RAFFLES INSTITUTION

H2 Mathematics (9758)
2017 Year 5

Promotion Exam Practice Paper 2

(Adapted from 2013 RI Promotion and Preliminary Examinations)

1 A curve C is given by the equation x y a , for x 0, y 0 , where a is a

positive constant.

(i) Show that C has no stationary point. [3]

(ii) What can be said about the tangents to C as x 0 ? [1]

1 Solution Comment
(i) x y a
Simpler to use implicit
Differentiating implicitly wrt x :
differentiation.
1 1 dy
0
2 x 2 y dx
dy y
0 for x 0, y 0
dx x
Hence C has no stationary points.
Alternative Method:
y a x y a x2 a x
dy a
1
dx x
Since x y a and x 0, y 0, a 0, we have
a dy
a x 1 and 0.
x dx
Hence C has no stationary points.
(ii) As x 0 , the tangent to C approaches the vertical Tangent is a line. It is not
line x 0 sufficient to describe the gradient
which measures the slope of the
line.

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2 A shop selling biscuits gave the following offers. A customer who bought a total of 5 or
more packets of biscuits was given a discount, regardless of the types of biscuits bought.
A 10 % discount was given if 5 to 8 packets were bought and a 20 % discount if more
than 8 packets were bought.

The following table shows the number of packets bought and the total amounts that three
customers paid.

Type of Biscuits Mrs Chan Mr Lim Mr Tan

Cream 3 5 2
Marie 1 2 1
Almond 3 5 1
Total amount paid in $ 10.35 15.72 6.40

Calculate the price per packet for each type of biscuit before the discount. [4]

2 Solution Comment
Let the price of a packet of Cream, Marie and Almond Define variables
biscuit before discount be $a, $b and $c respectively. clearly!

0.9(3a b 3c) 10.35

3a b 3c 11.5 --- (1)
0.8(5a 2b 5c) 15.72
5a 2b 5c 19.65 --- (2)
2a b c = 6.40 --- (3)

Using GC, a 1.60, b 1.45, c 1.75

the price of a packet of Cream, Marie and Almond

biscuit before discount is $1.60, $1.45 and $1.75
respectively.

1 2
3 By using an algebraic method, solve the inequality
2x 1 x 5 . [4]
1 2
Hence, for 0 x 2 , solve exactly. [2]
2cos x 1 cos x 5

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3 1 2 Always check
[4] whether the
2x 1 x 5
1 2 endpoints satisfy the
0 inequality.
2x 1 x 5
x 5 2(2 x 1)
0
2 x 1 x 5
x 5 4x 2
0
2 x 1 x 5
3x 7 2 x 1 x 5 0, x 0.5, 5
3x 7 2 x 1 x 5 0
1 7 5 1 7
5 x or x 2 3
2 3

[2] 1 2 Question requires

for 0 x 2 exact endpoints.
2cos x 1 cos x 5

Replace x with cos x .

1 7
Then 5 cos x or cos x
2 3
(N.A. since 1 cos x 1)
1
1 cos x (since 1 cos x 1)
2

Sketch the graph of

y cos x to solve
the inequality

5
x
3 3

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3 5x2
4(i) Expand 2
in ascending powers of x , up to and including the term in x 4 . [3]
4 x

(ii) State the set of values of x for which the expansion is valid. [2]

3 5x2
(iii) Find the coefficient of x 2013 in the expansion of , in ascending powers of x . [1]
4 x2

4 Solution Comments
(i) 1
3 5x2 1 2 x2
4 4
1
= 3 5 x 2
4 x 2
3 5 x 1 Remember to bring 4 to
4 x2 the power of 1
1 x 2 4

= 3 5 x 2 1
x
...
4 4 16
3 17 2 17 4
x x ...
4 16 64

(ii) x2
1 x2 4 2 x 2
4
i.e. x ( 2, 2) Set notation

(iii) There is no odd power term in the series as can be observed

from part (i), thus the coefficient of x 2013 is 0.

x 2 ax b
5 The curve C has equation y . The vertical asymptote of C is x 2 , and
cx
the coordinates of the turning points are 4, 2 and 0, 6 .

(i) Find the values of a, b and c. [3]

(ii) Sketch C, stating the equations of the asymptotes. [2]

(iii) By drawing an appropriate graph on the sketch of C, find the range of values of k
2
2 x 2 ax b
k 0 such that the equation x 4 k 2 has no real roots.
c x

[2]
5 Solution
(i) x 2 is a vertical asymptote, c 2
C passes through 4, 2 and 0, 6

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2
2
4 a 4 b
2 4
4a b 12 (1)

6
0 2 a 0 b
2 0
b 12
Substituting into (1), a 6

(ii)
x 2 6 x 12 y
y
2 x

4, 2
k
x
4, 0 O

0, 6

y x 4
x 2
2
x 6 x 12 4
y x 4
x 2 x2

(iii) x 2 ax b
2
2
x 4
c x
k2

2 2 x 2 6 x 12
equivalent to x 4 y k 2 and y
x 2
The appropriate graph to draw is a circle with radius k units, centred at 4, 0 .
For the equation to have no real roots, 0 k 2

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2 1 2

6 The line l has equation r = 1 1 , R and the plane has equation r. 1 7 .
3 1 1

(i) Find the position vector of the point of intersection,A, of l and . [3]

It is given that is the acute angle between l and .

