Clean Energy Storage Technology

Battery-free UPS energy storage

Pentadyne Power Corp

The worlds leading manufacturer of flywheel energy storage systems

1
 Traditional Power Quality Configuration

ATS
Protected
load
UPS

Utility feed

Batteries
Back-up
genset

The
The Weakest
Weakest Link
Link

the event of a brief utility power disturbance, the UPS gets power from a string of
lead-acid batteries connected to its internal DC bus. If the disturbance lasts longer
than a few seconds, the ATS starts the genset and the load is transferred from
battery power. When the ATS detects the return of proper utility power, it switches
back to the normal configuration and the lengthy process of bringing the batteries
up to a full state of charge begins.

2
 Leading Cause of Dropped Loads
Circuit breaker
UPS component
Logic board
Utility/generator
Other external
Human error
Batteries
Other (<2% each)

Leading cause of failure: batteries

Corrosion, normal aging process
Drying out: the most common cause
Premature failure
Use/number of discharges
Improper voltage charge
Temperature >75F
Excess charge current
Stained battery terminals

Problem is, batteries are the leading cause of dropped load incidents. As the weakest
link in the chain, many facilities opt for a redundant string of batteries to hedge their
bets. But the bottom line is that having two weak links in the UPS chain isnt much
better than one.

3
 Unreliable & Dangerous

UPS lead-acid batteries swell,

split, leak acid and emit toxic hydrogen
sulfide gas and sulfuric acid vapors
Also emits explosive gases

Explosive battery gas emissions

literally blew the roof off of this data
center building in Sacramento

Swelling and splitting

creates acid spills and
releases flammable gases

Pressure buildup can

result in battery
housing explosions

Each Pentadyne flywheel replaces the use of 40 lead-acid batteries. Each of those
batteries contain six cells. When there is an issue with any one of those 240 cells,
the whole string fails. While battery monitoring devices can make interpretive
guesses at which battery or cell might fail next, its not until you hit those 240 cells
with full load that you will know for sure whether the string will work or fail. As one of
our customers puts it: Battery failure is not an option. Nonetheless, it happens all
the time.

4
 A better way

Pentadyne Flywheel Lead-Acid Batteries

Installation cost Low High
Footprint Small Medium to Large
Lifecycle Cost

Maintenance Very infrequent Frequent

Life expectancy >20 Years 2 4 years
Standby energy use Low Low
Air conditioning cost None Medium
Recharge Very rapid Very slow
Reliability

Diagnostics and monitoring Precise, real-time Speculative

Known state of charge Yes Unpredictable
Dropped load MTBF >900,000 hours ~10,000 hours
Operating temperature range Broad Narrow
Environment
and Safety

Hazardous materials None Yes

Explosive and toxic gas emissions None Yes
Disposal requirements None Yes
Ventilation requirements None Yes

The Pentadyne flywheel offers a better way. First introduced in 2003, the
installed fleet of Pentadyne systems have amassed 4 million hours of
reliable operation at customer sites. Mean time between dropped loads has
proven out at a million hours more than 100 years. Dropped load MTBF for
battery strings is about 10,000 hours (around once a year), and just barely
over 2,000 hours for individual jars according to UPS industry reports.

5
 Todays Power Quality Configuration

ATS
Protected
load
UPS

Utility feed

Back-up
genset

Flywheel Optional
batteries

Todays power quality configuration uses one or more flywheels to serve as the
primary energy storage device. Most sites choose to permanently rid themselves of
their battery headaches. But the flywheel can be used in parallel with a redundant
battery string for particularly critical applications. The flywheel responds to ALL
power disturbances, whether sub-second or to bridge to a smooth handoff to the
generator. In such configurations, the batteries are isolated from all cycling. With no
cycling, batteries can actually begin to approach their life claims and battery
maintenance is held to a minimum.

