Natural Remedy: Garlic for the Prevention of Respiratory Disease in Native Chicken

F.L. Bomes, I.L.D. Jayme and K.J.L. Iyoy, 2014-2016

MLBC,Mahayag,Zambaonga del Sur

ABSTRACT

This study was designed to determine the preventive power of garlic on the respiratory

diseases in native chicken. Five treatments were used to study the response of native chicken to

varying levels of chopped garlic supplementation through feeding trial. The study was laid out

in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The criteria of response include body weight

gain, feed consumption, feed efficiency, return on capital and mortality.

Among the treatments used, Treatment 1 supplementing 1g of chopped garlic per kg body weight

showed the most effective in preventing respiratory diseases in native chicken. It showed fewer

occurrences of respiratory diseases with no mortality rate compared to other treatments. It also

obtained the best performance in terms of producing biggest live weight for five (5) months,

better feed conversion ratio and biggest return on capital. On the other hand, sensory evaluation

result showed that 42% of the randomly selected people prefer roasted native chickens in

treatment 5 which were supplemented with commercial biologics. It somehow implied that

people nowadays are already exposed to foods that are injected with different biologics. Based

on abovementioned findings, garlic supplementation to native chicken revealed the

improvement of their health status especially in their respiratory system.

Farming System Development Using Palayamanan Model in Rain Fed Lowland Rice Ecosystem

R.T. Baltonado and P.C. Jover, 2013-2016

BRS, Betinan, San Miguel, Zamboanga del Sur

Abstract

In CY 2013-2015, the Palayamanan technology of integrating ducks, fish,

goats and assorted vegetables with rice under rainfed lowland condition were
tested in three different sites in region IX. These were; in Barangay Mandih of
Sindangan, Zamboanga del Norte, Barangay Navalan of Tukuran municipality and
Poblacion Guipos, both in Zamboanga del Sur province. This is to showcase
appropriate allocation and utilization of available farm resources to achieve
better profitability and sustainability in rainfed rice based farming.

Results obtained in a three years data revealed that the Palayamanan

System generally obtained higher net returns with a total annual income which
ranges from Php 122,490.00 to Php136,064.00 per hectare when all the
introduced commodities became productive (Table 1,2 & 3, CY 2014). Although
lesser yield of rice were realized in the system due to lesser area being utilized
but it was highly compensated with the income derived from the common
farmers choice crops such as watermelon and other assorted vegetables like
squash, stringbeans and eggplant which contributed much to raise the total
annual income in most demo sites.

Generally, further observation shows that integrating vegetables

contributed a lot not only in raising farmers income but also on the utilization of
fresh home grown crops for healthy diet among family members.
Application of Vermi Tea to Control Rubber Brown Bast

R.O. Bagaforo, P.L. Ambabang, E.C. Camacho, R.M. Cabual

SRRADS, Mabini, R.T. Lim, Zamboanga Sibugay

ABSTRACT

Application of Vermi Tea to Control Rubber Brown Bast were conducted at DA-

SRRADS, RT Lim Zamboanga Sibugay to evaluate the efficacy of vermi tea as control

measures on rubber infected with brown bast.

A total of 108 experimental rubber trees of 10 years old were randomly

distributed into three blocks each block were divided into three main plots for the

frequency and further divided into four sub plots for the rates and replicated three times.

The efficacy of vermi tea against brown bast was evaluated based on the bark

rejuvenation and latex yield.

Result of the study revealed that weekly application of 100% vermi tea will

enhance the bark rejuvenation resulting to increase the latex yield of rubber trees.

Furthermore, the higher the rates of vermi tea applied weekly have negative net

incomes (-3,842). While the lower the rates of the vermi tea applied monthly has the

higher the net income (2,536).

GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF FINISHER HOGS FED FERMENTED RATION WITH
FERMENTED SOYBEAN MEAL AND FISH SILAGE AS PROTEIN SUPPLEMENT

C.G. Litigio, E.R. Salinas

DSBC, Dumalinao, Zamboanga del Sur

ABSTRACT

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the growth performance

of finisher hogs fed with fermented feed using fermented soybean and fish
silage as protein supplement. The feeding trial was done using 12 heads
Landrace X Large White Finisher hogs in a completely randomized design
with four treatments: T1- Commercial Finisher Feed (Check), T2-
Fermented Feed with 100 % Fermented Soybean Meal (Control), T3-
Fermented Feed with 50 % Fermented Soybean Meal and 50 % Fish
Silage and T4- Fermented Feed with 50 % Fish Silage. Results showed
that the average daily gain, feed conversion ratio and final weight gain did
not significantly differ for all treatments. The recommended ration is the
fermented feed with 100 % fermented Soybean Meal since the diet
provided the best average daily gain, final weight gain, lower capital feed
cost of Php729.00 per hog and cost and return value at 39.8 %, 4%
higher than the commercial finisher feed. Fermented Finisher feed with
either 50% or 100% Fish Silage gave a lower feed capital cost (Php763.51
and Php798.50, respectively),average daily gain, final weight gain, feed
conversion ratio and cost and return value than commercial finisher feed
and fermented feed with 100% fermented Soybean Meal. In conclusion,
the utilization of fermented feed with 100% fermented Soybean can
potentially replace commercial finisher ration with a higher cost and return
value and low feed capital cost. Fermented feed with 50% and 100 %
Fish silage can replace 100% fermented Soybean meal with lower feed
capital cost but at a lower cost and return value.
ASSESSMENT OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS IN UPLAND RICE FARMERS IN
MARGINALIZED AREAS IN ZAMBOANGA PENINSULA

R.O. Bagaforo, W.L. Palabrica and N.B. Pongao

DA-Research Division, Sanito, Ipil, Zamboanga Sibugay

ABSTRACT

The study was conducted to assess the socio-economic conditions in upland rice
farmers in marginalized areas in Zamboanga Peninsula. Questionnaire were used with
the following criterion of the target areas; that includes the poverty index, mortality rates,
education measures, access to health care and infrastructure.

Result revealed that most of the respondents were female practiced upland rice
mono-cropping at average of 1-2 hectares of sloppy farm land and using the average of
40kg of seeds per hectare. The 20 x20 cm planting distance was used. Majority of the
farmers planted Dinorado rice variety and used inorganic fertilizer and synthetic
chemicals to control weeds, insect pests and cultural management for disease control.
Some farmers practiced intercropping, relay cropping and green manuring.

The production status of upland rice is still on the farmers level with production
cost ranging from Php 3000-5,000.00-ha and yielded an average of 5-6 sacks for three
provinces in Zamboanga Peninsula and less than 5 sacks for Zamboanga City. Upland
rice farmers have on farm annual income ranging from Php 11,000-20,000.00 while non-
farm income of Php 6,000-10,000 with farmers monthly household expenses of Php
3,000-5,000.00.

Most of farmers encountered problems on pests and diseases, insufficient

training and seminars that result to low production and unreasonable product price.

In order to increase the upland rice production, farmers suggested in the

Department of Agriculture for assistance on fertilizers, quality seeds, training and
seminars.
EFFICACY OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF SUBSTRATES USING SAWDUST AND RICE
STRAW FOR OYSTER MUSHROOM (PLEUROTUSSPP.) PRODUCTION UNDER
DIFFERENT ECOSYSTEM CONDITION IN ZAMBOANGAPENINSULA

O.O. Telmo, J.T. Rancho, E.S. Molano, M. Garnica, W.L. Palabrica, J. Patulada, S. Agapay and
F. Bulat-ag

