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University of Pune, Pune

In Partial Fulfilment of Requirements

For the Award of Degree of

    



DECLARATION

I, the undersigned, hereby declare that the Project Report entitled ³««««
««««« «´ written and submitted by me to the University of Pune, Pune in
partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of degree of Master of Business
Administration under the guidance of ««««««.. is my original work and the
conclusions drawn therein are based on the material collected by myself.

Place : Pune (Name)

Date: Research Student

 È 

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Project Report entitled ³««««««««««««««´

which is being submitted herewith for the award of the degree of Master of Business
Administration of University of Pune, Pune is the result of the original research work
completed by Mr «««««««««««««««« under my supervision and
guidance and to the best of my knowledge and belief the work embodied in this
Project Report has not formed earlier the basis for the award of any degree or similar
title of this or any other University or examining body.

Place : Pune (Name of the Guide)

Date: Research Student


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CONTENTS

Page No

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

LIST OF TABLES

LIST OF FIGURES

CHAPTER I :

CHAPTER II :

CHAPTER III :

CHAPTER IV :

CHAPTER V :

BIBLIOGRAPHY :

ANNEXURE
   

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For Example :

LIST OF TABLES

Table No. Title of the Table Page No.

Table No. 1.1

Table No. 1.2

Table No. 2.1

Table No. 2.2

Table No. 3.1

Table No. 3.2

Table No. 4.1

Table No. 4.2

Table No. 5.1

Table No. 5.2

Tables may be more or less depending upon the tables in each chapter
  È 

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For Example :

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No. Title of the Figure Page No.

Figure No. 1.1

Figure No. 1.2

Figure No. 2.1

Figure No. 2.2

Figure No. 3.1

Figure No. 3.2

Figure No. 4.1

Figure No. 4.2

Figure No. 5.1

Figure No. 5.2

Figure No. 5.3

Figure No. 5.4

Figures may be more or less depending upon the figure in each chapter


 
 
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Chapter I

Introduction

This is the chapter of the project, which should cover the following points :

1.1› Basic Theoretical Concepts and Contexts of the Topic

1.2› Literature Review
1.3› Need for the study
1.4› Statement of the Problem
1.5› Objectives of the Project
1.6› Research Hypotheses
1.7› Scope of the Study

The detail descriptions of these points are as under :

1.1› Basic Theoretical Concepts and Contexts of the Topic

This point should cover the following :

˜› Basic concepts related to the topic

˜› The theoretical context of the concerned discipline of the problem
should be specified.

1.2› Literature Review

This point should cover the following :

˜› A Brief of overview of work already done in the area of the selected

research topic
˜› Minimum ten projects /Articles should be reviewed
˜› Review write up should be scientific manner covering
1.› Name of the author whose paper is under review
2.› Title and objectives in summery form
 3.› Methodology adopted to study the objectives
4.› summarizing the major findings
5.› Highlighting researches gaps.

˜› Scientific style of foot not reference.

1.3› Need for the study

This point should cover the following :

˜› Why this study

˜› Sources of key originating research questions(s)
˜› The selected problem in the theoretical context of the concerned
discipline should be specified
1.4› Statement of the Problem
This point should cover the following

˜› The problem to be investigated should be presented clearly and briefly

˜› Statement should emerge from the need for the study
˜› It should be object oriented
˜› It should be eye view of the project
˜› It should be in inverted commas
1.5› Objectives of the Project
The point should cover the following:

˜› The objectives of the project should be made in clear, specific and

precise terms.
˜› The objective of the project should be put in serial points
˜› They should cover summary of the title of the research project they
should be in minimum words.
˜› They should be in minimum words
˜› They should indicate scope of the study
˜› They should drive the research Project
1.6› Research Hypotheses
The point should cover the following:

˜› A Hypothesis is a tentative generalization ± the validity of which

remains to be tested.
˜› Specify research hypotheses that you wish to investigate in this study.
˜› They should be clear, specific & precise.
˜› They should state the relationship of variables.
˜› They should be simple
˜› They should be limited in scope.
˜› They should be testable statements.
˜› They should be in minimum number
 1.7› Scope of the Study
The point should cover the following:

˜› Specific mention should be made of the rational scope of the research

problem of the project, such as:
˜› Geographical scope of the study.
˜› The topical scope of the study.
˜› The functional scope of the study

Chapter II

Profile of the Organization

This is the second chapter of the project, which should envelop the following points :

2.1 Current status of the company

2.2 Future plans of the Organization

2.3 Any other relevant information of the Organization

The detail descriptions of these points are as under:

2.1 Current status of the company

The Point should cover the following:

˜› Current market position of company should be given.

