Report of The Annual Gender Media Awards - Uganda (2016-2017)

UGANDA MEDIA WOMENS
ASSOCIATION (UMWA)
ANNUAL GENDER MEDIA AWARDS UGANDA

(2016/17)
Making Gender Sensitive Reporting A Standard Journalistic Practice
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PREPARED BY:
Uganda Media Womens Association (UMWA)
Plot 226 Kisaasi
P.O. Box 7263, Kampala
Tel: +256 393 113 848
+256 772 469 363 / +256 772 366 695
Email: info@umwamamafm.co.ug /
umwa@infocom.co.ug /
Website: www.umwamamafm.co.ug
Facebook: www.facebook.com/ugumwa
Twitter: @UMWAandMamaFM
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Content Page
TABLE OF CONTENTS i
LIST OF TABLES v
LIST OF ACRONYMS vii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS viii
ABOUT UGANDA MEDIA WOMENS ASSOCIATION, UMWA ix
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY xi
INTRODUCTION 1
GENDER AND MEDIA 1
AGMA-U: THE RATIONALE 2
1. Journalism / Media Awards in Uganda 2
2. The Gender Media Awards Uganda 3
GENDER MEDIA AWARDS THE OBJECTIVE 4
EXPECTED OUTCOMES / RESULTS 4
GENDER MEDIA AWARDS THE PROCESS 4
METHODOLOGY 6
MEDIA ANALYZED 6
1. Types of Media 6
2. a) Selection of Media for Analysis 6
b) Selection of Individual Participants 6
3. Briefs about Selected Media 7
a) Media Houses 7
i) Newspapers 7
ii) Radio 7
iii) Television 8
b) Individual Participants 9
REVIEW PERIOD 9
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS 9
WHAT WAS ANALYZED 9
1. General 9
2. Specific 10
a) The Story / Program 10
b) The People 12
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Content Page
LIMITATIONS 14
THE FINDINGS 15
PART 1: MEDIA HOUSES 15
A: PRINT (NEWSPAPERS) 15
1. Bukedde
2. Daily Monitor
3. Kamunye
4. New Vision
5. Red Pepper
6. The Observer
INTRODUCTION 16
VISIBILITY OF WOMEN AND MEN IN NEWS STORIES 16
NEWS SUBJECTS 16
TOPICAL AREA AND OCCUPATION 17
1. Topical Areas under which News Subjects appeared in the News Story 17
2. Occupation of News Subjects 19
a) Female and Male Representation in Public Occupations 20
b) Female Representation in the Private (Domestic) Sphere 22
IDENTITY AND FAMILY STATUS 23
NEWS SOURCES 24
TOPICAL AREA UNDER WHICH NEWS SUBJECTS WERE QUOTED 25
IMAGES IN THE NEWS 27
GENDER BALANCE IN REPRESENTATION BY STORY 27
1. Equal Balance in Number of Females and Males Quoted 27
2. Stories with Gender Balance in Photographs By Newspaper 28
STORIES WITH A DIRECT BEARING ON WOMEN 29
1. Stories with Positive Attributes 29
2. Stories with Negative Connotations 31
SPACE ALLOCATED TO STORIES THAT HAVE A DIRECT BEARING ON WOMEN 31
2. Stories with Negative Connotations (Reinforce Gender Stereotypes) 32
PLACEMENT OF STORIES WITH A DIRECT BEARING ON WOMEN 33
2. Stories with Negative Connotations 34
Content Page
DELIVERING THE NEWS 35
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REPORTERS OVERALL 35
Sourcing of Female and Male News Subjects by Female and Male Reporters 37
Reporting on Stories with a Direct Bearing on Women 38
1. Females reporting on Stories with a direct bearing on Women 38
2. Males reporting on Stories with a direct bearing on Women 38
B: RADIO 39
1. Bukedde FM
2. Capital Radio
3. CBS Radio
4. Radio Simba
5. TOP Radio
INTRODUCTION 40
Moderators 40
Panelists 40
Call-in and Sending SMS 40
TIME SPENT SPEAKING 41
INTERJECTIONS 41
C: TELEVISION 43
1. Bukedde TV
2. NBS
3. NTV
INTRODUCTION 44
Non Studio Voices 46
Duration of Sound Bytes 47
Interjections 47
Talk Shows Having a Direct Bearing on Women 48
PART 2: INDIVIDUAL SUBMISSIONS 49

A: PRINT (NEWSPAPERS)
B: RADIO
C: TELEVISION
Individual Submissions, by Gender and Media House 50
A: PRINT (NEWSPAPERS ) 51
a) Best News Story
b) Best Feature Story
c) Best Specialized Report
d) Best Photograph
e) Best Cartoon
Content Page
B: RADIO 55
a) Best News Story
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RADIO FEATURE STORY 57
RADIO DOCUMENTARY 62
C: TELEVISION 65
a) Best News Story
b) Best Feature Story 68
BEST PHOTOGRAPH 75
1. Television: Best Video 75
2. Website: Best Photograph 75
CONCLUSIONS 76
RECOMMENDATIONS 79
REFERENCES 80
THE GENDER SENSITIVE MEDIA SCORE CARD 81
SCORE CARD PER ISSUE ANALYZED 82
1. MEDIA HOUSES 82
A: NEWSPAPERS 82
B: RADIO 84
C: TELEVISION 84
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INDIVIDUAL SUBMISSIONS 85
A: PRINT (NEWSPAPERS) 85
B: RADIO 86
C: TELEVISION 89
ANNEXES:
Annex 1: List of Entries 92
Annex 2: Coding Sheets (Radio, Newspaper, Television) 93
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LIST OF TABLES
Table Title Page