6
 Battery Whiplash Prevented
Float Voltage

Grid Disturbance

UPS DC Bus Voltage w/flywheel

Gen

Coup de fouet = Whiplash

99% of disturbances
< 10 sec. --EPRI

0 10 20

Time (Seconds)

Programmable discharge is set above the battery discharge voltage

Flywheel isolates the batteries from ALL short-term cycling events
If event lasts longer that flywheel capacity, flywheel gently rolls down
voltage into the battery set; eliminating battery coup de fouet

When used in parallel with batteries, the programmable discharge voltage of

the Pentadyne flywheel is set higher than that of the batteries. In an
extended outage, the flywheel discharges to carry the load and smoothly
transition it into the generator. The battery set sees a sub-second surface
discharge 1/20th that of the flywheel current, but experiences no cycling.
Running Pentadyne systems parallel with battery strings eliminates the coup
de fouet effect that causes battery cells to age and fail. If an outage lasts
longer that the flywheel runtime and a genset is not present, the flywheel will
roll the voltage down into the lead acid batteries, avoiding that chemical
whiplash event.

7
 Critical Need: Storage vs. Generation

The 1st 10 seconds matter 100% of the time

The next 10+ seconds matter less than 1%
EPRI confirms 99% of
power disturbances
are <10 sec.
Energy storage
matters 100% of the
time; backup genset
power is needed <1%
IEEE data confirms
99% outages >60 sec.
of all power occurred an average of
disturbances
only 1.5 times per
last less than
10 seconds utility customer over
the last decade

In a comprehensive study of utility power interruptions, the Electric Power Research

Institute confirms that 98.7% of all brief voltage sags, outages and other power
disturbances last less than 10 seconds, and 84% last less than two seconds. It is
those very brief but very frequent interruptions that cause UPS batteries to age and
fail. So specing a redundant generator addresses less than 1% of the reliability
quotient, but energy storage matters 100% of the time. Many data center operators
will think nothing of spending half a million or more on a redundant genset. But if
you consider the odds, that money is far better spent on energy storage. A
redundant generator may never actually be needed, but the energy storage
component matters EVERY single time theres a power disturbance.

8
 Genset Start Reliability

IEEE Gold Book 493-2007 Annex L, Table XII:

Circa-1980 studies encompassing >26,000 genset start attempts
Starting reliability was proven to average 99.5%
Diesel gensets in these studies were made in the 1980s or earlier
Starting reliability of modern gensets, properly maintained and
exercised, would arguably show much higher first-attempt reliability
60 seconds or less for 10kW racks
If genset(s) arent up and driving
cooling within 60 seconds, servers
will crash on thermal overload *
Higher rack power = even less time
Advantage of 15 min. of batteries?
One data center operator said, All
it gives me is just under 15 minutes
to update my resume.

* Source: Aperture Research Institute 2007

The bottom line is that: 1) Genset start reliability is far higher than that of batteries.
2) Without cooling, theres no such thing as 15 minutes of battery backup time. With
todays servers and rack densities, you have less than 60 seconds to have the
genset online and powering the cooling systems, otherwise thermal server crash is
inevitable.

9
 One Line
Flywheel Module

IGBT Power Converter

Soft Start

To UPS
Battery
Input

Temperature
Sensors
Sensors

Position
Sensors
Speed
DC Monitoring Motor Generator Controls Magnetic Levitation
Module
Power Conversion Module Controller

Remote Monitoring
Backup
AC Aux
COM

& Controls
(Optional)

The Pentadyne flywheel connects into the DC bus of the UPS just like a
battery cabinet, and it draws its 250 W float charge from the DC bus just
like a battery cabinet.

10
 Flywheel Technology Evolution

Carbon
Steel Flywheel Technology
Fiber
Evolution

KE ~ m(rpm)
Low-speed 7,800 rpm High-speed 52,000 rpm
More mass means more energy More speed means more energy
Double mass = energy doubled Double rpm = energy quadrupled

Heavy (600 lbs) Light (52 lbs)

Large wheel Compact cylinder
Mechanical bearings Full magnetic levitation
Minor service every 12 months, Operation check in first 6 months,
major service every 2-3 years then moderate service every 6 yrs
High standby power Very low standby power
consumption: 2,500W consumption: 250W

With flywheels, if you double the mass, you double the energy storage. But
double the spin rate and you quadruple energy storage. Thats why it makes
sense to make the wheel smaller and lighter for a more compact footprint
and less floor-loading, but spin it faster for greater energy density. With this
relatively light mass, you can float it in a magnetic containment field and
eliminate mechanical bearings that need very costly replacement every 2-3
years and incur downtime lasting the better part of a day. That and other
innovations make this carbon-fiber-based flywheel 10x more energy efficient
than steel flywheels.

