GrammarSpace 1 (SB)

Student Book Supplementary Material
Introduction Review Test

Each unit opens with a simple, real-life After every four units, students will take a
conversation that shows the use of the review test. The tests will help students
units grammar points. recall what they have studied and assess
their understanding of the grammar
points.
Grammar Point
Two grammar boxes explain the main
grammar points in the unit. Simple charts
and corresponding pictures help students
clearly understand and easily grasp the
fundamental grammar structures that are
being taught. The grammar boxes are
followed by practical exercises and drills
that allow students to quickly check what
PLUS+
they have learned.
Simple tips about minor exceptions, useful Appendix
expressions, and word usage are provided More grammar rules and information are
to give students a more in-depth included at the back of the book.
understanding of the grammar points.
Midterm/Final Test
Practice The midterm and final tests allow students
Various exercises are presented to allow to evaluate their progress throughout the
students to review and reinforce each course.
units grammar points and help them
gradually expand their understanding of
the grammar rules.
Grammar for Writing

This section allows students to complete a
written passage by applying their
understanding of the key grammar points.
Each unit also includes an interesting
reading passage that incorporates the
grammar points students have learned.
Sentences, Nouns, & Articles Adjectives, Adverbs, & Modal Verbs
Unit
Parts of a Sentence Unit
Adjectives
1 Subject + Verb | Subject + Verb + Object / Complement
6 13 Common Adjectives | Demonstrative Adjectives
54
Unit
Nouns & Articles Unit
Adverbs
2 Nouns & Articles: A / An / The | Plural Nouns
10 14 Adverbs: Describing Verbs | Adverbs: Describing Adjectives or Adverbs
58
Unit
Pronouns Unit
Adjectives with Linking Verbs
3 Subject Pronouns / Object Pronouns | Demonstrative Pronouns
14 15 Linking Verbs + Adjectives | Linking Verbs vs. Action Verbs
62
Unit
Possessives Unit
Modal Verbs
4 Possessive Adjectives | Possessive Pronouns
18 16 Ability: Can | Permission: Can / May
66
Present Simple Past Simple & Future Tense

Unit
Present Simple: The Verb Be Unit
Past Simple: The Verb Be
5 Positive & Negative | Yes / No Questions
22 17 Positive & Negative | Yes / No Questions
70
Unit
Present Simple 1 Unit
Past Simple 1
6 Positive | Negative
26 18 Positive | Negative
74
Unit
Present Simple 2 Unit
Past Simple 2
7 Yes / No Questions | Frequency Adverbs
30 19 Irregular Verbs | Yes / No Questions
78
Unit
Information Questions Unit
Future
8 Information Questions with the Verb Be | Information Questions with Action Verbs
34 20 Positive & Negative | Yes / No Questions
82
Present Continuous & Prepositions Supplementary Material

Unit
Present Continuous 1 Review Tests 1 - 5 88 - 97
9 Positive | Negative
38
Appendix 98 - 100
Unit
Present Continuous 2 Midterm Test / Final Test
10 Yes / No Questions | Information Questions
42
Unit
Prepositions of Time
11 Common Prepositions | Information Questions about Time
46
Unit
Prepositions of Place
12 Common Prepositions | There is / are
50
1 Parts of a Sentence
I like animals.
They are cute.
Subject + Verb + Object/Complement
Some sentences are made up of a subject, a verb, and an object. The object is the person
or thing that receives the action of the verb.
Subject Verb Object

Subject + Verb
I like cookies.
A sentence has a subject and a verb. The subject tells who or what the sentence is about. Mike drinks milk.
The verb tells what the subject is or does. Some sentences are made up of only a subject
We watch TV.
and a verb.
Subject Verb Some sentences are made up of a subject, a verb, and a complement. The complement
describes the subject. It usually comes after the verb be.
The wind blows.
A dog barks loudly. Subject Verb Complement
Birds fly in the sky. My mother is a teacher.
They go to school. These are my classmates.

I am hungry.
A Read the underlined words and check().

Object Complement
1. Jonathan is a computer programmer.
The baby cries loudly. They smiled happily. A bird sings in a tree.
2. Jack and Andy play basketball together.
3. My brothers are lazy.
A Circle the subjects and underline the verbs. 4. Mrs. Jones wears a hat on sunny days.
1. Cindy studies hard. 5. We eat chocolate cake after dinner.
Adverbs and prepositional
2. They dance beautifully. phrases are not the main parts 6. The bed is comfortable.
of a sentence.
3. My family lives in an apartment.
The baby cries (loudly).
4. Nick and Jack worked together. A bird sings (in a tree).
5. We sleep on the bed. B Circle the verbs and write O for the objects and C for the complements.
1. The car is expensive.
B Find the missing parts in the sentences and check().
Subject Verb 2. The children speak English.
1. sings well.
3. Tony is my friend.
2. eats quickly.
4. The roses are beautiful.
3. I to school on Monday. Subjects, verbs, objects,
5. Emily makes a sandcastle. and complements are the
4. works at a bank. main parts of a sentence.
5. Annie and Julia at school. 6. The man has lunch at the restaurant.
6 Unit 1 Parts of a Sentence 7

Practice
A Read the underlined words and check(). A Choose and complete the passages about Tracy and Brian.
Subject Object Complement
1. My name is Sam. Verbs Objects Complements

2. Sally cooks dinner on Fridays.
am is smiles me Brian exciting
works practice delicious bread a tennis coach
3. The roller coaster is fun.
4. The movie is boring.
I 1 Tracy.
5. My sister wants new shoes.
My father is 2 .
6. Peter goes to the museum.
He teaches 3 on weekends.
I 4 very hard. Tennis is 5 .

B Write S , V , O , and C for the subjects, verbs, objects, and complements.
1. His name 6 7 .
Sam is in the library. S, V
He 8 at a bakery.
He reads a book.
He makes 9 .
2. Mary is smart. He always 10 .
She likes math.
3.
David is a soccer player. B Find the subjects, verbs, objects, and complements and write the numbers.
He runs fast.
Hello! My name is Dr. Bay. I am 1 a veterinarian. A
veterinarian is a doctor for animals. 2 My job is very
4.
Giraffes are tall. difficult, but I enjoy it. I 3 see different animals every day.
They eat the leaves on trees. Usually, I 4 help dogs and cats. I help 5 other animals, too,
like hamsters and lizards. 6 They come to my hospital when
they are sick. Sometimes, animals are very 7 sick. 8 Those
C Unscramble the words and write the sentences. animals come to my emergency clinic. I love 9 my job. You
1. walk / My sister / the dog / and I should visit 10 me at my animal hospital sometime!
2. live / They / in a city Subject Verb
3. a businessman / He / is Object Complement
4. sing / on the stage / We
8 Unit 1 Parts of a Sentence 9

2 Nouns & Articles
A: I have a bicycle.
B: Is the bicycle new?
Plural Nouns
We use a plural noun when there are two or more people or things.
Noun Type Singular Plural Rule

pen pens book books
Nouns & Articles: A / An / The
most nouns bike bikes girl girls + s
A noun is the name of a person, animal, place, or thing. The article a or an comes before a key keys cat cats
singular noun. potato potatoes fox foxes
nouns ending in
bus buses watch watches + es
o, x, s, ch, or sh
a + noun a lady a house a piano a story a mirror bench benches dish dishes
an animal an elevator an idea an office an umbrella baby babies candy candies
an + noun nouns ending in
An is used when a noun begins with the vowel sound a , e , i , o , or u . lady ladies story stories y ies
a consonant + y
country countries city cities
The article the comes before a singular or plural noun when we talk about a specific thing. leaf leaves wolf wolves
nouns ending in f/fe f(e) ves
wife wives knife knives
person people child children
woman women man men
irregular nouns
tooth teeth foot feet
mouse mice goose geese
There is a sandwich. Chris has two cats.
The sandwich is fresh. The cats are cute. A Write the plural forms of the nouns.
The also comes before a noun when it is the only one of something.
1. watch 2. city
the + noun the earth the sun the moon the sky the sea 3. story 4. thief
5. shoe 6. class
7. letter 8. wolf
A Write a or an before the nouns.
9. mouse 10. tie
1. computer 2. daughter
3. actor 4. student
5. island 6. egg B Complete the sentences.

Some plural nouns are the
1. bench The are brown. same as their singular forms.
B Circle the correct articles. 2. man Two are swimming.
deer deer
sheep sheep
1. Graces bag is heavy. She has many books and ( a / an / the ) umbrella in it. fish fish
3. foot My are cold.
2. They moved to a new house. They like ( a / an / the ) house.
4. toothbrush There are five in the bathroom.
3. There is a big mall near here. I went to ( a / an / the ) mall yesterday.
5. country There are many in the world.
4. Its going to rain. ( A / An / The ) sky is cloudy.
6. fish There are five in the pond.
5. Jim lost his cell phone. He needs ( a / an / the ) new cell phone.
Practice
A Complete the sentences with a , an , or the . A Tony and Lucy need to buy things for camping. Write what they need.
1. earth looks beautiful from space.
Tony needs three 1 for dinner.
2. Kelly has laptop in her bag. The laptop is new. Tonys Shopping List
He needs five 2 for the sauce.
1. fish x 3
3. Neil Armstrong walked on moon in 1969. 2. tomato x 5 He needs two 3 for cutting.
3. kitchen knife x 2
4. A chef and an assistant are in the kitchen. chef is famous. He needs 4 orange for dessert.
4. orange x 1
5. I have idea! Lets take a taxi to school.
6. Jason has a dog. dog doesnt like me.

Lucy needs four 5 for the radio.
Lucys Shopping List
She needs ten 6 for the different foods.
B Look at the pictures and complete the sentences. 1. battery x 4
2. dish x 10 She needs seven 7 for her friends.
1. 2. 3. 4. 3. chocolate bar x 7
4. alarm clock x 1 She needs 8 alarm clock for the next morning.
fox person table tomato
1. There are many in the cafeteria.
2. Two little are playing on the grass.
3. There are six in my family.

B Find the five mistakes and correct them.
4. Mom is slicing two .
Do you have 1 an closet? Look inside 2 closet. Do you have

C Complete the dialogues using the plural nouns. too many old clothes? You can take the old clothes out of your
1. A Lets make curry. First, wash the . (potato) closet and donate them. You can give them to 3 a homeless
B Okay. Give me the , too. (carrot) shelter. 4 The shelter will give the items to homeless
5 people and poor 6 childs. You can donate 7 pants,
2. A What are the following? (goose)
B They are following the . (duck)
8 shirtes, 9 dresses, or shoes. You can even donate 10 book,
a puzzle, or a piece of jewelry. Before you clean out your closet,
3. A There are many on the playground. (child)
find out where you can donate!
B They are playing with toy . (bus)
4. A Who are the ? (lady)

B They are my . (aunt)
3 Pronouns
A: Where is Amy?
B: She is in the kitchen.
C Complete the sentences.
1. I am cooking. My brother is helping .
2. The flowers are beautiful. Amy bought .
Subject Pronouns / Object Pronouns 3. Michael is speaking. Listen to .
We can use a pronoun instead of a noun. A subject pronoun replaces a subject noun.
4. My aunt lives in Tokyo. Ill meet soon.
Singular Plural 5. Jennys spaghetti is delicious. We love .

1st I am a child. We are children. 6. Mark and I played in the park. Mom watched .
2nd You are a student. You are students.
He is a doctor. They are doctors.
3 rd
She is an engineer. They are engineers. Demonstrative Pronouns
It is a dog. They are dogs.
The demonstrative pronouns, this, that, these, and those, point out which people or things
An object pronoun replaces an object noun. we are talking about.
Singular Plural near the speaker far from the speaker
1st Grandma loves me. Grandma loves us. Singular This is my sister. That is a police station.
2nd I like you. I like you. Plural These are Peters textbooks. Those are beautiful butterflies.
John calls him. John calls them.

