are also below the standard staffing pattern. With the
increasing size of population, the city needs to hire additional health
professionals to meet the standards in Rural Health Personnel Population.
64
Table 57
Public Health Manpower
Marikina City
1999
Health Manpower Number Ratio

Physicians 18 1:22,060
Dentists 16 1:24,818
Dental Aides 8 1:49,636
Public Health Nurses 17 1:23,358
Midwives 41 1:9,685
Population Worker I, II 3 1:132,363
Nutrition Dietician II 7 1:56,727
Barangay Health Aides 8 1:49,636
Medical Technologies II 4 1:99,272
Sanitary Inspectors III 9 1:44,121
Laboratory Aide II 3 1:132,363
Utility Worker/Driver 12 1:33,090
Administrative Officer III 1 1:397,090
Clerk II 1 1:397,090
TOTAL 148
Summary of Existing Health Conditions
The leading causes of infant and child mortality were pneumonia, prematurity,
H-fever and measles. For all ages, the leading cause of mortality was
cardiovascular disease, while pneumonia was the leading cause of morbidity.
Among the 24 barangays surveyed, Barangay Parang registered the highest

number of malnourished children.
Marikina City has a total of 16 public health centers including the City
Employees Clinic. There are 7 hospitals, 6 of which are private and 1 public.
In 1999, the physician-population ratio for Marikina was 1:22,060 while the
nurse-population ratio was 1:23,358. The Department of Healths standard for
physician-population ratio is 1:20,000, signifying that the citys health
manpower is inadequate.
65
Health Sector Plan
Goal
MARIKINA : Malinis, Malusog at Masaya!

To provide health care services to the community particularly the poor and
vulnerable groups so that they can contribute actively, productively and
participate meaningfully in community life, practicing healthy lifestyles.
Objectives
To improve the health condition of the local residents, particularly the

disadvantaged and vulnerable sectors.
To ensure strict compliance to sanitation standards.
To sustain Marikina a model of healthy city in the Philippines.
Targets
All households in Marikina have toilets by the year 2000.

100% compliance of all market vendors/stallholders to P-trap requirement.
A clean and safe food for all.
Improved operational efficiency of city health centers.
Expanded patronage of local residents of free health services.
Policies/Strategies
Enhancement of capabilities of the City Health Office.

Implementation of new and innovative programs to reinforce those which are
already in place.
Promotion of health programs and activities and healthy lifestyles through
massive education and information campaign.
Strict, consistent and non-selective enforcement of local ordinances on
sanitation and hygiene.
Benchmarking with public and private institutions (local and international) on
health related standards, program
66
City of Marikina
2000 to 2010
Implementing Agency : City Health Office
Non-Emergency Medical Transfer 2000 2010 Local Fund

Service
Midnight Doctor 2000 2010 - do -
Construction of three (3) health 2000 2001 - do -

centers in Tumana, Concepcion I,
San Roque and Industrial Valley
Complex.
Renovation of existing health centers 2000 2001 - do -

in Malanday, Balubad Nangka and
Marikina Heights.
Operation P-trap and catch Basin 2000 2010 - do -
67
2.7.3 SOCIAL WELFARE
Existing Conditions
Family and Community Welfare
Socially disadvantaged families are the main beneficiaries of family and welfare
services to develop their capabilities in defining their needs as well as solutions.
Table 58 shows the beneficiaries of Family and Community Welfare Program for
the period 1999.
Table 58
Number of Beneficiaries of Family and Community Welfare Program
Marikina City
1998 1999
Service Type No. of Beneficiaries

Pre-Marriage Counseling 1,377
Responsible Parenthood Service 1,377
Parent Effectiveness Service 748
Social Preparation for Peoples Participation 18,560
Skills and Livelihood Training 90
Capital Loan Assistance 2
Source : Social Welfare and Development Office
Child and Youth Protection
Children in especially difficult circumstances (CEDC) include the street children,

maltreated, abused, maltreated, abandoned, orphaned and the neglected. Table
59 below shows the number of CEDC beneficiaries in 1999. The city has a
program for street children, among which are as follows:
a) Peer Group Services (PYA)

b) Community-based for street children
c) Community-based services for Delinquent Youth, and
d) Day Care Services
68
Table 59
Children in Especially Difficult Circumstances given Services
Marikina City
1999
Category No. of Beneficiaries

Street Children 10
Maltreated 5
Abused and exploited 4
Youthful offenders 10
TOTAL 29
Womens Welfare
The city has a program that seeks to promote the welfare of women like Self
Enhancement Skills Development and Community Participation in Skills
Development.
Disabled and Elderly
The services provided by the city for the disabled and elderly are the following:
a) Information Dissemination on Disability Prevention

b) Assistance for Physical Restoration of Disabled Persons and
Elderly
c) Self Social Enhancement Service for Disabled Persons
d) Social Vocational Preparation for Employment Services
e) Special Social Services for the Elderly
f) Social and Vocational Preparation for Job Placement
g) Registration of Senior Citizens and Provision of Senior Citizens I.D.
cards
In terms of assistance to the elderly, Senior Citizen identification cards were

issued to over 19,611 elderly persons, as provided for under R.A. 7432.
Emergency Assistance
The citys Emergency Assistance Program provides relief, mitigation, restoration

and rehabilitation services to victims of natural and man-made calamities and
other social problems. Table 60 shows the number of beneficiaries served under
this program.
69
Table 60
Beneficiaries of Emergency Assistance Program
Marikina City
1999
Type of Service No. of Beneficiaries

Food and clothing assistance to Fire Victims 30
Food Assistance to Typhoon Victims 18,560
Food Assistance to Relocated Families 10,264
Burial Assistance to Indigent Residents 1,458
Assistance to Mendicants/Vagrants 10
Summary of Existing Social Welfare Services
Socially disadvantage families are the main beneficiaries of family and

welfare services.
Several services are provided for the disabled and elderly like the Information
Dissemination and Disability Prevention, Self Social Enhancement Service for
Disabled Persons, Special Social Services for the Elderly and others.
Senior Citizen identification cards were issued to over 19,611 elderly persons.
The Citys Emergency Assistance Program provides relief, mitigation,

restoration and rehabilitation services to victims of natural and man-made
calamities and other social problems.
Social Welfare Sector Plan
Goal
To expand the delivery of social welfare services to protect and uplift the
socio-economic condition of the disadvantaged and vulnerable sector.
Objectives
To increase accessibility of social services and facilities to all particularly

relocated families.
To promote strong interpersonal relationship within and among families.
To enable the disadvantaged and disabled sectors of the population to
enhance their social functioning.
70
Targets
Provide/generate employment opportunities to local residents, especially the

