CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Introduction

Dynamic growth in the demands of consumers has always been a

persistent issue in the ever-growing need for resources of our society nowadays.

For instance, in the Philippines, the never-ending issue on electricity shortage

has stained the countrys image of being rich in natural resources. Improper

management and exploitation has fueled its rapid destruction. Fortunately, the

advancement in the computer technology has already permeated every sphere of

the modern humanity.

Technology has been a primary contributor in making life more efficient

and comfortable. Thus, taking control of everything through devices has become

more advanced and systematic. For instance, the SMS Controlled Electric

Connection/Disconnection System is an extended approach to automating the

power distribution, , for instance, of a particular household.

Every time the customers reach the due dates of their electricity bills, the

linemen hired by electric company spend much of their time going door-to-door

just by connecting or disconnecting electrical services of hundreds or thousands

of households. Sometimes, even the customer can just reconnect the service

entrance line themselves without the utility's consent which is illegal and not

tolerated by the electric company.

1
 So, the proponents decided to develop a device that will help the technical

staff of the electric company to do their job faster and provide a secure process

for them. The South Cotabato Electric Cooperative II (SOCOTECO II) of General

Santos City will be the beneficiary of the proposed project. The project aims to

eliminate the manual process in electrical service disconnection and

reconnection of SOCOTECO II of General Santos City. This device is called the

SMS Controlled Electric Connection/Disconnection System.

Statements of the Problem

This project aims to eliminate the following problems:

The absence of a service entrance e that could quickly connect or disconnect

electrical service

The need for the linemen hired by electric company to spend too much time

going door-to-door just to connect or disconnect electrical services of

households

The need to protece the service entrance line electrical service reconnection

by unauthorized persons

The need to avoid untoward incidents that may happen to the linemen sent by

the electric company while performing their job upon connecting and

disconnecting the electrical service.

2
Objectives of the Study

This study aimed to develop a SMS Controlled Electric

Connection/Disconnection System for SOCOTECO II of General Santos City that

can eliminate the manual process of connecting or disconnecting electrical

services of households. The study aimed:

To develop an application that will let the technical staff to easily and more

quickly do their job in connecting or disconnecting electrical services of

households
To develop a device that can prevent electrical service reconnection by

unauthorized persons
To minimize the untoward incidents that may happen to the service linemen

while performing their job.

Significance of the Study

The rapid growth of advanced technology has been important in

developing systems to properly manage basic utilities of a household, e.g.

electricity and water supply. This research will help eliminate the manual process

of disconnecting or reconnecting the electrical services of households.

With this system, the electric company will not have to send someone to

go door-to-door just to connect or disconnect electrical service of that household

if the said device is installed in their service entrance lines and help lessen

untoward incidents that may happen to the linemen hired by electric company

upon performing their job. It will help the consumers be aware of their financial

3
obligations concerning energy consumption. It will also be of great help in the

management of power system stability.

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY

This section discusses the scope and delimitations of the SMS Controlled

Electric Connection/Disconnection System for SOCOTECO II of General Santos

City.

Scope of the Study

The system will only temporarily cut off the electrical service of a

household and restore the electrical service of household. There will be a

software control panel that will control the device that disconnects and

reconnects electrical services of households. A LED (Light-emitting diode) will be

installed to the device as an indicator to help the consumers be aware of their

financial obligations concerning energy consumption.

Delimitation of the Study

Both the software control panel and the device will require a Subscriber

Identity Module (SIM) card in order for the software control panel to send the

command to control the said device and also to receive data from the device

itself via Short Message Service (SMS). The SIM card that will be used in both

the software control panel and the device should be loaded for at least once a

month to prevent expiration of the said SIM card. The device is only suitable for

installation in places where there is at least the required minimum signal.

4
 If the service provider is having maintenance, the software control panel

cannot send command to the device and cannot receive any feedback from the

device itself,and also the device cannot receive any command sent from the

software control panel. The device that was installed does not have the ability to

measure the power usage in every household.

CHAPTER II

5
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

In this chapter, foreign and local related literature and studies will be

provided that has been presented by the people who conducted studies closely

similar to the proponents study.

Related Literature

Wireless communication is the transfer of information or power between

two or more points that are not connected by an electrical conductor

(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless).