3 rd
Mike knows her. Mike knows them.
Jane eats it. Jane eats them.
A Circle the correct subject pronouns.

This is an eraser.
1. Do you know Lisa? ( She / He ) is in my art class. These are pencils.
2. Sam and Mark are at the bus stop. ( We / They ) are waiting for the bus.
3. Mandy and I are good friends. ( You / We ) share everything.
A Look at the pictures and complete the sentences using demonstrative pronouns.
4. I am reading a book. ( It / She ) is about a pirate.
1. 2. 3. 4.
5. My brother is a healthy person. ( I / He ) exercises every day.
B Write the object pronouns for the underlined words.

1. Where is the bag? 1. is my classmate Judy.
2. Mom calls Peter and James for dinner. 2. is a new computer.
3. The man gave Julie and me some candies. 3. are my grandparents.
4. My mom talks to Ms. Brown. 4. are very tall buildings.

Practice
A Complete the sentences using subject pronouns. A Jackie writes about her family members. Complete the sentences.
1. Ms. Miller is my teacher. teaches science.
2. David and Daniel are my twin brothers. are noisy.

them she
3. Jack goes swimming on weekends. is a fast swimmer.
her he
4. There is an iguana on the rock. has a long tail. this I
5. Mia and I go to the library. study together. me him
6. The man is strong. carries heavy boxes.
1 is a photo of my family. My mom is pretty and tall.
B Complete the dialogues using subject and object pronouns. 2 likes to read. She has many books. She reads 3
1. A Where does your uncle live? in her free time. My sister likes to read, too. Sometimes, Mom reads childrens books
B lives in Italy. I visit every summer. to 4 . My dad can fix anything. One day, 5 fixed my
2. A My bag is not pretty. I dont like . radio. He also fixed my bicycle. I gave 6 a hug. 7
B Why not? is very pretty. love my family very much. And they love 8 , too.
3. A Cathy Heart is my favorite actress. is beautiful.

B I saw on TV last night.
4. A Do you know Stuart and Jenny?
B Yes, I know . are in my book club. 1 This is my family. 2 We eat healthy food every day. But
we didnt like healthy food before. My sister and I liked to
eat hamburgers and pizza. We used to eat 3 it in the school
C Write the sentences. cafeteria. Mom was worried about 4 him. 5 She doesnt
Singular Plural like junk food. Now, 6 you take healthy lunches to school.
1. These are big dishes. Dad used to eat too much meat. Now, 7 she eats a lot of
2. This is my sister. vegetables. He loves 8 them! 9 He often cooks healthy food
3. Those are new cameras. for us. Eating healthy food makes 10 his feel great!
4. Is this your bag?
5. Those are spiders.
6. Is that your friend?

4 Possessives
A: This is my room.
B: Your room is very neat. Mine is messy.
Possessive Pronouns
A possessive pronoun shows possession. It can replace a possessive adjective and its noun.
Singular Plural
1st I mine = my book we ours = our watches
Possessive Adjectives
2nd you yours = your painting you yours = your phones
A possessive adjective tells who a person, animal, place, or thing belongs to. It comes before he his = his wallet
a noun. 3rd she hers = her ring they theirs = their backpacks
it
Singular Plural
1st I my I love my sister. we our Mr. Evans is our teacher.
2nd you your Lets play in your room. you your Where is your school?
he his He lost his hat.
The kids play with their
3rd she her Jenny washed her blouse. they their
friends.
it its The cat cleans its fur.
This is my bicycle. That is her camera. They hold their trophy.

The bicycle is mine. The camera is hers. The trophy is theirs.
We use whose to ask about who something belongs to.

Question Whose bag is this?
Answer Its mine.
Ms. Emerson met my parents. This is her laptop. Their car is new.
A Write the correct possessive pronouns.

Write the nouns with the possessive adjectives. 1. your bed 2. our flowers
1. you / a computer 2. he / a camera 3. their house 4. my money
3. they / umbrellas 4. we / hands 5. his coat 6. your desk
5. she / the piano 6. I / the watch 7. my gloves 8. her glasses
7. it / a paw 8. he / letters
B Complete the dialogues.

Complete the sentences using possessive adjectives. 1. A Whose dress is this? B Its . (I)
1. Susan and Mary go to school. school is around the corner. 2. A Whose ring is it? B Its . (she)
2. I have a dog. I play with dog every day. 3. A Whose hat is that? B Its . (you)
3. The rabbit is white. eyes are red. 4. A Whose robots are these? B They are . (we)
4. Kate is a good student. parents are proud of her. 5. A Whose socks are those? B They are . (he)
5. Sam works at a bank. He loves 6. A Whose balls are these? B They are . (they)
Practice
A Complete the sentences using the possessive adjectives and pronouns. A The children are at the lost and found. Complete the sentences.
1. you This is cup. This is .
Emily Nick I
2. they These are magazines. These are . a watch a skateboard glasses
3. she Those are sandwiches. Those are . Lost items a pink notebook a dictionary a jacket
a hairpin a cap a pencil case
4. I garden is beautiful. is beautiful.
5. we classroom is large. is large. Emily found 1 watch there. The pink notebook is 2 ,
6. he legs are long. are long. too. But 3 hairpin isnt there.
Nick found 4 skateboard. The dictionary is 5 , too.
B Complete the dialogues using the possessive adjectives and pronouns. But 6 cap isnt there.
1. A Is this umbrella yours or ? (he)

I found 7 glasses. The jacket is 8 , too. But
B Its mine. He left umbrella at home. (he)
9 pencil case isnt there.
2. A Whose car is it? Is it car? (she)
B Yes, its . (she)
3. A Sarah, can I borrow dictionary? (you)

B Sure. You can use . (I)
4. A Mom, which is new house? (we)
There are many classrooms in 1 mine school. But
B The red house is . (we)
there are other places, too.
I often hurt myself at school. Luckily, 2 my school
has a nurse. She is in 3 his office. The medical
C Complete the sentences using the possessive adjectives and pronouns.
supplies are all 4 hers. She is always kind.
I The sandwich is mine. My sandwich is delicious.
5 My school has a cafeteria. I go there and buy
1. we Those bags are . bags are big and heavy. some food. Jack and Paul are 6 my friends. They share 7 they food with me. I share
2. he This computer is . computer is new. 8 my, too. The science lab in 9 my school has many types of equipment. We use the
3. she The necklace is . necklace is expensive. equipment, but it isnt 10 our. So we use it carefully.
4. they The bikes are . bikes are red.
5. you Is this phone ? It looks like phone.

5 Present Simple: The Verb Be
A: Is your brother a pilot?
B: No, he isnt. He is a flight attendant.
Yes/No Questions
To make a yes/no question, place the verb be before the subject.
Statement They are neighbors.

Positive & Negative
Question Are they neighbors?
The verb be tells who or what the subject is. It also tells how or where the subject is. Answer Yes, they are.
Positive Negative
I am Im I am not Im not
Question Answer
You are Youre You are not You arent
Am I Yes, you are. No, you arent.
He Hes He He
Are you Yes, I am. No, Im not.
She is Shes She is not She isnt
It Its It It he/she/it tall? Yes, he/she/it is. No, he/she/it isnt.
Is
We Were We We Jenny Yes, she is. No, she isnt.
You are Youre You are not You arent we/you / they Yes, you/we/they are. No, you/we/they arent.
Are
They Theyre They They Jack and Paul Yes, they are. No, they arent.
A Complete the dialogues.

1. A busy all the time? B Yes, he is.
2. A a fun movie? B Yes, it is.

I am a pilot. The buildings are tall. Nick is in the hospital.
3. A worried about Jake? B No, they arent.
4. A from South Africa? B No, she isnt.
A Circle the correct words. 5. A at school? B Yes, I am.

1. You ( am / are / is ) very smart! 2. He ( am / are / is ) my English teacher.
3. They ( am / are / is ) famous singers. 4. We ( am / are / is ) good at cooking.
B Look at the pictures and complete the dialogues.
5. I ( am / are / is ) nervous now. 6. She ( am / are / is ) 12 years old.
1. 2. 3. 4.
B Complete the negative sentences using the short forms.

1. They are in the cafeteria. in the cafeteria.
2. The milk is fresh. fresh. 1. A Is it a kangaroo? B , it .
3. Tom is in the library. in the library. 2. A Are you twins? B , we .
4. The books are boring. boring. 3. A Are they ballerinas? B , they .
5. We are interested in science. interested in science. 4. A Is John happy? B , he .

Practice
A Look at the pictures and complete the sentences. A Joe talks about himself and his friends around the world. Complete the sentences.
1. 2. 3. 4.
My name is Joe. I am from Canada. Her name is Alisa. 3
1 14 years old. My hobby from Russia. 4 13 years

2 taking pictures. old. Her hobby is knitting.
1. The boys excited. They sad.
2. Neil good at history. He good at math.

Canada Russia
3. We firefighters. We police officers.
4. I hungry. I full now.

Egypt
Brazil
B Write the sentences using the verb be .

1. your sister / a tennis player His name is Martin. 5 They are Haji and Mut. 7
2. the story / interesting from Brazil. He is 13 years old. His from Egypt. 8 12 years
3. Paul and James / at the mall hobby 6 dancing. old. Their hobby is playing soccer together.
4. Mr. Jones / friendly
5. Janet / on the bus

6. lions / scary
1 Are you a student in your country? Of course 2 you are! But
in Kenya, many 3 young girls isnt students. Kenyan girls dont
C Complete the dialogues. usually go to school. They 4 are worker. 5 Schools are only for
1. A absent? boys. This 6 are a big problem. Many organizations around the
B Yes, she is. in the hospital now. world think so, too. Now, 7 these organizations is working to
change things. They send people to Kenya. Some people 8 are
2. A late? We missed the bus.
builders. They build schools there. Some 9 people is teachers.
B No, you . The class starts at nine oclock.
They teach girls at the schools. Now, more Kenyan girls 10 are
3. A your classmate?
students just like you.
B No, he isnt. in the sixth grade.
4. A ready for the science exam?

B No, . Science is difficult for me.
6 Present Simple 1
A: I dont eat breakfast.
B: Really? I eat cereal for breakfast every day.
B Complete the sentences.
1. wash He the dishes after dinner.
2. cry My little sister all the time.
Positive 3. study She math very hard.
The present simple tells about facts and habits. When the subject is the third-person 4. have Justin a special talent.
singular, we add s or es to the verb.
5. go The moon around the earth.
Subject Verb
I / You / We / They
My cousins
live Negative
in Australia.
He / She / It To make a negative sentence, place do not or does not before the base form of the verb.
lives
My cousin
Subject Verb
I / You / We / They
dont live
My cousins
in Australia.
He / She / It
doesnt live
My cousin
Cheetahs run fast. She brushes her teeth three times a day. Positive I like soccer. She likes baseball.
Negative I dont like soccer. She doesnt like baseball.
Spelling rules for the third-person singular
Verb Type Base Form Third-person Singular Rule
most verbs
eat read eats reads
+ -s A Circle the correct words.
like speak likes speaks
watch wash watches washes
1. She ( dont / doesnt ) have a younger sister.
verbs ending in -ch , -sh , -s , -x + -es
pass fix passes fixes 2. They ( dont / doesnt ) watch TV on weekends.
study cry studies cries
verbs ending in a consonant + -y -y -ies 3. Penguins ( dont / doesnt ) fly.
f ly try flies tries
verbs ending in a vowel + -y play stay plays stays + -s 4. Kate ( dont / doesnt ) eat anything at night.
5. It ( dont / doesnt ) snow very much in Africa.
B Complete the negative sentences.