disadvantaged to reduce and totally eliminate beggars and street children in
the community by the year 2002.
Expanded social services for the elderly to include establishment of a center
for the Senior Citizens.
Policies/Strategies
Fostering of stronger partnership between government organizations, NGOs,

and community based organizations.
Provision of a more comprehensive and community-based skills training and
development program.
Strengthening of the capabilities of social welfare personnel in the delivery of
services.
Establishment of social welfare facilities to cater to special groups particularly
the youth, pre-school children, elderly women and other individuals with
special needs.
Enhancement of parent effectiveness to attain self-reliance and achieve self-
management capabilities through marriage counseling, responsible
parenthood and various livelihood development services.
Intensification of information campaign on the family code, child and youth
welfare code, and other towns on womens and childrens rights.
Strict implementation of local ordinance which prohibits giving of alms to
beggars/street children.
71
City of Marikina
2000 to 2010
Implementing Agency : SWDO/Barangay
Family Community Welfare Program 2000 2010 Local Fund
Womens Welfare Program 2000 2010 - do -
Child and Youth Welfare Program 2000 2010 - do -
Program for Disabled Persons and 2000 2010 - do -

Elderly
Emergency Assistance Program 2000 2010 - do -
Barangay Talyer ( a community shop 2000 2010 Balgu

where barangay residents,
particularly the marginalized groups
and the youth are given access to
basic repair tools and equipment)
72
2.7.4 SOCIALIZED HOUSING
Existing Conditions
Marikina has developed 106 hectares of privately-owned lands made available

for the resettlement of almost 22,226 informal settlers under the Community
Mortgage Program (CMP). This has curbed the proliferation of informal settlers
(squatters) resulting from migration, increasing commercialization and
subsequent high land values and unaffordable housing units.
The number of squatter relocated families recorded a tolerable increase from 900
in 1998 to 2,136 families in 1999 based on the city government's estimates.
Table 61
Number of Informal Settlers
Marikina City
1999
List of Informal Settlers Household

I. Area for Priority Development (APD)
1.1 CMP (LGU Originated) 21,069
1.2 CMP (Other Agency) 1,157
1.3 Direct Purchase 425
1.4 Donated Land 198
Total 22,849
II. Government Land
2.1 Permanent Settlement Site 1,964
2.2 Under NHA 1,453
Total 3,417
III. For Relocation
3.1 Danger Zone 969
3.2 Infrastructure 555
3.3 Court Order 275
3.4 Urban Renewal 337
Total 2,136
Source : Marikina Settlement Office
There are six (6) identified high-density areas in the city of Marikina. Relocated
families are mostly found in Barangays Parang, Nangka, Concepcion I,
Malanday, Sto. Nio and Marikina Heights. In terms of barangay distribution, a
majority of these families are located in Barangays Concepcion I and Malanday.
73
Almost 100% of these high-density communities are provided with electricity.
Water systems were installed in about 178 of the 188 communities. Some 25%
of the inner roads and alleys were constructed. With the 1,432 remaining
families waiting to be relocated, the city of Marikina has approved several
ordinances to intensify its existing local settlements program. It is hoped that
with the city's best effort, its vision of making Marikina a squatter-free community
in Metro Manila will be realized by the year 2001.
Local Settlements Program
In line with the Marikinas vision of transforming Marikina into a squatter-free

community, the city launched the program "Walang Iskuwater sa Marikina".
To provide additional teeth to the implementation of the program, the city, thru the
City Council has enacted several resolutions and ordinances. They are as
follows:
Resolution giving the City Mayor the right to serve as originator of

community association on the CMP.
Resolution on On-Site Development Plan of the Sumulong Tanglaw ng
Malanday Phase II HOA".
Accessibility of electricity and water systems to high-density communities.
Conversion of Emergency Relocation Center from park lot to residential lot.
Launching of the program "Hindi Tahanan Kung Walang Kubeta".
Ordinance declaring Balubad Settlement Site in Nangka as Permanent
Relocation Site.
Provision of Tax incentives to lot owners who cooperated to the CMP.
Ordinance limiting lot owners on areas declared as resettlement site to 50
square meters.
Ordinance prohibiting the change of ownership or renting of lots awarded by
the city government to beneficiaries.
Ordinance giving individual Transfer Certificate of Title to awarded lots at
Fortune Village, Marikina Heights
Re-classification of Park 6 and 7 (government lot) at Marikina Heights as
permanent settlement site.
Free transfer Tax to beneficiaries of Marikina Resettlement Program under
the CMP.
Tax exemption on lands declared as "Area for Priority Development (APD).
74
In recognition to the effort of the City of Marikina in Local Settlements Program,
the city government has received several recognition and awards from
prestigious award giving bodies, to wit:
Bayani ng Maralita Award -- Philippine Commission on Urban Poor

Galing Pook Award for Innovations and Excellence (1997-1998) Squatters-
Free Program AIM, LGA/DILG and Ford Foundation
Most Outstanding City in Population Management in the Philippines
Squatters-Free Marikina Program -- Commission on Population - NCR
Summary of Existing Housing Conditions and Trends
Marikina City has developed 106 hectares of privately-owned lands made

available for the resettlement of almost 22,226 informal settlers under the
Community Mortgage Program.
The number of squatter relocated families recorded a tolerable increase from

900 in 1998 to 2,136 families in 1999 based on the city governments
estimates. Factors which have contributed to the increase were migration,
increasing commercialization, subsequent high land values and unaffordable
housing units.
Squatter relocated families are mostly found in Barangays Parang, Nangka,

Concepcion I, Malanday, Sto. Nio and Marikina Heights.
In line with the Marikinas vision of transforming Marikina into a squatter-free

community, the city launched the program Walang Iskwater sa Marikina. The
program has reaped several recognition and awards from prestigious award
giving bodies.
Housing Sector Plan
Goal
To make Marikina a squatter-free community.
Objectives
To provide squatter families opportunities to own lands and enjoy humane

living condition.
To remove pockets of squatter colonies all over town to allow redevelopment
of legitimate villages leading to a wholesome environment for all.
To improve existing blighted areas into better and self-reliant communities.
75
Targets
Relocation of the remaining 2,136 squatter families leading to the realization

of the citys vision of a squatter-free community.
Acquisition of land/development of new settlement sites within Marikina or in
the adjacent towns of San Mateo, Rodriguez and Antipolo Rizal.
Development of 80 playgrounds in the existing and future settlement areas.
Construction of 22 kms. of roadways and alleys and 52 kms. of drainage
facilities.
Accessibility to city water of all households by 2001.
100% of all households with city water connection by 2003.
100% of all households in relocation sites/high density areas have
individualized electric services through the Depressed Areas Electrification
Program.
Policies/Strategies
The new place where the squatter families would be relocated should be
better than their present community. It has to be:
Permanent (ownership of land)