11
 Flywheels: Carbon Fiber vs. Steel
Carbon fiber Steel

Maximum output power 190 kWb 250 kWb

Recharge from full discharge 1.5 min. 2.5 min.
Operation
Max. charge/discharge cycles 10 per hour 2 per hour
Standby losses 250W 2,500W
Heat output 850 Btu/hr >8,500 Btu/hr

Bearing vibration check None Every quarter

Bearing replacement Never Every 2-3 yrs ($8K)
Maintenance
Vacuum pump maintenance None Every 6-12 months
Vacuum pump replacement Never Every 3-4 yrs ($4K)

Footprint 5.7 sq ft 10 sq ft
Weight 1,300 lbs 3,800 lbs
Environmental Sound level at 1 meter <45 dBA <70 dBA
Requirements Floor preparation None Needs concrete pad
Cabinet with casters Yes No
Installation & startup time 1-2 hours 1-2 days

With magnetic levitation eliminating bearing drag, and other patented

efficiency innovations, the carbon-fiber-based Pentadyne flywheel uses only
1/10th the standby energy of a steel flywheel, about the same or less than
the float charge use of a 5-min. battery string. This exceptional energy
efficiency saves about $3,000 per year in utility costs per flywheel deployed.
That amounts to nearly 20,000 kWh/year and a carbon footprint reduction of
more than 26,000 lbs/year.

12
 Less is More

Small lightweight mass sets up great advantages:

Easier installation
Higher energy density
Rotating group
Smaller footprint
Lighter weight
No bearings

Flywheel module

The compact rotating group of the Pentadyne flywheel weighs only 52

pounds. This enables higher energy density, smaller footprint, and the
possibility of high-efficiency, bearing-free full magnetic levitation.

13
 Full Magnetic Levitation

NO MECHANICAL BEARINGS
Pentadynes patented 5-point
magnetic levitation system fully
floats the spinning mass
No bearings, no contact
No wear, no friction, no heat
No costly maintenance
Extremely strong and robust
Originally designed for hybrid vehicle
energy storage (i.e., to be driven over
potholes all day)

Pentadynes full magnetic levitation eliminates mechanical bearings as a common

point of failure and maintenance on legacy flywheels. Those legacy flywheels use a
permanent magnet to offload some of the 600-lb flywheel weight, but there is still
very high load on the mechanical bearings used in steel flywheels. Bearing are the
most common point of failure among flywheels, and every 24-30 months require a
day-long replacement that costs the end-user $8,000 to $10,000.

14
 Vacuum Sleeve

NO MECHANICAL VACUUM PUMP

Factory-sealed high vacuum
3 millitorr
Patented vacuum sleeve
Helical grooves draw molecules out
of high-vacuum chamber
Then locked into absorber material
(combo-getters & molecular sieves)
Vacuum sleeve is maintenance-free
Never needs replacement
During Customer Satisfaction Visit
within the first 6 months, vacuum
check/one-hour regen service is
provided free, if needed

Pentadynes patented, maintenance-free vacuum sleeve draws out

molecules that the spinning mass emits over the years. This ensures
extremely high efficiency while removing a point of failure and maintenance
common to other flywheel. A cost-free one-hour outgassing service is
performed onsite in the first six months (about 90% of all outgassing occurs
during that time). A vacuum reading and, if needed, a one-hour regen, is
recommended every two years thereafter. Much superior to the risk of a
constantly operating mechanical pump that must be serviced every 6-12
months and replaced every few years.

15
 A Closer Look Inside...

Upper Radial
Electromagnet
Upper Vacuum
Chamber
Axial
Lower Vacuum Electromagnet
Chamber
Molecular
Carbon Fiber Vacuum Sleeve
Composite
Flywheel

2 Thick Steel
Motor-Generator Containment Vessel
Stator

Synchronous
Coolant Reluctance 4 pole
Passages M-G Rotor

Lower Radial
Electromagnet
Patented

The Pentadyne system uses a computer-controlled 5-point magnetic

levitation system that floats and secures the spinning mass in place within
less than a single millimeter of tolerance checked tens of thousands of times
per second. Originally designed for hybrid vehicle energy storage, this robust
design was developed to ensure the rotating mass always stayed precisely
positioned, even when driving over potholes. So the seismic zone 4 rated
system can withstand external movement, such as earthquakes, without any
interruption in duty. The other significant advantage is our service-free
patented molecular vacuum sleeve that maintains the factory-sealed high
vacuum (about one millitorr or one one-millionth of an atmosphere) without
any mechanical pump.