 ˜› Current financial positions of company should be given
˜› Reasons for profit/loss should be discussed.
˜› Marketing strategies should be listed.

2.2› Future plans of the Organization

The point should cover the following:

˜› Future plans of company if any should be specified

2.3 Any other relevant information of the Organization.

This point should cover the following:

˜› Any other relevant information regarding the company should be given.

Chapter III

Research Design and Methodology

A good research design ensures against wasteful expenditure of time, money and energy.
Thus chapter should contain information on the following points :

3.1 Sampling Design

3.2 Source and methods of Data collection

3.3 Methods of data analysis and statistical Techniques

3.4 Key concepts and definitions

3.5 Limination of the Study

The detail description of these points are as under :

3.1 Sampling Design

This point should cover the following:

˜› Define population with reference to project

˜› Sampling unit should be specified
˜› Sampling frame should be defined
˜› Sample size should be defined
˜› Sampling Procedure Statistically /Judgement should be defined
˜› Know the budgetary constraints.
˜› Understand sampling errors.
˜› An explanation of the determination of size and type of sample will also
be necessary
˜› Proposals not requiring a sample selection should specify their strategy
appropriately and describe the rationale.

3.2 Source and methods of Data collection

This point should cover the following :

The different types of data that are proposed to be gathered and to be used
should be specifically mentioned. Data collection methods may be as:

˜›

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› Observation,
› Field Observation
› Interview schedule,
› 'uestionnaire,
› Discussion,

˜› Sources of secondary data collection :

› Abstract database,
› Full text database,
› Online database,
› Unpublished database,

˜› The sources for each type of data and the tools and techniques that will
be used for collecting different types of data should be specified.
 3.3 Methods of data analysis and statistical Techniques :

The point should cover the following

˜› Different types of data analysis techniques used in the research

project should be specifically mentioned. Such as:

› Basic analytical tools, which include Tabular Analysis, Graphical

Analysis, Percentage Analysis, or Ratio Analysis etc. should be
specified.
› Project students can use some advanced techniques in the project
for data analysis which includes Regression Analysis,
Multivariate Analyses, ANOVA etc., Should be specified.

3.4 Key concepts and definitions:

This point should cover the following:

˜› If some special technical terms used in the research project, those

terms should be defined clearly.

3.6 Lamination of the Study

This point should cover the following:

˜› Major limitations of the study should be specified.

Chapter IV

Data Presentation, Analysis and interpretation

This chapter should contain information on the following points:

4.1 Getting data ready for analysis

4.2 Data analysis

4.3 Interpretation of results

4.4 Discussion on results derived

4.5 Research 'uestions Answered

The detail description of these points is as under:

4.1 Getting data ready for analysis

˜› Editing data
˜› Handling blank responses
˜› Coding data
˜› Categorizing data
˜› Creating data file
˜› Programming

4.2 Data analysis

˜› Present data in tabular forms :

i.› Frequency table
ii.› Response tables
iii.› Contingency tables
iv.› Unvaried tables
v.› Bivariate tables
vi.› Statistical tables
vii.› Time series tables

˜› All tables should have technical features, such as :

i.› Table Number
 ii.› Title of the table
iii.› Captions ( columns Heading)
iv.› Stubs( Row heading)
v.› Table Body
vi.› Head Body
vii.› Foot Note

˜› Feel for the data (Optional) depending on type of data

1. Use Basic of statistics such as

i.› Frequencies
ii.› Mean
iii.› Standard Deviation
iv.› Coefficient of Variation
v.› Correlation
vi.› ANOVA
vii.› Etc.