In Marikina
With roads and drainage
With utilities
Mobilization of internal and external resources to implement and sustain the

program.
Development of settlement sites preferably within the boundaries of the city to
avoid displacement.
Beneficiaries of the program should be homeowners/structure owners and
should appear in the towns census and their houses included in the towns
mapping. Those who are renting houses may also qualify if their financial
status does not allow them to rent inside or outside Marikina. Also,
beneficiaries must not own land inside or outside Marikina and must have
resided in the city for at least five years.
Allotment of 24 square meters of lot per family/beneficiary.
Implementation of Community Mortgage Program (CMP) scheme via the
community association wherein resettled families shall pay a monthly
amortization of an affordable amount ranging from P200.00 to P300.00 for 25
years.
76
Relocation shall de done by colony and not by random. Demolition and
relocation shall be undertaken under the following situations:
If the squatters are living in danger zones such as riverbanks, creeks,

under the bridge and sloping areas.
If the squatters are occupying government properties needed for
infrastructure projects.
If the land already has a court order for demolition.
If the land in question is going to be affected by governments projects
intended for the good of the many.
Strict implementation of the anti-squatting law. This shall be done with the
support of the community organizations in the high-density communities and
make it as their moral obligation to the community in return for
accommodation extended to them.
Close monitoring of the status of program implementation jointly by the city,
NHA, HUDCC, DILG and PCUP.
New squatters are monitored and summary demolition is done once new
structures are built.
Implementation of the program strictly in accordance to plan.
Encourage the development of community organizations and their
institutionalization for participation in the whole process of settlement program
delivery and management.
77
City of Marikina
2000 to 2010
Implementing Agency : Marikina Settlement Office

Relocation/settlement program 2000 2002 Local Fund
On-site Development program 2000 2001 - do -
Squatter Prevention and Surveillance 2000 - do -

Program
Provision of infrastructure, utilities and 2000 2003 - do -

sports and recreational facilities in all
settlement sites.
Lupa para sa Katutubo (Reclamation 2000 2004 - do -

of low-lying areas along the riverbanks
outside of the 96-meter easement to be
reserved/allocated to the natives and old
residents of the city)
Gripo Bawat Bahay (access to city 2000 2002 - do -

water in relocation sites and high density
areas.
78
2.7.5 PROTECTIVE SERVICES
Existing Conditions
Crime Incidence
In 1999, there were a total of 620 crimes, 41.45% were index crimes or those
against property, person and chastity. The remaining 58.55% were non-index
crimes. (As shown in Table 62)
Table 62
Crime Statistics
Marikina City
1995 1999
Offense 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

Crimes vs. Person 147 56 88 98 95
Crimes vs. Property 105 112 110 120 145
Crimes vs. Chastity 18 18 12 15 17
Other Crimes 76 124 279 365 363
TOTAL 346 310 489 598 620
Source: Marikina Police Station
Police Protection
Police services in Marikina City is under the jurisdiction of the Eastern Police
District of the Philippine National Police. The city has 4 police sub-stations and a
central headquarter with a personnel complement of 232 law enforcers. The
ratio of police personnel to population is 1 policeman : 1,712 residents, which is
below the minimum standards of 1:1,000 and the standard of 1:500 required for a
highly urbanized city. With the present level of population of the city, the
corresponding number of police officers should be 794, thus, a deficit of 562 law
enforcers to attain the standard ratio of 1:500.
79
Table 63
Location of Police Station and Numbers of Members
Marikina City
1999
Station and Sub- Location Members

Stations
EPD Central Station Public Safety Central Station at the back of 146
Marikina City Hall, Sta. Elena
Sub-Station I Lapu-lapu St., Cor. Paraluman St., Parang 21
Sub-Station II Bayan-bayanan Ave., Concepcion I 25
Sub-Station III Public Safety Center, IVC 18
Sub-Station IV Cor. M.A. Roxas & J. Abad Santos, San 22
Roque
TOTAL 232
Source : Marikina Police Station
Note : Ineffective - 21
Non-uniform - 9
Table 64
Equipment/Facilities of the Marikina Police Station
Marikina City
1999
Equipment/Facility Number
1. Patrol Vehicles 22
2. Mobile Cars 36
3. Motorcycles 18
4. Armaments (long & short) 291
5. Handheld/Mobile Radios 26
Source: Marikina Police Station
Table 65 below reflects 1999 Peace and Order situation in the city which is
relatively remains normal. This can be attributed to the following facts: firstly, the
deployment of more personnel in the field by reducing its personnel at the office
headquarters in consonance with the police visibility program, secondly,
employment of OPSS traffic enforcers, and thirdly, through the citys 5-Minute
Quick Response Team, wherein police assistance is being rendered within five
minutes or less upon receipt of the call.
80
Table 65
Crime Incidence
Marikina City
1999
Offense Committed January December 1999