Upper La Paz, Zamboanga City

ABSTRACT

The efficacy of different Levels of substrates using sawdust and

rice straw for Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus spp.) production under different
ecosystem condition in Zamboanga Peninsula was conducted simultaneously in La
Paz, Zamboanga City (representing highland); Research Division, Ipil, Zambo.
Sibugay (upland); and RCPC, Sudlon, Molave, Zambo. del Sur (representing the
lowland)from September - December, 2015 (wet season) and March July , 2016
(dry season), to a) determine the effects of different levels of substrates on the
yield and yield components of Oyster Mushroom under different Ecosystem; b) to
determine the incidence of pest and diseases in growing Oyster mushroom fruiting
bodies under different ecosystem; and c) to determine the economic performance of
Oyster mushroom under different levels of substrates using Completely
Randomized Design with eleven (11) treatments such as: T1 10 % sawdust +
90% rice straw; T2 20 % sawdust + 80% rice straw; T3- 30 % sawdust + 70% rice
straw(CHECK); T4 - 40 % sawdust + 60% rice Straw; T6 - 60 % sawdust + 40%
rice Straw; T7 70 % sawdust + 30% rice Straw; T8- 80 % sawdust + 20% rice
Straw; T9- 90 % sawdust + 10% rice Straw; T10- 100 % sawdust; and T11- 100%
rice Straw under the WET SEASON, Oyster mushroom using a substrate of 100%
sawdust in the highland observed the shortest average number of days from
spawning to bear fruit of 39 days. In upland condition,90% SD +10 RS, gave the
shortest number of days from spawning to fruiting of 48 days. In the lowland, 90%
SD + 10% RS observed the lowest number of days of spawning to fruiting of 50
days.

In terms of fruiting bodies, substrate 30% SD+70% RS gave the highest

fruiting bodies under the highland followed by substrates 70% SD+30% RS in the
upland, and substrates 80% SD + 20% RS and 90% SD + 10% RS. On the length
productive days to fruiting bags maturity, 20% SD + 80% RS, 80% SD + 20% RS,
100% SD and 100% RS observed the highest a productive days of 36 and 34
days, respectively. In upland, 10% SD +90% RS and 90% SD + 10% RS gave the
shortest productive days of 27 days. While in lowland, 70% SD + 30% RS and -
100% RS gave similar higher productive days of 38 days followed by 50% SD +
50% and 80% SD + 20% with the same 37 productive days.
 In terms of yield in the highland, substrate 30% SD +70% RS-check), gave
the highest average yield of 320 grams, while in upland, substrate 70% SD+30%
RS) gave the highest yield of 208 grams and In the lowland, 60% SD+40% RS)
gave the highest average yield of 125 grams per bag.

Under DRY SEASON, substrate using 100% sawdust observed the

shortest average number of days from spawning to bear fruit of 39 days in
highland, followed by 100% of rice straw of 40 days and 50 days using 90% SD
+10% RS. Under upland condition. 90% SD +10 RS, observed the shortest number
of days from spawning to fruiting of 48 days, followed by substrates of 80%
SD +20%RS and 100% RS with a number days of 58 and 60 days. In lowland
condition, 90% SD + 10% RS, 100% SD, 70% SD + 30% RS, 40% SD + 60% RS
and 80% SD + 20% RS gives the lowest number of days from spawning to fruiting
of 50, 52. 52, 53 and 53, respectively, while the highest number of days were
observed in 50% SD + 50%.

Under highland condition, the substrate of 30%SD+70%RS gave the highest

fruiting bodies of 12 developed, while in upland condition,70% SD+30% RS gave
the highest number of fruiting bodies developed of 9. However, under the lowland
condition, 80% SD + 20% RS and 90% SD + 10% RS gave the same number of
fruits developed of 9 fruiting bodies.

No recorded incidence of pest and diseases during the growth and

development of all fruiting bags tested under the different ecosystem in highland,
upland and lowland condition In terms of yield in the highland condition, 30% SD
+70% RS-check), significantly gave the highest average yield of 320 grams
followed by 70% SD+30% RS under upland with the highest average yield of 208
grams per bag and 125 grams per bag In the lowland.

Based on 30 fruiting bags, the cost and return analysis of growing

mushroom as affected by different level of substrate shows that under the DRY
SEASON, the highest average net income of P702 and P477 was obtained by
treatment 30% SD+70% RS and 40%SD + 60% RS under highland condition
followed by 70%SD ++ 30%RS and 90%SD + 10% RS under upland and lowland
with the net income of P392.4 and P40.32. On the return of Capital (ROC), growing
of mushroom using 30% SD + 70% RS and T4 under highland gives the highest
ROC value of 156 and 106, respectively followed by substrates using 70% SD +
30% RS and 90% SD + 10% RS with the ROC value of87.2 and 8.96, respectively.
 Under the WET SEASON, substrate 30% SD+70% RS and 40%SD+60%RS
shows the highest average net income of P398 and P384 under highland with the
following ROC of 86.64 and 85.36, followed by substrate 50%SD+50%RS and
90%SD = 10% RS with the following net income of P385, P43 and with of ROC of
85.6 and 9.6 in the upland and lowland condition.
VALIDATION TRIALS OF NUTRIENT EXPERT FOR MAIZEPHILIPPINES SOFTWARE ON
OPEN POLLINATED WHITE CORN IN REGION 9