Foreign Related Studies

SMS Based Remote Control System

Since mobile is a widely-used technology of today, SMS-based remote

control for home appliances is beneficial for humans. We need to handle variety

of electronic equipment at different extents, either by using battery-operated

remote controls (TV, central heating systems, fire alarm system, air-conditioner,

etc.) or computer-generated technologies (security system, hi-fi equipment,

lighting systems, etc.). Mobile technology has come into picture when people

have the urge to remotely control their household appliances even outside their

homes.

6
 Fig. ure 1. SMS based Remote Control System

GSM Based Electrical Control System for Smart Home Application

Wahab, et al (2010) developed the GSM-based control home appliances

for smart home system. A GSM Module was installed into their prototype. The

function of the GSM Module is to receive Short Message Service (SMS) from a

mobile phone. The SMS that was sent to the GSM module serves as a command

to the controller to perform an action such as switching ON or OFF the lights and

some electrical home appliances according to users order. The prototype was

successfully developed and has help reduced electricity wastage.

Development of a GSM Based Power Control System

Dhartrak, S. E., Sangle, N. S., Wagh, V. G. (2015) designed and

developed a power control system using GSM module with microcontroller. The

aim of their study was to develop a system that can control high power switches

using mobile phones for different power plant in industry. Most power control

electrical switches of power control plants are operated manually and these are

deemed unsafe. Thus, highly efficient communication through mobile are utilized

7
because of its advantages over the manual operation. Two options are

highlighted in GSM the SMS and autodialing phone number. The GSM -based

modem can be used to control high power industrial plant.

Local Related Studies

Mobile Phone Graphical User Interface (GUI) for Appliance Remote Control:

An SMS-based Electronic Appliance Monitoring and Control System

SMS is a means of wireless communication between people. It can also

be used to communicate with devices even if they are in close contact with it.

This implies that SMS or GSM has further range of communication than

Bluetooth and infrared. Other than this, it can also be associated with home

monitoring system, wherein households can be updated about the status of their

appliances (whether its turned on or off). Moreover, this medium is the most

adaptable among other controlled systems (Alcantara, 2013).

Design of Home Appliance Remote Monitoring and Switching System Using

SMS

Electricity conservation is one of the critical issues that should be very

much taken into account but nowadays, most households are finding it either

difficult to conserve electricity or that they somehow disregard the matter

because apparently, electricity plays a crucial role in almost everything around

us. This can be observed through all appliances that are running inside a certain

household. But the real problem arises when the power bill arrives in the mail

8
causing disappointment among consumers knowing that they couldve paid more

attention to how much electric energy are wasted when they had the chance.

Unwanted electrical consumptions also happen wherein sometimes,

people forget to turn off their appliances because of busy lifestyles. Sometimes,

some appliances should not be used by others without the owners consent so it

is better that the behavior of that particular appliance be monitored. This is just

one of the reasons why there is a need for such device that would allow home-

owners to monitor and remotely switch ON or OFF appliances.

There is a need for a design that is easy to use and would be convenient

for household owners and apply to their everyday activities. Such monitoring and

control system should require low power usage and utilize widespread

technologies such as text messaging. This method would however require

prepaid credit and therefore, the device can also be remotely reloaded for

continuous monitoring. There would also be a manual control switches inside the

unit that can be used when the administrator is indoors (Abayari, 2008).

Prepaid Power Meter

The study aimed to help the consumers pay for their consumption in a

quick and simple manner (Bergonia, 2008). The major components are PIC

microcontroller, Prepaid Card, Card Reader, Electric Meter, LCD, Relay, LED,

Buzzer, and Keypad. This paper also demonstrated the use of prepaid energy

meter system. This system would be beneficial for the consumer to manage

power. It is easy to operate and cost effective. On the part of the electric

9
company, there will be less hassle in keeping track of the consumption of their

customers since it is prepaid, and they dont have to prepare any bill. It will also

reduce their consumption of resources such as ink and paper for printing.

10
 CHAPTER III

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This chapter contains the materials with its prescribed details including

their capabilities. Also the methods are composed of the following steps and

techniques on how the proponents gather data or information with regards to

their study.

HARDWARE

Following is a list of the hardware used for developing the system:

Arduino Uno (ATmega328) is an open-source device that has its own

IDE (Integrated Development Environment) to allow the user to put his/her own

syntax on what this device will do, such as manipulating other external electronic

devices that are placed in it.

Fig. 2. Arduino Uno (ATmega328)

Image Source: http://diyboys.com/detailed-pin-description-arduino-uno/

Solid State Relay is asingle-phase switch device that are capable for high

voltage in order to control this device it requires DC input voltage.