Murder 9
Homicide 21
Physical Injuries 65
Rape 17
Robbery 70
Theft 71
Violation of R.A. 6425 (Anti-Illegal Drugs) 192
Violation of R.A. 1602 (Anti-Gambling) 69
Violation of P.D. 1866 (Anti-Deadly Weapons) 17
Carnapping 4
Other Crimes 85
Total Index Crimes 257
Total Non-Index Crime 363
Total Crime Volume 620
Crime Solution Efficiency Rate 98%
Total Crime Solved 607
Total Crime Unsolved 13
Average Monthly Index Crime Rate 21
Average Monthly Crime Rate 52
Source : Marikina Police Station
Aside from the national police organization, the city has also put in place
RESCUE 161 which guarantees the arrival of emergency services (fire, police or
paramedics) within 5 minutes upon call for assistance anywhere in Marikina. To
make the program work, the city has established a Public Safety Command
Center at the back of the city hall and two (2) strategically located satellite
stations. Equipment and operatives of all units involved in the program:
RESCUE 161 (Paramedics), Police, Fire and Office of the Public Safety and
Security (OPSS) are housed in these centers.
Other safekeeping forces in the city include the Office of Public Safety and
Security (OPSS) which has 193 personnel and Bantay Bayan which counts on a
strong membership of 2,000 civilian volunteers. The OPSS assists in traffic
management in minor and major intersections, keeping roadways and sidewalks
hassle-free and securing public buildings/offices. Traffic wardens of the OPSS
are responsible in implementing the no-parking zones in designated areas,
facilitating vehicle flow and providing security to parked vehicles in designated
parking areas. The Bantay-Bayan is a joint effort between the city government
and the barangay sector to help maintain peace and order in the barangays.
81
Fire Incidence and Protection
The Marikina Fire Department Central Stations holds office at the Public Safety
Central Station located at the back of the Marikina City Hall Building with 5 fire
sub-stations. Each sub-station is equipped with at least one (1) fire truck, aerial
ladder and water tanker. The BFP Central Station has 2 ambulances to attend to
casualties in case of fire. The fire fighting force is 73 to augment the fire-fighting
force, the Fire Department taps volunteer fire brigades from the business sector
and Fil-Chinese Fire Brigade. The city government has made available three (3)
water tankers which provide assistance to local Fire Department during its
operation.
Table 66
Location of Fire Station/Sub-Station
Marikina City
1999
Station Location
1. Central Fire Station Jacamar St., Sta. Elena
2. Taong Sub-Station Gil Puyat St., Taong
3. Malanday Sub-Station Visayas St., Malanday
4. Parang Sub-station B.G. Molina St., Parang
5. Nangka Sub-station Balimbing St., Nangka
6. Industrial Valley Complex Major Dizon St., Indl. Valley
Source : Marikina Fire Department
Table 67
Fire Incidence by Nature/Classification, Number of Casualties
and Amount of Damage
Marikina City
1995 1999
Classification 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

1.Structural Fire 30 23 26 28 22
2.Electrical Fire 79 71 44 91 122
3.Chemical Fire 1 0 0 0 1
4.Rubbish/Grass Fire 71 50 95 126 21
5.Vehicular Fire 6 2 5 10 5
Casualties 5 0 6 1 1
Damage (million) 2.2 23.1 5.2 23.2 19.8
Source : Marikina Fire Department
82
As reflected in Table 67 above, fire occurrences in 1999 numbered 171, majority
of which were electrical fire in nature. The total amount of fire damages was
estimated at Php 19.8 M with only 1 casualty.
Determination of Future Needs
Based on the standard policeman and fireman to population ratios, it is estimated

that an additional 830 policemen and 989 firemen will be required by 2010.
Table 68
Projected Police Requirements
Marikina City
2005 and 2010
Projected Std. Police Current Police Force Additional

YEAR Population Pop'n. Ratio Force Requirement Requirement
2005 465,380 1:500 232 931 699
2010 531,165 1:500 232 1,062 830
Table 69
Projected Fire Fighting Force Requirements
Marikina City
2005 and 2010
Projected Std. Fireman Current Fireman Additional

Year Population Pop'n. Ratio Firefighting Force Requirement
Force Requirement
2005 465,380 1:500 73 931 858
2010 531,165 1:500 73 1,062 989
Summary of Existing Protective Services
About 41% of crimes committed in the city are index crimes, (against property,
person and chastity) while the remaining percentages are primarily non-index
crimes, most of which were related to anti-illegal drugs.
The city has 5 police stations with an actual strength of 232. Based on the 1999
estimated population, the policemen to population ratio is 1 policeman : 1,712
residents which is below the standard of 1:500 required for a highly urbanized
city.
83
Marikina City has Rescue 161 which guarantees the arrival of emergency
services (police, fire and Paramedics) within 5 minutes upon your call for
assistance.
Other safekeeping forces in the city include the Office of Public Safety and
Security (OPSS) and the Bantay Bayan Volunteers.
The city has 6 fire stations including the central fire station. The fireman :
population ratio is 1:5,439 which is far below the standard of 1:500. To augment
the fire fighting force, the Fire Department taps volunteer fire brigades from the
business sector, Filipino-Chinese Fire Brigade and city government
organizations. The city government has made available three(3) water tankers to
provide assistance to the local Fire Department during its operation.
By 2010, the additional Policeman and fireman requirements is estimated to be

830 and 989 respectively based on the 1:500 standard ratio.
84
Protective Services Sector Plan
Goal
To make Marikina the most peaceful community in the Philippines.
Objectives
To promote and sustain discipline in the streets.

To further improve police emergency response time.
To make Marikina drug-free community.
To foster police and civilian relations.
To maintain and further improve crime solution efficiency rate of 97%
Targets
Marikina : most peaceful/livable community in the Philippines by the year

2001.
Reduce crime rate from 42% to 10% by 2003.
Reduction by 100% of drug-dependent youth by year 2003.
Total containment of illegal drug trading activities by the year 2001.
Elimination of scalawags from the ranks of the local PNP.
Policies/Strategies
Provision of necessary and adequate logistical support to the local PNP by

the local government.
Strong partnership between the local PNP, local government, barangay
governments and the community in general.
Continuing and intensified community dialogues.
Provision of appropriate recognition to outstanding peace-keeping personnel.
Strengthening of the barangay justice system.
Regular updating of contingency plans and disaster management programs.
Strict enforcement of existing laws and ordinances related to peace and
order.
Active participation of such special bodies as the Peoples Law Enforcement
Board (PLEB) and Peace and Order Council.
Promotion of community participation in crime solving, particularly the Bantay
Bayan (peace-keeping civilian volunteers)
85
City of Marikina
2000 to 2010
Implementing Agency : OPSS/PNP/Vice-Mayors Office/Engineering
Organization of Industrial Security 2000 2010 Local Fund

Assistance Group for surveillance
and intelligence networking in
coordination with the management of
business establishments, Workers
Affairs Office and Office of the Public
Safety and Security (OPSS).
Institutionalization of POLICE 161 2000 2010 - do -

which shall form part of the citys
5-Minute Quick Response Time.
Drug Quarantine Program 2000 2005 - do -
Operation of a Holding Center for 2000 2010 - do -

drug dependents.
Dragnet Operation 2000 2010 - do -
Police chief in every barangay. 2000 2010 - do -
Development of New City Jail and 2000 2001 - do -

New Justice Hall.
Marikina Criminal Follow-up unit (a 2000 2010 - do -

unit which will engage in hot pursuit
of criminals wherever they may flee
in the country)
86
PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
GOALS, OBJECTIVES
AND STRATEGIES
87
3.1 OVERALL DEVELOPMENT, VISION, GOALS AND STRATEGIES
The physical development goals, objectives and corresponding land use

strategies of Marikina City are inspired by the overall vision and guided by the
development, goals and strategies of the city, to wit:
VISION : MARIKINA An Industry and Government-Friendly,