Resureccion T. Esturas, Jonathan G. Comamao, Edmund Calvo and Reche D. Tabanao

ABSTRACT

Nutrient Expert is a nutrient decision support tool, design to help agriculturists, extension
workers and farmers to quickly obtain fertilizer guidelines tailored to specific corn fields
conditions. The study aimed to validate the fertilizer recommendations for open pollinated white
corn generated by the Nutrient Expert for Maize-Philippines Software in Region 9 conditions. It
was conducted in fifteen white corn growing areas in Region 9 followed the Site-Specific
Nutrient Management (SSNM) guidelines from University of the Philippines Los Baos (UPLB).
Based on the findings of the study, results showed that actual yield of NEMPH in OFT with
3.90 t/ha was significantly higher over to the recommendation of NEMPH software with 3.10
t/ha. It is concluded that fertilizer recommendation of the NEMPH software on open pollinated
white corn gave higher yield as compared to recommended yield of the NEMPH software.
Therefore, there is a need to refine the SSNM Rates module of NEMPH software to give
accurate fertilizer recommendations on open pollinated white corn in Region 9 conditions.
Rice Techno Demo on Lowland Irrigated and Rainfed Rice Community Farms

Vicente G. Balingit , Mary Joy P. Flores, Emilio J. Lanit, and Dorie D. Bastatas

ABSTRACT

Rice Techno Demo on Lowland Irrigated and Rain fed Rice Community Farms; a
project which is composed of two studies conducted in two agri- ecosystems that includes
study 1: Techno-Demo on Lowland Irrigated Rice Community Farm and Study 2: Techno-
Demo on Lowland Rain fed Rice Community Farm. The main purpose of this research is to
showcase Package of Technology (POT) on the updated rice production technology that
would give better income to the farmers on both the irrigated and rain fed lowland
community farms.
Package of technology (POT) on the recent updates of rice culture both in rain fed
and irrigated ecological zones during the wet and dry season of CY 2016 was demonstrated
to eight municipalities of Region 9 covering the provinces of Zamboanga del Norte,
Zamboanga del Sur and Zamboanga Sibugay wherein the Department of Agriculture
provided the farm inputs during the conduct of the demo.
The technologies introduced to the farmers in every community farms were the Eight
Key Palay Checks, Rice Crop Manager, Phil Rice Smart Texter and the Rice Doctors APPs.
These technologies were introduced to the farmers through lecture and briefings in classes
and small gatherings, before the start of the project, during field visits, and field days and
putting up Technology Demonstration project. In order to facilitate more laudable effects in
the rice farming, classes were superimposed by the MLGU Rice Technicians.
As a result of the techno demo, it was observed that the farmers are now at ease in
rice management because the introduced technology utilized mobiles and tablets which are
connected to internet so that the problems on rice farming will be solved at once in terms of
adopting technologies texted and programmed. Besides in the community farming, the
farmers were grouped for a common goal and decision making in farming that would
facilitate in placing a business enterprise in the community.
The techno demo in both the lowland rainfed and irrigated showed bountiful harvest
both in wet and dry cropping season. For lowland rainfed community farm got an average
yield of 5.45 tons per hectare on the wet season and 5.53 tons on the dry season
respectively and an increment on wet to dry season of 0.18 tons in the lowland rain fed.
While in the Lowland Irrigated Community Farms an average yield of 7.13 tons per
hectare during the wet season was attained and 7.5 tons per hectare average yield on the
dry season with an increment yield of 0.46 tons from wet to dry season.
Varietal Evaluation of Corn for Silage Production
E.J. lanit, R.T. Esturas, J.J. Aljas, D.D. Bastatas

