Easy

angle The union of two rays with a common endpoint, called the vertex.
ratio A pair of numbers that compares different types of units.
mean In a data set, the sum of all the data points, divided by the number of data
points; average.
area The number of square units that covers a shape or figure.
normal Perpendicular.
pentagon A five-sided polygon.
arc A portion of the circumference of a circle.
difference The result of subtracting two numbers.
Pi An irrational constant used when calculating the area and circumference of
circles. It is approximately equal to 3.14.
diagonal The line segment connecting two nonadjacent vertices in a polygon.
fraction A number used to name a part of a group or a whole. The number below the
bar is the denominator, and the number above the bar is the numerator.
mode A type of average; the number (or numbers) that occurs most frequently in
a set of data.
base The bottom of a plane figure or three-dimensional figure.
inverse Opposite. -5 is the additive inverse of 5, because their sum is zero. 1/3 is the
multiplicative inverse of 3, because their product is 1.
square A quadrilateral with four equal sides and four 90 degree angles.
radius The distance from the center to a point on a circle; the line segment from the
center to a point on a circle
cylinder A three-dimensional figure having two parallel bases that are congruent
circles.
operation Addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division are the basic arithmetic
operations.
volume A measurement of space, or capacity
triangle A three-sided polygon.
Medium

vertex The point on an angle where the two sides intersect.

circumference The distance around a circle.
quotient The answer to a division problem.
obtuse angle An angle whose measure is greater than 90 degrees.
variable A letter used to represent a number value in an expression or an equation
protractor A device for measuring angles.
exponent A number that indicates the operation of repeated multiplication.
perpendicular Two lines are perpendicular if the angle between them is 90 degrees.
coefficient A constant that multiplies a variable.
prime number A number whose only factors are itself and 1.
proportion An equation of fractions in the form:
a/b = c/d
permutation A way to arrange things in which order is important.
coplanar Points that lie within the same plane
denominator The bottom part of a fraction.
collinear Points are collinear if they lie on the same line.
rhombus A parallelogram with four equal sides.
sphere A three-dimensional figure with all points in space a fixed distance from a
given point, called the center.
ellipse The set of all points in a plane such that the sum of the distances to two
fixed points is a constant.
quadrant One of the quarters of the plane of the Cartesian coordinate system
congruent Figures or angles that have the same size and shape.
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Subtrahend The number that is to be subtracted. The second number in a subtraction.

scattergram A graph with points plotted on a coordinate plane.

A polyhedron (a flat-sided solid object) with 8 Faces.
Octahedron

percentile Percentiles are the 99 values that divide an ordered data set into 100
(approximately) equal parts.
An 11-sided polygon (a flat shape with straight sides)
Hendecagon

hypotenuse The side opposite the right angle in a right triangle.

logarithm The logarithm of a positive number x is the power to which a given
number b, called the base, must be raised in order to produce the number x
The first number in a subtraction. The number from which another number
Minuend (the Subtrahend) is to be subtracted.
reciprocal The number which, when multiplied times a particular fraction, gives a
result of 1.
A pattern made of identical shapes:
Tessellation the shapes must fit together without any gaps
the shapes should not overlap
A rectangle that is not a square.
Oblong

parallelogram A quadrilateral with opposite sides parallel.

A rectangle that is not a square.
Trapezoid
A flat shape like a ring, or a flattened donut.a
Annulus

quadrilateral A polygon with 4 sides.

A Ternary Number uses only these 3 digits: 0, 1 and 2
Ternary

The horizontal ("x") value in a pair of coordinates. How far along the point
Abscissa is.
Cartesian A system in which points on a plane are identified by an ordered pair of
coordinates numbers, representing the distances to two or three perpendicular axes.
A traditional Chinese puzzle made of a square divided into seven
Tangram pieces (one parallelogram, one square and five triangles) that can
be arranged to match particular designs
Abacus An abacus has beads that slide on rods. It can be used to count, add, subtract,
multiply and more.