Table 1 Number of News Stories and Editorials By Newspaper 16
Table 2 Sex of News Subjects By Newspaper 16
Table 3 Sex of News Subjects by Topic By Newspaper 18
Table 4 Representation of Female and Male Subjects in Public Occupations By
21
Newspaper (%)
Table 5 Representation of Female and Male Subjects in Domestic / Private
22
Occupations By Newspaper (%)
Table 6 Family Role of News Subjects by Sex By Newspaper 23
Table 7 News Sources Directly Quoted by Sex By Newspaper 24
Table 8 Sex of Quoted by Topic By Newspaper 25
Table 9 News Subjects Featured In Photographs By Newspaper 27
Table 10 Proportion in Sources Directly Quoted 28
Table 11 In Subjects Featured Photographs By Newspaper 28
Table 12 Stories on Women with Positive Attributes By Newspaper 29
Table 13 Stories with Positive Attributes (details) By Newspaper 30
Table 14 Stories that Reinforce Gender Stereotypes By Newspaper 31
Table 15 Page Space allocated to Stories with Positive Attributes By Newspaper 31
Table 16 Page Space allocated to Stories with Negative Connotations By
32
Newspaper
Table 17 Placement of Stories with Positive Attributes By Newspaper 33
Table 18 Placement of Stories which Reinforce Gender Stereotypes By Newspaper 34
Table 19 Reporters by Sex By Newspaper 35
Table 20 Sex of Reporter By Subjects Sex 36
Table 21 Quoted By Who? 37
Table 22 Number of Females reporting on Stories with both Positive and Negative
38
Connotations By Newspaper
Table 23 Number of Males reporting on Stories with both Positive and Negative
38
Table 24 Program Participants By Radio Station 40
Table 25 Duration of In-Studio Discussions By Sex By Radio Station 41
Table 26 Interjections (In-Studio) By Radio Station 41
Table 27 Program Participants (In-Studio) By Television Station 45
Table 28 Family Role and Space Allocated By Television Station 45
Table Title Page
Table 29 Calling in / SMS / Vox Pops (Non Studio) By Television Station 46
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Table 30 Duration of Vox Pops / Sound Bytes By Sex By Television Station 47
Table 31 Interjections By Television Station 47
Table 32 Talk Show Having a Direct Bearing on Women By Television Station 48
Table 33 Entrants Performance relating to the People in the Newspaper Feature
50
Story
Table 34 Entrants Performance relating to Print Feature Story
Table 35 Entrants Performance relating to Radio News Story Content 52
Table 36 Entrants Performance relating to the People in Radio Feature Stories 54
Table 37 Entrants Performance relating to Radio Feature Story Content 56
Table 38 Entrants Performance relating to the People in Radio Documentaries 58
Table 39 Entrants Performance relating to Documentary Story Content 59
Table 40 Entrants Performance relating to the People in Television News Stories 61
Table 41 Entrants Performance relating to Television News Story Content 63
Table 42 Entrants Performance relating to People in Television Feature Stories 64
Table 43 Entrants Performance relating to Television Story Content 66
Table 44 Entrants Performance relating to People in Television Documentaries 67
Table 45 Entrants Performance relating to Television Documentary Content 69
Table 46 Score Card Per Issue Analyzed By Newspaper 76
Table 47 Issues Analyzed by Radio Station 78
Table 48 Issues Analyzed by Television Station 78
Table 49 Radio News Stories By Entrants Performance 80
Table 50 Radio News Stories By Entrants Performance
Table 51 Feature Stories By Entrants Performance 81
Table 52 Radio Documentary Stories By Entrants Performance 82
Table 53 Television News Stories by Entrants Performance 83
Table 54 Television Feature Stories By Entrants Performance 84
Table 55 Television Documentary Stories By Entrants Performance 85
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LIST OF ACRONYMS
ACME : Africa Centre for Media Excellence
AGMA-U : Annual Gender Media Awards, Uganda
CBS : Central Broadcasting Service
CEDAW : Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against Women
CSO : Civil Society Organization
FM : Frequency Moderator
GMJC : Gender Media Judges Committee
GMMP : Gender Media Monitoring Project
GMMT : Gender Media Monitoring Team
HRNJ : Human Rights Network for Journalists
NBS TV : Nile Broadcasting Services Television
NGO : Non Governmental Organization
NTV : Nation Television
PWDs : Persons With Disabilities
TOP TV : Tower of Praise Television
TV : Television
UMWA : Uganda Media Womens Association
UN : United Nations
UNDP : United Nations Development Program
UNESCO : United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
WACC : World Association for Christian Communication
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Executing the processes that eventually lead to the first Awarding Ceremony of the Annual Gender Media
Awards 2016 / 2017, have been rather challenging, that at some point, the team here at Uganda Media
Womens Association, UMWA, was almost giving up.
For the work we had anticipated to take not more than three months, alas it took twice the time, with lots
of challenges. But we are happy that we have come this far, and the first ever Gender Media Awards in
Uganda is now set for August 23rd, 2017.
On behalf of Uganda Media Womens Association, UMWA, I would therefore like to register our heartfelt
appreciation to:-
The journalists, from the electronic, print and web who trusted us, and submitted their stories for
assessment for the Awards. Without you, possibly the Awards Ceremony would be a still birth!!
The media houses, especially the newspapers who accepted to be assessed for this Award. Red
Pepper, The Observer, Daily Monitor, New Vision, Kamunye, and Bukedde are what have made the
2016 / 2017 Awards what they are.
A special thank you to NBS TV, NTV and Bukedde TV, plus, Capital FM, Radio Simba, CBS, TOP
Radio, and Bukedde FM, for allowing us to review part of your published content.
In a special way, we wish to appreciate the insights we received from:- Professor Sylivia Tamale, Dr.
Livingstone Ssewannyana, Dr. Lina Zedriga, Ms. Emilly Maractho, Mr. Charles Ogwel, and Mr. Frank
Mugabi. We shall be glad to have you as a Judges, come the next round of the Gender Media Awards.
And in a very special way, UMWA appreciates the people who constituted the Gender Media Monitoring
Team, GMMT: Joseph Kalyebi Higenyi, Catherine Apalat, Doreen Sampa-Mwanani, Clothlida Babirekere,
Annet Nakandi Magada, Joan Sanyu Nankya, and Laila Mutebi. They spent over three months reviewing /
assessing content published by the six newspapers, five radio stations, and three television stations, in
addition to reviewing content submitted by individual journalists Also appreciated is our Administrative team
on this project, that entirely depended on the good will of the staff and volunteers of UMWA: Gorret
Nalwoga Mukasa and Immaculate Nankya, were exceptionally relentless.
We shall ever be grateful to the World Association for Christian Communication, WACC who introduced
UMWA to Gender Media Monitoring, seven years ago. The Gender Media Score Card that was applied to
determine the winners (AGMA) was largely adopted from WACCs GMMP, and UNESCOs Gender Media
Indicators, who we appreciate a lot.
Last but not least, the Board of UMWA is appreciated for the moral and technical support.
It is our hope that, the next round of Awards, will receive especially financial support to ease the work
involved in this noble initiative.
The struggle continues!
Margaret Sentamu-Masagazi
Executive Director
Uganda Media Womens Association, UMWA
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ABOUT UGANDA MEDIA WOMENS ASSOCIATION (UMWA)
Background, Vision, Mission, and Legal Status
Formed in 1983 by female journalists as a mutual benefit Association, UMWA was transformed into a
human rights advocacy and service delivery NGO in 1997, and registered under the 1989 NGO Statute,
with No. S.5914/1535.
Headed by a 7-person board, UMWAs primary beneficiaries are women living in disadvantaged situations
and other marginalized groups. Women involved in information exchange especially media women,
constitute UMWAs general assembly and form part of UMWAs secondary beneficiaries.
Vision: A nation of women, children and men making informed decisions for gender equality and social
justice.
Mission: To enhance the visibility and status of women and other marginalized groups through awareness
creation, capacity strengthening, advocacy and networking to realize gender equality.
Location: UMWA is located 8 kilometers from the city centre, Plot 226 Kisaasi, where the coordination of
its activities takes place as well as the production of an advocacy newspaper The Other Voice. It is also
the home of UMWAs radio station; 101.7 Mama FM, the first radio station in Africa, founded and managed
by women.
UMWA Works
Guided by its vision and mission, UMWA works within a 3-year strategic plan, and below are some of
UMWAs Previous and Current Works:
Published and Unpublished Studies / Guides:

- Media and Elections: A Gender Analysis of the Print Media (2016).
- A Good Practice Guide to Responsible Reporting about Domestic Violence and Abuse (2016).
- A Media Guide for Journalists on Reporting on Sexual and Reproductive Health (2015).
- Gender Mainstreaming Guidelines for Community Radios (2015).
- A Report on Global Media Monitoring Project: Uganda Country Report (2015).
- A Report on Gender Dimensions in Ugandas Print Media (2014).
- A National Strategy for Gender Mainstreaming in the Media (2014).
- A Report of the Mama FM Audience Survey (2014).
- A Report of the Media Womens Perceptions of UMWA: A Case for Organizational Reinvigoration
(2014).
- A Report on Resource Strategy Development for UMWAs Financial Independency (2012).
- A Report of Media Coverage of the General Elections (2006).
- The Media Today and Tomorrow: A Case Study of The Other Voice (2003).
- Court Reporting: A Guide for Journalists (1999).
- Mass Media Use: Tips for Women Leaders (1999).
- Towards a Fair Mass Media in Uganda: With Women in Mind (1998).
- Directory of Women in the Ugandan Mass Media (1998).
- War in Uganda: Voices of Women (1998).
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- The Role of Women Broadcasters in Emancipation of Women (1998).
- Disseminating Adolescent Reproductive Health Radio Messages Using Group Media (1998).
- Challenges in Career Advancement (A Study of Female Journalists in The New Vision & The
Monitor Newspapers (1997).
- Content Analysis of Media Coverage of Hardships of Single Parents (1995).
- The Role of the Mass Media in Creating Images of Women (1994).
- Analysis of the Medias Contribution Towards Women Poverty Alleviation (1994).
- The Press in Uganda Post Independence Era (1994).
- The Role of the Media in the Fight against AIDS (1992 - 1993).
Has been at the fore front in the promotion of community radio broadcasting in Uganda especially in as
far as their peculiar needs: regulation, training, and visibility are concerned.
Has organized national and international trainings / conferences on topical issues including:
- Training sessions for women parliamentarians; and PWDs in effective utilization of the media.
- Kenya Elections (2013): Learnings and Opportunities for the Uganda Media.
- Fredskorpset marking 50 years, which also coincided with the golden jubilee of the Uganda-
Norway relations.
- Media United: The way to earn public respect and trust.
1997 2001: UMWA designed and implemented several capacity building trainings for women
journalists on themes like: conflict management, financial reporting, public speaking, policy analysis,
court and parliamentary reporting among others. This was in addition to acquiring scholarships for over
70 of them to upgrade in journalism or related courses.
Founded two media outlets: The Other Voice publication (1997) and a women focused radio station,
Mama FM (2001); to increase the voices of women in the media and to keep the gender debate alive.
UMWA has over 15 years experience in successfully designing and managing multimedia campaigns
particularly on civic rights and duties including those in the run up to Ugandas general elections of
1996, 2001 and 2006. Others relate to mitigating some of the impacts of HIV in the agricultural sector;
teenage pregnancies in slum Kampala; and promoting womens land rights; prevention of gender
based violence; amplifying voices of minority groups in the media; as well as making womens voices
count in allocation of public resource.
UMWA offers support in:-