16
 Flywheel Cabinet Layout

Flywheel
Disconnect
LCD Control Panel Versatile Interface Board
(optional)
Data Collection Module
(optional)

Motor-Generator
Filter Assembly
Magnetic Levitation
Module
Power
Conversion
Flywheel
Module
Module
Coolant
Air Filter (optional) Pump

Casters

The Versatile Interface Board provides dry contacts for integration into
monitoring systems. The Data Collection Module stores about 12 months
worth of operational and self-diagnostics data. The coolant pump shown is
normally off. It turns on for 10-15 minutes when a significant discharge event
has occurred, heating up the motor-generator. Its a very heavy-duty pump,
but the actual duty cycle is exceptionally light, perhaps only a few hours per
year. As such, the pump requires no maintenance for the 20-year life of the
system. The fluid itself is a vegetable oil based coolant, called Paratherm.
Its very stable no fluid changes are recommended and non-toxic. In fact,
its even kosher-ratedyou can put it on your salad.

17
 Footprint Comparison
Floorspace needed by 5-minute VRLA cabinets for a 400-kVA UPS is nearly
double that of a similar capacity pair of flywheels (green). Compared to a one
megawatt set of wet cells, the flywheel footprint is nearly 80% less (orange).

VRLA VRLA FW FW FW FW FW FW FW

access access access

access

wet cell array

access access
wet cell array

access

If you are tight on floorspace, the Pentadyne flywheel delivers vastly more reliable
energy storage in half or less the footprint of batteries. And since it doesnt need
temperature control like batteries, you can stick it in an electrical room and recover
the conditioned space for more core business uses.

18
 Floor-Loading

Pentadyne system: 1,300 lbs

5-minute VRLA battery cabinet: ~5,000 lbs

With only the weight of a comparable capacity 5 minute VRLA battery cabinet,
the Pentadyne flywheel imposes no floor-loading issues. This enables siting on
upper level floors. It can even be rolled across and mounted on unreinforced raised
flooring, no concrete pad is needed as is the case with all the alternatives.

19
 Shipping & Installation

Raised Floor Mounting

Shipping

Installation is simple. Since the Pentadyne flywheel weighs only 1300 lbs,
there are no floor-loading issues, no need for a concrete pad. It even mounts
directly on raised flooring. The system has casters to roll the unit into place.
UL-required seismic mounting is also very simple, with bolting supplied for
both raised and standard flooring. Leveling feet are provided to align the
flywheel cabinet(s) to the UPS cabinet (precise leveling of the flywheel is not
needed). Complete installation and commissioning takes only an hour or two
vs. a day or two for legacy steel flywheels.

20
 Green Technology
Lead is ranked 2nd in
Elimination of Hazardous Materials US for all hazardous
materials and
No lead mining, smelting, transport, etc. requires proper
disposal - EPA
No lead disposal
No sulfuric acid disposal
No greenhouse gas emissions
No disposal/replacement after only a few years of service
Lasts 20+ years

Energy Reduction
Only 250 W float charge
1/10th that of other flywheels
Annual savings
20,000 kWh/unit deployed
26,000 lbs of carbon emissions/unit deployed
Rapid recharge in seconds
No cooling requirements

From an environmental point of view, the Pentadyne flywheel is the antithesis of

lead-acid batteries. With only trace amounts of lead on its circuit boards, the
Pentadyne flywheel is as hazmat-free as it gets: even the coolant fluid is service-
free, non-toxic, vegetable-oil-based Paratherm. And each Pentadyne cabinet
deployed instead of a steel flywheel saves 20,000 kWh and more than 26,000 lbs of
CO2 emissions per year.

21
 Sustainability Benefits

During its 20-year design life, each

Pentadyne flywheel mitigates the
dumping of 15,000 pounds of lead
and hundreds of gallons of sulfuric
acid into the worlds ecosystem.

Lead acid batteries also emit ozone-

depleting gases, contributing to
global warming. The mining, refining,
transportation and disposal of so
much virgin lead contributes even
more to the carbon footprint.

