Huawei 5

RIP Troubleshooting
www.huawei.com
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved

In allusion to principle of RIP routing
protocol, this course introduce the
method and step of troubleshooting
from route receiving and sending,
and introduce a simple example
of troubleshooting
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Upon completion of this course, you will
be able to:
Master troubleshooting method

and step of RIP route receiving
Master troubleshooting method

and step of RIP route sending

Chapter 1 Basic Principle Review
Chapter 2 RIP Route Receiving

Troubleshooting
Chapter 3 RIP Route Sending

Troubleshooting
Chapter 4 Example of RIP Troubleshooting

RIP Routing Protocol Overview
RIP: Routing Information Protocol

It is a distance-vector routing protocol and belongs to IGP
protocol
RIP is suitable for small scale network, and includes two
version: RIPv1 and RIPv2
RIP uses UDP as transport layer to exchange routing
information, its port number is 520.
RIP supports split horizon, poisoned reverse and trigger

update

RIPv1 vs. RIPv2
RIPv1 is a class routing protocol, not supports

VLSM and CIDR
It sends message via broadcast.

It does not support authentication
RIPv2 is a classless routing protocol, supports

VLSM, route aggregation and CIDR.
It supports sending message via broadcast or
multicast address (240.0.0.9)
It supports plain text authentication and MD5
authentication.

Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting

Typical Network Environment
RTA RTB
S0/0
Loopback 0 192.168.1.1/24 Loopback 0
172.16.1.1/24 S0/0 10.1.1.1/24
192.168.1.2/24
Loopback 1 Loopback 1
172.17.1.1/24 10.2.1.1/24
After configuring all the routers, it finds that all or a part of routes
are not received, or using command display ip routing-table
shows that there are no route discovered by RIP.

The router yes yes yes whether no
whether the whether the whether
doesnt input- output-interface RIP version configuring
receive all or interface is works normally is same undo rip
a part of routes enabled input
no no no yes
make sure the

configuring the undo this
enable interface input-interface
same RIP version command
works normally
no no no no
problem problem problem problem

resolved resolved resolved resolved
yes yes yes yes

no no whether no whether no
no whether whether the cost of there is
configured configured received route is
filter rip metricin better route
more than 16
policy
seek
technology
yes yes yes yes support
make sure the reduce

policy not configure
filter the route d value
no no finish
problem problem
resolved resolved
yes yes

Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting

Typical Network Environment
RTA RTB
S0/0
Loopback 0 192.168.1.1/24 Loopback 0
172.16.1.1/24 S0/0 10.1.1.1/24
192.168.1.2/24
172.17.1.1/24 10.2.1.1/24
After configuring all routers, it finds that all or a part of routes are
not sent.

The router yes yes whether yes whether no
whether the whether the
doesnt output-interface output-interface configured configuring
send all is enable works normally silent-interface undo rip
or part routes output
no no no yes
make sure the

undo this undo this
enable interface output-interface
command command
works normally
no no no no
problem problem problem problem

resolved resolved resolved resolved
yes yes yes yes

no no whether yes whether no
no whether whether the status of there is
configured configured local interface other problem
split Filter is normal
horizon policy
seek
technology
yes yes no yes support
make sure the make sure the make sure the

policy not local interface configuration
filter the route works normally of multicast
peer is right
no no finish
problem problem problem
resolved resolved resolved
yes yes yes yes

Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting

Unsuited Authentication Key
authentication fails, cant receive the
RTA data packet from neighbor RTB
172.16.2.1/24 E0/0 E0/0 172.16.3.2/24
172.16.1.1/24 172.16.1.2/24
interface Ethernet0/0 interface Ethernet0/0

ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0 ip address 172.16.1.2 255.255.255.0
rip authentication-mode simple huawei rip authentication-mode simple huawei1
rip version 2 multicast rip version 2 multicast
# #
interface LoopBack0 interface LoopBack0
# #
rip rip
network 172.16.0.0 network 172.16.0.0