2. Get the basic findings / inferences.

4.1 Interpretation of results

˜› Feel what findings / results are

˜› Mean what findings say
˜› Read whink and present the inference

4.2 Discussion on results derived :

˜› Link the objectives with results of the data

˜› Implications of findings
˜› Personal perspective of the students on derived results
 4.3 Research 'uestions Answered:

˜› Feel the research questions are answered

˜› Draw and Develop conclusions or generalisations

Chapter V

Findings and Suggestions

This chapter should cover the following :

5.1› Main Findings

5.2› Policy Suggestions
5.3› Scope for further research

5.1› Main Findings

˜› Findings are statements of factual information based upon the data analysis
˜› List all the major findings of the project serially
˜› Put the findings in sequence of the study

5.2› Policy Suggestions

˜› Policy Suggestions or Recommendations should flow from the findings
˜› They should be very rational and practical
˜› They should be specific
˜› They should be indicative

5.3› Scope for further research

˜› Project study should indicate scope for further research

III)› Terminal Items :

This point should cover the following points :

1.› Bibliography
 2.› Appendices
˜› 'uestionnaires or Interview Schedules
˜› Complex Tables
˜› Technical Note

3.› Glossary terms

4.› Index

 
% " &

A bibliography is the listing of the work that is relevant to the main topic of the
research interest arranged in the alphabetical order of the last names of the author (s).
A reference list is a subset of the bibliography, which includes details of all the
citation used in the literature survey and elsewhere in the report, arranged again, in
the alphabetical order of the last names of the author(s).

At least three modes of referencing are followed in the business research. These are
based on the format provided in the publication manual of the American
Psychological Association (APA), (2001), the Chicago Manual Style (1993), and the
Turabian style (1996).

Each of these style specifies with examples, how books, journals, newspapers,
dissertations and other documentation materials are to be referenced in the
manuscript. Since the APA format is followed for referencing by many journals in
the management area, the monograph will highlight the distinctions in how books,
journals, newspapers, dissertations and other documentation materials are referenced
using APA format as specimen referencing format below :

Book by single Author :

1.› Benni, Basavaraj, S., (2005) Dairy Cooperative Management and Practice,
Rawat Publication, Jaipur

Book by more than one author :

 1.› Krishnaswamy, K.N., Appa, Iyer, Sivakumar, & Mathirajan. M., (2006),
Management Research Methodology : Integration of Principles, Methods and
Techniques, Pearson Education, New Delhi.

More than one Book by the same author :

1.› Roy, A., (1998a) Chaos theory, McMillan Publishing Enterprise, New York.
2.› Roy, A., (1998b) Classic Chaos, McMillan Publishing Enterprise, New York.

More than one Book by the same author :

1.› Pennathur, A., Leong, F.T., & Schuster, K (Eds), (1998), Style and substance
of thinking, Paradise Publishers, New York.

Chapter in the edited book :

1.› Benni, Basavaraj, S., (2007), Infrastructural Development and Regional

Disparity ± A Comparative District Level Analysis in Karnataka, in Dash
L.N., (Ed ) Economics of Infrastructure, Regal Publication, New Delhi.

Journal Article :

1.› Benni, Basavaraj, S., (2006), Sugar Factory Efficiency Measurement :

Application of Data Envelopment Analysis ± A New Insight for Managers,
Paradigm, The Research Journal of Institute for Management and Technology,
Vol. X, No. 2, July ± December.

Conference Proceedings Publication :

1.› Benni, Basavaraj, S., (2007), Status of Public Services in Karnataka ± A

Comparative District Level Analysis, in Shahu, A., (Ed), Proceedings of the
Second International Conference on Services Management, Oxford Brookes
University & IIMT New Delhi.

Doctoral Dissertation :

1.› Benni, Basavaraj, S., (2001), Dairy Co-Operative Societies in Karnataka,

unpublished doctoral dissertation, Karnatak University, Dharwad.

Paper presentation at conference :

 1.› Benni, Basavaraj, S., (2004, August 27th to 29th), Empowering Decision
Making Capacity of Global Corporate Managers through Econometric Tools,
paper presented a for ³Best Research Paper Competition´ in 16th Annual
Management Education Convention, conducted by Association of Indian
Management Schools, Goa.

Government Publication :

1.› Ministry of Law, Government of India, (1960), The Copyright Act, 14 of

1957, Delhi

Unpublished Manuscript :

1.› Pringle, P.S., (1991), Training and Development in 90s, unpublished

manuscript, Southern Illinos University, Diamondale, IL.