Happy Working Class Community
The vision of the city is so simple and practical. Simply put, it does not aspire to
transform itself into a first class residential area in the mold of Ayala-Alabang or
Forbes Park. Marikina is so designed to suit the working class - - qualified as a
happy working class. Nothing in excess of that vision. To have a grandiose
vision will only get you to have some pockets of good things while leaving the
rest of the community in disarray.
3.1.1 Goals
1. Employment opportunities are readily available for the residents within

the city.
2. Infrastructures and facilities are fully developed and well-maintained to
the standards of serviceability to facilitate efficient mobility of people, goods
and services. Services include motorized and non-motorized transport.
3. Sidewalks are cleared of all obstructions, paved (walkable) and maintained.
4. Streets are kept hassle-free.
5. Industrial peace characterized by harmonious relationship among labor,
management and local government under a tripartite agreement.
6. Environment is consciously protected not only thru government efforts but
also thru peoples collaboration.
7. Residents practice urbanized behavioral pattern and foster community values
of discipline, good taste and excellence.
8. Residents exhibit civic pride and strong sense of community.
9. Cultural heritage is acknowledged and given due importance.
10. Squatter-Free Marikina each household is a real property holder or a
legitimate leaseholder.
11. Public education is free (absolutely no contribution) as guaranteed by the
constitution and available to all residents.
12. Free Health Care/Services are provided as additional safety net for the poor.
13. The community is clean, green and orderly in and out, all-over.
14. Regulations on sanitation and hygiene are strictly enforced to protect the
health of the citizenry, especially in such areas as the public market and high-
density communities.
15. Public funds are efficiently collected and utilized.
16. Every household enjoys individualized electric services and has access to city
water and other utilities.
17. Public services are rendered efficiently and with consistency.
88
18. Emergency services are instantly available when needed.
19. Retention of a rural atmosphere/way of life in an urban setting.
20. Highly competent, disciplined and working bureaucracy.
21. Local shoe industry is effectively reinforced to make it globally competitive.
22. Development of a network of bike lanes to provide the people, particularly the
workers, an environment-friendly mode of transportation.
23. Mendicant attitude is not tolerated.
24. There is pronounced peace and order characterized by a marked
improvement in social range of people, minimized incidents of crime,
industrial peace, among others.
25. Amenities for entertainment, sports, recreation, leisure and the like are
provided and are easily available to all.
26. Introduction of innovative health-care related programs to include Dust-Free
Marikina and Clean Food Program (Food Laboratory) to reinforce the citys
healthy city initiatives.
27. Activity Centers in every barangay fully equipped with necessary facilities.
28. Industries are provided security assistance by the local government to
preserve jobs and attract new investors.
3.1.3. Strategies
The foregoing goals shall be pursued according to the following strategies:
Sustain economic growth by promoting Marikina as a viable business venue

to enhance employment and income generation.
Expand the delivery of basic services reflective of a balanced and rational
utilization of resources that are responsive to the needs of majority of the
constituents.
Increased accessibility of social services to the disadvantaged sectors.
Maintain ecological balance and environmental health through rational land
use allocation and utilization to attain maximum benefits for the people.
Promote an efficient and responsive local administration to foster strong
institutional support and a coordinated and cost-effective implementation
measures.
89
3.2 PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT GOAL/OBJECTIVE
Physical Development Goal
Marikinas physical development goal is to manage the growth of the city such
that the resulting built-up environment, including type, extent and location of land
use activities:
Maintenance of a rural environment in an urban setting.

Enhancement of economic productivity, social and physical integration,
access to basic services, regional access and local circulation.
Creation of a balanced and orderly urban environment.
Integration of the community with the environment.
Physical Development Objective
The specific objective of the physical development goal is to create a physical

environment that will provide:
An urban landscape which is clean, green and orderly.

The existing and future housing, business, commercial, recreational and
other space requirements of the city.
Infrastructure, utilities and services to meet present requirements and to
facilitate future growth.
Transportation and communication facilities and necessary management
systems to allow local and external linkages between producers/service
providers and markets and to enhance overall local integration.
A land use pattern that promotes environmental protection and
preservation and disaster mitigation.
Land Use Strategies
Given the limited land resources of the city, land development plan shall be
based on the following:
a. Concentration of development in designated areas:
Industry (Industrial Zone)

Commercial, Business and Financial District
Socialized Housing/Settlement Sites
Market Zones, Public Parking Areas and other basic necessities
River Park and other Recreational Centers
90
b. Recovery of public properties like river easements, streets, sidewalks and
right-of-ways; and acquisition of private lands to connect major roads and
develop alternate routes to decongest traffic.
c. Strict enforcement of the national Building Code.
d. Development of non-motorized transport/network of bikelanes to enhance
internal circulation.
e. Construction of multi-storey school buildings/institutional facilities.
The foregoing images are actually end-state scenarios that may well serve as
long-term goals for the social, economic and physical development of the city.
Some of which will be restated in proper form in the appropriate sectors where
they belong in the Comprehensive Development Plan.
91
PHYSICAL FRAMEWORK/
CONCEPTUAL PLANS
92
The following conceptual plans provide the structure of the Land Use Plan.
These plans integrate the land use strategies into a physical framework,
indicating approximate areas of and spatial relationships among the different land
uses and providing a sketch of how the Land Use Plan would look like.
Four (4) basic conceptual plans are presented: Conceptual Land Use Plan,
Conceptual Density Plan, Conceptual Transportation Network and
Conceptual Green Plan.
The Conceptual Land Use Plan indicates the core areas of Marikina City:
a. The Socialized Housing Sector located in the different parts of the city
which contains the highest densities.
b. The Special Economic Zone which offers a viable venue for new industrial
locators.
c. The Central Business District (Business, Food and Finance Triangle)
which is the fulcrum of business and other commercial activities.
d. The Cultural and Heritage Zone which is the show window of Marikinas
historic and cultural landscapes.
e. The old town anchored by the local government center and market zone.
SOCIALIZED HOUSING
The city shall strive to fully realize its vision of a squatter-free community.
Already, the city has developed 106 has. of in-city settlement sites where about
8,000 squatter families have been relocated. Several areas for Priority
development (APD) zones were tap and develop for the relocation of this
informal settlers. New relocation sites shall be explored and developed to
accommodate the remaining 1,800 or so squatter families. But since the city has
already run-out of space for such purposes, exploring in the adjacent towns of
San Mateo, Rodriguez and Antipolo, Rizal shall be pursued.
Under no circumstances shall the city allow the resurgence of squatter colonies
in such areas as government lots, riverbanks, creeks, road right-of-ways and
road lots and public open spaces which have already been cleared of squatters.
Likewise, influx of new settlers in the existing settlement sites shall be contained
to prevent the deterioration of these areas into depressed communities.
93
LUPA PARA SA KATUTUBO
Equity requires that we do to the natives and old residents what we have done
for the new residents mostly squatter families. For lack of means, many natives
had been forced to stay in their parents homes or ancestral lots resulting in
overcrowding.
Native and old residents can look forward to owning lots away from their crowded
ancestral homes. The city shall reclaim low-lying areas for priority development
along the riverbanks outside of the 96 meter easement, specifically in Doa
Petra, Concepcion Uno.
The project is now in the planning stage. Approximately 11 has. of land shall be
reclaimed/reserved for this purpose.
Some 5,000 families will stand to benefit from this project. It shall cap the citys
human settlements program.
MARIKINA SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONE
The city shall pursue the revival of its industrial zone in Barangay Parang and
parts of Barangay Marikina Heights where industries may relocate.
In this connection, development plans for Marikina shall center on Parang and
Marikina Heights as the citys industrial zone. All roads shall lead to Parang and
Marikina Heights. From there, the city' new found wealth shall filter down to the
other areas of the city, thereby, raising the standard of people and their
environment.
CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT (BUSINESS, FOOD AND FINANCE