A Circle the correct words.
1. She fixes computers. computers.
1. He ( teach / teaches ) English in Korea.
2. Mr. Hales likes playing golf. playing golf.
2. I ( speak / speaks ) French.
ome verbs change irregularly
S
3. They ( eat / eats ) turkey on Christmas Day. when the subject is third-person 3. Mark has a cell phone. a cell phone.
singular.
4. She ( go / goes ) jogging every Sunday. have has do does 4. Jay and I go jogging together. jogging together.
5. Bats ( sleep / sleeps ) during the day. 5. Mom gets up early on Sundays. early on Sundays.
Practice
A Look at the pictures and complete the sentences. A Look at the table about everyones eating habits. Complete the sentences.
1. 2. 3. 4.
study give teach wear
1. She math at an elementary school.
2. Max Chinese every morning.
3. Santa gifts to children on Christmas Eve. I 1 vegetables. But Rachel and Jeremy 2 vegetables.
4. The children costumes on Halloween. Rachel and I 3 slowly. But Jeremy 4 slowly.
Jeremy 5 a lot of water. But Rachel and I 6 a lot
of water. Rachel 7 breakfast. But Jeremy and I 8

B Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences.
breakfast.
1. Chloe eats not vegetables.
2. The bus come every ten minutes.
3. They not raise pets in their house.
4. Tracy doesnt has music class on Fridays. B Find the five mistakes and correct them.
5. Jason always try his best.
Some cities 1 has a White Nights Festival. Why is it
6. Rabbits doesnt eat meat.
called a White Nights Festival? 2 The sun sets late and
3 rises early, so it isnt dark at night. 4 It stay light
outside all night long! 5 This happens in June in some
C Complete the sentences. northern countries. 6 People loves this festival in Russia.
like I like chocolate. But I dont like candy. During the festival, 7 they enjoy art and music. 8 They
1. play I the violin. But I the guitar. talk and dance, too. Also, 9 they shares food and drinks.
Often, they 10 doesnt leave the festival until the following
2. have The girl a turtle. But she a dog.
day. It is the biggest festival in the country..
3. go My father hiking. But he fishing.
4. take Tom and May pictures in the park.

But they pictures at home.
7 Present Simple 2
A: Do you like fast food?
B: No, I dont. I never eat hamburgers.
Frequency Adverbs
Frequency adverbs, such as never, sometimes, often, usually, and always, show how often
something happens.
never sometimes often usually always
Yes/No Questions
0% 100%
To make a yes/no question in the present simple, place do or does before the subject.
Frequency adverbs usually come after the verb be and before action verbs.
Question Answer
Frequency Frequency Action
I Yes, you do. No, you dont. Subject Be Subject
Adverb Adverb Verb
Do you Yes, I do. No, I dont. never never
eat carrots? sometimes sometimes
we / you / they Yes, you/we/they do. No, you/we/they dont.
Alex is often late for school. Alex often gets up early.
Does he / she / it Yes, he/she/it does. No, he/she/it doesnt. usually usually
always always
A Choose and complete the sentences.

always usually never sometimes
A: Does she play badminton every day? A: Do they take a bus to school? 1. My parents cook dinner together every day.
B: Yes, she does. B: No, they dont.
My parents cook dinner together.
2. Anne doesnt play the piano at home.

A Complete the questions.
Anne plays the piano at home.
1. We bake cookies at Christmas. you cookies at Christmas?
3. She is late for school twice a week.
2. The computer works well. the computer well?
She is late for school. Never makes a sentence
3. Sarah and Tim have breakfast. Sarah and Tim breakfast? negative without not.
4. He reads the newspaper on weekdays. He doesnt eat carrots.
4. The dog runs fast. the dog fast? = He never eats carrots.
He reads the newspaper.
5. They watch a movie on Sundays. they a movie on Sundays?
B Check() the correct places for the frequency adverbs.

B Circle the correct words and complete the answers.
1. A ( Do / Does ) the cat sleep on the sofa? B No, . 1. sometimes We 1 eat out 2 for dinner.
2. A ( Do / Does ) you have enough time? B Yes, . 2. never Ben 1 breaks 2 his promises.
3. A ( Do / Does ) they live in this town? B No, . 3. usually I 1 take 2 a shower in the morning.
4. A ( Do / Does ) she wear a uniform at work? B Yes, . 4. always Celine 1 is 2 nice to her friends.
Practice
A Complete the questions in the present simple. A Look at the table about Kimberlys behavior at school. Complete the sentences.
1. you / have a good idea? never sometimes often usually always
2. Kelly / know your phone number? Q1. study hard

Q2. be late for school
3. they / live with their grandparents?
Q3. get along with classmates
4. your father / teach English at a high school? Q4. do homework
Q5. run in the hallway
Q6. fall asleep in class
B Look at the table and complete the dialogues.
Mike Jim Mary Kimberly 1 hard. But she 2 late for
listen to rock music
school. She 3 along with her classmates. She is nice to new
play computer games
students, too. She 4 her homework. She 5
watch TV
in the hallway. She doesnt chat in class, either. But she 6
1. A Mike listen to rock music?
asleep in class. Does she stay up late? Maybe she needs to go to bed earlier.
B , .
2. A Jim and Mary listen to rock music?

B , .
3. A Mike and Jim play computer games?

B , . B Find the five mistakes and correct them.
4. A Mary watch TV?

1 Does you have a busy schedule? 2 Do you go to bed late?
B , .
Do you 3 often worry? 4 Do you has a problem focusing
5. A Mike and Jim watch TV? in class? If your answers are 5 Yes, I dont, then you
B , are stressed. Stress 6 often causes headaches. It 7 causes
sometimes illness. It happens when you have too many
C Rewrite the sentences using the frequency adverbs. problems or challenges in your life. Laura used to get stressed.
1. The streets are crowded here. (often) Now she has changed her lifestyle. I 8 never plan too many
2. I eat sushi at this restaurant. (always) things. I 9 always get enough sleep. I 10 exercise usually in
3. It is warm in Florida. (usually) the evening. And I dont worry too much, she said.
4. Mom cooks Italian food. (often)
5. It doesnt snow in Sydney. (never)

8 Information uestions
A: What is your best friends name?
B: Her name is Jennifer.
Information Questions with Action Verbs
To make an information question, place what or where at the beginning of a sentence.
Question Answer
Yes/No Do you like chocolate? Yes, I do. No, I dont.
Information Questions with the Verb Be Question Does she live in Canada? Yes, she does. No, she doesnt.
do you I like chocolate.
Information questions ask for information. What asks about things, and where asks about What like?
Information does she She likes chocolate.
places. They come at the beginning of a sentence.
Question do you I live in Canada.
Where live?
Question Answer does she She lives in Canada.
Yes/No Is it a textbook? Yes, it is. No, it isnt.
Question Are they in the park? Yes, they are. No, they arent.
is it? It is a textbook.
What
Information are they? They are textbooks.
Question is she? She is in the park.
Where
are they? They are at the beach.
A: What does he cook? A: Where do they swim ?

B: He cooks pasta. B: They swim in the river.
A Complete the questions using what or where .

A: What is it? A: Where is Mom? 1. A he study after school? B He studies in the library.
B: It is an apple pie. B: She is in the kitchen.
2. A they do on weekends? B They clean their house.
3. A you eat for breakfast? B I eat toast and cereal.

A Match the questions with the correct answers. 4. A your uncle live? B He lives in Seattle.
1. Are you good at sports? It is volleyball.
5. A Sharon want for Christmas? B She wants a computer.
2. What is your favorite sport? Yes, she is.
3. Is she a new student? No, Im not.
4. What is her name? Her name is Julia.
B Complete the questions with what or where . 1. A do they go after work?
1. A is the aquarium? B It is in Newport. B They to a restaurant.
2. A are the purple fruits? B They are plums. 2. A do we need for camping?
3. A is his job? B He is a reporter. B We a tent and a cooking set.
4. A are they from? B They are from Italy. 3. A does Mr. Brown teach English?
5. A is the title of the book? B It is Animal Farm . B He at Brooklyn Elementary School.
34 Unit 8 Information Questions 35

Practice
A Complete the dialogues. A Here is an interview with a singer Brian Hunt. Complete the interview.
1. A ? (your favorite movie)
Q 1 your studio?
B Its Monsters, Inc .
A It is near my house.
2. A ? (his car)
Q 2 you do before a concert?
B Its in his garage.
A I go for a walk and then I relax backstage.
3. A ? (Mia / want)
Q 3 you make your songs?
B She wants a skateboard.
A I usually make songs at the park.
4. A ? (your grandparents / live)
Q 4 your favorite song?
B They live in Thailand.
A My favorite song is My Way. Its a beautiful song.
B Complete the information questions.

1. The present is a pink skirt. What ?
2. He is in the hotel room. Where ?
3. The scissors are on the desk. Where ? 1 What are the Paralympic Games? 2 The Paralympic
4. Janet goes to the gym. Where ? games are like the Olympic Games. But all the athletes
5. The students do origami. What ? have physical disabilities. Sanne Bakker is a volleyball
player on the Netherlands sitting volleyball team.
C Look at the table and complete the dialogues. Here is an interview with her.
Name City Job Hobby Interviewer: 3 What are your position?

Sophie New York a French teacher cooking Sanne: 4 My position is libero.
Kate Seattle a reporter drawing cartoons
Interviewer: 5 What is a libero do?
Lisa Chicago a chef playing guitar
Sanne: 6 A libero play defense and passes the ball to the other players.
1. A
does live? B She lives in New York. Interviewer: 7 What does your team practice?
2. A is s job? B She is a chef. Sanne: 8 We practice on a special court for sitting volleyball.
3. A is s hobby? B Her hobby is drawing cartoons. Interviewer: 9 Where is your greatest achievement?
4. A Where does Lisa live? B She in . Sanne: 10 I won a bronze medal at the 2012 Paralympic Games in London.
5. A What is Kates job? B She is .
6. A What is Sophies hobby? B Her hobby is .

9 Present Continuous 1
A: What are you doing now?
B: Im watching the birds in the tree.
B Complete the sentences in the present continuous.
1. jog I around the park.
2. play Mom and Dad badminton.
Positive 3. practice We the piano in the music room.
The present continuous tells about actions happening right now or around now. It uses the 4. sit Brian next to me.
form verb be + verb ing.
Subject Be Verb ing C Complete the sentences in the present continuous.

I am 1. I drink milk in the morning. I milk now.
He / She / It / Jenny is studying math.
2. Timothy takes pictures every Saturday. He pictures now.
You / We / They / Jenny and Paul are
3. They visit their aunt every year. They their aunt now.
4. He talks on the phone every night. He on the phone now.
Negative
To make a negative sentence, place not after the verb be.
I am eating lunch now. She is playing the piano.
Subject Be Not Verb -ing
Spelling rules for the present continuous
I am
Verb Type Base Form Present Continuous Rule
He / She / It / Jenny is not cleaning the room.
go walk going walking
You / We / They / Jenny and Paul are
most verbs study say studying saying + ing
play eat playing eating * isnt = is not / arent = are not
come take coming taking

verbs ending in e -e ing
make live making living
verbs ending in sit cut sitting cutting double consonant
a vowel + a consonant run swim running swimming + ing
A Write the ing forms of the verbs. He isnt sleeping.
1. learn 2. ride
3. shop 4. smile A Complete the negative sentences in the present continuous.
5. clean 6. do 1. write I an email to Beth.
7. hit 8. dance 2. pack Mr. Moore his suitcase now.
9. watch 10. run 3. look for Kelly her new shoes.
4. surf We the Internet.

Practice
A Complete the sentences in the present simple or present continuous. A Lucys family is cleaning the house. Write about what each person is doing.
1. run They in the playground every morning. Grandma 1 the windows.
They now. Mom 2 the windows.
2. make My father furniture on Saturdays.
He now.
Josh and I 3 the floor.
3. climb Alex and Jim the mountain every weekend.
Dad 4 the floor.
They now.
4. go Kate to dance class every day.