Unsuited Authentication Key
[RTB]display ip routing-table
Routing Table: public net
Destination/Mask Protocol Pre Cost Nexthop Interface
172.16.2.0/24 RIP 100 1 172.16.1.1 Ethernet0/0
RTA RTB
172.16.2.1/24 E0/0 E0/0 172.16.3.2/24
172.16.1.1/24 172.16.1.2/24

rip authentication-mode simple huawei rip authentication-mode simple huawei

Reach the Limit of RIP Hop Count
RIP: Receive Response from 172.16.1.2 via Ethernet0/0(224.0.0.9)
Packet:vers 2, cmd Response, length 44
Authentication: huawei
dest 172.16.3.0 mask 255.255.255.0, router 0.0.0.0 , metric 16, tag 0
RTA RTB
172.16.2.1/24 E0/0 E0/0 172.16.3.2/24
172.16.1.1/24 172.16.1.2/24
interface Ethernet0/0
interface Ethernet0/0 ip address 172.16.1.2 255.255.255.0
ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0 rip version 2 multicast
rip version 2 multicast rip metricout 16

<RTB>dis ip routing-table
172.16.2.0/24 RIP 100 1 172.16.1.1 Ethernet0/0
RTA RTB
172.16.2.1/24 E0/0 E0/0 172.16.3.2/24
172.16.1.1/24 172.16.1.2/24
<RTA>dis ip routing-table
127.0.0.0/8 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
172.16.1.0/24 DIRECT 0 0 172.16.1.1 Ethernet0/0
172.16.2.0/24 DIRECT 0 0 172.16.2.1 LoopBack0

172.16.3.0/24 RIP 100 15 172.16.1.2 Ethernet0/0
RTA RTB
172.16.2.1/24 E0/0 E0/0 172.16.3.2/24
172.16.1.1/24 172.16.1.2/24
interface Ethernet0/0
interface Ethernet0/0 ip address 172.16.1.2 255.255.255.0
ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0 rip version 2 multicast
rip version 2 multicast rip metricout 15

Discontinuity Sub-network Problem
dest 162.16.0.0 , metric 1, tag 0
RTA RTB
162.16.2.1/24 E0/0 E0/0 162.16.3.2/24
172.16.1.1/24 172.16.1.2/24

# #
# #
rip rip
network 172.16.0.0 network 162.16.0.0
network 162.16.0.0 network 172.16.0.0

RTA RTB
162.16.2.1/24 E0/0 E0/0 162.16.3.2/24
172.16.1.1/24 172.16.1.2/24
162.16.2.0/24 DIRECT 0 0 162.16.2.1 LoopBack0
172.16.1.0/24 DIRECT 0 0 172.16.1.1 Ethernet0/0

RTA RTB
162.16.2.1/24 E0/0 E0/0 162.16.3.2/24
172.16.1.1/24 172.16.1.2/24

ip address 172.16.1.1 ip address 172.16.1.2
255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0
# #
ip address 162.16.2.1 ip address 162.16.3.2
255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0
# #
rip rip
undo summary undo summary
network 172.16.0.0 network 162.16.0.0
network 162.16.0.0 network 172.16.0.0

dest 162.16.3.0 mask 255.255.255.0, router 0.0.0.0 , metric 1, tag 0
RTA RTB
162.16.2.1/24 E0/0 E0/0 162.16.3.2/24
172.16.1.1/24 172.16.1.2/24
162.16.2.0/24 DIRECT 0 0 162.16.2.1 LoopBack0
162.16.3.0/24 RIP 100 1 172.16.1.2 Ethernet0/0

Summary
Whats troubleshooting idea

about RIP route receiving?
Whats troubleshooting idea
about RIP route receiving?

OSPF Routing Protocol
T
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HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved

This course will introduce the basic concepts
and configuration of open shortest path first
(OSPF) routing protocol. OSPF is an interior
gateway protocol, based on link state
algorithm.

Upon completion of this course, you will be
able to:
Know the basic features of OSPF
Master basic concepts of OSPF
Understand the route calculation
process of link state algorithm
Master basic configuration of OSPF

OSPF Protocol Introduction
OSPF (open shortest path first) is an IGP (interior gateway protocol)
routing protocol and it is based on link state algorithm.
OSPF runs on IP layer directly and the value of IP protocol field is 89
Link Layer OSPF Protocol Frame

IP Packet Header
Header Packet Checksum
IP protocol value is 89
OSPF Protocol Header OSPF Packet Types

OSPF Basic Features
Supporting classless inter-domain routing (CIDR)
Dividing the whole routing domain into different areas
Loop-free
Fast route update and convergence
Using IP multicast address to send and receive protocol message
Supporting ECMP (equal cost multi-path)
Supporting authentication