Writing professional press releases; organizing and conducting press conferences; and managing a
negative / hostile media as well.
Developing, implementation and evaluation of communication; and/or Media Campaign Strategies.
Developing Training Manual for Development Media Reporting especially mainstreaming gender,
disability issues, children, sexual and reproductive health, rights; peace and security.
Developing content for publishing on Radio, Television, Social Media, and the Print.
Developing Strategies to mainstream development issues in Media Reporting.
Starting and Managing Community Media, especially Radio.
Training in Media Use / Relations especially for Civil Society Organizations, CSOs.
Documenting Project Processes or Success Stories (print, audio, video).
On-location Recording for any type of Media.
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Annual Gender Media Awards Uganda (AGMA-U ) is a project initiated and inaugurated by Uganda
Media Womens Association, UMWA. This was in recognition of two major facts.
The first is that media content, in terms of both language and imagery, in Uganda is largely reflective of
what happens worldwide. While a majority of Ugandans are women, their visibility in media content is as
low as 20%; they are usually covered in traditional reproductive and care-giving roles, the reverse being
true for their male counterparts. Moreover, the little coverage they attract is often stereotyped, showing
them as irrational, dependant, emotional, brainless and incompetent, among others. There is also a strong
evidence of gendered use of imagery in the media. These often sexualize and brutalize women; picture
them as passive and domesticated; and portray them as dependant and subordinate to men. Female
journalists, too, are domesticated in as much as they are not allocated challenging tasks.
The second is that be that the case, there are some few individual journalists and media houses that have
once in a while produced gender sensitive stories.
Based upon the foregoing, UMWA initiated AGMA-U with the overall objective of promoting gender
sensitive reporting as a standard journalistic practice, by publicly recognizing and awarding journalists and
media houses that would have demonstrated gender awareness, sensitivity, and inclusiveness in their
works. By doing so, it is hoped that gendered injustices, discrimination, unfairness, negative portrayal and
prejudices against / about any gender will be things of the past in Ugandas media.
The AGMA-U 2017 were open to selected media houses and all practicing journalists working in Uganda.
Their products then underwent gender monitoring. The Awards have been and will continue to be managed
by UMWA and other likeminded organizations. A Gender Media Monitoring Team (GMMT), was constituted
to analyze the content of publications / productions using gender sensitive tools of data collection and
analysis. They processed the results, a process that culminated into arriving at who has won in each Award
category.
Mainstream media whose content was analyzed included: Print ( Bukedde, Daily Monitor, Kamunye, New
Vision, Red Pepper, and The Observer); Radio (Bukedde, Capital, CBS, Simba, and TOP); while Television
included (Bukedde, NBS, and NTV) all of which were purposively selected.
On the other hand, individual journalists had to be practicing in Uganda; fill in and submit an Entry
Submission Form indicating their names, contacts, organizations for which they work, their professional
background, the Awards category of interest, title of their entry, where their work was published, broadcast
and when, names and details of editors where work was published / broadcast, among others; and submit
the published work to UMWA. In total, the Awards attracted twenty six (26) entrants from different media
houses across the country all of whom qualified, except for only three who were disqualified by reasons of
having an association with UMWA, the entity organizing the Awards. While there were 26 entrants, there
was a total of fourty three (43) entries because some entrants made multiple submissions for the different
categories.
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During the process of analysis, due consideration was given to gendered reporting with regard to the extent
to which content was gender balanced in terms of the numbers of women and men in the story / talk
show program; how both women and men are portrayed; the numbers of women and men presenting news
/ talk shows.
Other parameters of analysis included whether the topic covered was / was not stereotypical; whether the
story was women central, referred to gender equality / rights legislation or policy; highlighted issues of
gender equality, challenged or reinforced gender stereotypes; the story backed facts with relevant (and
gender segregated) statistics; and whether issues pertinent to the topic were analyzed.
Also analyzed were the people in the story their sex; whether their occupations were not stereotypes;
they had family role tagged with them, the topical area in which they appeared; their visibility in terms of
Print (page space; placement; direct quotes); duration of audios (Radio and Television); duration of visuals
(Television) and numbers (Print).
Stories / programs by media houses as indeed are those by individual journalists, are reflective of the
general trend evidenced in studies done on media and gender. They show that the representation of news
subjects / sources and in photographs, is still gendered, with a majority being male, and females forming a
minority. The representation of people in the news is also stereotypical in as much as these stories placed
news subjects and sources in a gender frame.
Noted also is that the people presenting the news / program have not been spared the gender frame in that
the females are far much fewer than the males and they cover topics traditionally associated with femininity
and being female.
The above notwithstanding, there are some stories / programs or aspects of them that have shown
promise. They have shown fairness and balance; have challenged gender stereotypes, highlighted gender
equality issues; and referred to relevant gender equality rights, legislations and policies, as well as gender
segregated data.
Finally, it is highly recommended, inspite of the numerous challenges faced during the process that
culminated into the awarding ceremony, especially funding that limited the number of participating media
houses and impacted the period for analysis, that the Awards continue to be conducted annually, albeit with
periodic (preferably monthly) surveys; share this report with all stakeholders; endeavour to involve as many
media houses, and encourage the participation of more individual journalists; and partner with all
stakeholders including Government; UN Agencies; Local and International Agencies; Civil Society
Organizations, CSOs; Media Agencies involved in Training, Research, Production and Publishing; as well
as Media Rights Groups and Associations.
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INTRODUCTION
Uganda Media Womens Association, UMWA conceived the idea of Annual Gender Media Awards
Uganda (AGMA-U), following a Dissemination workshop of a study done on the Print Media Coverage of
Ugandas 2016 General Elections. It was a gender analysis of the media content. The study was done by
Uganda Media Womens Association, UMWA, and supported by UN Women with funding from the
Embassy of Sweden. AGMA-U, is set to promote gender sensitive reporting as a standard journalistic
practice. By consistently awarding and recognizing publically, journalists and media houses that would have
demonstrated gender awareness, sensitivity and inclusiveness in their works, it is hoped that gendered
injustices, discrimination, unfairness or media portrayal of women, and men, will be things of the past, in
Ugandas media. Besides, the transformation in media writing, productions or presentation will trigger
further progress in other sectors, the fact that the media shapes opinions, is an agenda setter, and plays a
watchdog role.
Working with other change makers, UMWA will hold the first ever Gender Media Awards ceremony in
August 2017.
GENDER AND MEDIA
So What is the Problem? Some Facts and Figures

The growth and diversity of the media in Uganda seems to be unstoppable. From one television, one radio
station, and two newspapers in 1986, Uganda now boasts of over 250 radio stations, over 43 television
stations, and 5 daily newspapers, and over a million Ugandans hooked on social media.
But while the growth is not in contention, the content in Ugandas media, may be worrying even among
those who promote freedom of information or expression. Content that may be described as non-
developmental, destructive, damaging, discriminatory, predatory on privacy, obscenity, rumour mongering is
what seems to be dominating todays Ugandas media. There is so much injustice, inequalities, unfairness
and discrimination meted out by our media; men and women of different caliber continue to be
misrepresented, observes a former UNDP Resident Representative in Kenya.
Despite the prevalence of a legal regime, in form of national and international policies and conventions,
(The Uganda Gender Policy 2007, Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against
Women (CEDAW), 47th Session concluding remarks, the United Nations World Conference on Women
Platform for Action, and the Maputo Protocol article 26), all of which are geared towards a balanced and
sensitive media), efforts to bring the media to account are still very minimal.
A recent UN Women Commissioned Study on Media and Elections in Uganda (2015 2016) established
womens visibility in the media to be as to low as 20%) compared to that of men (80%); and as practitioners
(15%), as compared to men (85%). Women attracted coverage mainly in their traditional reproductive roles
(100%), while men featured in productive roles: security (93%), technology (91%), and politics (80%).
The study also demonstrated that newspapers reflected mostly mens opinions (direct quotes 85%) as
opposed to women (15%). These low percentages representations (a mere 15%) imply that the needs,
interests and aspirations of women are less likely to be expressed in Ugandas newspapers, translating into
womens continued confinement to a low and subservient status in society, yet they constitute Ugandas
biggest percentage (50.9) as compared to men (41.9 %), Uganda National Census (2014). The apparent
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huge absence of womens voices / views especially on productive roles, has a strong bearing on Ugandas
policies / laws that are currently seen to be lopsided.
This is evidently made worse by the fact that the very few women appearing in the news papers are often
negatively stereotyped, which clearly points to the minimal importance accorded women by the media; the
dictates of culture and tradition; womens low capacity to effectively utilize the media; and possibly print
media practitioners not being gender-aware.
Women are rarely portrayed as rational, active or decisive (ISIS, 1981) or in positions of authority
(Gallagher, 1987) but rather as emotional, brainless, dependant and incompetent, as well as objects of
mens pleasure (Gallagher, 1979); Newland, 1979; UN, 1985). They are also often portrayed in familial and
domesticating roles. However, when they step out of these traditional roles, the media often distorts and
ridicules them. Their efforts are seen as ridiculous and inane (Bukhart, 1993) and, in many cases, such
women are considered role deviants (UNESCO, 1994).
Specifically on photographs, studies done in the past show that there is a gendered use of visual imagery in
journalism. Women are often sexualized, in some cases brutalized, are pictured as passive, domesticated,
as victims or as subordinate to men (GMMP, 2010). Indeed, while men are usually pictured either from the
head up or fully clothed, the comparative frequency with which womens bodies are pictured in various
states of undress is much higher. Front pages are populated by images of women in sexualized poses
alongside lurid headlines, sexist catch phrases and suggestive titles.
Many photos often have no / little contextual information about the persons behind them. Even when
captions or titles attempt to challenge stereotypes, they rely on the use of the sexualized female subject to
draw attention to the story (GMMP, 2010). Women are often portrayed in the background of landscape
shots where they appear passive, as part of the scenery. To that end, news imagery does not accurately
and ethically depict the complex reality of gender and society, but serves only to distort reality rather than
reflect it (GMMP, 2010). Gender stereotypes and discrimination are damaging to both men and women
because they constrain individuals and society as a whole (ACE, 2012). Social media has also taken on a
gendered dimension where females are hugely absent in its use, but where they appear, they are highly
attacked or harassed through this great innovation.
AGMA-U : THE RATIONALE
1. JOURNALISM / MEDIA AWARDS IN UGANDA
Uganda may be having a very short history in awarding excellence in the media / journalism, but even
then, the existing initiatives lack the gender perspective.
Uganda Sports and Press Association, USPA