TRIANGLE)
One of the centerpiece of the comprehensive land use plan is the continuing
development and strengthening of Marikinas Central Business District dubbed
as Business, Food and Finance Triangle.
It is named triangle because it is one such area where Marikina City, Pasig City
and Quezon City meet. The center is strategically located being accessible to two
major thoroughfares - - A. Bonifacio Avenue and Marcos Highway and close
enough to the eastern towns of San Mateo, Rodriguez (formerly Montalban),
Antipolo and Cainta. Residents of these nearby areas pass through the center to
get to the heart of the metropolis. It sits on 30 hectare land, formerly occupied by
Universal Textile Mills (UTEX), and Noahs Paper Mills located on both the east
and west banks of the Marikina River. The center is a new concept in commercial
center development which integrates intelligent business, residential, shopping
and leisure facilities with the natural setting by the river.
94
While the center is basically a private initiative necessary support infrastructures
and facilities around it shall be provided to include the road linking the center to
Libis, Quezon City, C-5 By-Pass and Marcos Highway Interchange and
installation of streetlights and other street furnitures. This is necessary to create
an enabling environment for the complex to flourish as envisioned.
CULTURAL AND HERITAGE ZONE
The city shall pursue the establishment of its cultural reawakening program
through the establishment of Cultural and Heritage Zone. The coverage of the
cultural and heritage zone is described as follows:
Starting at a point in the Marikina River Bank at Bgy. San Roque near the
end of Calle Diguangco, then move eastward along the north side of Anna
Tuazon St., then turn southward until it intersect with I. Mendoza St., then
turn eastward along the northern side of I. Mendoza St., then southward
to one-lot deep parallel to J.P. Rizal St., and eastward along one lot deep
parallel to I. Mendoza St. until it intersects F. Paz St., at the line of fence
wall of the Marikina Elementary School, then turn northward along the
fence wall of Marikina Elementary School, then turn westward at one lot
deep from Dancel St., from Kapt. Moy St., run along the perimeter wall of
the Roman Catholic Cemetery then turn northward along the west side of
M. Cruz St., turn at the second lot westward to one lot deep from Dancel
St., and turn northward along one lot deep from east side of Catalino Cruz
St., until it intersect the corner of Zapatero St., and J.P. Rizal St., and turn
westward at the corner of J.P. Rizal St. and Zapatero St. at the south side
of Zapatero St. until the river bank and cross the Marikina River until it
meets the end of Malvar St. at Bgy. Jesus de la Pea at its southside and
run westward until it intersect the one lot deep prolongation from Zamora
St. and run northward along this one-lot deep of Zamora St., until it
intersects the southside of Lazaro St. and run eastward along the
southside of Lazaro alley until the riverbank, cross the Marikina River and
end at the river bank at Bgy. Sto. Nio.
Already in place are the Sentrong Pangkultura ng Marikina and Shoe Museum.
The city has converted the historic two-century old Kapitan Moy building into a
cultural center to serve as venue of various activities showcasing Filipino tradition
in music, visual arts, literature and the like. The Shoe Museum (a former rice
mill), on the other hand, the first and only one in the country and one of the very
few in the world, will soon open its doors to the public shoes of known
personalities including a collection belonging to Former First Lady Imelda
Marcos, shoes of former presidents and their ladies will be put on display.
As the city moves towards industrialization, there remains a deliberate effort to

hold on to the old Marikina and its valued heritage and cultural treasures
which epitomize old traditions and the towns path to the present. Along this line
95
spanish/colonial architectural designs shall be encouraged to be preserved or
established within this area.
A local ordinance shall be enacted in the future which shall prohibit demolition of
old and historic structures within the cultural and heritage zone without prior
clearance from concerned agency of the city government.
PUBLIC MARKET ZONE
This area is bounded by Sumulong Highway on the north, J.P. Rizal St. on the
west, Shoe Avenue on the east and F. Paz St. on the south. This area which
covers about 9.47 has. and shall be reserved for commercial development. As
such, no residential structures shall be allowed to be built in this area while the
existing ones shall be given a phase-out period of five (5) years.
The Conceptual Density Plan indicates density levels throughout Marikina City.
The three nodes represent density peaks in their respective parts of the city.
Density controls is one of the most fundamental and effective tools in managing
urban growth. Together with land use, density directly affects the type and
amount of infrastructure and other service requirements of the city. Density
controls can help in managing growth in high or near-congested areas,
preventing further over concentration of land uses.
Defining density limits will also allow the planning of infrastructure and other
projects needed to address service and utility gaps.
In the land use plan, density control are established according to the following
guidelines:
The entire city is subject to some form of density control.