11
Hardware Specifications:

Switching Input Voltage: 3v DC up to 32v DC

Maximum Voltage: 480v AC
Allowable Current: 200Amp

Fig. 3. Solid State Relay

Image Source: http://www.thyristorscr.com/UploadFiles/solid-state-relay-ssr-greegoo-
20114713313243.jpg

SIM900 GSM and GPRS Shield is a wireless device that is used for

sending or receiving data such as SMS (Short Message Service) but this device

will not work if does not have its own SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) card. The

design of this device is compatible to be attached in Arduinio Uno

(ATmega328).

Hardware Specifications:
Quad-Band 850/900/1800/1900 MHz
Dimension 24mm x 24mm x 3mm
Weight: 3.4g
Control via AT commands
SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) application toolkit
Power supply range: 3.2v up to 4.8v
Operation temperature from -40C up to +85C

12
 Fig. 4. SIM900 GSM and GPRS Shield
Image Source: http://linksprite.com/wiki/index.php5?title=SIM900_GPRS/GSM_Shield

Connecting Wires is a type of material that allows to flow the electric

current in different devices and also it is covered with insulated plastic to avoid

short-circuit.

Fig. 5. Connecting Wires

Image Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jump_wire

Broadband is a plug and play wireless device that is used for sending and

receiving data such as (Short Message Service) SMS that are almost the same

with SIM900 GSM and GPRS Shield that need its own SIM but broadband

device has its own port is to allow us to send SMS also read SMS through

system. This device is USB (Universal Serial Bus) Type so it is compatible to be

attached on computers/laptops.

13
 Fig. 6. Broadband
Image Source: https://s19.postimg.org/5oo5m2hlf/IMG_20161112_022246.jpg

Industrial Power Supply is a component that will prevent electrical

overloads or even overheat and it provides Direct Current (DC) output from 9

volts up to 12 volts that can supply the needed power of small devices such as

Arduino Uno and SIM900 GSM/GPRS Shield. This type of component can be

powered with a minimum of 220volts up to 240volts Alternating Current (AC).

Hardware Specifications:
Required Voltage: 220v AC up to 240v AC
Output Voltage: 9v DC up to 12v DC
Fan cooling system
Built in: potentiometer

Fig. 7. Industrial Power Supply

Image Source: http://www.diytrade.com/china/pd/7528913/360W_industrial_power_supply.html

14
 LED (Light-emitting diode) is a material used to indicate the electrical

service connection. The LED is an indicator if the electrical service is connected

ornot connected. If the electrical service is connected the LED will turn on

otherwise the LED will turn off.

Fig. 8. LED (Light-Emitting Diode)

Image Source: https://nl.dreamstime.com/stock-foto-groene-rode-leiden-image9988000

SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) Card is a material used for storing

personal data and also to prevent operation when it is removed. SIM has its own

unique number provided with the service provider in order to transmit and receive

information or data.

Fig. 9. SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) Card

Image Source: https://aos.iacpublishinglabs.com/question/aq/700px-394px/sim-card-
located_6a63d6197c495bb5.jpg?domain=cx.aos.ask.com

SOFTWARE
A list of software material used by the proponents of SMS Controlled

Electric Connection/Disconnection Systemproject in a way to make a local

15
system application that are based with Visual Basic .NET as a programming tool

for application and Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio for the storage of

data.

Microsoft Visual Studio (Visual Basic .NET)

VB.NET Framework version 4 is a tool that is used to make a system

application applicable for local industries such as SOCOTECO II.Withthe help of

this the assign personnel can quickly connect or disconnect the electrical service

in different households.

16
Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio
A database management system was released by Microsoft or we call as

Microsoft SQL Server Management Studiocontains different capability such as

insert, update and retrieve data. The proponents used this tool in part of building

their project entitled SMS Controlled Electric Connection/Disconnection

System so that the information or data they storedwill be organized and also

secured.

RESEARCH METHODS

The methods of research were composed of qualitative research,

information taken from the internet, observation, interviews and other different

sources available; with also the help of knowledge acquired from studying.

Furthermore, the proponents scheduled the date and time to research their study

so they will finish the research papers before the proposal.

1. Internet Surfing

The proponents used WWW (World Wide Web) to obtain related

information on their proposed project. The proponents spent time to surf some

foreign studies and local studies that are similar to their project study so they will

get knowledge to figure out what they will do.

2. Letter Approval

The proponents wrote a letter of permission for them to conduct research,

survey and also interview with those who are suitable with their research study.