Comparing with RIP
OSPF RIPv2 RIPv1
Protocol type link state Distance-vector Distance-vector
CIDR support support Not support
VLSM support support Not support
Aggregation
automatically
Not support support support
Aggregation
support support Not support
manually
Update multicast Update broadcast

Route flooding Update multicast
periodically periodically
Route metric bandwidth Hop count Hop count

Comparing with RIP
OSPF RIPv2 RIPv1
Route convergence fast slow slow
Limit of hop count nothing 15 15
Neighbor authentication support support not support
Hierarchical network Support (area) not support not support
Routing table Routing table

updating Triggered update
update update
Route calculation Dijkstra Bellman-Ford Bellman-Ford

Route Calculation Process of Link State Algorithm
LSDB
LSA of RTA
RTA RTB
LSA of RTB
RTC
LSA of RTC
LSA Flooding
LSA of RTD
SPF
RTD Algorithm
destination next hop cost
..... ..... ...

..... ..... ...
..... ..... ...
..... ..... ... Route Calculating
..... ..... ...
IP Routing Table Shortest Path Tree

OSPF Packet
Hello packet
DD (Database Description) packet
LSR (LSA Request) packet
LSU (LSA Update) packet
LSACK (Link State Acknowledgment) packet

Neighbor and Adjacency
RTA has 3 neighbors
RTA
10.1.1.1
10.1.1.2
Ethernet
10.1.1.3 10.1.1.4

Network type of OSPFPoint to Point and
Broadcast
PPP 10.1.1.1 10.1.1.2

10.1.1.1 20.1.1.1
Ethernet
10.1.1.3 10.1.1.4
Point to point
network
Broadcast
network

Network Type of OSPFNBMA Network
VPI/VCI=0/102 VPI/VCI=0/103
10.1.1.1 Full-mesh ATM

network
ATM
Non-BroadcastNon-Broadcast
Multi-Access Network (NBMA)

Network Type of OSPFPoint to Multi-Point
Network
DLCI = 102 DLCI = 103
10.1.1.1 not full-mesh FR network
FR
Non-BroadcastPoint to Multi-Point
Networks (Point-to-Multi-Point)

DR and BDR
RTA has 3 neighbors,
but only 2 Adjacency
RTA
10.1.1.1 10.1.1.2
Ethernet
10.1.1.3 10.1.1.4
BDR DR

OSPF Single Area
Router id 1.1.1.1
Area 0
Router id 2.2.2.2 Router id 3.3.3.3
OSPF
AS100

OSPF Single Area Configuration
RTA Area 0
RTB
Loopback0 E0/0 E0/0 Loopback0
1.1.1.1/32 .1 10.1.1.0/24 .2 2.2.2.2/32
[RTA]router id 1.1.1.1
[RTA]ospf
[RTA-ospf-1]area 0
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]return
<RTA>

OSPF Single Area Configuration
RTA Area 0
RTB
1.1.1.1/32 .1 10.1.1.0/24 .2 2.2.2.2/32
[RTA]display ospf routing
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1

Routing Tables
Routing for Network
Destination Cost Type NextHop AdvRouter Area
2.2.2.2/32 2 Stub 10.1.1.2 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
10.1.1.0/24 1 Net 10.1.1.1 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
1.1.1.1/32 1 Stub 1.1.1.1 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0

OSPF Multiple Areas
Area 1
Area 4
Area 0
Area 0 is backbone area,

all the ABRs have one
interface belongs to Area
0 at least.
Area 2
Area 3

Type of Router
BR
ABR
Area 0
Area 1
Area 2
OSPF
RIP
IR AS100 ASBR
AS200

OSPF Multiple Area Configuration
[RTB]router id 2.2.2.2
[RTB]ospf
[RTB-ospf-1]area 1
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]quit
[RTB-ospf-1]area 0
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]return
<RTB>
RTB RTC
Area 0
2.2.2.2/32 .1 10.1.2.0/24 .2 3.3.3.3/32
E0/0
.1 10.1.1.0/24 .2
E0/1
.1 10.1.3.0/24 .2
Area 1 Area 2
E0/0
E0/0
Loopback0 Loopback0
1.1.1.1/32 RTA RTD 4.4.4.4/32

[RTC]router id 3.3.3.3
[RTC]ospf
[RTC-ospf-1]area 0
[RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255
[RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
[RTC-ospf-1]area 2
[RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]return
<RTC>
RTB Area 0 RTC