Each Pentadyne flywheel displaces an average of

more than 300 lead-acid batteries over its design life

Each Pentadyne flywheel cabinet deployed will save the mining, smelting, refining,
transporting and manufacturing of more than 15,000 pounds of virgin lead (UPS
batteries do not use recycled lead) as well as the costs, energy use and hazards of
recycling that that lead into other product uses. Most of the mining of virgin lead
takes place in foreign nations that have little regard for the health and safety of the
people doing this work.

22
 The OTHER Green Advantage

Each Pentadyne flywheel will save more than $100,000 in operating costs over that
of our nearest competitors product. Compared to lead-acid batteries, the savings
per cabinet are more than $150,000. The above cost comparison is inclusive of
operating energy costs, maintenance and HVAC energy use, but not inclusive of
ancillary equipment costs, such as HVAC equipment, acid-spill containment, health
& safety equipment, floorspace, fire hazard permitting, explosive gas sensors, etc.

23
 Nearly 4 Million Operating Hours

A relatively new, but

well-proven technology
First commercial sales in 04
Now worlds leading flywheel
manufacturer
Product is sold by several of
the worlds leading UPS NASA Service Tech Scott Marabito checks the runtime
manufacturers hours on their flywheel operating since 2004.

Installed fleet has surpassed 3.8M hours of operation

Several early units in excess of 40,000 hours
Per one of our earlier customers Rick Shipley @ MasterBrand
Cabinets Its like a Timex: takes a lickin and keeps on tickin
only its too quiet to tick.

Pentadyne has sold and shipped more than 750 flywheels worldwide. The installed
fleet has amassed nearly 4 million hours of operation in commercial settings. So
while the product has been shipping for only 5 years, it is a very well-proven source
of reliable clean energy storage.

24
 Product Specifications

Parameter Specification
Power Level Up to 190 kW
System configuration Single or unlimited parallel
DC voltage range 350 to 850* Vdc
Standby / Heat Diss. <250 W / <900 BTU/hr
Dimensions (footprint) 25 x 33 x 71 (5.7 sq ft)
Weight 1300 lbs
Sound level <45 dBA @ 1 meter
Operating temperature -4F (-20C) to 122F (50C)
Seismic certification Zone 4
Mobility Casters
Serviceability Front access only
Certification UL & CE
* UL certification requirements have an upper limit of 600 Vdc

A quick review of the specifications. Again, note the extremely low energy
consumption, very small footprint, near silent operation and seismic zone 4
certification (the heart of the Pentadyne flywheel was originally designed for
hybrid vehicle applications, i.e. to be driven over potholes all day, so seismic
shaking is a non-issue with this small-mass system).

25
 End-User Benefit Review

100x the reliability of battery strings

99.994% uptime availability: Only ten or fewer 1-hr
PMs over 20 years
1/3 the own & operate costs of 5-min. batteries
Connects & parallels just like battery cabinets
For higher capacity, longer duration, n+1
Eliminates/minimizes battery costs and downtime
Green: sustainable, environmentally responsible
Ultra-low energy consumption: 90% less than that
of competing products
Half the footprint & a quarter the weight of VRLAs
No cooling needs
5-year standard limited warranty (no pro-rating)

26
 Pentadyne Overview
Los Angeles
LABJ
Business Journal
#1 FASTEST
GROWING
PRIVATE
COMPANY
2008

Innovative clean energy storage for UPSs & energy recycling

Multiple innovation awards for both the product and company
Proven product in volume production
>750 units sold and shipped
>400 in the last 18 months
#1 in flywheel production
#1 in staff/talent focused solely on flywheels
Nearly 4 million hours of proven reliable fleet operation
Top channel partners
Worlds leading UPS manufacturers in the U.S., Europe and Asia

Pentadyne has sold and shipped 750 of its cleantech energy storage
systems. These products operate in the diverse, large-scale UPS market
where each unit mitigates the use of hundreds of hazardous lead-acid
batteries, inclusive of battery replacements. The hazmat-free Pentadyne
clean energy storage system is a proven product enjoying rapidly growing
demand in the UPS and energy recycling markets. In the UPS sector,
Pentadyne is an OEM supplier of flywheel energy storage systems, which
are sold by GE, Toshiba and Emerson Network Power (the latter markets
our product as the Liebert FS).