3. Interview

17
 The proponents used this type of method in order to gather information

about electrical engineering studies so they will know on what the exact materials

they will use in their project. They also interviewed respondents who were

assigned in the area where the project will be implemented. The proponent

asked them if ever the linemen will lose their job or not once this type of project

will be implemented.

4. Observation

Based on observation, there was no such existing system and device that

could quickly connect or disconnect electricity in each of the households under

the SOCOTECO II of General Santos City. The researchers also observed some

of the electric post on where they intend to put their device if ever the system will

be implemented.

5. Survey

The proponents also used the survey method. Generally, the main

purpose was to gather initial data or information about what they have right now

such as manual processes entailed of their jobs. The researchers also surveyed

if there were incidents that occurred in the past that involved the assigned

personnel on a particular job. So, the researchers asked questions to people who

were either inside and outside SOCOTECO II to clarify that this type of system

and device should be feasible and really in need to both SOCOTECO II

consumers and personnels.

18
Respondents of the Study

The respondents were those that were assigned in theTechnical and

Engineering Department of SOCOTECO II.

Technical Feasibility

The researchers can positively say that the proposed project was

technically feasible. The required resources for the development of the system

can be found inside the country, along with the future maintenance requirements

for both the software control panel and the device.

The resources were used for the development of the software control

panel and the device were already available. As for the maintenance of the

software control panel and the device, the researchers can contact the person

where they will get the resources from easily.

The Break Even Analysis

Given: Number of Technical Assistants in Technical and Engineering

Department

20 is the appropriate amount of technical assistants in their institution

4 is the approximate amount of car used

So, there were at least 5 person in each car.

19
 Cost Analysis

Current System

Food & Drinks 120 PHP per person

Transportation 2,000 PHP gasoline of each car

Others 1,500 PHP each car

Table 1. Cost Analysis

Monthly Expense Annual Expense

Food 90,000.00 1,080,000.00
Transportation 240,000.00 2,880,000.00
Others 180,000.00 2,160,000.00
Total Monthly Expense: 420,090.00PHP
Total Annual Expense: 6,120,000.00 PHP
Table 1. Cost Analysis

Proposed System

Hardware and system used of the institution

Note: One time payment only.

Table 2. Hardware and System Used in the Institution

Name Quantity # of Day(s) Price

SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT
Food 2 person(s) 162 16,200.00
Water 2 person(s) 162 3,500.00
Transportation 2 person(s) 162 6,000.00
Electrical Service 162 4,300.00

Consumption
Talent Fee 2 person(s) 162 20,000.00
System Development Cost 2 person(s) 162 30,000.00

Name Quantity Price

HARDWARE
Computer Set 1 18,000.00
Printer 1 3,000.00

20
 Total Amount: PHP 101,000.00

Table 3. Hardware materials used of the consumer

Table 2. Hardware and System used of the institution

Hardware materials used of the consumer

Name Quantity Price

Arduino Uno 1 740.00
Solid State Relay 200A 1 1,400.00
GSM Shield 1 1,800.00
Connecting Wire 1 Set 30.00
SIM Card 2 60.00
Industrial Power Supply 1 1,400.00
LED 2 4.00
Total Hardware Material Cost: PHP 5,434.00
Total Hardware Material Cost of 100 Consumer(s): PHP 543,400.00
Table 3. Hardware materials used of the consumer

Legend:

A = Hardware and system used of the institution

B = Hardware materials used of the consumer

C = Rough estimate on implementation

A- 101,000.00 PHP

B- 543,400.00 PHP

C- 500,000.00 PHP

1,144,400.00 PHP

Estimated Maintenance Expenses for SOCOTECO II and 100 Consumers

Table 4. Estimated Maintenance Expense for SOCOTECO II and 100

Consumers:
Monthly Annual
SIM card load 600.00 7,200.00

21
Device Maintenance 20,000.00 240,000.00
Petty cash 5,000.00 60,000.00
Total Maintenance Expense: 25,600.00 307,200.00
Table 4. Estimated Maintenance Expense for SOCOTECO II and 100 Consumers

Cumulative Cost

Table 5. Cumulative Cost

Number of Current Cumulative Proposed Cumulative

Months System Price System Price

1 420,090.00 420,090.00 1,144,400.00 1,144,400.00
2 420,090.00 840,180.00 25,600.00 1,170,000.00
3 420,090.00 1,260,270.00 25,600.00 1,195,600.00
4 420,090.00 1,680,360.00 25,600.00 1,221,200.00
5 420,090.00 2,100,450.00 25,600.00 1,246,800.00
Table 5. Cumulative Cost