Density controls shall be particularly applied to residential areas to curb over
concentration. Through appropriate legislation, the minimum measurement of
lots to be re-subdivided would be set at 100 square meters except in
socialized housing areas where the minimum lot area is pegged at 24 square
meters.
The Conceptual Transportation Network shows the major road/transportation

routes. The road network is oriented in such a way that would spread out
vehicular trips to serve as many constituents and ease traffic in major
thoroughfares.
The citys transportation and traffic requirements have to be addressed at two

levels: regional access and local circulation. In order to maintain the citys
viability as an alternative location for business and commercial activities, it has to
remain accessible at the regional level. Employees, entrepreneurs, managers,
96
visitors and the like need reliable means of transportation going to and out of
Marikina just as residents need to access other parts of Metro Manila.
To improve regional access and internal circulation, key road linkages and
projects need to be in place. The Kabayani road network that shall stretch from
Nangka to Sto. Nio shall serve as an alternative road to the main street. This
shall enable motorists to travel the distance without passing the main street: J.P.
Rizal. This shall also help reduce the number of remaining pockets of isolated
areas in the city. Developing access roads in the western section of the city,
particularly in Barangays Barangka, Taong and J. de la Pea are deemed
crucial due to severe traffic congestion along A. Bonifacio Avenue and Marcos
Highway. Extending Don Gonzalo Puyat Avenue and connecting the same to
Puerto Rico St. in Loyola Grand Villas Subdivision shall provide a more viable
access road.
There shall also be constructed a perimeter road from Homeowners Drive in

Bgy. Sto. Nio to Tumana in Bgy. Concepcion Uno. This shall be a road network
closest to the river which shall serve as a patrol road wherein no private
structures shall be allowed to be built. A three (3) kilometer or so arterial road
from Lilac St. in Concepcion Dos to Marcos Highway passing through the
reclaimed public property along Balanti Creek and portions of New Marikina,
Mountain View and Midtown Subdivisions in Barangays Sta. Elena and San
Roque shall be constructed.
All these shall be completed by the Metro Manila Urban Transportation Integrated
Project (MMUTRIP) which includes the construction of another bridge across the
Marikina River that will connect C-5 or the Katipunan Road in Quezon City to
Marcos Highway via FVR Road in Sitio Olandes, Bgy. Industrial Valley; widen
and widening/improvement of Marcos Bridge to Masinag Market in Antipolo City;
extension of Light Railway Transit (LRT-2) with its Marikina Terminal to be located
at the eastern foot of Marcos Bridge in sitio Tayug, Bgy Kalumpang; and
construction of all weather Tumana bridge which links the
northern portion of the city to Katipunan Extension in Quezon City. The
completion of the foregoing projects will greatly improve efficiency in internal
circulation and will herald the beginning of development activities unprecedented
in Marikina history.
To further enhance local circulation other activities shall be pursued such as

bringing roads to proper standards, keeping the streets and sidewalks hassle-
free, putting-up necessary infrastructure facilities to include installation of traffic
signals in at least 30 major intersections, rationalizing inter-connections and
development of some 96 kms. of bikelanes which shall connect schools,
government offices, markets and some factories. The Marikina Bicycle
Network (the first in the Philippines) is to be financed by the Global
Environment Facility (GEF) to the tune of $1.7 million. It is estimated that in
due time about 25 percent of local workers will move around the city on bicycles.
97
A strategic and practical approach is to allow but control future growth (through
area-specific density controls and land use limitations) while providing the
necessary increases in infrastructure and service capacities. The objective
would be to allow growth up to the extent where the citys competitive advantage
vis--vis alternative locations in Metro Manila would not be spoiled, while the city
endeavors to build-up such capacities to support existing as well as future
requirements.
The Conceptual Green Plan shows the location of green elements to include
the Marikina River Park, pocket parks, green spaces and other strategically-
located areas to be developed into peoples parks.
The city will ride on the momentum it has set in terms of saving and rehabilitating
the 220 ha. Marikina River and its transformation into a sports and recreational
park. Development of new and expansion of the existing amenities shall be
undertaken to include jogging lane on both sides of the river, picnic/camping
grounds, park, benches, among others. To do this, the city shall continue the
reclamation of lands within the rivers 96 meter easements and secure those
areas already liberated from pockets of squatter colonies.
The existing Marikina River Park shall be a major element of the citys clean and
green plan. It shall continue to be a unique location that offers opportunity to
integrate open and green spaces with active recreational and commercial land
uses.
The Marikina River Park shall be reinforced by the development of other pocket
parks and green spaces across the city and the continuing implementation of the
Puno Kahit Saan Program. Strategically located parcels of land (public, open
spaces, vacant areas, etc.) shall be developed into Peoples Parks. Already the
city has developed 150 parks since the inception of the program. This project
shall have the following as its major components: ground leveling, landscaping,
tree planting, grass planting and bougainvillea gazebo.
Community support and collaboration with the Citys Parks Development Office in
managing and maintaining these pocket parks/green spaces shall be considered.
SPECIAL DEVELOPMENT AREAS
The Land Use Plan identifies special development areas that, because of their
unique activities or location and impact to the socio-economic life of the
community, can be covered and guided by more detailed development plans:
The Marikina Industrial Zone which offers a viable venue for new locators.
The Marikina Riverfront Development Area which includes residential, sports
recreational and commercial uses.
98
The Business, Food and Commercial Triangle (Marikinas Central Business
District) which shall be the fulcrum of business and other commercial
activities in the city.
The Cultural and Heritage Zone which shall serve as a show-window of
Marikinas historic and cultural establishments.
The green spaces/pocket parks that shall have a district landscaping
treatment to serve as an integrating element of the city.
Marikina Bicycle Network
99
LAND USE PLAN
100
The proposed Land Use Plan is a detailed translation of the Physical
framework/conceptual Plans. The resulting land use distribution is summarized
and compared to the corresponding distribution of the 1981 Zoning Ordinance in
the Table below
In the 1981 Zoning Ordinance, residential areas constitute the single largest land
use in the city accounting for 51.33% of its total land area. The large drop in
residential land area was due to the increased demand for commercial and
industrial areas and development of new/additional roads. Industrial areas come
in second (12.87%). Area for Priority Development rank third at 8.33%. Roads
rank next which have almost doubled in 2000 as opposed to 1981. This can be
attributed to the opening and/or development of new roads particularly in
socialized housing areas. Designated agricultural areas were converted into
socialized housing and partly into recreational uses.
Table 70
Proposed Land Use
Marikina City
1981-2010
1981 MMDA 1999 Existing 2010 Proposed

