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EGCH 403

Sira Srinives
References
Bird,R.B.,Stewart,W.E.,andLightfoot,E.N.,
TransportPhenomena,2nd ed.,JohnWiley&Sons,
2002.
Welty,J.R.,Wicks,C.E.,Wilson,R.E.,Rorrer,G.
Fundamentalsofmomentum,heatandmass
transfer,4th ed.,JohnWiley&Sons,2002
COURSESYLLABUS
VectorandTensoranalysis
Fluidstaticandintroductiontotransportphenomena
Momentumshellbalance
Generalisothermalmomentumequation
Multivariableflows
Introductiontoconductionandconvectionheattransfer
Generalizednonisothermalequationofchange
Multivariableenergytransfer
Introductiontomasstransfer
Steadystatediffusionwithreaction
Generalizedmulticomponent
Multicomponent masstransfer
https://previews.123rf.com/images/olechowski/olechowski1111/olechowski111100219/11
362525-Yellow-gas-pipe-on-a-wall-Stock-Photo.jpg
http://www.world-nuclear.org/getattachment/Nuclear-Basics/How-does-a-nuclear-
reactor-make-electricity/pwr-2.jpg.aspx?width=648&height=432&ext=.jpg
http://www.umich.edu/~elements/asyLearn/bits/pressure/pics/3sphere.gif
https://img3.exportersindia.com/product_images/bc-
full/dir_67/2008829/glassspherical-reactor-
571731.jpg
From BUZZ
z 2 2 r2 GROUP1
f r, , z rdrddz
z1 1 r1

If f r, , z = r
find
r d
z1 H 1 2 pi r1 R d

f r, , z rdrddz
z1 0 1 0 r1 0 dr
r
Vector,Tensor,andCoordinates
-In Catersian coordinates, a coordinate
is assigned using x, y and z.
-In many cases, choosing the right
coordinate can help simplifying the
system significantly.
-The most important thing is to
understand and know how to apply
each coordinate to the right system and
to convert from one coordinate to the
other.
Vector,Tensor,andCoordinates

Cartesian: x, y, z
Cylindrical: r, , z
Spherical: r, ,
Vector,Tensor,andCoordinates
Correlation between Cartesian and cylindrical
coordination

x
y
2

2
x = r cos r=
y = r sin = arctan (y/x)
z=z z=z
Vector,Tensor,andCoordinates
Spherical coordinates

x
y
z
2

2
x = r sin cos r=

x
y
2

2
y = r sin sin = arctan

z = r cos
z

= arctan (y/x)
Integraloperationindifferentcoordinates
Cylindrical coordinates

z 2 2 r2

f r , , z rdrddz
Differential volume element
r dr d dz
z1 1 r1

r d
d

dr
r
Integraloperationindifferentcoordinates
z 2 2 r2 Differential volume element
f r , , z rdrddz
z1
r dr d dz
1 r1
when r = r0 (constant)
z2 2

f (r , , z )r ddz
z1
0 0
1

when = 0 (constant)
z 2 r2

f (r , , z )rdrdz
z1 r1
0
d
r d

when z = z0 (constant)
2 r2

f (r , , z )rdrd
0
r
dr
1 r1
Integraloperationindifferentcoordinates
Spherical coordinates

2 2 r2

f r , , r 2 dr sin dd
1 1 r1
Differential volume element
r2 dr sin d d
Z-axis

r sin d
Integraloperationindifferentcoordinates

2 2 r2 Differential volume element


f r , , r 2 dr sin dd r2 dr sin d d
1 1 r1

when r = r0
2 2

0 0 sin dd
2
g ( r , , )r
1 1
when = 0
2 r2

sin 0 drd
2
g ( r , 0 , )r
when
1 r1 = 0
2 r2

sin drd
2
g ( r , , 0 )r
1 r1
BUZZGROUP
From 2
2 2 r2

f r, , r dr sin dd
2

1 1 r1

If f (r, , ) r

find
2 2 pi 2 pi r2 R

f r, , r dr sin dd
2

1 0 1 0 r1 0
MOMENTUM TRANSPORT

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/ http://drjudywood.com/articles/BBE
86/Billard.JPG /BBEpics/momentum.jpg
Fluid dynamics in transport phenomena

Newtons law of viscosity

- Define a system as two parallel plates. Each


plate has a surface area of A, located at a
distant of from one another.
- Fill the empty space between these two
plates with fluid and pull the lower plate at a
constant velocity V in +x direction.
Fluid dynamics in transport phenomena

Fig 1.1-1
Fluid dynamics in transport phenomena

- As soon as the fluid flow reaches steady


state (constant velocity, V), constant force (F)
required to maintain the steady motion can
be presented as
F V

A

, whereas : fluid viscosity

- F/A was defined as yx that represented the


force in x direction exerted on a unit area
perpendicular to the y direction.
Newtons law of viscosity
- Then, the shear force in x direction that
exerts on the unit area perpendicular to y
direction is proportional to the negative value
of velocity change in x direction with respect
to y direction.

dv x This is known as Newtons


yx law of viscosity
dy

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