Atomic Structure - Periodic Table

Exercise 1
Name the element and give its symbol.

Name Symbol
A brown liquid
The metal alloyed to make steel
A yellow solid
A gas used in incandescent light bulbs
The main gas in the air
A green-yellow gas used in bombs during WW I
The least dense gas
A very reactive metal that floats on water
A reactive metal that floats on water
A silver liquid metal
A red brown solid used to make wires
A metal used to make mirrors
A black shiny solid that sublimes to a purple vapour
The metal in common salt
Used in meteorological balloons
Considered the clean fuel of the future
Makes the white light in fireworks

Exercise 2
Fill in the table.

Element symbol Element name Element symbol Element name

Mg Hg
aluminium carbon
K K
fluorine bromine
Si Ne
sodium Kr
Ca xenon
iron I
zinc chlorine

Exercise 3
Define isotope
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Exercise 4
Choose the correct answer:
1. Which is the charge of neutrons and electrons respectively?
i. 1, -1
ii. 0, -1
iii. 1, 0
iv. 0, 1
2. The mass of the atom is due to:
i. its protons
ii. its electrons
iii. its protons and electrons
iv. its protons and neutrons
3. The atomic number is:
i. the number of electrons
ii. the number of protons
iii. the number of protons and neutrons
iv. the number of protons and electrons
4. The mass number is:
i. the number of electrons
ii. the number of protons
iii. the number of protons and neutrons
iv. the number of protons and electrons
5. The central part of the atom is called the .
i. nucleous
ii. nucleus
iii. neutron
iv. nuclear
6. Potassium has an atomic number of 19 and a mass number of 39. So, it has neutrons.
i. 19
ii. 18
iii. 20
iv. 21
7. Which subatomic particle has a positive charge?
i. proton
ii. neutron
iii. electron
iv. nucleus
8. Which subatomic particle is NOT found in the nucleus of an atom?
i. proton
ii. neutron
iii. electron
iv. ion
9. Why does an atom have no net electric charge?
i. Its subatomic particles carry no electrical charge.
ii. The positively charged protons cancel out the negatively charged neutrons.
iii. The positively charged neutrons cancel out the negatively charged electrons.
iv. The positively charged protons cancel out the negatively charged electrons.

Exercise 5
Answer the following questions:
 i. How many electrons are there in an atom of carbon? .................................................................
ii. How many protons are there in an atom of beryllium? ...............................................................
iii. How many neutrons are there in an atom of boron? ...................................................................
iv. Draw a diagram of the atom of magnesium

v. What is the name of the element that has electrons arranged 2, 8, 2?

vi. What is the trend of the boiling point of Group 1 elements?
vii. What happens to the size of the atoms as we go down the elements of Group 1?
viii. Draw a labelled atomic diagram of the element fluorine.

Exercise 6
Fill in the table the number of the sub-atomic particles and the electronic configuration.
Element Number of protons Number of neutrons Number of electrons Electronic
configuration
39
19 K
31
15 P

Exercise 7
Fill in the blanks in the table below

Chemical Element Z A p n e

He 2 2

C 14 6

Na 23 11

Cl 17 18

P 16 15

Cu 63 34

Mg 12 12

Ar 40 18

Al 27 13