(ii) Find the exact value of sin . [2]
(iii) The point B has coordinates (2, 1, 3). Hence or otherwise, find the shortest distance
from B to , giving your answer in the exact form. [2]

6 Solution
(i) 2 1 2
1
1 1 1 7 4 2 1 3 7 2
3 1 1

Position vector of the point of intersection A is
2 1 3
1 1
OA = 1 1 3
3 2 1 2 5

(ii) 1 2

1 1
1 1
2 2
cos 90 sin

.
3 6 3 2 3

(iii) 3 2 1
1 1
BA OA OB = 3 1 1 .
2 2
5 3 1
1
1 2 3 2 1
Shortest distance BA sin 1 .
2 3 2 3 6
1
Or
Shortest distance
2 1 1 2
BA 1 1 1
2 1 2
1 1 1 2
1
.
2 6 6 6
1

1

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7 OABC is a trapezium such that OA is parallel to CB, and CB : OA= k :1, where k is a
positive constant, and k 1 .

Given that OA = a, OB = b, and X and Y are the midpoints of OB and AC respectively, find
the following vectors in terms of k, a and b

(i) OC , [1]

(ii) OY . [2]
Hence show that XY is parallel to OA. [2]

It is given that OB and AC intersect at the point D. Find the ratio, in terms of k, between the
area of the triangle XYD and the area of the triangle BCD. [2]

7 Solution
(i)
C B
D

X Y

O A


OC OB BC b ka
(ii) By the Ratio Theorem,
1 1 1 k
2
2
1
OY OC OA b ka a b
2 2
a.

1 1 1 k 1 k
XY XO OY b + b a OA
2 2 2 2

XY is parallel to OA.
XY XY 1 1 k 1 k

CB kOA k 2 2k
Hence the required ratio is 1 k : 4k 2
2

2N
8 (a) Express, in simplified form, 2
r N 1
r
3N in terms of N . [3]

1 1
(b) The nth term, un , of a series is given by un 2 .
n n n 3n 2
2

N
Use the method of difference to find u
n 1
n in terms of N .

State the sum to infinity of the series. [4]

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8 Solution
(a) 2N 2 N 1 2 N 1
2
r N 1
r
3 N
2 1
( N )(3N ) 2 N 1 2 N 1 N 3N

(b) N N
1 1
u n
n 1
n
n 1
2
2
n n 3n 2
N
1 1

n 1 n n 1 n 1 n 2
1 1

1 2 2 3
1 1

2 3 3 4
1 1

3 4 4 5
.....
1 1

N 1 N N N 1
1 1

N N 1 N 1 N 2
1 1

2 N 1 N 2

1 1
As N , 0, un
N 1 N 2 n 1 2

9 The line L passes through the fixed point, C, with coordinates (2,3) and the
variable point A, with coordinates t , 0 where t 2 . The line L meets the
y axis at point B as shown in the diagram.
y

B
C

A x
O

3t
(i) Show that the y -coordinate of B can be expressed as . [2]
t 2
(ii) Use differentiation to find the value of t , for which the area of triangle OAB is a
minimum. [5]

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9 Solution
(i) BO CD
Using similar triangles BOA and CDA , where D is (2, 0) , we have .
OA DA
(CD)(OA) 3t
BO y coordinate of B (shown)
DA t 2

OR: (using gradient) OR: (using equation of line)

Let coordinates of B (0, b) . 30 3

Gradient of L
Gradient of AB Gradient of AC 2t 2t
b 0 30 3
Equation of L is y 0 (x t)
0t 2t 2t
3(t ) 3t At point B , x 0
i.e. b (shown) 3 3t
2t t 2 y (t ) (shown)
2t t 2
(ii)
Let T be area of triangle OAB .
1 1 3t 3t 2
Then T (OA)(OB ) (t )
2 2 t 2 2(t 2)

dT 3 (t 2)(2t ) t 2 3t (t 4)

dt 2 (t 2)2 2(t 2)
2

dT
At stationary values of T , 0
dt
3t (t 4) 0
t 0 (rejected t 2) or t 4

Using first derivative test, OR: (second derivative test)

t 4 4 4 d 2T 3 (t 2) 2 (2t 4) (t 2 4t )(2t 4)

12
(t 2)3
t4 ve 0 ve dt 2 2 (t 2) 4
dT d 2T
ve 0 ve When t 4 , 2 1.5 0
dt dt
Tangent

Area of triangle OAB is a minimum when t 4 .