Mom 5 the dishes.
She now.
Josh and I 6 the dishes.
B Look at the pictures and complete the sentences in the present continuous.
Dad 7 the flowers.
1. 2. 3. 4.
Grandma 8 the flowers.
wait practice feed cut

1. She the cake. She meat.
1 I am reading a book about sleeping positions. It says our
2. I the dog. I the cat.
sleeping positions tell us about our personalities. 2 I looking
3. We for the bus. We for a taxi.
at my family. 3 They is sleeping. 4 My mother is sleeps in
4. Mr. Hales tennis. He golf.
the baby position. That means she is a strong person. Its true.
5 She always takes care of our family. 6 My father is sleeping
C Write the sentences in the present continuous. in a different position. 7 He is sleeping in a straight position.
1. I / not / wear glasses today That means he is easygoing. This is also true. 8 He smiles all
the time. 9 My brother sleeping in the free-fall position. 10 He
2. Mr. Brown / not / talk on the phone now
is snore, too. That means he is brave. This is true, too. He catches cockroaches for me.
3. They / not / stay in the U.S. these days
4. Denny / not / work out at the gym now
5. She / not / swim fast now

10 Present Continuous 2
A: Are you reading a magazine?
B: No, Im not. Im reading a sciencefiction book.
Information Questions
To make an information question, place what or where at the beginning of a sentence.
Question Answer
Yes/No Is she Yes, she is. No, she isnt.
Yes/No Questions Question Are they
making a snowman?
Yes, they are. No, they arent.
To make a yes/no question in the present continuous, place the verb be before the subject. is she Shes making a snowman.
What making?
Information are they Theyre making a snowman.
Question Answer Question is she Shes making it in the park.
Where making a snowman?
Am I Yes, you are. No, you arent. are they Theyre making it in the park.
Are you Yes, I am. No, Im not.

he/she/it doing well? Yes, he/she/it is. No, he/she/it isnt.
Is
Jenny Yes, she is. No, she isnt.
we/you/they Yes, you/we/they are. No, you/we/they arent.
Are
Jack and Paul Yes, they are. No, they arent.
A: What is she writing? A: Where are they eating sandwiches?

B: She is writing a letter. B: They are eating sandwiches on the grass.
A Complete the information questions.

A: Is she reading a newspaper? A: Are they wearing a school uniform?
B: Yes, she is. B: No, they arent. 1. A you cooking today?
B Im cooking noodles.
A Complete the questions in the present continuous. 2. A Alex playing basketball?

1. they / learn English these days? B He is playing basketball in the gym.
2. Dad / cook in the kitchen? 3. A they swimming?

3. Danny and Kelly / study in the library? B Theyre swimming at the beach.
4. Megan / sleep in her room? 4. A Tina doing?

B She is drying her hair.
B Choose and complete the questions in the present continuous.
drive solve carry wash
B Match the questions with the correct answers.
1. A a box? B Yes, he is. 1. What are you eating for lunch? Im eating chicken salad.
2. A a truck? B No, she isnt. 2. Where is Sam studying? Were looking for Johns hamster.
3. A their hands? B Yes, they are. 3. What are you looking for? Theyre sleeping in the motor home.
4. A a math problem? 4. Where are they sleeping? Hes studying in his room.
Practice
A Complete the questions in the present continuous. A Mrs. Watts is asking her robot about her children. Complete the dialogue.
1. take he a nap now? what (x2) is (x2) where in her room

in the living room listening to music talking on the phone
2. meet she Sophie now?
3. talk they about the weather now? A 1 Mark studying?
4. fix you the radio now? B No, he isnt.
A 2 is he doing?
B He is 3 .
B Look at the pictures and complete the dialogues.
A 4 is he listening to music?
1. 2. 3. 4.
B He is listening to music 5 .
A 6 Jenny in the living room, too?
B No, she isnt. She is 7 .
bark make run stay A 8 is she doing?
1. A Jenny a paper boat? B , . B She is 9 .
2. A
the dog loudly? B , .
3. A she on the track? B , .

4. A they at a hotel? B , .
Reporter: Hello, Susan. 1 Are you haveing fun?
Susan: 2 Yes, I am.
C Complete the dialogues using what or where .
Reporter: 3 Are you doing at Disneyland?
eat A What are you eating? B Im eating chocolate.
Susan: 4 Im riding the rides.
1. write A Jack ? Reporter: 5 Are your friends riding the rides with you?
B a Christmas card to his cousin. Susan: 6 No, he isnt. They are watching the parade.
Reporter: 7 What are you enjoying the most?
2. sing A Mom ?
B in the kitchen. Susan: 8 Im enjoying everything. I love everything here.
Reporter: 9 Where are your parents doing?
3. catch A they ?
Susan: 10 They taking pictures of me..
B grasshoppers.
4. ride A Julie her bicycle?

B her bicycle in the park.
11 Prepositions of Time
A: What time does your class end?
B: It ends at 4:30.
Information Questions about Time
The question words when and what time ask for information about time. What time asks
for the specific time of an event.
Question Answer
Common Prepositions
Yes/No Do you Yes, I do. No, I dont.
exercise?
Prepositions of time tell when events happen. Question Does she Yes, she does. No, she doesnt.
do you I exercise on Sunday.
+ time I meet John at 9:30. When exercise?
at Information does she She exercises on Sunday.
+ noon/night/midnight She writes letters at night.
Question do you I exercise at 9 a.m.
+ day Do you work on Monday? What time exercise?
does he He exercises at 9 a.m.
on + date The test is on April 15.
+ holiday We always have a party on New Years Day.
+ the period of the day She wakes up early in the morning.
+ month My birthday is in March.
in
+ season Eric climbs the mountain in fall.
+ year Sally was born in 2002.
A: When is the test? A: What time does the shop open?

B: Its on June 15. B: It opens at 11 a.m.
A Match the questions with the correct answers.

It is dark at midnight. I feel happy on Christmas Day. The weather is cold in winter. 1. When does Mr. Smith play golf? We surf the Internet at night.
2. What time does the soccer match start? I wake up at 6:30 a.m.
3. When do you surf the Internet? It starts at 8 p.m.
A Circle the correct prepositions. Circle X if a preposition is not needed.
4. What time do you wake up? He plays golf on Friday.
1. My father gives flowers to my mother ( at / on / in ) Valentines Day.
2. The Olympics were held in London ( at / on / in ) 2012.
3. The baseball game is on TV ( at / on / X ) today. B Look at the pictures and complete the dialogues with when or what time .
4. This semester ends ( at / on / in ) June 30. 1. 2. 3. 4.
5. My family always eats out ( at / on / in ) Friday.
6. My favorite TV show starts ( at / in / X ) seven oclock.
1. A do they go skiing? B They go skiing in winter.

B Write the correct prepositions.
2. A does the bakery close? B It closes at 7 p.m.
1. December 2. Mothers Day
3. A does she take violin lessons? B She takes them on Tuesdays.
3. September 11 4. 6:30 p.m.
4. A do you eat lunch? B We eat lunch at 12.
5. the evening 6. night
Practice
A Look at Jacks schedule and answer the questions. A Look at Karens weekly schedule and complete the sentences.
November Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun
Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun December 28 December 29 December 30 December 31 January 1 January 2 January 3
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 6 p.m. 5:30 p.m. Soccer match buy a birthday New Years 7 p.m. afternoon
final exam go swimming Thanksgiving go shopping violin lesson meet Jenny gift for Mom Day go out for visit
5 p.m. visit aunt at the ticket Moms birthday dinner with Grandmas
28 29 30 31 office my family house
go swimming
5 p.m. Karen takes violin lessons 1 . The soccer match is
date
1. A When is Jacks final exam? B It is . 2 . So, on Tuesday, she meets Jenny 3
date
day time
2. A When is Thanksgiving Day? B It is .
month and they buy tickets together. 4 , Karen buys a birthday gift
3. A When does he go shopping?
B He goes shopping . day
day for her mom. Her moms birthday is 5 . Her family goes out
4. A What time does he go swimming?
B He goes swimming . holiday
time for dinner 6 . On Sunday, she visits her grandmas house
5. A When does he visit his aunt?
B He visits her Day. date
holiday
7 .
afternoon time
B Write the information questions using the words.
1. when / owls / hunt
2. what time / the flight / leave
3. what time / the movie / start Facebook and Twitter are famous social media websites. People
4. when / they / clean the house can use them 1 at any time to share their interests with others.
It is a great way to talk to others, but social media can be
C Complete the dialogues. dangerous. For example, Paul puts his schedule on Facebook
1. A the exhibition end? 2 in night. Many people can see it. Paul has a test 3 in the
B It ends July 1st. afternoon, so he goes to the library 4 at the morning. He

meets Jackie 5 on four oclock. His birthday is 6 on Friday.
2. A the school bus come?
He has a birthday party 7 at his birthday. He goes on a picnic
B It comes eight oclock.
8 on April. Anyone can find out what Paul does 9 at different times and 10 on different
3. A Mrs. Nelson have tea?
days. This is why its best to limit personal
son information on social media.
B She has tea the morning.
4. A you eat lunch?

B I eat lunch 12:30 p.m.
12 Prepositions of Place
A: There is a textbook on the desk. Is it yours?
B: No, it isnt. Mine is next to my bag.
B Look at the picture and complete the sentences.
1. The picture frame is the cabinet.
2. The fish bowl is the vases.
Common Prepositions 3. The cat is the fish bowl.
Prepositions of place tell where things are located or something happens.

4. The apples are the basket.
5. Some magazines are the table.
There is /are
To say that something exists somewhere, we use there is or there are. We use there is with
in on under above a singular noun and there are with a plural noun.
Positive Negative
There is a book on the desk. There isnt a book on the desk.
There are books on the desk. There arent books on the desk.
in front of behind next to between A and B Question Answer

Is there a pen on the desk? Yes, there is. No, there isnt.
in / on / under
above / in front of the box. Are there pens on the desk? Yes, there are. No, there arent.
The monkey is behind / next to
between the box and the ball.

1. ( There is / There are ) many people in the mall.
A Look at the pictures and complete the sentences. 2. ( There is / There are ) a banana on the plate.
1. 2. 3. 4. 3. ( There is / There are ) many apartments in Seoul.

4. ( There is / There are ) a bicycle between the cars.
5. ( There is / There are ) a lake in the park.
6. ( There is / There are ) some paintings on the wall.
B Complete the dialogues using there is /are .

1. The kittens are the curtain.
1. A an apple in the fridge? B Yes, .
2. Look at the balloons the tree.
2. A some birds on the roof? B No, .
3. Isabel is hiding the closet.
3. A movie tickets on the table? B No, .
4. The bus is the road.
4. A a fire station in your town? B Yes, .
Practice
A Look at the pictures and complete the dialogues. A This is an advertisement for a house that is for sale. Complete the advertisement.
1. 2. 3. 4.
1 a nice and clean house
for sale. 2 three bedrooms,

two bathrooms, a kitchen, and a living room in
between behind above next to the house. The kitchen is 3
1. A Where is the airplane? B Its the clouds. bedroom 1 and bedroom 2. There is a bakery
2. A Where is Finland? B Its Sweden and Russia. 4 the house. Also, a large
3. A Where is the trash can? B Its the vending machine. park is 5 the house.
4. A Where is the girl? B Shes her mother. There is a big tree in the park. A swing is
6 the big tree. Please call
047-055-9078 for more information about the
B Complete the answers with there is /are . house.
Q Whats in Pauls backpack?
1. a pencil case. 2. a lunch box.
3. three textbooks. 4. two notebooks.
5. a digital camera. 6. paint brushes.

B Look at the pictures and correct the five mistakes.
This is my desk. On my desk, I have many things.