LAND USE Zoning Ordinance Land Use Land Use 2010 - 1999
AREA % AREA % AREA % AREA %
Residential 1,103.61 51.33 813.06 37.82 801.45 37.28 -11.61 -1.43
Commercial 94.51 4.40 132.82 6.17 243.81 11.34 110.99 83.56
Industrial 276.64 12.87 280.57 13.05 295.65 13.75 15.08 5.37
Mixed Use Zone 155.22 7.22 155.22 7.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Institutional 65.91 3.06 72.60 3.38 95.23 4.43 22.63 31.17
Open Space/Park 86.25 4.01 61.91 2.88 50.08 2.33 -11.83 -19.11
APD 179.02 8.33 179.02 8.33 179.02 8.33 0.00 0.00
Socialized Housing 0.00 0.00 40.96 1.90 41.28 1.92 0.32 0.78
Cemeteries 1.80 0.08 37.89 1.76 37.89 1.76 0.00 0.00
Cultural Heritage 0.00 0.00 0.25 0.01 0.25 .01 0.00 0.00
Agricultural 8.50 0.40 1.90 0.09 1.90 .09 0.00 0.00
Roads 178.54 8.30 373.80 17.39 403.44 18.76 29.64 7.93
TOTAL 2,150.00 100.00 2,150.00 100.00 2,150.00 100.00
Source : Municipality of Marikina Maps, MMDA Zoning Ordinance 81-01
101
As mentioned in the Proposed Zoning Ordinance, a key feature of the plan is the
application of density limits in lot area in the citys residential areas, townhouses
and socialized housing. Residential houses in the existing/approved subdivisions
can no longer be further subdivided where the lot size would be less than 100 sq.
meters. A minimum of 100 sq. meters is set for a townhouse unit and 24 sq.
meters for a dwelling unit in the citys socialized housing areas. These density
limits are aimed at preventing the deterioration of the aforementioned areas into
depressed communities and, thereby, preserve the citys livability.
LAND USE TRENDS
Residential uses shall remain to be the dominant land use in the next ten (10)
years. Industrial and commercial uses, however, are expected to gain ground in
the light of the citys spirited efforts at promoting Marikina as a viable venue for
industrial and business locators. The commercial land use, in particular, shall
benefit a great deal from the conversion of the public market zone and other
residential areas into commercial zones. This trend shall receive an added boost
from the major infrastructure projects which are programmed for implementation
to include the MMUTRIP (which components are discussed lengthily in the early
pages), construction of an all-weather bridge in Tumana, Concepcion I and
construction of 96 kms. bicycle network.) All these projects when completed
shall position Marikina among the ranks of preferred industrial and commercial
locations in the metropolis. Another major contributory to the development of this
trend is the local shoe industry which is expected to remain prominent in the
years to come.
Roads shall constitute a remarkable portion of the land use but it is expected that
at certain point in the future they shall somewhat taper-off when most of the road
projects on the pipeline have already been completed (including the bikeways).
Secondly, since the city is already running-out of spaces to be developed into
settlement sites the phase of construction of new roads shall considerably slow
down. In other words, construction of new roads had already reached its peak
during the last seven (7) years.
Housing projects in the city are projected to increase a little bit in several areas
for priority development( APD) with the launching of the LUPA SA KATUTUBO
PROGRAM which shall make available about eleven (11) hectares or so of
reclaimed lands for the natives/old residents of Marikina. The increase, however,
would not be as aggressive as in the last seven (7) years.
All told, we foresee a good balance in land uses among residential, industrial and
commercial as it is the kind of scenario that the city would be pursuing in the next
ten (10) years.
102
COMMERCIAL AREA
Change in land use of certain existing subdivisions (or portion thereof) to

commercial is inevitable as in the case of Provident Village. In the case of
Provident Village, there is an emerging pattern of commercialization in the area
particularly along its main road and it is expected to cascade down to its tip over
time. In fact, that area is projected to become as such in a span of five years in
the light of the present wave of commercialization obtaining therein and
considering its viability for such use.
The conversion of the public market zone into full commercial area is similarly
inescapable. There remain only a small number of residential structures in the
area as many (which used to be residential before) have found the economic
soundness of converting their structures, specially their ground floor, to
commercial use.
103

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1

Marikina became a highly urbanized city on December 8, 1996 following a special

Marikina City which is mandated to serve as a general-purpose government for the

2.1.1 Historical Growth of Population

Year Population Absolute Average Annual

2.1.2 Marikinas Population Levels and Growth Rates

Concepcion I, Parang and Malanday are the largest barangays in terms of

Barangay Population Population Popn 95 Ave. Annual Population

Source : National Statistics Office (NSO)

2.1.3 Population Levels and Growth Rates : Metropolitan Context

Marikina has a 1995 residential population density of 16,615 persons/sq. km.

City/Municipality Population Density Growth

Metro Manila is characterised by rapid population growth which is due to the

Barangay Household Population HH Size

2.1.6 Population by Age Structure and Sex

Marikina basically has a young population with the majority belonging to

Age Group Male Female Both Sex

2.1.7 Age Dependency Ratio

2.1.9 Estimated Population by Barangay

2.1.11 Summary of Population Characteristics and Trends

Majority of Marikinas resident population is in peripheral barangays. Future

2.2.1 Land Area

Barangay Land Area (has) % Share

Marikina Valley Fault System

The MVFS, first recognized by Alvir (1929), consists of two northeast-trending

Waterways and Drainage Divides

Rivers/Creeks/Canal Location Length

1990 1999 1999-1990

2.2.4 Land Use Trends

Increasing commercial uses. While residential land uses predominate in the

Decrease of agricultural lands. Lands classified for agricultural uses in the

Increasing recreational spaces. While open spaces have decreased,

Increasing densities. Densities have been increasing throughout the city,

Major land use (excluding roads) distribution characteristics of Marikina City in

Barangays Concepcion II, Nangka, Parang, and Concepcion I have the

Barangay Parang (69.79%) where Fortune Tobacco Corporation, Arms

Barangay Marikina Heights (25.83%) where St. Scholastica Academy and

Barangka (19.51%) account for nearly one-fifth of the citys Parks/Open

Parks /Open Mixed

Item 1995 1997

No. of Business Share of Total No. of

Marikina has a moderate number of business establishments. Business

Sector Business Establishments Per 1,000

The business density ratio of manufacturing firms decreased from 2.95%

In 1991, Marikina had a total income of P94,373,734. By 1997, total income

Year IRA NON-IRA TOTAL

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

Item 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

2.3.4 Marikina Economic Zone

2.3.5 Summary of Existing Economic Conditions and Trends

The continued growth of Marikina City shall also be contingent on improving

To attain high and sustained economic growth.

To make local shoe industry globally competitive.

Sustained industrial peace characterized by moratorium on labor strikes

Enhancement of skills and mechanization of the local shoe industry.

Implementing Agency : City Trade and Industry Office

Tax incentive program. 2000 2010 - do -

International promotional and information 2000 2010 - do -

Product quality control and improvement 2000 2010 - do -

Product standard development program. 2000 2005 - do -

Promotion on Sapatos sa Marikina hindi 2000 2010 - do -

Establishment and promotion of the 2000 2010 - do -

Product quality and improvement 2000 2010 - do -