Fig. ure10. Cumulative Cost Graph

Equation of the Current System:

Table 6. Equation of the Current System

Cumulative Price
Number of months (x) Marginal Cost (y2-y1)
(y)
1 420,090.00

22
 420,090.00

2 840,180.00

420,090.00

3 1,260,270.00

420,090.00

4 1,680,360.00

420,090.00
5 2,100,450.00

Table 6. Equation of the Current System

Since Marginal Cost is constant, the line is linear. Thus, we use the linear

equation

To solve for b;

23
Therefore, the equation of the current system is y = .

Equation of the Proposed System:

Table 7. Equation of the Proposed System

Number of Cumulative Price

Marginal Cost (y2-y1)
months (x) (y)

1 1,144,400.00
25,600.00

2 1,170,000.00

25,600.00

3 1,195,600.00
25,600.00

4 1,221,200.00

24
 25,600.00
5 1,246,800.00

Table 7. Equation of the Proposed System

Since Marginal Cost is constant, the line is linear. Thus, we use the linear

equation

To solve for b;

25
Therefore, the equation of the Proposed System is y= .

The Break Even Point

This refers to the point of intersection between the cost of the current

system and the cost of the designed system.

Eq1: (current system)

Eq2: (proposed system)

Let Eq1 = Eq2; so,

Therefore, SOCOTECO II will have the capacity to recover the amount spent

after 2 months and 26 days.

To acquire how much cost will SOCOTECO II able to save within certain months

and we will use the integral equation shown below:

26
Eq1: (current system)

Eq2: (proposed system)

= 923,625

Therefore, SOCOTECO II will be able to save an amount of 923,625.00 PHP

within 5 months.

27
 CHAPTER IV

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The information presented below contains the result of survey and

discussion that is being conducted by the proponents as their basis to prove that

their project is really in need to both SOCOTECO II personnels and consumers.

Survey Result (SOCOTECO II Personnel)

Table 8. Survey Result (SOCOTECO II Personnel)

Yes No
Questions
% %
1. Do you agree that SMS Controlled Electric

Connection/Disconnection System should

15 88.24% 2 11.76%
be implement by SOCOTECO II of

General Santos City?

2. Do you agree that SMS Controlled Electric

Connection/Disconnection System is a

time-efficient way of 15 88.24% 2 11.76%

connecting/disconnecting the electric

connectivity in every household?

3. Do you agree that SMS Controlled Electric

Connection/Disconnection System will

15 88.24% 2 11.76%
minimize the untoward incidents that may

happen to the technical staff?

28
 4. Do you think that SMS Controlled Electric

Connection/Disconnection System will

15 88.24% 2 11.76%
provide efficient service to the clients of

SOCOTECO II of General Santos City?

Table 8. Survey Result (SOCOTECO II Personnel)

The table above shows the tabulated percentage result of the survey that

was conducted by the proponents. There were seventeen (17) respondents who

participated in the survey.

A total of fifteen (15) out of seventeen (17) respondents agreed that SMS

Controlled Electric Connection/Disconnection System should be implemented in

SOCOTECO II of General Santos City.

The same number and percentage of respondents agreed that SMS

Controlled Electric Connection/Disconnection System is a time-efficient way of

connecting/disconnecting the electric connectivity in every household; will

minimize the untoward incidents that may happen to their technical staff; and, will

provide efficient service to the clients of SOCOTECO II of General Santos City.

29
 Survey Results for SOCOTECO II Consumers

Table 9. Survey Result (SOCOTECO II Consumers)

Yes No
Questions
% %
1. If your electrical service has been

disconnected, does SOCOTECO II take a

99 96.12% 4 3.88%
long time to reconnect your electricity

after settling your bill?

2. Do you agree that using SMS to

disconnect or reconnect the electric

98 95.15% 5 4.85%
service in every household is more time

efficient?
3. Do you agree that SMS is an effective

way to remind you of your due date of 93 90.29% 10 9.71%

electrical bill?
4. Do you agree that the SMS Controlled

Electric Connection/Disconnection

System could be a great help to prevent 99 96.12% 4 3.88%

illegal reconnection of electrical service in

a household?
Table 9. Survey Result (SOCOTECO II Consumers)

30
 The table above shows the tabulated results of the survey that was

conducted. There were one hundred three (103) respondents who participated in

the survey.