C Complete the dialogues. 1 There are pencils 2 under a cup. They are
1. A a pumpkin pie in the oven? 3 next to my computer monitor. I have glue,
B No, there isnt. a chocolate cake in the oven. scissors, and a stapler 4 behind my computer.
2. A some books under the bed? 5 There are a trash can 6 on my desk, so I can
B No, there arent. some boxes under the bed. easily throw things away. 7 Next to the trash can,
3. A a bakery in front of the school? there is a thick dictionary. There is a shelf 8 above my desk. I have two flower pots on
the shelf. 9 There is a few books 10 between the flower pots.
B No, there isnt. a bookstore in front of the school.
4. A many flowers in the park?

B No, there arent. many trees in the park.
13 Adjectives
A: Is that an interesting book?
B: Yes, it is. This book is interesting and fun, too.
B Check() the correct places for the adjectives.
1. dangerous Lauras 1 black 2 dog 3 is 4 .
2. large They 1 live 2 in 3 a 4 house 5 .
Common Adjectives 3. dry I 1 only 2 have 3 two 4 shirts 5 .
An adjective describes the subject when it comes after the verb be. It also describes a noun 4. hard She 1 doesnt 2 like 3 her 4 pillow 5 .
when it comes before the noun.
5. short The 1 boy 2 over there 3 is 4 Joshua 5 .
He is hungry.
C Rewrite the sentences using the underlined adjectives.
1. He is a poor man. The man .
He is a hungry boy.
2. They are heavy suitcases. The suitcases .
Common adjectives 3. There are ten difficult questions. The ten questions .
old new / young big / large small / little easy difficult 4. It is a long skirt. The skirt .
cold hot short tall / long safe dangerous
good bad heavy light soft hard 5. This is a boring movie. This movie .
clean dirty interesting boring dark bright
quiet noisy thick thin slow fast
poor rich strong weak hungry full
early late dry wet cheap expensive Demonstrative Adjectives
The demonstrative adjectives, this, that, these, and those, are used before nouns to point
out which people or things we are talking about.
near the speaker far from the speaker

Singular This shirt is mine. That cat is fast.
Plural These letters are from Kate. Those people are kind.
The dog is dirty. His clothes are wet. She is strong.
It is a dirty dog. He is wearing wet clothes. She is a strong woman.
A Look at the pictures and circle the correct words.
1. 2. 3. 4.
A Match the adjectives with their opposite meanings.
1. soft early 7. cheap heavy
2. ugly quiet 8. safe clean
3. noisy hard 9. thick dangerous 1. ( This / That / These / Those ) dress is expensive.
4. late large 10. dirty expensive 2. My sister likes ( this / that / these / those ) dolls.
5. bright pretty 11. light dry 3. ( This / That / These / Those ) car is Mr. Browns.
6. little dark 12. wet thin 4. Can I borrow ( this / that / these / those ) books?
Practice
A Choose and complete the sentences. A Look at Mikes profile and describe him.
bright thin expensive clean rich Age: 13 years old

Appearance: Hair - brown / Face - round / Eyes - big
1. A Is Mr. Pullman a poor man? Personality: kind / easygoing
Interest: insects
B No, he isnt. He is a(n) . Hobby: raising ants (black and red)
Mike Chen Dream: becoming a great scientist / writing books about insects
2. A Are your shoes dirty?
B No, they arent. Theyre .
This is Mike Chen. He is a 13-year-old boy. His hair is 1 . He has
3. A Do you want thick pancakes?
a 2 face and 3 eyes. He is 4 and
B No, I dont. I want .
5 . He is interested in insects. He raises 6 and
4. A Does Michael have a cheap watch?
7 ants in a plastic box. He wants to be a 8 scientist
B No, he doesnt. He has a(n) .
like Jean-Henri Fabre. He also wants to write books about insects.
5. A Do you like dark colors?
B No, I dont. I like .
B Find the five mistakes and replace them with the words in the box.
B Rewrite the sentences using the adjectives.
black colorful poisonous pretty special
1. Henry is a runner. (fast)
2. I like chicken wings. (spicy) Some people dont like insects because they are 1 ugly
3. There are flowers. (beautiful) and some of them bite people. However, most people like
4. There is a pond in the park. (deep) ladybugs. As you can tell by the name ladybug, they are small
5. Emma wears glasses at school. (thick) and 2 scary. Their wings are very 3 dark. They are usually
4 yellow, orange, or red. They have 5 white spots on their
wings, too. The ladybugs wings help it stay safe. Birds are
C Rewrite the sentences. 6 afraid to eat colorful things because colorful things are
This is a brown bear. This bear is brown. usually 7 delicious. Another 8 sad thing about ladybugs
is that they have sticky feet. Their feet allow them to hang upside-down on 9 slippery
1. Those are clever dogs. are clever.
leaves and climb up 10 tall trees easily..
2. That is a quiet place. is quiet.
3. These are delicious snacks. are delicious.
4. This is fresh milk. is fresh.

14 Adverbs
A: Does Jenny walk slowly?
B: Yes, she does. But she runs very fast.
B Complete the sentences using the underlined words.
1. Gina is a slow runner. Gina runs .
2. Mr. Howard is a careful driver. Mr. Howard drives .
Adverbs: Describing Verbs 3. Joan and Dennis are hard workers. Joan and Dennis work .
An adverb gives more information about a verb. It describes how, when, or where something
4. We eat an early dinner. We eat dinner .
happens. It usually comes after the verb. 5. Jake is a wise decision maker. Jake makes decisions .
Adverbs: Describing Adjectives or Adverbs

Some adverbs describe adjectives or other adverbs. They come before the adjectives or adverbs.
They talk loudly. She finds a four-leaf clover easily. He gets up late.
Spelling rules for adverbs
Adjective Type Adjective Adverb Rule

quiet loud quietly loudly This tea is very hot. They dance so beautifully.
most adjectives + ly
sad careful sadly carefully
easy happy easily happily
adjectives ending in y y ily Some common adverbs that describe adjectives or adverbs are very, really, so, too, quite,
lucky heavy luckily heavily
and completely.
simple gentle simply gently
adjectives ending in le le ly
possible terrible possibly terribly
early late early late
adjective = A Circle the adverbs and underline the words that they describe. Then check() if the
some adjectives fast high fast high
adverb
hard much hard much underlined words are adjectives or adverbs.
Adverb
irregular adjective good well
1. Karen is singing quite well.
2. The turtle moves so slowly.
A Write the adverbs. 3. These shoes are too big for my feet.
1. quick 2. serious 4. Were truly sorry for the inconvenience.
3. safe 4. gentle
B Complete the sentences using the adverbs.
5. fast 6. sudden
1. too This food is spicy. This food is .
7. noisy 8. high
2. so He throws the ball fast. He throws the ball .
9. early 10. comfortable
3. very They are shouting loudly. They are shouting .
11. quiet 12. lucky
4. really Im happy to meet you. Im to meet you.
Practice
A Choose and complete the sentences. A Here is Lucys English report card. Complete the teachers comments for Lucy.
loudly carefully brightly much high early English Report Card

Listening Comprehension poor good quite good very good
1. Kangaroos jump very .
Speaking Fluency poor fluent quite fluent very fluent
2. He is carrying a hot pot to the table. Pronunciation poor clear quite clear very clear
3. My English class starts in the morning. Reading Speed slow fast quite fast very fast
Writing poor good quite good very good
4. The phone is ringing in the living room.
Homework poor good quite good very good
5. The students are smiling .
Overall poor good quite good very good
6. Dont eat too before dinner.
As for Lucys listening comprehension, she understands English 1 .
She speaks English 2 and she pronounces English words
B Complete the sentences using the adjectives and adverbs. 3 . Also, she reads English texts 4 . She has a large
1. easy James solves any problem . vocabulary and writes essays 5 . But, she needs to try harder on
The mathematics contest is for James. her homework. She does her homework 6 . Overall, Lucy has
2. happy Mrs. Header is a person. 7 English skills.
Mrs. Header smiles .
3. heavy Its pouring .

The rain is falling.
4. good Joan doesnt sleep at night. Sumi Jo is a 1 very famous opera singer from Seoul,
South Korea. She was an 2 extremely talented girl. Her
Coffee and chocolate are not for Joan.
mother 3 strong believed that she would be a great
singer someday. Sumi practiced singing 4 loud at home.
C Unscramble the words and complete the sentences. She went to the best music schools in the world, and
1. John . (walks / fast / too) studied very 5 hardly. Now, she performs concerts
6 internationally, and she sings 7 perfectly every time. She uses her voice to sing songs
2. Mom . (cooks / well / very)
8 beautifuly. The audience is moved 9 deep every time. Sumi Jo has a 10 successful
3. Here are some for cooking. (tips / useful / really)
career, but she still practices singing every day..
4. His opinion . (is / right / completely)
5. Mr. Lawrence . (speaks / quietly / so)
6. Ms. Taylor is a . (smart / very / lawyer)

15 Adjectives with Lin ing Verbs
A: This is my new jacket.
B: It looks nice.
Linking Verbs vs. Action Verbs
A linking verb expresses the state of a subject. The adjective describes the subject.
An action verb describes an action. It tells what the subject does or did. Some action verbs
need objects to describe an action.
Linking Verbs + Adjectives
Subject Linking Verb Adjective Subject Action Verb Object
A linking verb connects a subject to the information about the subject. It is followed by an
The soup tasted good. He tasted the soup.
adjective instead of an adverb. The adjective describes the subject of the sentence. smelled
The food bad. The dogs smelled the bone.
Subject Linking Verb Adjective He looked tired. I looked at him.
We felt happy. Jenny felt the sand.
The cake is delicious.
The movie is interesting. We watched the movie.
The jacket looks nice.
The tea smells good.
The soup tastes salty.
The pillow feels soft.
A Circle the linking verbs and underline the action verbs.
The story sounds sad.
1. We feel sorry about the accident.
Some common linking verbs are be, look, smell, taste, feel, and sound.
2. His study plan sounds good.
3. Did you see the paintings in the art gallery?
A Look at the pictures and match to complete the sentences. 4. The children watch the circus happily.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The ice cream tastes really delicious.
6. Cathy smelled the flowers in the garden.
7. The bridge over there looks old.
1. The monster looks comfortable.

B Look at the pictures and complete the sentences.
2. The bed is scary.
1. 2. 3. 4.
3. The lemon tastes sour.
4. The idea sounds great.
B Circle the correct words. hungry the cookies bad the hamburgers
1. Surfing looks very ( dangerous / dangerously ). soft the socks delicious the blouse
2. This music is too ( loud / loudly ). 1. She smelled . The socks smelled .
3. The chocolate tastes ( sweet / sweetly ).
2. Nora tasted . The cookies tasted .
4. I feel ( happily / happy ) because of the good news.
3. Tim is looking at . He looks .
5. The milk in this cup smells ( bad / badly ).
6. You look ( greatly / great ) today. 4. She feels . It feels .
Practice
A Choose and complete the sentences. A Melanie is taking a cooking class. Here is her evaluation sheet. Complete the
comments about her dishes.
delicious nervous dangerous boring terrible full
Menu Looks Smells Tastes Feels
1. I love Moms potato soup. It smells .
Appetizer: pumpkin salad colorful good too salty hard
2. I dont want to watch that movie. It sounds . Main Dish: steak well cooked delicious good tender
3. My sisters ate many chicken pies. They are now. Dessert: orange sherbet lovely sweet sweet / sour soft
4. This cheese tastes . I cant eat it. The appetizer, pumpkin salad, looks colorful. It also smells good. However, it
5. Daniel has a job interview tomorrow. He feels . 1 and the pumpkin 2 .
taste feel
6. The snowboarder fell and broke his leg. Snowboarding looks .
The main dish, steak, is excellent. It looks well cooked. It 3
smell
and 4 . Also, it feels tender.
taste
B Correct the underlined words. If theres no mistake, write Correct . The dessert, orange sherbet, is good, too. It 5 and
look
1. Her new computer looks expensively.
it 6 . It 7 . And it
2. This grapefruit juice tastes sourly. smell taste
8 .
3. She looks at the picture quietly. feel
4. Your idea sounds interestingly to me.
5. He hurt his arm badly. B Find the five linking verbs and write them.
6. The carpet feels very roughly.
I 1 tasted fondue for the first time when I young. I still
7. That building is beautifully.
remember the moment. Fondue 2 tastes very delicious. It is
a famous dish from Switzerland. I 3 make fondue at home.
It is made from cheese. The recipe 4 is simple. First, I melt
C Complete the sentences. The same verbs are used twice in each sentence. cheese until it 5 feels thick and sticky. Before I 6 taste it,
be taste smell feel look I 7 smell it. The melted cheese 8 smells so wonderful!
1. this perfume! It nice. Finally, I dip bread into the fondue and eat it. It 9 tastes
amazing! I sometimes 10 dip vegetables and even some meat
2. these noodles. Do they too salty?
into the fondue,, too.
3. at the village in the picture. It peaceful.
4. Mrs. Sharon a good cook. Her food delicious.
5. I my parents love. So, I happy.