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10 The function f is defined as follows :

2 x, 0 x 2,

f ( x) x(2 x)
4 , 2 x 4.

(i) Sketch the graph of f and show that the inverse function of f exists. [3]

(ii) Sketch the graph of f 1 on the same diagram as the graph of f, showing clearly
their relationship.
State the range of values of x for which f ( x) f 1 ( x) . [3]

(iii) Solve f 1 x 3 . [2]

10 Solution
(i)

Every horizontal line y k , 2 k 2 cuts the graph of f at exactly 1 point.

Therefore f is 1-1 and f 1 exists.
(ii) The set of values of x for which f ( x) f 1 ( x) is [0,2].

(iii) 3(2 3) 3
f 1 x 3 x f 3
4 4

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11 A decorative fish tank is in the shape of an inverted pyramid as seen in the diagram
below. AO , AB and AC are mutually perpendicular, with lengths AB AC 50 cm and
AO 100 cm .
B

A C

O
After construction, it was discovered that water leaks from the tank at O at a rate
proportional to the depth z cm of water in the tank. Water is pumped into the tank at a
constant rate of 200 cm 3s 1 and it was observed that the depth of water is increasing at a
rate of 0.8 cm s 1 when z 40.

dz 8
(i) Show that (200 z ) where t is time measured in seconds. [4]
dt z 2

(ii) Find the shortest time it takes to completely fill an empty tank, giving your answer to
the nearest second. [5]

[The volume of a pyramid is 13 base area height. ]

Please ignore Qn 11(ii) as the topic involved, ordinary differential equation, has not
been taught yet.

11 Solution
(i) AO 100 2
Note that
AC 50 1
When the depth of water is z , the volume of water in the tank V ( z ) is given by
1 1 1
2
1 3
V z z z .
3 2 2 24
At a time t , rate of change of volume is
dV
rate in rate out
dt
200 kz ,

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where k is a positive constant.

dV dV dz 1 2 dz
Using the chain rule, z ,
dt dz dt 8 dt

1 2 dz dz 8
So z 200 kz 200 kz .
8 dt dt z 2
dz 8
0.8 when z 40, so 0.8 2 200 40k k 1.
dt 40
dz 8
Hence (200 z ) (Shown)
dt z 2
(ii) Please ignore Qn 11(ii) as the topic involved, ordinary differential equation, has not
been taught yet.

12 [Give all answers correct to the nearest dollar.]

Mr Tan decides to set up a scholarship fund for worthy students. On 1 January 2013, he
places this scholarship fund in a bank investment which guarantees an annual interest rate
of 2.5%. This interest is added to the fund at the end of each year. Theannual scholarship
award of $2000 is first awarded on 1 January 2014.
(i) To award the scholarship for year 2014, find the minimum amount of money $k that
Mr Tan needs for the fund. If the annual scholarship is to be given out for years 2014
and 2015, show that in addition to $k , Mr Tan will need at least a further $1904,
correct to the nearest dollar, for the fund. [3]
(ii) Find the minimum amount Mr Tan needs for the scholarship fund if he wants the
annual scholarship to be given out for 10 consecutive years. [3]
(iii) Find the minimum amount Mr Tan needs for the scholarship fund if he intends to
keep the scholarship going long into the future. [2]

12 Solution
(i) Let $k be the amount needed for the fund to award the scholarship for 2014.
2000
(1.025)k 2000 and thus k 1951.22 1951 (correct to the nearest dollar)
1.025

For additional amount needed :

Method 1 :
Additional amount needed
2000
= $ 2
$1903.63 $1904 (nearest $)
(1.025)

Method 2 :
Let x be the additional amount needed.

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1.025(1.025(k x) 2000) 2000

k x 3854.1951
x 3854.1951 1951.22 1904 (nearest $).
Hence x 1904 (nearest $).
(ii) Method 1
Amount needed
2000 2000 2000
= 2
....
1.025 (1.025) (1.025)10
1
1
2000 1.02510
= = 17504.13
1.025 1 1
1.025
= 17504 dollars (to nearest dollars)

Method 2
Either
a10 0
1.02510 1
1.02510 x 2000 0
1.025 1
1.02510 1
2000
1.025 1
x 17504 (nearest $)
1.02510

Or
b9 2000
1.0259 1
1.02510 x 2000(1.025) 2000
1.025 1
1.0259 1
2000 2000(1.025)
1.025 1
x 17504 (nearest $)
1.02510
(iii) Method 1
Amount needed
2000 2000 2000
...
1.025 (1.025) (1.025)3
2