Ninety-nine (99), or 96.12% of the total respondents agreed that when the

consumer electrical service has been disconnected, it takes long before

SOCOTECO II take a long time to reconnect their electricity after settling their

bill.

Ninety-eight (98) or 95.15% of the respondents agreed that using SMS to

disconnect or reconnect the electric service in every household is more time

efficient.
Ninety-three (93) or 90.29% of the respondents agreed that SMS is an

effective way to remind the consumer of their due date of electrical bill.
Ninety-nine (99) or 96.12% agreed that SMS Controlled Electric

Connection/Disconnection System will help prevent illegal reconnection of

electrical service in a household.

Graphical User Interface (GUI)

This is the Graphical User Interface (GUI) of the software control panel

design, which helps you understand more about the system and how it works.

Screen shots are provided below.

31
 Fig. ure 11. Login Form

Fig. ure 12. Auto Detect and Connect Modem Form

32
 Fig. ure 13. Home Page Form

Fig. ure 14. SMS Control Panel Form

33
Fig. ure 15. Device Feedback Message and Update Device Feedback Status Form

Fig. ure 16. Manage Consumer Form

34
Fig. ure 17. Update Consumer Duration Tab

Fig. ure 18. Activity Logs Form

35
Fig. ure 19. Activity Logs Report

Fig. ure 20. (Administrator Only) Manage Employee Information Form

Gantt Chart

36
 Henry Gantt is an American mechanical engineer who designed the Gantt

chart. A Gantt chart illustrates a project schedule in a graphical way. A Gantt

chart can be considered as a type of bar chart which presents the start and finish

dates of a series of elements of a project which involves resources, milestones,

task and dependencies. Figure 21 presents the researchers Gantt Chart.

Fig. ure 21. Gantt cChart

Task Breakdown

37
Table 10. Task Breakdown

Index Required Duration

Index ID Activity Description Predecessor (days)

A 1 Researching Proposed Project (none) 5
B 2 Data Gathering A 22
Survey and Systematizing Gathered
C 3 B 8
Data
D 4 Documenting 1,2 and 3 C 19
Researching and Order the Hardware
E 5 D 14
Materials
F 6 Creating Prototype for the Hardware E 15
Desiging and Coding System
G 7 E 20
Software
H 8 System Testing and Debugging G 29
Finalizing Hardware and Software
I 9 H 23
System Functionality
J 10 Documenting 4 and 5 I 15
Finalizing Documents for Final
K 11 J 7
Defense
Table 10. Task Breakdown

CPM/PERT Chart

The program (or project) evaluation and review technique, commonly

abbreviated PERT,the researchers used this method to analyze the task

involved in completing this project, particularly for the time needed to

complete a specific task, and for the researchers to identify the shortest

time needed for the completion of the whole project. See Figure 22.

38
CMP: A, B, C, D, E, G, H, I, J and K

Fig. ure 22. PERT Chart

Block Diagram

This presents the layout diagram of the system where a representation of

a block highlights the important parts or functions. Arrow lines were used to

connect the blocks which showed the relationship the other blocks (Figure 23).

39
 Fig. ure 23. Block Diagram

Context Diagram

A Context-Level Data-Flow Diagram or a Level-0 Data Flow Diagram is

presented in this system. Through this diagram, the researchers will be able to

illustrate how the entire system works at a glance. Context-Level DFDs shows

how the processes and external entities interact with each other (Figure 24)

Fig. 24. Context Diagram

Level 1 Data Flow Diagram

The researchers also included the Level 1 DFDs in order for them to

give an overview of the full system. In the diagram below, the major

40
processesare broken down into sub-processes. Thus, the Level 1 Data

Flow Diagram look at the system in more detailed manner (Figure 25).

Fig. 25. Level 1 Data Flow Diagram for Administrator

41
 Fig. 26. Level 1 Data Flow Diagram for Staff

System Flow Chart

System flowchart is an illustration of flows of data in a system and how

decisions are made to control events. For instance, the figure below shows the

flow for logging into the software control panel before it proceeds into the main

form. See the following figure.