16 Modal Verbs
A: May I use your washroom?
B: Sure. You can find it upstairs.
B Complete the dialogues using can .
1. A Alice speak English well? B Yes, .
2. A you make pancakes? B Yes, .
Ability: Can 3. A Hannah and Sam ski? B No, .
To talk about abilities, place can or cannot before the base form of the verb. Can doesnt
4. A Mr. Smith play the guitar? B No, .
change its form according to the subject.
Positive Negative Permission: Can / May

I/You/He/They can sing well. I/You/He/They cant sing well.
We use can and may to give or ask for permission. May is used in a formal or polite situation.
To make a yes/no question, place can before the subject. Positive Negative
can open the box. cannot go out tonight.
Question Answer I / You / He / They I / You / He / They
may join the party. may not use the dictionary.
Yes, I/he/they can.
Can you/he/they sing well?
No, I/he/they cant. Question Answer
Can Yes, you can. Sorry, you cant.
I use your phone?
May Sure. Here you are. Im sorry. I dont have one.
A: Can she type? A: Can the baby run?

B: Yes, she can. She can type fast. B: No, he cant. But he can walk.
A: Can I borrow your book?
B: Certainly.
A Complete the sentences with can or cant .

1. Parrots fly, but ostriches fly. A Circle the correct words.
2. A newborn baby speak, but a teenager speak. 1. Times up. You ( can / cant ) write anything else on your exam paper.
2. Passengers ( can / cant ) smoke inside the airplane.
3. Monkeys climb trees, but rhinos climb trees.
3. This is not a parking lot for trucks. You ( may / may not ) park your truck here.
4. A fish breathe underwater, but a panda breathe
4. This seat is empty. You ( may / may not ) sit here.
underwater.
5. An octopus live in the desert, but a chameleon live in B Match the sentences.
the desert.
1. I left my phone at home. Can I use your phone?
6. Mr. Wells drive a car, but the boy drive a car. 2. I feel sick now. May I wait in your office?
7. You make a fire with oil, but you make a fire with water. 3. I finished my homework. Can I play outside?
4. I need to speak to you. May I leave early today?
Practice
A Choose and complete the sentences using can or can't . A Here are some FAQs about a museum. Complete the sentences.
walk go eat hold see understand Q I love taking pictures. 1 I take pictures here?
1. I anything. I have a stomachache. A No, you cant. Camera flashes harm the artwork. Visitors
2. The rain stopped. We on a picnic. 2 use cameras.
3. Mr. Rooney speaks very fast. I him.

Q I want to get information about the artwork. 3 I get
4. Molly has new glasses. She very well now. an audio guide?
5. Rick is like a fish. He his breath for five minutes. A Yes, you can. You 4 borrow one at the front desk.
6. You to the station. Its close from here.
Q I have many bags with me. 5 I put them in a locker?
A Yes, you may. Visitors 6 use the lockers for free.
B Look at the pictures and complete the sentences using may or may not .
1. 2. 3. 4.
Q My favorite painting is in this museum. 7 I touch it?
A No, you may not. You 8 touch any of the artwork on
display.
* FAQ (Frequently Asked Question)
feed use take enter
1. You your dog to the beach. B Find the five mistakes and correct them.
2. Only staff the room.
Q I feel very nervous before tests. What 1 can I do?
3. People the pigeons.
A Tests are important. You 2 may skip tests.
4. You the Internet for free here.
But you 3 can talk to your teacher about your
feelings. Sharing your thoughts 4 cant make you
C Choose and write the correct letters. feel better. And try to think positively, too.
a Sure. Here you are. b Can I borrow yours for a moment? Say to yourself, I 5 may not do it. Also, be
c May I use this computer for a while? d Yes, you may come after class. prepared. You 6 can study at the library after school. You 7 can ask your teachers
questions. You 8 can also ask your classmates. They 9 cant help you. Finally, dont be
1. A I dont have a pen. B Sorry. Im using it now.
so upset with your score. People 10 cant make mistakes. You can do better next time..
2. A Can I take a look at your notes? B
3. A Excuse me. B Yes. You may use it.
4. A Mr. Williams, may I come to your office? B

17 Past Simple: The Verb Be
A: Was it your birthday yesterday?
B: No, it wasnt. It was Jims birthday.
B Complete the negative sentences using the short forms.
1. I / sick last week.
2. it / rainy yesterday.
Positive & Negative 3. we / in Canada last year.
The past simple tells about what happened in the past. 4. they / best friends two years ago.
5. the song / popular in 2007.

Past Present Future 6. the quiz / difficult yesterday.
I was short last year. I am tall now.
The past simple of the verb be has two forms, was and were. To make a negative sentence,
place not after the verb be. Yes/No Questions
Positive Negative
To make a yes/no question, place the verb be before the subject.
I I
was wasnt Question Answer
He /She /It at school. He /She /It at school.
I Yes, you were. No, you werent.
You /We /They were You /We /They werent Was
she/Jenny a good student? Yes, she was. No, she wasnt.
Were you Yes, I was. No, I wasnt.
you Yes, we were. No, we werent.
Were good students?
they/Jack and Paul Yes, they were. No, they werent.
They were students ten years ago. It wasnt rainy two hours ago.
A: Was she famous five years ago?

B: Yes, she was.
1. She ( is / was ) in the kitchen before. She ( is / was ) in the living room now.
2. My sisters ( are / were ) shy two years ago. They ( are / were ) talkative nowadays.
A Complete the dialogues in the past simple.
3. Chris and I ( are / were ) best friends now. We ( are / were ) rivals last year.
1. A the children in the classroom? B Yes, .
4. Paul Potts ( is / was ) a famous singer now. He ( is / was ) a salesperson before.
2. A Jane thin last year? B No, .
5. It ( is / was ) warm now. It ( is / was ) cold last night.
6. I ( am / was ) nervous this morning. I ( am / was ) relaxed now. 3. A Jason in the library? B Yes, .
7. The baseball game ( is / was ) boring yesterday. It ( is / was ) exciting today! 4. A it stormy last night? B No, .
8. The toys ( are / were ) mine now. They ( are / were ) my older brothers before. 5. A you tired yesterday? B No, .
Practice
A Complete the sentences in the past simple. A Look at the notes and complete the dialogues about the people.
1. we / sleepy last night.
A 1 you a university student in 2010?
In 2010
2. she / a flight attendant two years ago.
B No, I 2 . I was a police officer.
3. the students / nervous an hour ago.
A 3 you in Spain?
4. I / in the garden this morning.
You / Canada B No, I wasnt. I 4 in Canada.
5. the test / easy last semester.
6. Ms. Johnson / a teacher last year. A 5 Becky a police officer in 2010?

B No, she 6 . She was a doctor.
B Complete the sentences. A 7 she in Canada?
Becky / Spain B No, she wasnt. She 8 in Spain.
Lisa was short last year. She wasnt tall.
1. It cloudy yesterday. It rainy. A 9 Marie and Joe doctors in 2010?
2. They at the party yesterday. They at the zoo. B No, they 10 . They were students.
3. Science class boring last year. It interesting. A 11 they in Hong Kong?

Marie and Joe /
4. The man a baker two years ago. He a chef. B Yes, 12 .
Hong Kong
5. My sister a lawyer before. She a doctor.
6. Kate and I in the library two hours ago. We at the gym. B Find the five mistakes and correct them.
Julie remembers what happened on December 26,

C Look at the table and complete the sentences.
2004. 1 It was a fateful day in Indonesia. 2 It was the
Two Hours Ago... Peter Amy Cathy Paul Alex
day after Christmas. 3 Many tourists was in Indonesia
library
swimming pool
on holiday. 4 Julie were there with her family. 5 She
cafeteria were 12 years old. 6 Julies family was very happy.

theater 7 They was at the beach. Suddenly, a huge wave hit
1. Peter and Amy in the cafeteria. the beach with great force. 8 It were a tsunami. A tsunami is a natural disaster caused
by an earthquake in the ocean. 9 Julie was shocked by what happened. 10 It was a
2. Cathy in the cafeteria.
tragic event. The tsunami killed over 250,000 people. She lost her father that day.
3. Paul and Alex in the theater.
4. Paul in the swimming pool.
5. Alex in the library.

18 Past Simple 1
A: Hurray! I passed the exam.
B: You are lucky. I didnt pass it.
B Complete the sentences.
1. I mop the floor every Sunday. I the floor last Sunday.
2. Adam carries a heavy bag every day. He a heavy bag yesterday.
Positive 3. We
play at the beach in summer. We at the beach last weekend.
The past simple tells about what happened in the past. In most cases, ed is added to the
4. She visits Mark once a year. She Mark last month.
verb.
Subject Verb Negative

I / You / We / They
walked the dog yesterday. To make a negative sentence, place did not before the base form of the verb.
He / She
Subject Verb
Spelling rules for the past simple
I / You / We / They
didnt watch TV last night.
Verb Type Base Form Past Simple Rule He / She
open finish opened finished
most verbs + ed
clean stay cleaned stayed
like love liked loved
verbs ending in e + d
hope close hoped closed
verbs ending in double consonant
drop hug dropped hugged
a vowel + a consonant + ed
verbs ending in a consonant + y study try studied tried y ied She didnt wash her hands.
A Complete the negative sentences.

1. fix My father the chair last week.
2. bake Mr. Jones bread this morning.

We traveled to Paris last month. She dropped her wallet.
3. miss Chloe the bus yesterday.
4. call Sarah me last night.
A Complete the sentences.

1. work They very late yesterday.
1. We painted the house. the house.
2. invite She me to her birthday party last weekend.
2. Karen and I talked a lot. a lot.
3. open The department store a year ago.
3. They studied math. math yesterday.
4. cry The baby for hours last night.
4. I canceled my trip to Italy. my trip to Italy.
5. drop I my cell phone in the sink last week.
5. We washed the dishes. the dishes.
6. enjoy Grandpa Disney cartoons when he was young.
6. My brother wanted a robot. a robot.
Practice
A Choose and complete the sentences. A Mike checked what he did on his to-do list. Look at the list and complete the sentences.
share chat study stay dance ToDo List

1. I was sick last week. So I at home. In the morning
clean my room prepare breakfast with Mom
2. They were in a dancing competition before. They the tango.
After school
3. Mr. Morgan was a good student 15 years ago. He very hard. study English and math finish the science project with Lisa
4. Jake and I were close friends in high school. We everything. In the evening
call Grandma learn Spanish online
5. Kate was in her room last night. She online with Joan.
In the morning, Mike 1 his room. He 2
breakfast with his mother. After school, he 3 English and math.