Perhaps this is the oldest Media Award in Uganda stretching to over 15 years. The Award does not
however go to the journalist, but rather it is the journalists reporting on sports, who vote for the
monthly sports personality.
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The Radio and Television Awards
This started in 2013, but as the name suggests, the print media is not targeted, and it is up to the
prospective awardees to draw / attract a wide fans base which would vote him/her for the public
recognition.
The Uganda Journalism Awards

Started 2014, by the African Centre for Media Excellence, ACME, the initiative has been big,
consistent, and targets both the electronic and print media journalists. The major interest for the
ACME awards is improvement in public affairs reporting and investigative journalism; advance
innovation in story-telling / news presentation, and increase in the diversity of voices.
The Human Rights Awards

Started in 2016, by the Human Rights Network for journalists-Uganda (HRNJ-Uganda), the award
goes to a journalist who would have been constant in highlighting human rights abuses / violations
in his/her works.
The Uganda Wash Media Awards

Launched 2016, the Award is a collective sector effort at recognizing and encouraging excellence
across the media fraternity in raising awareness on water, sanitation and hygiene.
Awarding Excellence and Coverage in Election Reporting

The Uganda Media Womens Association, UMWA, recognized those media women who had
exhibited extra courage, resilience and excellence in covering the 2016 General Elections. The
2016 General Elections are perceived to have been the most challenging in as far as access to
information and freedom of expression were concerned. Journalists had to battle with police and
other security agencies to get a story. Male and female journalists, suffered harassment of all sorts.
2. THE GENDER MEDIA AWARDS UGANDA
It has been noted that while there are minimal efforts by government and other stakeholders to facilitate
the establishment of a gender sensitive media in Uganda, a few journalists and media houses have
once in a while produced gender sensitive stories. (Course units in gender at Schools of Journalism
are as new as three years old, and even then it is only two universities whose departments have
embraced gender). Such efforts need to be recognized with the hope that this would trigger further
advancement in this area.
At the Dissemination workshop of the UN Women commissioned study in 2016, the Annual Gender
Media Award was one of the recommendations made, as a way of addressing the gender gaps in
media. The over 120 participants, from the media (managers, practitioners) the academia, civil society
organizations, government and International Agencies, made many proposals including undertaking
continued gender media monitoring whose results would be shared regularly with media practitioners
and managers for improvement. But they also recognized some efforts towards gender sensitive writing
that needed to be recognized as a way of motivating others to promote gender sensitive reporting as a
standard journalistic practice. Uganda Media Womens Association, UMWA, who authored the UN
Women commissioned study: Media and Elections in Uganda: A Gender Analysis of Print Media
Coverage of the 2016 General Elections , has, therefore, working with other change makers, taken on
the task of ensuring that gender sensitive media reporting becomes a standard journalist practice, thus
this project.
3
THE ANNUAL GENDER MEDIA AWARDS Uganda seeks to recognize both media houses and
individual journalists who would have demonstrated gender awareness, sensitivity and inclusiveness in
their productions. In other words, the Award seeks to recognize those efforts of the media houses or
journalists who would have demonstrated fairness, justice and a sense of equality between men and
women.
The Awards will be annual starting 2017, and open to (a) all practicing journalists working in Uganda,
and (b) selected media houses which will be gender monitored for a period of time.
GENDER MEDIA AWARDS THE OBJECTIVE
The overall objective of this project is to make gender sensitive reporting a standard journalistic
practice. The specific objectives being:-
1. Identify, recognize and award the efforts of those individual presenters / journalists who, and media
houses that, have communicated gender in their productions.
2. Motivate upcoming and practicing journalists to embrace gender sensitive writing as a standard
journalistic practice.
3. Create awareness about the existing gender gaps (inequalities / injustices) in, and those promoted
by the media.
4. Highlight the possibilities and intricacies involved in producing gender sensitive stories.
5. Trigger off actions towards achieving gender sensitivity and balance in the media e.g. an increase
in the quantity and quality of media reporting especially about women.
6. Engender media training curriculum.
7. To contribute to the existing initiatives that recognize excellence in journalism.
EXPECTED OUTCOMES / RESULTS
Executing the Gender Media Award, consistently and over the years, the following results are expected:-
1. Upcoming, and practicing journalists and the media in general, will advocate, and embrace gender
sensitive reporting, thereafter becoming a standard journalistic practice.
2. There will be qualitative and quantitative changes in especially the voices of women covered in the
media.
3. Media stakeholders like Schools of Journalism may integrate gender studies in their curricular; the
Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development, and others responsible for enforcement of
gender policies, in the media, will take the necessary action.
GENDER MEDIA AWARDS - THE PROCESS
The AGMA (2017) has undergone various stages:-
a) Partnerships
UMWA benefitted from the moral support of stakeholders from both government, and non-state actors
to implement this noble activity.
4
Management of the Annual Gender Media Awards Uganda
The Annual Gender Media Awards Uganda, has been and will continue to be managed by an Awards
Committee consisting of persons with high integrity, relevant expert knowledge, and practices in
gender, human rights, media, and business. The UMWA Secretariat, Plot 226 Kisaasi, has, and will
continue to host the AGMA Awards Committee until otherwise.
b) Constitution of a Gender Media Monitoring Team

UMWA constituted an Independent Gender Media Monitoring Team (GMMT) that analyzed the content
of publications / productions of selected media houses; and individual presenters works, using gender
sensitive tools of data collection and analysis. These tools themselves were based upon a Gender
Sensitive Media Score Card adopted from the UNESCO Gender Sensitive Media Indicators, and the
WACC Media Global Media Monitoring Project. The GMMT reviewed the selected papers and the
individual entries, and submitted a preliminary report to the GMJC. As part of their qualification, all the
GMMT members must have previously trained in, or participated in a similar project.
c) Constitution of the Gender Media Judges Committee (GMJC)

Men and women of high integrity would be sought to be on this committee. The minimum qualification
for such men and women to be on the committee would be person of high standing order in society;
having knowledge and practice in human rights, gender and development work. He or she must have
also demonstrated passion for gender equality and social justice. The GMJC will be to be gender
balanced, but also representative of the academia, development work, media, law, and the general
public. The maximum number on the Committee would be not more than nine.
d) Judgment Process and the Results:

The Gender Media Judges Committee (GMJC) would review the GMMT report, sample and test the
Assessment Tool against the submissions, and process the results, culminating into the announcing of
winners.
Note: For the period, under review, the GMMT processed the final results. It is expected that the Judges
Committee will perform their duties in the next round of the AWARDS.
5
METHODOLOGY
MEDIA ANALYZED
1. Types of Media
These included mainstream Media Print (Newspapers), Radio, and Television.
The Newspapers included Bukedde, Daily Monitor, Kamunye, New Vision, Red Pepper , and The
Observer.
The Radio stations included: Bukedde (100.5 FM), Capital (91.3 FM), Central Broadcasting
Service CBS (88.8 FM), Radio Simba (97.3 FM), and Tower of Praise TOP (89.6 FM).
On the other hand, the Television stations were Bukedde TV, Nile Broadcasting Services (NBS),
and Nation Television (NTV).
2. a) Selection of Media for Analysis

All print and electronic media were selected, among others, because they have a wide circulation /
readership / listenership / viewership / audience, as the case may be; have a national character;
and offer diversity in ownership.
For newspapers specifically, the selected outlets had to be dailies, with the exception of The
Observer, which is published thrice a week.
Bukedde and Kamunye Newspapers; Bukedde, CBS and Simba radio stations; as well as
Bukedde TV were specifically selected for broadcasting in a local language (Luganda) to offer
diversity between local languages and English, which is the medium of communication used by the
rest of the newspapers as well as radio and television stations.
All Radio and Televisions had to be based in Kampala city, to be selected. This would make
accessing of information relating to them much easier.
b) Selection of Individual Participants