27
 Example Small Colocation

NetAlliant: Tennessee

150-kVA UPS
1 flywheel
No batteries
Protecting server loads
Ride-through to gensets
Drivers:
Short battery life
Batteries had dropped load
Other bad experiences with batteries
Reliability
>300 utility incidents since installation
Flywheel has never let them down

NetAlliants President John Smith echoes the sentiments of most UPS users
when he says, I hate batteries, theyre nothing but trouble. Before installing
a Pentadyne flywheel, two of the VRLA batteries in the string at this
Chattanooga colo didnt just fail during an outage, they actually blew apart,
dropping the server loads and leaking acid. Fortunately, no one was nearby
when it happened. Unfortunately, Smith lost several clients due to the
dropped load incident. Theyve seen more than 300 power disturbances
since the flywheel was installed back in January of 2006. Of course, the
Pentadyne flywheel has never once let them down.

28
 Example Data Center
Strataspace 570,000 sq ft Underground Data Center: Kentucky
450-kVA UPS
3 flywheels, no batteries
Ride-through to genset
Drivers:
Cut O&O costs
Power quality issues
Reliability
Eliminate batteries

This massive underground center near Louisville, Kentucky, has had three
Pentadyne-made Liebert FS flywheel units operating for the last couple years
without any batteries. Theyve never seen a load interruption since.

29
 Example Research Data Center

Scott Technology Center: Nebraska

Six 750-kVA UPSs
24 flywheel systems (4.5 MW)
Protecting data center loads
No batteries
Drivers:
Increase total system reliability
Eliminate batteries & maintenance
Green, sustainable solution
Reduce O&O costs
Minimize footprint
Saved $180,000 in construction
costs that would have been
needed to for wet cells

This R&D center in Omaha chose to eliminate battery costs, headaches and
poor reliability by stringing half a dozen Pentadyne flywheel systems on each
of their four 750-kVA UPSs. They have N+1 redundancy and extended
flywheel running time. Of course, unlike battery sets, if one or more flywheel
systems in the string were ever to fail, the remaining units would carry the
load, albeit for slightly less total duration.

30
 Example - Transportation

Mineta San Jos International Airport: California

50kVA UPS
1 flywheel
Protecting radar and
other critical loads
Battery parallel
Flywheel is first line
of defense
Ride-through to genset
Drivers:
Reliability issues
Maintenance issues

Norman Y. Mineta San Jos International Airport serves the Silicon Valley and
Greater San Francisco Bay Area. The airport moves about 10 million passengers
per year. The Pentadyne system there operates in parallel with a redundant set of
UPS batteries. In this configuration, the Pentadyne system is the first line of defense
against all power issues, isolating the batteries from any such events.

31
 Example Casino
Cache Creek Casino: California
1000-kVA UPS
5 flywheels (and plans for 5 more)
Parallel with 3-minute batteries
Protecting electronic gaming
Drivers:
Reduce maintenance
Increase reliability
Reduce number of batteries
Reduce O&O costs
Extend life of redundant batteries
Environmental responsibility

Cache Creek Casino outside of Sacramento is one of the largest Native American
gaming facilities in the United States. Situated in a rural area, they were at the end
of a PG&E utility line and often suffering very poor power quality and reliability.
Frequent power interruptions were killing their battery sets at an alarming rate. They
now use a bank of five Pentadyne-made Liebert FS systems on their 1 MVA Liebert
610. Because the FS array can smoothly roll off voltage into a battery set if the
generators could not come online, this enables the use of a 3-minute battery set
something you could never do with batteries alone due to coup de fouet issues.

32
 Example Laboratory Equipment

Louisiana State Police Crime Lab

150-kVA UPS
Ride-through to genset
No batteries
Drivers:
Frequent power quality
issues
Batteries had dropped load
Reduce O&O costs
Eliminate batteries
Significantly reduce
maintenance
Unconditioned space

This high-tech crime investigation lab in Baton Rouge has a range of

laboratory devices on their UPS. The UPS, switchgear and energy storage
are all in an unconditioned power room off the main building. Considering the
heat they get down in Southern Louisiana, thats no place for batteries. But
the flywheel has an ambient operating temperature range even greater than
that of the other equipment. And because it is so energy efficient, it
contributes very, very little to the heat in that room: only 1,000 Btu/hr.

33
 Example - Broadcast

KDEN Digital TV: Colorado

225-kVA UPS for two DCX Paragon DT
One flywheel
Eliminated batteries
Ride-through to genset
Reduce O&O costs
Unconditioned space

This NBC-Telemundo digital TV transmission site in a remote area outside of

Denver has eliminated the many frequent trips previously needed to diagnose
battery cell issues and wire in replacement batteries.