B Look at the pictures and complete the sentences.
Instead, he 4 the science project with Lisa. In the evening, he
1. 2. 3. 4.
5 Spanish online. He 6 his grandmother.
drop carry visit use

1. Mr. Dickens Rachel yesterday. He Tony.
2. Dad the books this morning. He the computer. Liquid Paper is like white paint. It easily covers up
3. Julie her fork at the restaurant. She her spoon. typing and writing mistakes. It has changed the lives
4. I my crayons in art class yesterday. I paint. of many office workers and secretaries. But who
1 make it? It was Bette Nesmith Graham. She
2 inventted liquid paper in 1956. She 3 worked as
C Complete the sentences in the past simple. a secretary in Texas. She 4 useed a typewriter all
1. I / stop watching TV last month. day long. When she made a mistake on a document, she 5 doesnt know how to
correct it. So she 6 typed the whole thing again. She 7 wanted an easier way to correct
2. we / help Mom and Dad yesterday.
mistakes. One day, she 8 painted over a mistake with some paint. It 9 covers the
3. they / not / enjoy the party last night.
mistake! She 10 poured white paint in little bottles and started selling them.
4. Amy / borrow the book two weeks ago.
5. Tony / not / pass the exam last semester.
6. the train / not / arrive on time.

19 Past Simple 2
A: Did you eat breakfast?
B: No, I didnt. I got up late this morning.
Yes/No Questions
To make a yes/no question, place did before the subject. The base form of the verb is used
with did.
Question Answer
Irregular Verbs
you Yes, I did. No, I didnt.
Some verbs change their forms irregularly in the past simple. he/she/it Yes, he/she/it did. No, he/she/it didnt.
Did Jenny sleep well last night? Yes, she did. No, she didnt.
you/they Yes, we/they did. No, we/they didnt.
Jack and Paul Yes, they did. No, they didnt.
Question Did she wash the dishes? Did they have breakfast at home?
Answer Yes, she did. No, they didnt.
I go shopping on Fridays. She teaches math this year.

I went shopping last Friday. She taught math last year.
Common irregular verbs
1. Alex came home early yesterday. home early yesterday?
go went eat ate drink drank sleep slept buy bought
see saw come came swim swam keep kept teach taught 2. She wrote the novel 11 years ago. the novel 11 years ago?
know knew become became run ran leave left think thought
do did give gave begin began meet met write wrote 3. Brian told you the story. you the story?
have had say said find found sit sat speak spoke
4. They saw the dog at the park. the dog at the park?
make made pay paid tell told get got drive drove
5. Kate read the book twice. the book twice?
Some verbs dont change their forms in the past tense.
6. He taught Spanish last year. Spanish last year?
A Match the verbs with their past forms. B Look at the pictures and complete the questions. Then check() the answers.
1. say ate 5. think swam
1. 2. 3. 4.
2. eat wrote 6. sleep came
3. write said 7. swim slept
4. see saw 8. come thought
B Complete the sentences. win wear take receive
1. buy I new shoes yesterday. 1. Did they the game last year? Yes, they did. No, they didnt.
2. make Dad and I a bookshelf last weekend. 2. Did your father the pictures? Yes, he did. No, he didnt.
3. go We on a picnic last Wednesday. 3. Did you the letter last week? Yes, I did. No, I didnt.
4. meet Jeremy Jessica two days ago. 4. Did she sunglasses yesterday? Yes, she did. No, she didnt.
Practice
A Complete the sentences. A Look at Tanya and Billys checklist and complete the dialogue.
Checklist Tanya Billy
go I went to the park. I didnt go home.
buy a plane ticket
1. catch I a butterfly. I a grasshopper. find a hotel
exchange money
2. speak Dave Greek. He Spanish.
read a guidebook about Mexico
3. cut Sue the celery. She the carrots.
4. see Emily tigers at the zoo. She bears. Tanya: 1 a plane ticket, Billy?
Billy: Yes, I did. I 2 it last weekend.
Tanya: Me, too. But I 3 a hotel.

Billy: I 4 a good hotel. Do you want information about the hotel?
1. A ?
Tanya: That would be great. 5 money?
B Yes, I ran to school this morning.
Billy: No, I 6 .
2. A ?
Tanya: I 7 money, either. Lets go to the bank together.
B No, the president didnt make a speech yesterday.
Billy: Okay. By the way, 8 a guidebook about Mexico?
3. A ?
Tanya: Yes, I 9 . Im very excited for the trip!
B Yes, Amy sat next to Becky in the theater.
4. A ?
B No, they didnt see a shooting star. Find the five mistakes and correct them.
B
A dog called Hachi and his owner, Ueno, 1 meet in 1924.

C Complete the dialogues in the past simple. They loved each other. Every day, Ueno 2 went to work.
1. A the chair in the garage? (Dad / fix) Every day, Hachi went to the train station at 4 p.m. Hachi
B No, . He the table. was always at the same spot waiting for his owner. One day,
2. A a letter to her uncle? (Lucy / send) Ueno 3 didnt came back from work because he 4 died
B No, . She a card. that day. Hachi 5 didnt know that. People 6 sended Hachi to a new owner. But every
day, he 7 went to the station. He 8 think of Ueno all the time. He 9 kept going to the
3. A firefighters? (they / become)
station for over 10 years. Hachis story 10 maked him a symbol of loyalty in Japan.
B No, . They bankers.
4. A a taxi five years ago? (Mr. Bell / drive)

B No, . He a bus five years ago.
20 Future
A: Will you watch a movie tonight?
B: No, I wont. I will go to Bills birthday party.
1. Celia will play the flute tomorrow. She the violin tomorrow.
2. We will go camping this weekend. We bowling this weekend.
Positive & Negative 3. It will be sunny tomorrow. It rainy tomorrow.
The future tense tells about events in the future. Will or will not comes before the base
4. My friends and I will donate some books. We old clothes.
form of the verb in the future tense.
Yes/No Questions
Past Present Future
To make a yes/no question, place will before the subject.
Tom cooks dinner today. I will cook dinner tomorrow.
Question Answer
Positive Negative Will you /he /they pass the exam? Yes, I /he /they will. No, I / he / they wont.
I / You /He /They will cook dinner. I / You /He /They wont cook dinner.
A: Will Santa bring me a present? A: Will she eat the broccoli?

B: Yes, he will. B: No, she wont.
They will travel to Canada next month. She wont buy the dress.
1. Tara will finish her work soon. her work soon?
A Complete the sentences using will .
2. Mr. Smith will come to the party. to the party?
1. become a lawyer She next year.
3. They will join the football team. the football team?
2. go abroad They this summer.
4. Our team will be the winner. the winner?
3. buy a new computer Susie next month.
5. The plane will arrive on time. on time?
4. leave for London Paul and I next week.
5. be an actress I in the future.

B Complete the dialogues in the future tense.
6. win a gold medal He in the Olympics.
1. A she clean her room? B Yes, .
7. do the laundry We this Saturday.
2. A Dad drive me to school today? B No, .
8. visit me My cousins during the holiday.
3. A Jamie cook for us tomorrow? B Yes, .
4. A they stay at your house? B No, .

Practice
A Choose and complete the dialogues in the future tense. A These are Jim and Henrys habits. Complete the sentences about Henrys decisions.
help meet talk buy Jims healthy habits Henrys bad habits
wake up early every day stay in bed till late
1. A Ill make spaghetti for dinner tonight. take the stairs use the elevator
B That sounds good! I you. eat three meals a day skip meals
drink fresh fruit juice drink soft drinks
2. A I bought a storybook for Kates birthday. What about you?
B I colored pencils for her tomorrow. Henry will become healthy like Jim. From today, he 1 up early
3. A Can I talk to you now, Jack? every day. He 2 in bed till late. He 3
B Sorry, Im busy. I to you later. the stairs. He 4 the elevator. He 5
4. A Grandpa, well arrive in Vancouver next Tuesday. three meals a day, too. He 6 meals.
B Okay, I you at the airport. He 7 soft drinks any more.
Instead, he 8 fresh fruit juice!
B Choose and complete the sentences using will or wont .

see a dentist become a singer throw a surprise party watch TV
1. Tasha has a toothache. So, she .

2. Sunday is Amys birthday. So, we for her.
3. My sisters have an exam. So, they tonight. Technology is developing fast. How will our lives change in
4. Paul isnt good at singing. So, he . the future?

We 1 willnt drive cars, because cars 2 will move
automatically. They 3 will take us anywhere we want to go.
C Look at Daniel and Rosas plans for summer vacation and complete the dialogues. We 4 will travels around the world in airplanes, but it
join an English camp take an art class read fifty books go to the beach
5 will take not as long as it takes now. And there 6 will
Daniel be spaceships, so we can travel to outer space! We 7 wont

Rosa take vacations to the moon! We 8 wont do any housework
1. A Daniel join an English camp? B , . because we 9 will have robots that will do all our work. Life in the future 10 will is very
2. A Rosa take an art class? B , . exciting and much easier..
3. A Rosa read fifty books? B , .
4. A Daniel and Rosa go to the beach? B , .

Supplementary Material
Review Test 1
Units 14
A Circle the correct words. D Choose and complete the sentences.
1. I meet ( him / he ) on Saturdays. elevator leaves novels teacher that these
2. Jake and I are ( go / friends ).
1. The turn yellow in fall.
3. The chef needs ( a / an ) assistant.
2. are baseball cards.
4. ( A / The ) sky is dark now.
3 There is a(n) next to the stairs.
5. I found an eraser under ( my / me ) desk.
4. They read after dinner.
6. My sister and I are in the pool. ( We / She ) are swimming.
5. The woman is a(n) at my school.
6. is my younger sister.
B Choose the correct answers.
1. The door . E Correct the underlined words.
opened the house slowly 1. These is my best friend, Greg.
2. My mom is . 2. Yours glasses are on the table.
works hard a big company a businesswoman
3. The two mouse are in the box.
3. I have a big umbrella. You can share .
4. They spend them time together.
me my mine
5. Those are my teacher.
4. Their house is on 6th Street. is on 7th Street.
We Our Ours 6. There are three deers on the farm.
5. Jane and Amy have yellow jackets. These are .

hers their theirs F Change the underlined words and rewrite the sentences.
1. He has a battery for his clock.
Plural
C Complete the sentences with pronouns or possessive adjectives. 2. We need a tomato for the sandwiches.
1. Ms. Jackson has a dog. loves it. Plural
2. I eat caramel candies every day. I like . 3. I see a person in the swimming pool.
Plural
3. My grandpa is sick. I visit in the hospital.
4. Tom sits next to me in the classroom.
4. Excuse me, I think you dropped something. Is this wallet?
Pronoun
5. My
sister and I go to the same school. My mother takes to school.
5. I love my cats very much.
6. Nick and Laura go to school together. are good friends.
88 Review Test 1 89
Review Test 2
Units 58
A Circle the correct words. D Choose and complete the dialogues.
1. Olivia ( am / is / are ) a veterinarian. backpack school a violinist science jeans wash
2. The tourists ( am not / isnt / arent ) from Japan.
1. A What is her job? B She is .
3. ( Am / Is / Are ) Toby thirteen years old?
2. A What are you good at? B Im good at .
4. My sisters ( dont / doesnt ) study on weekends.
3. A What does she do on Sundays? B She her dogs.
5. It ( snow / snows ) a lot in Norway.
4. A What do you want for Christmas? B I want a .
6. ( Do / Does ) Aiden and Ella do their homework together?
5. A Where are your brothers? B Theyre at .
6. A What does he usually wear? B He usually wears .

1. The sun early these days. E Correct the underlined words.
rise rises risis 1. I often am late for my piano lesson.
2. The big birds fast. 2. Jack always playes chess with his brother.
fly flys flies
3. It usually is foggy in our town.
3. My uncle snowboarding in winter.
4. They go never shopping at night.
go gos goes
5. The bakery are usually busy in the morning.
4. Nicole and her brother too much soda.
drink drinks drinkes 6. Emily sometimes exercise after dinner.
5. Mr. Smith travel abroad much.