42
Fig. 27. Login and Home Page

43
Fig. 28. Authorization Tab Page

44
Fig. 29. SMS Control Panel Page

45
Fig. 30. Manage Consumer Page

46
Fig. 31. Device Feedback Page

47
Fig. 32. Activity Records Page

48
Fig. 33. (Administrator) Manage Employee Page

49
 Hardware Flow Chart

Hardware flowchart depicts the flow of the hardware used in the prototype

and determine their process of its functionality. The figure below shows the flow

of the hardware used in the prototype. See Figure 34.

Fig. 34. Hardware Flow Chart

50
 Entity Relation Diagram

An Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD) is important when it comes to

creating a well-organized database design.This collection of tables has data

stored in it that presents the relationship and enables them to connect and

establish relationships with other table (Figure 35).

Fig. 35. Entity Relation Diagram

51
 Data Dictionary

A Data Dictionary is a set of information describing the contents, format,

and structure of a database and the relationship between its elements, used to

control access to and manipulate the database.

The researchers included the following tables as representations of their

database structure in this documentation to help the readers understand better

the data needed in developing this system.

Table 11. Activity Logs Table

TABLE NAME:ACTIVITY_LOGS_TBL
COLUM NAME DATATYPE KEY (NULL) LENGTH DESCRIPTION
ActLog_ID int PK NO Increment by 1
ActLog_Date datetime NO Act. Log Date
ActLog_Descriptio varchar YES 50 Act. Log Desc.

n
Act_ID int FK NO Act. Type ID
Emp_ID int FK NO Employee ID
Cons_ID varchar FK NO 15 Consumer ID

Table 12. Activity Type Table

TABLE NAME: ACTIVITY_TYPE_TBL
COLUM NAME DATATYPE KEY (NULL) LENGTH DESCRIPTION
Act_ID int PK NO Increment by 1
Act_Type varchar NO 20 Act. Type

Table 13. Authorization Type Table

TABLE NAME: AUTHORIZATIONS_TBL
COLUM NAME DATATYPE KEY (NULL) LENGTH DESCRIPTION
Auth_ID int PK NO Increment by 1
Auth_Type varchar NO 20 Auth. Type

Table 14. List of Barangay Table

TABLE NAME: BARANGAY_TBL
COLUM NAME DATATYPE KEY (NULL) LENGTH DESCRIPTION
Brgy_ID int PK NO Increment by 1
Brgy_Name varchar NO 20 Brgy. Name

52
Table 15. List of Cities Table
TABLE NAME: CITIES_TBL
COLUM NAME DATATYPE KEY (NULL) LENGTH DESCRIPTION
City_ID int PK NO Increment by 1
City_Name varchar NO 20 City Name

Table 16. Consumers Table

TABLE NAME: CONSUMERS_TBL
COLUM NAME DATATYPE KEY (NULL) LENGTH DESCRIPTION
Cons_ID varchar PK NO 15 Consumer ID
Cons_Firstname varchar NO 20 (A-Z) F-Name
Cons_MiddleInitial varchar YES 1 (A-Z) M-Initial
Cons_Lastname varchar NO 20 (A-Z) L-Name
Brgy_ID int FK NO Barangay ID
City_ID int FK NO City ID
Cons_Num1 varchar NO 11 (0-9) Contact#1
Cons_Num2 varchar NO 11 (0-9) Contact#2
Cons_Num3 varchar YES 11 (0-9) Contact#3

Table 17. Device Information Table

TABLE NAME: DEVICE_INFO_TBL
COLUM NAME DATATYPE KEY (NULL) LENGTH DESCRIPTION
Dev_ID int PK NO 15 Increment by 1
Dev_SimNumber varchar NO 11 (0-9) Device

SIM#
Dev_ConCMD nvarchar NO 50 Connect

Command
Dev_DisCMD nvarchar NO 50 Disconnect

Command
Dev_NotifCMD nvarchar NO 100 Notification

Message
Cons_ID varchar FK NO 15 Consumer ID
Sta_ID int FK NO Status ID

Table 18. Duration List TableTABLE NAME: DURATIONS_TBL

COLUM NAME DATATYPE KEY (NULL) LENGTH DESCRIPTION
Dur_ID int PK NO Increment by 1
Dur_Date datetime NO Duration Date

53
 and Time
Cons_ID varchar FK NO Consumer ID

Table 19. Employees Table

TABLE NAME: EMPLOYEES_TBL
COLUM NAME DATATYPE KEY (NULL) LENGTH DESCRIPTION
Emp_ID int PK NO Increment by 1
Emp_Firstname varchar NO 30 (A-Z) F-Name
Emp_Middleinitial varchar YES 1 (A-Z) M-Initial
Emp_Lastname varchar NO 30 (A-Z) L-Name
User_ID int FK NO User ID