Every journalist practicing in Uganda, on any one media Print, Radio and Television was eligible
to participate. However, they had to meet the following requirements:
Fill in and submit an Entry Submission Form, indicating the journalists names, telephone and
Email contacts; the media organization for which they work; their professional background; the
awards category of interest, the title of the entry, the name of the publication / station / website
where the entered work was published / broadcast and when; the names and contact details of
the editors where the work was published / broadcast; a brief about the work submitted and
outlining how the said work significantly differs with stories written / produced by others, and
another brief about the lessons learnt by the writer / producer while writing / producing the
entered work. Lastly, one had to submit a brief explaining the impact / results, if any, of the
work submitted.
The participant had to attach and send the submitted work by Email or physical delivery to
Uganda Media Womens Association, UMWA, Plot 226 Kisaasi.
Works of all the individuals who met the above two requirements were analyzed.
6
3. Briefs about Selected Media
a) Media Houses
(i) Newspapers
Newspaper
Brief
Bukedde Newspaper Daily Monitor Kamunye New Vision Red Pepper The Observer
Ownership Public-Private Private (100%) Private (100%) Public-Private Private (100%) Private (100%)
(Government 53.3%) (Government 54.3%)
When Founded 1994 1994 1986 2001 2004
Language Luganda English Luganda English English English
Coverage Countrywide Countrywide Countrywide Countrywide Countrywide Countrywide
Circulation 20,240 19,793 27,367 24,230 15,000
Average Number of Pages 36 42 19 56 30 34
per Edition
Publishing Days Daily Daily Daily Daily Daily Tri-Weekly
(ii) Radio
Radio Station
Brief
Bukedde Radio Capital FM CBS Radio Simba TOP
Ownership Public-Private Private (100%) Private (100%) Private (100%) Private (100%)
(Government 53.3%)
When Launched 2007 1993 1996 1998 1998
Coverage Countrywide Countrywide Central Uganda; Parts of Central Uganda; Parts of Central Uganda; Parts of
Eastern and Eastern Uganda Eastern, Northern and Eastern, Northern and
Western Uganda Western Uganda
Main Luganda English Luganda Luganda Luganda
Language
Other English Kiswahili / Luganda English English English
Listenership 3.5 m (est.)
Types of Programs Documentaries; Entertainment Documentaries; Entertainment Documentaries; Entertainment Documentaries; Entertainment Documentaries; Entertainment
Offered (Soaps, Movies, Music); Live (Soaps, Movies, Music); Live (Soaps, Movies, Music); Live (Soaps, Movies, Music); Live (Soaps, Movies, Music); Live
Shows / Broadcasts; News; Shows / Broadcasts; News; Shows / Broadcasts; News; Shows / Broadcasts; News; Shows / Broadcasts; News;
Sports; Talk Shows (Political, Sports; Talk Shows (Political, Sports; Talk Shows (Political, Sports; Talk Shows (Political, Sports; Talk Shows (Political,
Social, Economic) Social, Economic) Social, Economic) Social, Economic) Social, Economic)
Selected Program Ttabamiruka Capital Gang Palamenti Yaffe Gasimbagane ne Ne gwOzadde
(Our Parliament) Bannamawulire
Program Time 09 am 11.00 am 10 am 12 noon 10 am 12 noon 10 am 12 noon 08 am 10 am
Language used during Luganda English Luganda Luganda Luganda
the Program
Note: All the selected programs run on Saturdays.
iii) Television
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Television Station
Brief
Bukedde TV Nile Broadcasting Services (NBS) Nation Television (NTV)
Ownership Public-Private Private (100%) Private (100%)
(Government 53.3%)
When Launched 2009 2007 2006
Coverage Countrywide Countrywide Countrywide
Languag Main Luganda English English
e Other None Luganda Luganda
Viewership 75% (IPSOS Group, 2016) 25% (IPSOS Group, 2016) 25% (IPSOS Group, 2016)
Types of Programs Offered generally Documentaries; Entertainment (Soaps, Documentaries; Entertainment (Soaps, Documentaries; Entertainment (Soaps,
Movies, Music); Live Shows / Broadcasts; Movies, Music); Live Shows / Broadcasts; Movies, Music); Live Shows / Broadcasts;
News; Sports; Talk Shows (Political, News; Sports; Talk Shows (Political, News; Sports; Talk Shows (Political,
Social, Economic) Social, Economic) Social, Economic)
Selected Program Akabbinkano (Hot Debate) Frontline The Fourth Estate
Program Time 11.00 pm 12.00 midnight 10.00 pm 12.00 midnight 10.00 pm 11.00 pm
Language used during the Program Luganda English English
Note: All the selected programs run on Sundays.
8
b) Individual Participants
Briefs about the media used by individual Entrants for the Gender Media Awards have not been given.
This is because, Uganda has a significant number of newspapers, over 250 radio stations and several
television stations from which works were expected to originate without any of them in particular having
to be singled out.
REVIEW PERIOD
1. Newspapers For each newspapers under review, the editions for December 2016 as well as
January and February 2017 were analyzed, and only the first eleven (11) pages for each Monday
edition were analyzed.
2. Radio and Television Analysis of radio stations was limited to Talk Shows that cover current
topical issues / events, preferably, those that took place during the course of the preceding week.
3. For radio specifically, the talk shows had to be those that take place almost at the same time, and
preferably after the evening main news bulletin.
4. In each case, only one such program was analyzed i.e. one for each radio and television station.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Data collection and analysis employed both quantitative and qualitative methodologies.
1. Quantitative
Three survey tools were developed to collect and analyze data, one each for newspapers, radio
and television. These tools enabled the collection and analysis of gender segregated information,
which in turn offered an insight into the representations of women and men in and by the print
media.
2. Qualitative
A Gender Sensitive Score Card was developed to collect and analyze data that points out how both
women and men are presented in newspaper stories as well as radio or television talk shows. This
was intended to gauge how both men and women are portrayed in news stories / talk shows
through use of language and images (both still and motion).
WHAT WAS ANALYZED
1. General
Analysis of all media houses was geared toward identifying the best gender sensitive media outlet
in terms of representation (numbers of women and men in the news story / talk show program); the
presentation of women and men in news stories / talk shows in terms of how they are portrayed
therein; as well as the numbers of women and men who present the news / talk show programs.
In the same way, individual entries were also analyzed to gauge the extent to which they represent
and present both women and men in their stories (news, features, documentary).
2. Specific
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Analysis of each Media house or Individual submission was made under two broad categories,
namely: The People and the Story. The People category includes two types of people: Journalists
The ones who write the news (Newspapers) as well as those who moderate programs (Radio
and Television), and news subjects (the ones about whom the story is about).
a) THE STORY / PROGRAM
The Story part includes and captures such aspects as relating to:
The Topic each story, be it in newspapers, radio, or television is based upon a particular
topic. It may be about politics, for example, or the economy, the law, family, etc. A total of 26
topical areas was developed. While the topics may not be exhaustive, they have been selected
and in some cases grouped into broad categories to help fit the story into an appropriate
topical area, or for purposes of analysis.
The rationale for making an analysis made basing upon a topical area is to assess the extent
to which female and male news subjects are stereotyped basing on social presumptions, and
expectations about womens and mens abilities and role attributes. For example, whether a
female subject appears in a politics-related story or a male subject appears in a family-related
story, has a lot to say about what society expects of men and women in a given social context.
The topic of the story / program is also analyzed in relation to who has written the story or has
moderated a talk show program. Just like in the case of news subjects writing about /
moderating / presenting specific stories is based upon, to a large extent, on social assumptions
about women and men. For example, a female journalist covering and reporting about famine,
or a male journalist covering and reporting about the massacre of a prominent politician, has
connotations of societal expectations Famine is about suffering relating to lack of food and
perhaps a womans domain while a gruesome massacre of someone is associated with
blood and death amidst of which women are considered not to be comfortable and therefore
can, be covered ably only by a male journalist. This also points to deployment patterns in
media houses as by editors determined.
Scope This relates to whether the story had local, national or international dimensions. A
story can be local because it has importance within the local area, community or town / city.
For example, a story reporting about a robbery in Iganga is considered a local story. If
however, a story chronicles a spate of robberies in various parts of the country, then it is
considered national. This type of story therefore, is one that is considered to have importance
across the entire country. International stories are those whose implications are deemed to go
beyond national frontiers i.e. involves other countries or the world in general. For example, a
story reporting about a robbery that took place at the Russian Embassy in Kampala is
considered International in scope. This is because its ramifications are felt beyond national
frontiers.
It is then important to asses who female or male news subjects / presenters appeared /
presented which type of story in relation to its scope. This helps, again, to analyze patterns of
deployment for female and male journalists, as well as female and male news subjects, in as
much as they can or cannot ably comment about local, national and international issues. In
10
both cases, it is about what society expects about female and males, be they news subjects or
presenters of news / programs.
The story has a direct bearing on women. This is a type of story that impacts women in a
particular way by pointing out inequalities between women and men or promotes social justice
between the genders.
This type of story may:
Have a central focus on a woman / women:

I.e. it is a story that is specifically about women (an individual woman or a group of women), or that
has a significant impact on especially women. A story about what a woman has / women have
done / said; or one about an issue / issues that are about women, for example, girl child education,
maternal mortality, gender affirmative plans, etc.
The rationale is to see the extent to which women make news considering that it is mostly men
whose opinions and actions are reported by the media, according to previous research works on
media and gender.
Refer to gender equality / rights legislation or policy:

In order to find out the extent to which the media sensitizes the public about human rights in
general and womens rights in particular, and considering that the said rights / policies are largely
invisible in the media, it was felt pertinent to look out for the said rights as referred to by individual
entrants stories as well as in the media houses news stories and talk show programs.
Highlight issues of equality between women and men:

The inequalities that exist between women and men in society have been documented over the
years. Such inequalities may relate to access to economic resources, decision making and political
power, social amenities, etc, or even the gender as opposed to the sexual division of labour, etc.
The media plays a big role in shaping opinions about who gets /does what, when and how.
Analysis of such trends in the ongoing gender media awards, therefore, became crucial.
Challenges or reinforces gender stereotypes:

Over the years, society as dictated by social norms, tradition, culture or by whichever name it may
be called, has developed a gender frame by which it refers to (stereotypes) women and men.
For example, almost across all cultures and social settings, women in relation to men are
framed as unambitious, irrational, fragile, dependant, obsessed with own beauty, emotional, etc.
Men on the other hand, are usually regarded as ambitious, strong, rational, independent, etc.
These stereotypes have been, and continue to be, used to create a relationship that scales up
males over females and is responsible for the domestication and subjugation of one gender by the
other.
The media, research has shown, plays an integral part in reinforcing these gender stereotypes. In
the same way, however, the media can also help halt this trend by challenging these stereotypes.
Stories that challenge stereotypes are those that overturn common assumptions about
11
women and men in relation to their attributes, traits, roles / occupations, expertise /
competence, interests, etc. The stories that do otherwise, reinforce those stereotypes by
reinscribing them in such a way that makes them appear normal, even legitimate.
These stereotypes are often expressed in the language and images used in, and by the media.
such language may be, for example, sexist or judgmental, it may show negative attitudes or
positive attributes, normally associated with a particular sex to the detriment of the other.
The survey, therefore, sought to find out the extent to which media houses or individual participants
in the gender media awards challenged or reinforced gender stereotypes.
Included related (and gender segregated) statistics:

There are many people both female and male who still think that the question of gender
equality is misplaced, that actually there are no inequalities or if they do exist, they do not require
that much attention because of the perceived little difference.
So as to qualify these gender differences, it is not enough to merely state them, but virtually
important to refer to specifically quantified information. And this can only be possible with facts and
figures that clearly show which gender is leading / trailing or doing / not doing what in relation to
another. For example, a story about the impact of malaria should be able to show how differently
men and women are impacted, with figures / statistics.
Note that even amongst women, there are inherent differences, for example in access to social
amenities; or teenage pregnancies, between rural and urban women, etc. Such statistics are
therefore very important in magnifying a particular issue as by female or male impacted, and
between different segments of women / men.
Analyze related issues (only radio and television).

While a story may give statistics, it is important to take note of attendant and topically relevant
issues raised. These many relate to causation, manifestations, implications and solutions as
applicable to people generally in their homogeneity or as individual (or groups of) women and men.
b) THE PEOPLE
Analysis of people has been done under two (2) sub-categories, namely:-
(i) The News Subjects the people the story / program is about, as well as the individuals
appearing on the panel (radio and television only). Salient issues looked out for include their:-
Sex the number of men and women appearing in the story / on the program.
Occupation / position in society.
Family role as tagged onto them.
The topical area of the story in which they appear.
Their visibility in terms of the space they occupy in the story:-

Page space (size of the story in relation to the whole page) Print.
Placement of the story (even or odd pages) Print.
Direct quotations (numbers) Print.
12
Duration of audios (Radio and Television).
Their visuals (images):
o Numbers (Print photographs)
o Duration (Television) motion
Contextual analysis of how they are portrayed in texts / language / visuals used in the story
/ program.
(ii) The Journalists / Reporters / Panelists:

Their sex (numbers) Print / Radio / Television
Their scope of coverage (local, national, international).
Who reported on what / whom (female or male):
Numbers of women / male news subjects.
Quoting female / male sources (Print).
Stories with women as central focus (Print, Radio, Television).
Stories referring to gender equality legislation / policies.
Stories highlighting gender equality issues.
Stories challenging gender stereotypes.
Stories reinforcing gender stereotypes.
Stories that give gender segregated statistics.
Stories where topically related issues are analyzed.
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LIMITATIONS
1. Interpretation of texts and specific words / phrases, as well as of images (both still and motion) varies
from one individual to another. In conducting this exercise this certainly may have been the case.
However, to minimize this, a four-day refresher training was organized for the GMMT. The team was
not only exposed to the theoretical but also practical aspects of gender and media research
methodologies.
2. Because of funding gaps, the exercise:
a) did not involve as many media houses as would otherwise have been the case. Therefore
information from a wider spectrum that could have enriched the Awards, and what they stand for,
was missed out. Only six out of over 15 newspapers were reviewed. Radio and television content
which impact much more on the public was limited to a few programs for review. Social media that
has taken Uganda by storm, but also where there is so such control especially in terms of content
and presentation, was apparently not part of this study.
b) the survey exercise took a relatively shorter period than is normally associated with comparative
studies that call for longer periods of observation and analysis, to reach more conclusive
deductions;
c) very good intentioned as it was, did not however, receive adequate publicity.
Note: This study wholly depended on the goodwill of staff, and volunteers of UMWA. There was no
external funding received for this project.
14
THE FINDINGS
PART 1: MEDIA HOUSES
1. Bukedde
2. Daily Monitor
3. Kamunye
4. New Vision
5. Red Pepper
6. The Observer
15
INTRODUCTION
The survey sought to analyze not only news stories, but all editorials where they appeared on the first
eleven pages.
Table 1: Number of News Stories and Editorials By Newspaper

Newspaper No. of Stories Editorials Total
Bukedde 169 00 169
Daily Monitor 266 12 278
Kamunye 202 00 202
New Vision 156 12 168
Red Pepper 248 00 248
The Observer 133 12 145
The above table shows that, in total, the largest number of news stories, including Editorials, was carried by
Daily Monitor (278) followed by Red Pepper (248), Kamunye (202), and Bukedde (169). The least was by
The Observer (145) and New Vision (168).
The table shows further that only three newspapers ( Daily Monitor, New Vision and The Observer) carried
editorials, while the others (Bukedde, Kamunye and Red Pepper) did not.
VISIBILITY OF WOMEN AND MEN IN NEWS STORIES
The findings under this section reflect the extent to which both women and men have been featured by the
print media, during the period of analysis, as news subjects, sources or in photographs.
NEWS SUBJECTS
Table 2: Sex of News Subjects By Newspaper

Female Male Total
Newspaper
F % F % F %
Bukedde 148 (26) 430 (74) 578 (100)
Daily Monitor 175 (18) 771 (82) 946 (100)
Kamunye 164 (20) 661 (80) 825 (100)
New Vision 227 (23) 778 (77) 1,005 (100)
Red Pepper 246 (19) 1,051 (81) 1,297 (100)
The Observer 174 (19) 730 (81) 904 (100)
The table above indicates that Bukedde had the largest number of female subjects (26%) out of a total of
578, followed by New Vision (23% - out of a total of 1,005), and Kamunye (20% - out of a total of 825). The
least number of female news subjects was in Daily Monitor (18%) as well as in Red Pepper and The
Observer (each at 19%).
Male news subjects on the other hand constituted 82% ( Daily Monitor) 81% (Red Pepper and The
Observer), 80% (Kamunye), 77% (New Vision), and 74% (Bukedde).
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However, the newspaper that came closest to having a balance in female and male news subjects was
Bukedde, followed by New Vision, and Kamunye. The farthest was Daily Monitor, followed by both Red
Pepper and The Observer.
TOPICAL AREA AND OCCUPATION
Gender and media research has shown that the frequency by which women and men appear in the news is
determined, to some extent, by two major issues the topic being covered, and the occupation of news
subjects.
1. Topical Areas under which News Subjects appeared in the News Story
The media covers many topical areas including but not limited to politics, the environment,
entertainment, agriculture, health education, security and spirituality. However, whether a female or
male (or both) will appear in any one given topical area in news stories, is determined by social
expectations about, and attitudes towards, women and men. There is a tendency, for example, for
media practitioners to cover more male news subjects in such areas as politics, governance, security,
the economy, etc, more than they do females. Conversely, they also tend to cover female news
subjects in such topical areas as family, fashion and design, education, care giving, etc, more than they
do males.
In that regard, a list of possible topical areas was compiled, totaling 32 (thirty two). For purposes of
analysis, however, these have been placed under seven major categories as indicated in the table
below.
17
Table 3: Sex of News Subjects By Topic By Newspaper
Topics Bukedde Daily Monitor Kamunye New Vision The Observer
Red Pepper
F M F M F M F M F M F M
1 Politics and Government 10 (07) 31 (07) 37 (21) 132 (17) 38 (23) 143 (22) 40 (18) 135 (17) 105 (43) 388 (37) 91 (52) 344 (47)
2 Economy 17 (11) 58 (13) 31 (18) 114 (15) 07 (04) 64 (10) 31 (14) 154 (20) 69 (28) 240 (23) 13 (07) 51 (07)
3 Science and Technology 00 (00) 04 (01) 15 (09) 79 (10) 04 (02) 21 (03) 59 (26) 90 (12) 10 (04) 56 (05) 07 (04) 24 (03)
4 Social 91 (61) 216 (50) 46 (26) 174 (23) 18 (11) 98 (15) 50 (22) 244 (31) 27 (11) 197 (19) 25 (14) 112 (15)
5 Legal 08 (05) 22 (05) 14 (08) 42 (05) 05 (03) 33 (05) 13 (06) 30 (04) 06 (02) 09 (01) 03 (02) 25 (03)
6 Crime and Violence 21 (14) 73 (17) 37 (18) 203 (26) 70 (43) 250 (38) 31 (14) 105 (13) 27 (11) 150 (14) 30 (17) 157 (22)
7 Arts, Media, Sports, Entertainment 01 (01) 26 (06) 01 (01) 27 (04) 22 (13) 52 (08) 03 (01) 20 (03) 02 (01) 11 (01) 05 (03) 17 (02)
148 (100) 430 (100) 175 (100) 771 (100) 164 (100) 66 (100) 227 (100) 778 (100 246 (100 1,05 (100) 174 (100) 730 (100)
Total 1 ) ) 1
Key: Topical Areas
1. Politics and Government 5. Legal