ABSTRACT

The main objective of this study is to evaluate different varieties of corn for silage
production. Five corn varieties were used NGR 800, NGR 900, IES Glut 4, Super
sweet corn, and Tiniguib. The five varieties do not vary significantly among treatment
means in their agronomic parameters except for plant height, ear length, and ear
circumference in the dry season. There was also significant difference among treatment
means for silage quality. All five varieties were moderately to highly susceptible to insect
pest during the wet season but moderately susceptible to highly resistant during dry
season. The five varieties were also moderately to highly susceptible to eyespot and
leaf blight during the wet season. All varieties except for Super sweet corn were highly
resistant to stalk rot, leaf blight, and corn smut during the dry season; super sweet corn
is moderately susceptible to leaf blight. All varieties but Tiniguib, which is highly
resistant, were moderately susceptible to eyespot during the dry season. The yield
showed slightly significant to highly significant difference between the corn varieties and
between the wet and dry season. The Tiniguib is the highest yielding variety for the 1 st
cropping giving 29.19 tons/ha and IES Glut 4 in the 2 nd cropping is the highest yielding
hybrid giving 45.41 tons/ha. The highest return of investment (ROI) for the 1 st cropping
was obtained by Tiniguib variety of 42.75 per peso invested and NGR 900 gave the
lowest of 12.02 per peso. In the 2nd cropping IES Glut 4 obtained the highest ROI of
102.79 while Super sweet corn showed to have the lowest computed ROI of 62.02.
Based on the results of the study, Tiniguib is the most suitable variety for planting during
the wet season and NGR 800 for planting during the dry season under the Kalawit
condition.
Impact Assessment on the Establishment of Vermi-Culture Project and Utilization of its
Facilities in Zamboanga Peninsula