Table 20. Device Status List Table

TABLE NAME: STATUS_TBL
COLUM NAME DATATYPE KEY (NULL) LENGTH DESCRIPTION
Sta_ID int PK NO Increment by 1
Sta_CStatus varchar NO 50 Device Status

Table 21. Users Table

TABLE NAME: USERS_TBL
COLUM NAME DATATYPE KEY (NULL) LENGTH DESCRIPTION
User_ID int PK NO Increment by 1
User_Username varchar NO 20 Unique

Username
User_Password varchar NO 20 User Password
Auth_ID int FK NO Authorization

ID

Circuit Diagram

Circuit diagram shows the full view of circuit layout of the hardware used

in the prototype in this project, this also show the circuit flow of the said

prototype. See Figure 36. Figure 36. Circuit Diagram

54
 CHAPTER V

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

The information below are the findings and recommendations of the

researchers:

Findings

1. The project beneficiaries of the proponents were concerned that accidents

may occur involving the linemen when performing their jobs disconnecting or

reconnecting electrical services in households.

2. The proponents also found out that the linemen hired by electric company

waste a lot of time going door-to-door in every household todisconnect or

reconnect their electrical service.

3. The proponents also found out that it takes a long time to wait for the electric

company to reconnect their electrical service upon settling their bill.

Conclusions

The following conclusions were based on the findings of the proponents:

1. The proponents concluded that their project study is a good solution that

will provide safety for the linemen hired by SOCOTECO II of General

Santos City because this will eliminate the incidents that may happen to

them in the performance of their duties disconnecting or reconnecting

electrical services of households.

2. With the use of SMS Controlled Electric Connection/Disconnection

System time consumption will be lesser since it can be done through

sending text messages and there will no longer be a need for the electric

company to hire linemen to do the task.

55
 3. The service entrance line will be secured since there will be a device

installed and it will be locked inside a box that will prevent electrical

service reconnection by unauthorized person.

4. The SMS Controlled Electric Connection/Disconnection System will also

help alert consumers of their financial obligations concerning energy

consumption.

Recommendations

The following recommendations of the researchers:

1. The future researchers should innovate our project by adding a feature to the

system that allows it toread the power consumption in every households

through SMS.
2. The future researcher should also innovate our project to make it

automatically process by itself like, informing the costumer automatically

before the due date to settletheir bill and also to automatically cut off the

electrical service once they dont settle their bill

3. The future researcher should also innovate our project by adding a feature to

the system that would eliminate the process of providing printed billing

statement to every household.

56
 REFERENCES

Abayari, Catherine A. et al (2008). Design of Home Appliance Remote Monitoring

and Switching System Using SMS. Mapua Institute of Technology,
Retrieved from: http://fs.mapua.edu.ph/MapuaLibrary/Thesis/Design%20of
%20Home%20appliance%20remote%20monitoring%20FULL%20TXT.pdf

Alcantara, Charmaine, et al (2013). Mobile Phone Graphical User Interface (GUI)

for Appliance Remote Control: An SMS-based Electronic Appliance
Monitoring and Control System. De La Salle University, Retrieved from:
http://www.dlsu.edu.ph/academics/colleges/coe/research/_files/2013/esg-
01-1213-20.asp

Bergonia, Carl Jonathan P. and Dones, Robert Ian O. (2008). Prepaid Power
Meter. Mapua Institute of Technology, Retrieved from:
http://fs.mapua.edu.ph/MapuaLibrary/Thesis/Prepaid%20Power%20Meter
%20FULL%20TXT.pdf

Chauhan, Amit, et al. (2011). SMS based Remote Control System. International
Journal of Computer Science and Management Studies, Retrieved from:
http://www.academia.edu/996031/SMS_based_Remote_Control_System.

Dhartrak, S. E., Sangle, N. S., Wagh, V. G. (2015). Development of a GSM

Based Power Control System. International Journal of Emerging
Technology and Advance Engineering, Retrieved from:
http://www.ijetae.com/files/Volume5Issue2/IJETAE_0215_98.pdf

Wahab, Mohd. Helmy Abd Wahab, et al. (2010). GSM Based Electrical Control
System for Smart Home Application. Journal of Convergence Information
Technology, Retrieved from:

http://www.academia.edu/485797/GSM_Based_Electrical_Control_Syste
m_for_Smart_Home_Application

57