34
 Example Hospital

Scripps Green Hospital: California

500-kVA UPS
3 flywheels
Eliminated existing batteries
Catherization lab equipment
Ride-through to gensets
Drivers:
Space constraints
Eliminate batteries
Frequent battery issues
Not enough space to expand
We just cant take risks
Patient safety & reliability of care
Eliminate maintenance
Reduce O&O costs

Heart catheterization lab equipment is notorious for pulse loads that UPS
systems just cant rectify quickly enough, so energy for those sub-second
inrushes have to come out of the UPS energy storage. With hundreds of
those occurring every week, its no wonder that cath labs, MRIs, CT
scanners and other imaging equipment burn through so-called 10-year
VRLA batteries in just 12-18 months. Flywheels, on the other hand, are
completely unaffected by such frequent cycling.

35
 Example Hospital

Sparrow Hospital: Michigan

7 UPSs - from 130 kVA to 1,000 kVA
Total of 18 flywheels, no batteries
Protecting:
Two large data centers
A small IT facility
Cardiologic/neurologic cath lab
CT scanner
MRI scanner
Drivers:
Patient safety
Reduce O&O costs
Short battery life
Battery reliability issues
Battery maintenance issues
Space and weight issues

The 500+ bed Sparrow Hospital in Lansing, Michigan, has more than a half-
dozen larger-scale Liebert UPSs and a total of 18 Pentadyne-made Liebert
FS flywheel systems on loads ranging from a large data center to medical
diagnostic equipment.

36
 Example Manufacturing

GlaxoSmithKline: North Carolina

One 400-kVA UPS
3 flywheels (N+1), no batteries
Protecting data center loads
Drivers:
Short battery life
Reduce O&O costs
Battery reliability issues
Battery maintenance issues
Space constraints
Environmental impact

This GlaxoSmithKline pharmaceutical facility in North Carolina uses three

Pentadyne-made Liebert FS systems for extended runtime and N+1
redundancy. With little room for load growth, the footprint of the three FS
systems are about half what would be needed for VRLA battery cabinets.
The system you see here is installed in an area that has no air conditioning.

37
 Example Education

Tacoma & Puyallup School Districts: Washington

One 150-kVA UPS at Puyallup
One 80-kVA UPS at Tacoma
One flywheel at each location
Protecting data center loads
Drivers:
Battery maintenance issues
Environmental impact
Short battery life
Reduce O&O costs
Battery reliability issues

Two different school districts, located just a few miles apart in the state of
Washington, each use a Pentadyne flywheel without batteries to ensure
continuity of their centralized server banks. Other educational facilities using
Pentadyne flywheels include several universities, including one in Nebraska
that has 24 Pentadyne-made Liebert FS units in a battery-free configuration.

38
 Recap: Value, Performance

Proven: 100x greater reliability

>800,000 hrs between dropped load incidents vs. about 8,000 hrs with battery strings

Unparalleled uptime availability: 99.994%

Ten or fewer, 1-hour maintenance intervals over the course of 20 years

Exceptional energy efficiency

90% less energy consumption than competing flywheels

Exceptional cost efficiency

About 1/3 the O&O costs of a comparable capacity 5-minute VRLA string

Carbon-fiber: high strength, light weight

Small footprint, high energy density, no floor loading issues

Patented magnetic levitation

No mechanical bearings, no bearing maintenance, no wear, no friction

Patented molecular vacuum sleeve

No vacuum pump, no pump maintenance, eliminates another point of failure

A safe, green solution

Sustainable, efficient, no hazmats, no health & safety risks

The award-winning Pentadyne flywheel uses a carbon fiber mass to deliver a small
footprint, high energy density and to enable magnetic levitation that eliminates bearing
failures and maintenance. Its intelligent design also eliminates the mechanical vacuum
pump as another point of failure and maintenance. With only 10 or less hours of
downtime service over its 20-year design life, the Pentadyne flywheel delivers
amazing uptime availability: 99.994%. Its exceptional energy efficiency reduces own
and operate costs radically over batteries and other flywheels while its technological
achievements, proven in nearly 4 million hours of commercial site operation, delivers
two orders of magnitude greater reliability.

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