F Write the sentences.
isnt doesnt dont
1. Mike is excited about the school festival.
Negative
C Complete the answers. 2. Jason has an electronic dictionary in his bag.

1. A Is your sister a student? B Yes, . Negative
2. A Are his stories interesting? B No, . 3. Sarah is Matts best friend.

Question
3. A Does the bus come on time? B Yes, .
4. Her daughter likes bread.
4. A Do they know his address? B No, .
Question
5. A Are they ready for camping? B Yes, . 5. They wear school uniforms.
6. A Does Bill often eat out? B No, .
90 Review Test 2 91
Review Test 3
Units 912
A Circle the correct words. D Complete the sentences in the present continuous.
1. There ( is / are ) a lot of books on the shelf. 1. run I around the track.
2. There ( is / are ) some notebooks on the table. 2. water Mr. and Mrs. Norton the plants.
3. There ( is / are ) an old photo between the book and the dictionary. 3. not / write Anthony a letter now.
4. The children ( am / are / is ) catching butterflies. 4. not / stay They in London these days.
5. My brother ( am / are / is ) listening to music. 5. swim Lily in the pool now?
6. Ann and I ( am / are / is ) walking to the store. 6. bake you muffins?
B Choose the correct answers. E Correct the underlined words.

1. A does the sale start? B It starts on May 20. 1. Jane is comming to my house.
What When What time
2. Emma surfs the Internet in night.
2. A is your uncle doing? B Hes reading the newspaper.
3. The students go camping on summer.
What When Where
4. He studies English at the morning.
3. A are they going now? B Theyre going to the zoo.
What What time Where 5. There is pillows on the bed.
4. A does the museum open? B It opens at 10 a.m. 6. There arent a trash can under the desk.
What What time Where
5. A is my scarf? B Its under your coat.

What When Where
1. I am wearing a black cap today.
Negative
C Complete the sentences with prepositions. 2. There is a baseball bat in the box.
Negative
1. I take my lunch break noon.
3. The ants are carrying a piece of cracker.
2. The fall semester begins September.
Question
3. The members get together Wednesday.
4. Bens grandmother is cutting his hair.
4. The squirrel is on the rock. The rock is the squirrel. Question
5. The swing is next to the seesaw. The seesaw is the swing. 5. There are six bedrooms in the house.
6. The chair is in front of the bookcase. The bookcase is the chair.
92 Review Test 3 93
Review Test 4
Units 1316
A Circle the correct words. D Choose and complete the sentences.
1. ( This / These ) shoes are too big for me. boring difficult expensive light salty soft
2. I dont know ( that / those ) people.
1. His suitcase isnt heavy. Its .
3. The T-shirt looks ( colorful / colorfully ).
2. She puts a lot of salt in the pizza sauce. The pizza is .
4. The fried chicken smells ( delicious / deliciously ).
3. The jacket isnt . Its cheap.
5. I ( can / cant ) eat chocolate. I have a toothache.
4. Im taking a quiz. Its not easy.
6. You ( may / may not ) sit here. No one is using this chair.
5. The woman brushes the cats fur every day. The cats fur is .
6. The musical isnt interesting. Its .

1. Can your brother drive a car? E Correct the underlined words.
Yes, they can. No, he cant. He can buy a car.
1. David cant goes hiking today.
2. Can I borrow your phone for a minute?
2. May I plays outside?
Yes, you do. No, I cant. Sorry, I dont have one.
3. Anne cans climb a tree.
3. Can you make a paper airplane?
Yes, I may. Yes, I can. Sorry, Im using it. 4. She is a talented really girl.
4. May I use the bathroom? 5. This student are noisy.
Yes, you are. No, we may not. Of course. 6. Look at these balloons in the sky.
5. May I have your phone number?

Certainly. No, you arent. I know her number. F Rewrite the sentences using the words.
1. The information is useful to me. (quite)
C Complete the sentences using the adjectives or adverbs.

2. Im holding a book in my hand. (heavy)
1. comfortable Eric is sitting on the sofa.
2. sorry I feel very about the accident. 3. His answer was wrong. (completely)
3. good He usually does on his English tests.
4. easy The tall boy can touch the ceiling . 4. She is looking at her son. (lovely)
5. loud Mark plays the trumpet .

5. My sisters are watching the show. (exciting)
6. hard My sister practices for the contest.
94 Review Test 4 95
Review Test 5
Units 1720
A Circle the correct words. D Choose and complete the sentences in the past simple.
1. We ( will / wont ) cook dinner tonight. Well eat out. buy start put mop send study
2. ( Was / Were ) you at the museum an hour ago?
1. She the pie in the oven five minutes ago.
3. My English test ( was / wasnt ) difficult. I got a perfect score.
2. The cleaner the dirty floor two hours ago.
4. My brother ( will / wont ) see a doctor. He hurt his leg.
3. Max me flowers for my birthday.
5. I ( will / wont ) buy expensive things. I need to save money.
4. The students for the math exam yesterday.
6. They ( were / werent ) fishermen last year. They lived in the mountains.
5. I a postcard to my aunt last week.
6. Gavin university last year.

1. My grandpa a bus driver thirty years ago. E Correct the underlined words.
was did will be 1. He waitted in front of the gate yesterday.
2. She attend her driving lesson last Tuesday. 2. Amy reads a funny book last weekend.
wasnt didnt wont 3. I dont met Susan last Sunday.
3. We a party for Crystal next Saturday. 4. My dad drived me to school yesterday.
were had will have
5. Did Sam take a violin lesson next week?
4. The woman finish her work soon.
6. She wont came home early tonight.
wasnt didnt wont
5. Lucy visit her grandparents last month.

wasnt didnt wont
1. My friends are happy about the news.
Past simple
C Complete the answers. 2. Brian helps me with my homework.

Past simple
1. A Was David at the theater last night? B Yes, .
3. Eva was a reporter 10 years ago.
2. A Did she wear a coat yesterday? B Yes, .
Negative
3. A Will you clean your room tomorrow? B Yes, .
4. We went to the movies last night.
4. A Were Lily and Luke friends last year? B No, . Negative
5. A Did he draw many pictures last month? B No, . 5. She wrote an email after dinner.
6. A Will Ms. Craig visit us this Sunday? B No, .
96 Review Test 5 97
Appendix
1. Present Simple: Spelling Rules 3. Past Simple: Spelling Rules
Verb Type Base Form Third-person Singular Rule Verb Type Base Form Past Simple Rule
most verbs eat like eats likes + s open finish opened finished
most verbs + ed
watch teach watches teaches clean stay cleaned stayed
verbs ending in wash finish washes finishes like love liked loved
+ es
ch , sh , s , x pass miss passes misses hope close hoped closed
verbs ending in e + d
fix mix fixes mixes live use lived used
verbs ending in study cry studies cries arrive change arrived changed
y ies
a consonant + y fly try flies tries verbs ending in drop hug dropped hugged double consonant
play stay plays stays a vowel + a consonant stop mop stopped mopped + ed
verbs ending in a vowel + y + s
buy say buys says verbs ending in study cry studied cried
y ied
have go has goes a consonant + y try worry tried worried
exceptions
do does
4. Adjectives and Adverbs

2. Present Continuous: Spelling Rules
Verb Type Base Form Adverb Rule
Verb Type Base Form Present Continuous Rule quiet sad quietly sadly
go walk going walking slow quick slowly quickly
most verbs study say studying saying + ing sudden serious suddenly seriously
play eat playing eating most adjectives beautiful loud beautifully loudly + ly
careful safe carefully safely
come take coming taking
perfect complete perfectly completely
verbs ending in e make live making living e ing
extreme international extremely internationally
use hope using hoping
easy lucky easily luckily
double adjectives
verbs ending in sit cut sitting cutting angry happy angrily happily y ily
consonant ending in y
a vowel + a consonant run swim running swimming heavy noisy heavily noisily
+ ing
simple gentle simply gently
adjectives
possible terrible possibly terribly le ly
ending in le
comfortable comfortably
early late early late
adjective =
some adjectives fast high fast high
adverb
hard much hard much
irregular adjective good well
98 Appendix 99
Appendix
5. List of Irregular Verbs
Present Present
Base form Past simple Base form Past simple
continuous continuous
be being was/were lose losing lost

become becoming became make making made
begin beginning began meet meeting met
break breaking broke pay paying paid
build building built put putting put
buy buying bought read reading read
catch catching caught ride riding rode
come coming came rise rising rose
cut cutting cut run running ran
do doing did say saying said
draw drawing drew see seeing saw
drink drinking drank sell selling sold
drive driving drove send sending sent
eat eating ate sing singing sang
feel feeling felt sit sitting sat
find finding found sleep sleeping slept
fly flying flew speak speaking spoke
forget forgetting forgot spend spending spent
get getting got stand standing stood
give giving gave swim swimming swam
go going went take taking took
have having had teach teaching taught
hear hearing heard tell telling told
hide hiding hid think thinking thought
hit hitting hit wake waking woke
keep keeping kept wear wearing wore
know knowing knew win winning won
leave leaving left write writing wrote
100

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Student Book Supplementary Material

Introduction Review Test

Grammar for Writing

Present Simple Past Simple & Future Tense

Present Continuous & Prepositions Supplementary Material

Subject Verb Object

Birds fly in the sky. My mother is a teacher.

They go to school. These are my classmates.

A Read the underlined words and check().

6 Unit 1 Parts of a Sentence 7

1. My name is Sam. Verbs Objects Complements

I 4 very hard. Tennis is 5 .

2. Mary is smart. He always 10 .

She likes math.

2. live / They / in a city Subject Verb

3. a businessman / He / is Object Complement

4. sing / on the stage / We

8 Unit 1 Parts of a Sentence 9

Noun Type Singular Plural Rule

There is a sandwich. Chris has two cats.

5. island 6. egg B Complete the sentences.

6. Jason has a dog. dog doesnt like me.

fox person table tomato

1. There are many in the cafeteria.

2. Two little are playing on the grass.

3. There are six in my family.

Do you have 1 an closet? Look inside 2 closet. Do you have

4. A Who are the ? (lady)

2. The flowers are beautiful. Amy bought .

Subject Pronouns / Object Pronouns 3. Michael is speaking. Listen to .

Singular Plural 5. Jennys spaghetti is delicious. We love .

Singular Plural near the speaker far from the speaker

John calls him. John calls them.

A Circle the correct subject pronouns.

B Write the object pronouns for the underlined words.

2. Mom calls Peter and James for dinner. 2. is a new computer.

3. The man gave Julie and me some candies. 3. are my grandparents.

4. My mom talks to Ms. Brown. 4. are very tall buildings.

2. David and Daniel are my twin brothers. are noisy.

6. The man is strong. carries heavy boxes.

1 is a photo of my family. My mom is pretty and tall.

3. A Cathy Heart is my favorite actress. is beautiful.

4. Is this your bag?

5. Those are spiders.

6. Is that your friend?

This is my bicycle. That is her camera. They hold their trophy.

We use whose to ask about who something belongs to.

A Write the correct possessive pronouns.

1. you / a computer 2. he / a camera 3. their house 4. my money

3. they / umbrellas 4. we / hands 5. his coat 6. your desk

5. she / the piano 6. I / the watch 7. my gloves 8. her glasses

B Complete the dialogues.

Nick found 4 skateboard. The dictionary is 5 , too.

1. A Is this umbrella yours or ? (he)

3. A Sarah, can I borrow dictionary? (you)

4. they The bikes are . bikes are red.

5. you Is this phone ? It looks like phone.

Statement They are neighbors.

A Complete the dialogues.

2. A a fun movie? B Yes, it is.

4. A from South Africa? B No, she isnt.

A Circle the correct words. 5. A at school? B Yes, I am.

B Complete the negative sentences using the short forms.

4. The books are boring. boring. 3. A Are they ballerinas? B , they .

4. take Tom and May pictures in the park.

4. He talks on the phone every night. He on the phone now.