a) Politics and Government a) Human Rights
b) Diplomacy, International Relations b) Legal, Judicial, Legislation
c) National Security, Defence, Police, Army, Prisons, Militia
6. Crime and Violence
2. Economy a) Kidnapping, Robbery, Assault, Abduction, Murder, Violence, Corruption, Embezzlement, Theft,
a) Economy general Trafficking
b) Employment, Labour, Unionization, Social Security b) Riots, Demonstrations, Industrial action
c) Poverty, Housing. Social Welfare, Charity c) War, Terrorism, Rebellion, Insurgence
d) Economic Policies, Strategies, Budgets, Audits d) Rape, Sexual Abuse / Harassment, Female Genital Mutilation, Gender Based Violence
e) Banking, Insurance, Stock Markets e) Child Abuse / Neglect / Sexual Abuse
f) Agriculture, Fishing, Land issues, Water
g) Trade, Business, Investment, Procurement 7. Arts/ Media / Sports / Entertainment
h) Transport, Communications a) Arts, Entertainment, Leisure, Celebrity
b) Fashion, Design, Beauty
3. Science and Technology c) Family, Relationships, Marriage
a) Science, Technology, Industry, Mining, Manufacturing, Petroleum, Electricity, Research d) Media
b) Health, Nutrition, Hygiene, Sanitation, Medical e) Sports
c) Environment, Climate, Pollution, Tourism, Forestry
4. Social
a) Education Higher, Secondary, Primary, Pre-Primary, Technical
b) Womens Movement, Gender Equality
c) Royalty, Culture, Tradition
d) Spirituality, Religion, Morality
e) Migration, Refugees, Racism, Xenophobia
f) Disaster, Drought, Floods, Famine, Earthquakes, Accident, Death, Sickness
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Relative to the total number of news stories by each newspaper, the above table shows:-
a) Representation of females in those topical areas where females normally appear least
Politics and Government The highest representation of females in this area was in The
Observer (52%), followed by Red Pepper (43%) and Kamunye (23%). The least was in
Bukedde (7%), followed by New Vision (18%), and Daily Monitor (21%).
However, the newspaper that came closest to balancing both female and male news subjects
covered in this topical area was Bukedde, followed by New Vision, and Daily Monitor. The
farthest was Kamunye, followed by Red Pepper and The Observer.
Economy Red Pepper at 28%, had the highest number of females covered under this topic,
followed by Daily Monitor (18%), and New Vision (14%), the lowest was by Kamunye (4%),
followed by The Observer (7%) and Bukedde (11%).
However, gender balance in featuring news subjects in the economic field was highest in The
Observer, followed by Bukedde and Daily Monitor. The farthest was in both Kamunye and New
Vision, followed by Red Pepper.
b) Representation of females in those topical areas where women usually appear most
Analysis of the topical areas where women have appeared predominantly in the past show the
following:
Social The least coverage of females in this topical area was in both Kamunye and Red
Pepper (each at 11%), followed by The Observer (14%). The most was in Bukedde (61%)
followed by Daily Monitor and New Vision (22%).
The above notwithstanding, balance in coverage of both female and male news subjects was
highest in The Observer, followed by Daily Monitor and Kamunye. It was lowest in both
Bukedde and New Vision, followed by Red Pepper.
Arts, Media, Sports, Entertainment In this sphere, females appeared, as news subjects, least
in 4 newspapers, each at 1% (Bukedde, Daily Monitor, New Vision, and Red Pepper). The
highest number of females was in Kamunye (13%), followed by The Observer (3%).
Representation of both females and males in this sphere, however, was more balanced in Red
Pepper, followed by The Observer and New Vision. It was lowest in both Bukedde and
Kamunye, followed by Daily Monitor.
2. Occupation of News Subjects
According to previous studies regarding gender and media, it is quite common for the media to cover
female and male subjects depending upon the positions they occupy in society. For example, society
has defined the social divisions of labour along gender lines so much so that there is an almost distinct
line drawn between what is considered the public arena (designated as a male domain) and the private
19
or domestic sphere, normally associated with care-giving, (curved out for women). By so doing, the
media reinforces this socially engendered division of labour, which in turn defines the public or
domestic roles to be played by women and men in society.
Given the above scenario, the AGMA-U (2017) sought to recognize those print media houses that have
distinguished themselves by deviating from the norm. To assess how each paper has performed in
that regard, analysis has been done at two levels one, the numbers of women and men appearing in
print media news whose occupations are deemed public and, two, those whose occupations are
deemed private / domestic.
Effort was made to incorporate as many occupations as possible, the number coming to 32. For details
of each of these 32 occupations, see page 18. Of these, seven (7) that best fitted what is considered
public and another seven (7) considered private / domestic were selected, for purposes of analysis.
a) Female and Male Representation in Public Occupations