2.2.2.2/32 .1 10.1.2.0/24 .2 3.3.3.3/32
E0/0
.1 10.1.1.0/24 .2
E0/1
.1 10.1.3.0/24 .2
Area 1 Area 2
E0/0
E0/0
Loopback0 Loopback0
1.1.1.1/32 RTA RTD 4.4.4.4/32

RTB Area 0 RTC

2.2.2.2/32 .1 10.1.2.0/24 .2 3.3.3.3/32
E0/0
.1 10.1.1.0/24 .2
E0/1
.1 10.1.3.0/24 .2
Area 1 Area 2
E0/0
E0/0
Loopback0 Loopback0
1.1.1.1/32 RTA RTD 4.4.4.4/32
[RTD]router id 4.4.4.4
[RTD]ospf
[RTD-ospf-1]area 2
[RTD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0
[RTD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 10.1.3.0 0.0.0.255
[RTD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]return
<RTD>

Display Neighbor Relationship Router ID
[RTB]display ospf peer
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.2

Neighbors
Area 0.0.0.0 interface 10.1.2.1(Ethernet0/1)s neighbors
Router ID: 3.3.3.3 Address: 10.1.2.2 GR State: Normal
State: Full Mode:Nbr is Master Priority: 1
DR: 10.1.2.1 BDR: 10.1.2.2
Dead timer due in 33 sec Neighbor information of
Neighbor is up for 00:00:17 area 0
Neighbors
Area 0.0.0.1 interface 10.1.1.2(Ethernet0/1)s neighbors
Router ID: 1.1.1.1 Address: 10.1.1.1 GR State: Normal
State: Full Mode:Nbr is Slave Priority: 1
DR: 10.1.1.1 BDR: 10.1.1.2
Dead timer due in 35 sec Neighbor
Neighbor is up for 00:00:27 information of area 0

Validating Routing Table
[RTD]display ip routing-table
1.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 4 10.1.3.1 Ethernet0/0
2.2.2.2/32 OSPF 10 3 10.1.3.1 Ethernet0/0
3.3.3.3/32 OSPF 10 2 10.1.3.1 Ethernet0/0
10.1.1.0/24 OSPF 10 3 10.1.3.1 Ethernet0/0
10.1.2.0/24 OSPF 10 2 10.1.3.1 Ethernet0/0
10.1.3.0/24 DIRECT 0 0 10.1.3.2 Ethernet0/0

Summary
Describe the basic calculation process

of
link state algorithm.
Whats OSPF area?
Which step does OSPF
basic configuration include?

Thank You
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Huawei 5

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RIP Troubleshooting

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.. All rights reserved Page 2

Master troubleshooting method

Master troubleshooting method

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.. All rights reserved Page 3

Chapter 2 RIP Route Receiving

Chapter 3 RIP Route Sending

Chapter 4 Example of RIP Troubleshooting

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.. All rights reserved Page 4

RIP: Routing Information Protocol

RIP supports split horizon, poisoned reverse and trigger

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.. All rights reserved Page 5

RIPv1 is a class routing protocol, not supports

It sends message via broadcast.

RIPv2 is a classless routing protocol, supports

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.. All rights reserved Page 6

Chapter 2 RIP Route Receiving

Chapter 3 RIP Route Sending

Chapter 4 Example of RIP Troubleshooting

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.. All rights reserved Page 7

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.. All rights reserved Page 8

make sure the

problem problem problem problem

yes yes yes yes

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make sure the reduce

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Chapter 2 RIP Route Receiving

Chapter 3 RIP Route Sending

Chapter 4 Example of RIP Troubleshooting

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.. All rights reserved Page 11

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.. All rights reserved Page 12

make sure the

problem problem problem problem

yes yes yes yes

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make sure the make sure the make sure the

yes yes yes yes

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Chapter 2 RIP Route Receiving

Chapter 3 RIP Route Sending

Chapter 4 Example of RIP Troubleshooting

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interface Ethernet0/0 interface Ethernet0/0

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interface Ethernet0/0 interface Ethernet0/0

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interface Ethernet0/0 interface Ethernet0/0

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interface Ethernet0/0 interface Ethernet0/0

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Whats troubleshooting idea

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.. All rights reserved Page 25

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved

and configuration of open shortest path first

(OSPF) routing protocol. OSPF is an interior

gateway protocol, based on link state