Josephine A. Subong and Roger L. Subong, 2015

DA-ZAMPIARC, Sanito, Ipil, Zamboanga Sibugay
ABSTRACT
The Study aimed to assess the impact on the establishment of vermin-culture
project and utilization of its facilities in Zamboanga Peninsula. Specially, its delved into
determining the profile and nature of participation of the recipients of the BSWM Project;
levels of awareness; significant contributions of benefits; extent of adaptation; reasons
why vermi-culture technology was not adopted; limitations encountered; trend and
volume of production; gap of supply and demand; status of establishment; and other
information.
A questionnaire-checklist was used and personal interview was done to the
recipients of the vermin-culture project and non-recipient of the vermin-culture
technology in Basilan and Zamboanga City Cluster, Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga
del Sur and Zamboanga Sibugay Province.
Results show that majority of the adopters of the technology are males and
vermin-compost user and very aware of the program. The benefits are: compost keep
soil healthy and productive, limit use of synthetic fertilizers, helps in recycling organic
wastes, increase production of crops, minimize production cost, as soil conditioners,
improves soil fertility, aggregation and permeability and augment farmers income. Few
Recipient farmers discontinue its operation due to lack of skills, no training on the
culture and on operation of the facilities.
In general, the vermi-culture technology was adopted by famer beneficiaries.
Few stopped due to some constraints encountered such as; need for voluminous waste
materials; intensive labor; worms are sensitive to adverse condition; no ample support
from the government, few vermin growers, lack production of compost and vermitea,
price of vermin compost is low, effects is slow, labor is high, shortage of product and
transportation is high.
 As to analysis of supply and demand of vermins, compost and vermitea,
unserved vermin per grower is below 5kg; initial volume used is below 5kg per farmer in
Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur and Basilan-Zamboanga City cluster while
Zamboanga Sibugay Province used 11-15kg per farmer. The volume of worm produced
per cropping per farmer is 46-50kg at 251.00 500kg per kilogram, no surplus of the
vermin production these are utilized for the next cropping. The volume of demand is
below 250kg per municipality while the volume of supply is 50-100 kg of vermin per
cropping.
On the aspect of production and marketing of vermicompost and vermitea
production, the entire Peninsula produced 2,941.22 bags of compost per cropping
(3months) with an estimated cost of P735,305.00 and vermitea of 9,773 liters with an
estimated cost of P244,325.00 prevailing the price of vermicompost is P200-300 per
bag while vermitea is P20.00-30.00 per liter.
The unserved demand of compost is 1,000kg per cropping. Each cropping
incurred an expenses of P500.00 P3,000.00 depending on the desired volume to be
produced. The unserved demand of vermins is below 10kg per famer. There are 5-26
growers per municipality engaged in the technology.
There are 43 to more than 200 farmers per grower served since the start of the
project. As to the facilities, out of the 77 recorded recipient, 41 are very functional, 25
functional, 6 are no longer functional and 5 are under repair and borrowed by other
growers in the community. Only 9 percent of the recipient growers received financial
assistance from other peoples organization and LGUs. Monitoring was done monthly,
quarterly, semi-annual and annually. The vermins, compost and vermitea are sold in the
local market. The vermin-house are mostly made of concrete materials and substrates
used are animal manure, madre de cacao leaves, banana bracks and other
decomposable waste materials.
Based on the findings, the vermin-culture facilities has no direct monetary
contribution to the income of the farmers but beneficial to the improvement of the
physic-chemicals characteristics of the soil. The production of vermin, vermin-compost
and vermitea is still on its house hold level, still few farmers are engaged in mass
production for commercial purposes in Zamboanga Peninsula.
Influence of Indigenous Herbal Supplements on the Occurrence and Incidence of
Upgraded Chicken Diseases
Joseleo P. Galicia, DVM, Luzvilla B. del Campo, Gladys Marie A. Dagandan, Mizrain D.
Quinalagan, 2015
DA-Research Division, Sanito, Ipil, Zamboanga Sibugay
ABSTRACT
A study was conducted to evaluate the growth performance and resistance to
pest and disease of upgraded chicken supplemented with varying levels of aloe vera,
malunggay leaf extracts and virgin coconut oil. A total of one hundred sixty two (162)
heads of 15-day old chicks were randomly distributed into nine treatment group,
replicate three times with six birds per replication. The growth performance of upgraded
chicken was evaluated based on their feed consumption, final weight, Feed Convertion
Ratio (FCR) and Return on Investment (ROI). Results of the study revealed that the
supplementation of indigenous herbal such as malunggay leaf extract, aloe vera leaf
and virgin coconut oil and its combination did not influence daily feed consumption and
feed conversion. However, final weight was significant affected by application of
indigenous herbal supplements. Based on physical observation, the upgraded chicken
was found more resistant to diseases. Furthermore, net income of four production
cycles within two years reached up to P278,784 and Return of Investment of 107%.
Profiling of Major Rice Industry Stakeholders in Zamboanga Sibugay and Zamboanga
Del Sur
Peter M. Andalahao, RPAE, Roger O. Bagaforo, RPAE, Charlyn A. Acosta, Reychence
Toto, Judillyn D. Fuentes.
DA-ZARMPIARC, Sanito, Ipil, Zamboanga Sibugay
ABSTRACT
Rice is one of the major commodities grown in the region and top producing
provinces are Zamboanga del Sur and Zamboanga Sibugay. The study was conducted
in the top 3 rice producing municipalities in each province to profile the major rice
industry stakeholder such as rice farmers, traders and millers considering that these are
key players for the development of the rice industry in the region. It aims also to test the
rice sufficiency competitiveness and monitor the changes in the rice industry situation
and to identify the gap of production over the population per province.
Relevant secondary data were collected to identify the top 3 rice producing
municipalities of Zamboanga del Sur which are Mahayag, Labangan and Tambulig
while Titay, Siay and Diplahan municipalities for Zamboanga Sibugay. With the use of
Sloven formula, there were 758 rice farmers respondents, 16 traders and 29 millers
identified and interview using pre-tested structured survey questionnaire.
Results showed that the age of rice farmers were already in the range of 51
years and both above in both provinces. The Education attainment was on elementary
level for Zambaoanga del Sur (36%) and elementary graduate for Zamboanga Sibugay
(33%). Tenurial Status of the farmers were share tenant (48%) in Zamboanga del Sur
and majority owner