2000 1
= = 80 000 dollars
1.025 1 1
1.025
Method 2
Either

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an 0
1.025n 1
1.025 x 2000
n
0
1.025 1
1.025n 1
2000
x 1.025 1 80000 1 1 1
80000 as n since 0
1.025n 1.025
n
1.025n

Or
bn 2000
1.025n 1 1
1.025n x 2000(1.025) 2000
1.025 1
1.025n 1 1
2000 2000(1.025)
1.025 1
x
1.025n
2000 82000(1.025n 1 1)

1.025n
82000 80000 1
80000 as n since 0
1.025 1.025 n
1.025n

Method 3 :
For scholarship to continue indefinitely, yearly interest earned should be sufficient for
the scholarship awarded for the following year. Hence
2000
Minimum amount = 80000
0.025

13 A graphing calculator is not to be used in answering this question.

Referred to the origin O , the points A and B have position vectors 7i 2 j 8k and
i 5 j 8k respectively. The plane 1 has equation 2 x y 2 z 5 .
(i) The point C is the foot of the perpendicular from A to 1 .
Find the position vector of C . [3]
(ii) The plane 2 contains the line AB and is perpendicular to 1 .
Find an equation of 2 in scalar product form. [3]
(iii) The line l is the common line of intersection between 1 and 2 .
Verify that l is parallel to the vector 2i 2 j k .
Without any further calculation, write down the cartesian equation of l . [3]

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13 Solution
(i) 2 7 2

1 : r 1 5 and l AC : r 2 1 , where


2 8 2

7 2

C is on l AC OC 2 for some
8 2

2 7 2 2

C is on 1 OC 1 5 , i.e. 2 1 5
2 8 2 2

(14 4 ) (2 ) (16 4 ) 5
3
7 2 1

Hence OC 2 3 1 = 1 , i.e. OC i j 2k
8 2 2

(ii) 1 7 6 2

AB 5 2 3 // 1 // 2 , since 2 contains l AB
8 8 0 0

2
2 1 2 // normal of 1 // 1
2

2 2 2 1
Hence normal of 2 // 1 1 4 // 2
0 2 4 2

1 7 1
Equation of 2 is r 2 2 2 , i.e. r (i 2 j 2k ) 5
2 8 2

(iii) 2 2 2 1
Since 2 1 4 2 2 0 and 2 2 2 4 2 0 ,

1 2 1 2

2i 2 j k is to both normal of 1 and normal of 2 .

Hence 2i 2 j k is parallel to l (verified).

From (i) and (ii), we can deduce that C is on both 1 and 2 .
Hence the cartesian equation of l is
x 1 y ( 1) z 2 1 x y 1
, i.e. z2
2 2 1 2 2

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14 (a) If one of the roots of the equation z 3 2 z k 0 is i , find k .

Hence find the other two roots. [4]

(b) The complex number w has modulus r and argument .

1
(i) Write down in the form x iy . [1]
w

Given that w satisfies

500
3 w 40i ,
w
use a non-calculator method to find, in either order,
(ii) the value of r ,
(iii) the complex number w in the form x iy .
[6]
14 Solution Comment
(a) Since z i is a root, Since it is not mentioned that
i3 2i k 0 k i k is real, we cannot assume
that z i is another root of
Hence the equation becomes z 3 2 z i 0 . the equation.
z 3 2 z i ( z i)( z 2 az 1)
Comparing coefficient of z 2 , 0 a i a i .

i i 2 4(1)(1) i 5 i i 5
For z 2 iz 1 0 , z
2(1) 2 2

i+i 5 i i 5
Hence the other 2 roots are and .
2 2

(b) 1 1 1 1
(i) , arg arg(1) arg( w)
w w r w
1 1
[cos( ) i sin( )]
w r
1
(cos i sin )
r
1 1
cos i sin
r r

(b) 500
(ii) 3 w 40i
w
500
(cos i sin ) 3r 40i
r

Comparing real and imaginary parts,

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500 500
cos 3r , sin 40
r r
3r 2 40r
cos , sin
500 500

sin 2 cos 2 1
2 2
3r 2 40r
1 (*)
500 500
9r 4 1600r 2 250000 0
( r 2 100)(9r 2 2500) 0
( r 10)(r 10)(9r 2 2500) 0

1
Since exist, r , so r 10
w

(b) 3 4
Subst r 10 , cos , sin
(iii) 5 5
3 4
w 10 i 6 8i
5 5

Alternative Solution:
500
Consider the modulus of both sides of 3 w 40i,
w
500
We get 3r 40i (3r ) 2 40 2 . Squaring both sides,
r
(*) is obtained.

~~~~~ End of Paper ~~~~~

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