Five occupations that best fit a description of public were selected and these include: Politics and
Government, Security, Science and Technology, Business and Religion. The table below
summarizes the representation of female and male subjects in each occupation in particular, and in
the public sphere in general.
20
Table 4: Representation of Female and Male Subjects in Public Occupations by Newspaper (%)
Occupation Bukedde Daily Monitor Kamunye New Vision Red Pepper The Observer
1 Politics 22.9 18.1 30.7 27.7 32.9 25.5 29.5 25.8 50.0 37.2 56.3 41.1
2 Security 2.0 14.1 3.0 16.9 5.4 17.5 1.7 11.9 3.6 14.8 2.8 8.9
3 Science 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.4 0.8 0.5 0.0 0.2
4 Business 2.7 7.6 0.6 4.1 1.8 2.8 1.7 3.3 3.6 5.5 1.7 5.4
5 Religion 0.6 10.0 0.6 6.2 0.0 5.4 1.7 7.3 0.4 3.3 0.0 4.1
Total 28.2 49.8 34.9 55.0 40.1 51.2 34.6 49.7 58.4 61.3 60.8 59.7
In the field of Politics and Government as indicated in the above table, female representation (relative to all female subjects by newspapers) was
highest in The Observer (56.3%); followed by Red Pepper (50%), and Kamunye (32.9%). The lowest was in Bukedde (22.9%), New Vision (29.5%),
and Daily Monitor (30.7%).
Representation of females in the Security field was highest in Kamunye (5.4%) followed by Red Pepper (3.6%) and Daily Monitor (3.0%). Others were
The Observer (2.8%); Bukedde (2.0%) and New Vision (1.7%).
The representation of females in Science and Technology was highest (and only) in Red Pepper (0.8%). All the other newspapers had no female
representation (0% each for Bukedde, Daily Monitor, Kamunye, New Vision, and The Observer) at all.
Females who fell in the occupation of business people were represented most in Red Pepper (3.6%) followed by Bukedde (2.7%) and Kamunye
(1.8%). Next came New Vision and The Observer (each at 1.7%) and lastly, Daily Monitor (0.6%).
In the area of Religion, the highest representation of females was in New Vision (1.7%) followed by Bukedde and Daily Monitor (each at 0.6%). The
least, each with 0% were Kamunye and The Observer, followed by Red Pepper (0.4%).
Overall, representation of females in the public sphere was highest in The Observer (60.8%) followed by Red Pepper (58.4%) and Kamunye (40.1%).
Others were Daily Monitor (34.9%), New Vision (34.6%) and Bukedde (28.2%).
Much as that may be the case, coverage of both females and males in the public sphere was more balanced in The Observer, followed by Red Pepper
and Kamunye. It was lowest in Bukedde, followed by Daily Monitor and New Vision.
b) Female Representation in the Private (Domestic) Sphere
Table 5: Representation of Female and Male Subjects in Domestic / Private Occupations by Newspaper (%)
21
Occupation Bukedde Daily Monitor Kamunye New Vision Red Pepper The Observer
1 Education 2.7 2.7 1.2 3.4 0.0 0.7 3.0 2.5 0.0 1.0 2.8 5.8
2 Health 0.0 0.0 1.2 0.1 1.2 0.1 2.6 0.6 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0
3 Office 0.0 0.6 1.2 0.0 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0
4 Activist 0.0 0.2 7.2 1.9 0.6 0.4 4.8 3.2 0.4 0.7 4.0 2.4
5 Homemaker 4.7 0.4 0.6 0.1 3.6 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total 7.4 3.9 11.4 5.5 6.0 1.8 10.8 6.6 0.8 1.9 6.8 8.2
As Educationists, female representation was lowest in Kamunye and Red Pepper (each at 0%) followed by Daily Monitor (1.2%). Highest female
representation was in New Vision (3.0%) followed by The Observer (2.8%) and Bukedde (2.7%).
Representation of females as Care givers (health, social, child) was lowest in Bukedde and The Observer (each at 0%) followed by Red Pepper
(0.4%). The highest was in New Vision (2.6%) followed by Daily Monitor and Kamunye (each at 1.2%).
Office / service / non-management worker as an occupation category had females least covered in Bukedde, Red Pepper and The Observer (each
at 0%). The highest was in Daily Monitor (1.2%) followed by Kamunye (0.6%) and New Vision (0.4%).
Female representation as Activists working in Civil Society / Non Governmental Organizations was lowest in Bukedde (0%) followed by Red
Pepper (0.4%) and Kamunye (0.6%). The highest was registered in Daily Monitor (7.2%) followed by New Vision (4.8%) and The Observer (4%).
The representation of females as Homemakers or Parents was lowest in New Vision, Red Pepper and The Observer (each at 0%). The highest
was in Bukedde (4.7%) followed by Kamunye (3.6%) and Daily Monitor (0.6%).
Overall, the least representation of females in the private / domestic sphere was registered in Red Pepper (0.8%) followed by Kamunye (6.0%) and
The Observer (6.8%). The highest was in Daily Monitor (11.4%) followed by New Vision (10.8%) and Bukedde (7.5%).
The above notwithstanding, gender representation in the private / domestic sphere was more balanced in Red Pepper, followed by The Observer and
Bukedde. The least was in Daily Monitor followed by both Kamunye and New Vision.
IDENTITY AND FAMILY STATUS
There are times when women are defined in terms of their family relationships such as mother / wife / daughter of. etc. Men sometimes, too, are
defined along those lines as father, husband, son of etc. The awards proposed to find out which newspaper attaches such negative connotations, least
to (especially female) news subjects. The findings are summarized in the table below.
22
Table 6: Family Role of News Subjects by Sex by Newspaper
Role
Bukedde Daily Monitor Kamunye New Vision Red Pepper The Observer
Given
Yes 55 (37) 33 (8) 19 (11) 18 (2) 29 (18) 27 (4) 29 (13) 15 (2) 16 (7) 18 (2) 15 (7) 7 (1)
No 93 (63) 397 (92) 156 (89) 753 (98) 155 (82) 634 (96) 198 (87) 763 (98) 230 (93) 1,033 (98) 159 (93) 723 (99)
148 (100) 430 (100) 175 (100) 771 (100) 164 (100) 661 (100) 227 (100) 778 (100) 246 (100) 1,05 (100) 174 (100) 730 (100)
Total 1
The table 4 shows that the least number of females so presented was in Red Pepper and The Observer, each at 7% (out of 246 and 174 females
respectively), and Daily Monitor (11% out of 175 females). Bukedde had the highest (37%) number of women presented in their familial roles out of a total
of 148 female news subjects. Following was Kamunye at 18% (out of 164 females), and New Vision at 13% (out of 227 females).
Conversely, the least number of males referred to in such a way was in The Observer (only 1% out of 730 males). Following, at 2%, each were Daily
Monitor (out of 771), New Vision (out of 778), and Red Pepper (out of 1,051 males). The number of males referred to by their familial relationships was
highest in Bukedde (8%) out of 430 males) followed by Kamunye (4% out of 661 males).
The above notwithstanding, the newspaper which came closest to attaching familial role to both females and males equally was Red Pepper, followed by
The Observer and Daily Monitor. The farthest was Bukedde, followed by Kamunye and New Vision.
23
NEWS SOURCES
These are news subjects who were directly quoted in the analyzed news stories. The purpose of analyzing
direct quotations is to gauge the extent to which direct female and male voices are represented in each of
the newspapers.
Table 7: News Sources Directly Quoted By Sex By Newspaper

Directly Quoted
Newspaper Female Male Total
F % F % F %
Bukedde 12 (22) 42 (78) 54 (100)
Daily Monitor 66 (19) 288 (81) 354 (100)
Kamunye 17 (21) 65 (79) 82 (100)
New Vision 70 (21) 259 (79) 329 (100)
Red Pepper 28 (17) 140 (83) 168 (100)
The Observer 62 (21) 240 (79) 302 (100)
The above table shows that in all newspapers, womens direct voices were less than those of men.
However, it shows also that the highest representation of female voices was registered in Bukedde (22%)
out of the 54 quoted in total; followed at 21% each by Kamunye (out of 82), New Vision (out of 329), and
The Observer (out of 302). The least number of females quoted directly was in Red Pepper (17% out of
168), and Daily Monitor (19% out of 359).
Notwithstanding the above, gender balance in news sources was highest in Bukedde, followed, and at par,
by Kamunye, New Vision, and The Observer. It was lowest in Red Pepper, followed by Daily Monitor.
24
TOPICAL AREA UNDER WHICH NEWS SUBJECTS WERE QUOTED
The table below shows the number of females quoted relative to males, in particular topical areas.
Table 8: Sex of Quoted by Topic, By Newspaper

Topics Bukedde Daily Monitor Kamunye New Vision Red Pepper The Observer
1 Politics and Government 01 (08) 01 (02) 11 (17) 58 (20) 05 (29) 19 (29) 11 (16) 48 (19) 06 (21) 30 (21) 31 (50) 103 (43)
2 Economy 02 (17) 08 (19) 21 (32) 43 (15) 01 (06) 07 (11) 09 (13) 68 (26) 11 (39) 46 (33) 07 (11) 21 (09)
3 Science and Technology 00 (00) 00 (00) 08 (12) 40 (14) 00 (00) 02 (03) 20 (29) 44 (17) 02 (7) 16 (11) 06 (10) 16 (07)
4 Social 07 (58) 22 (52) 14 (21) 67 (23) 03 (18) 13 (20) 17 (24) 65 (25) 03 (11) 26 (19) 07 (11) 40 (17)
5 Legal 00 (00) 00 (00) 03 (05) 17 (06) 00 (00) 05 (08) 05 (07) 09 (03) 02 (7) 03 (02) 00 (00) 11 (04)
6 Crime and Violence 02 (17) 08 (19) 07 (11) 54 (19) 05 (29) 15 (23) 08 (11) 22 (08) 03 (11) 14 (10) 10 (16) 47 (19)
7 Arts, Media, Sports, Entertainment 00 (00) 03 (07) 02 (03) 09 (03) 03 (18) 04 (06) 00 (00) 03 (01) 01 (4) 05 (04) 01 (02) 02 (01)
12 (100) 42 (100) 66 (100) 288 (100) 17 (100) 65 (100) 70 (100) 259 (100 28 (100 140 (100) 62 (100) 240 (100)
Total ) )
25
The above table shows that relative to the total number of females and males quoted in each newspaper,
a) Topical areas where females are usually quoted least
Politics and Government Female representation in this sphere was highest in The Observer (50%),
followed by Kamunye (29%) and Red Pepper (21%). They were quoted on Politics least in Bukedde
(8%), followed by New Vision (16%) and Daily Monitor (17%).
However, quoting of both females and males in the field of Politics was more balanced in both
Kamunye and Red Pepper, followed by both Daily Monitor and New Vision. It was least in The
Observer, followed by Bukedde.
The Economy Females quoted in this area were highest in Red Pepper (39%), followed by Daily
Monitor (32%) and Bukedde (17%). The least was in Kamunye (6%), followed by The Observer (11%)
and New Vision (13%).
Gender balance in quotations about the Economy was highest in both Bukedde and The Observer,
followed by Kamunye. It was least in Daily Monitor, followed by New Vision and Red Pepper.
b) Topical areas where females have traditionally been quoted most
Social The least number of females being quoted on Social issues was registered in both Red
Pepper and The Observer (each at 11%), followed by Kamunye (18%). The highest was in Bukedde
(58%), followed by New Vision (24%) and Daily Monitor (21%).
Quoting of both females and males on Social issues was, however, highest in New Vision, followed by
both Daily Monitor and Kamunye. It was least in Red Pepper, followed, and at par, by both Bukedde
and The Observer.
Arts The newspaper where the lowest number of females was quoted in the areas of Arts was
Bukedde and New Vision (each at 0%), followed by The Observer (2%). The highest was in Kamunye
(18%), followed by Red Pepper (4%) and Daily Monitor (3%).
Gender balance in quotations about the Arts was highest in both Daily Monitor and Red Pepper, (at
par), followed (and at par) by both New Vision and The Observer. It was least in Kamunye, followed by
Bukedde.
26
IMAGES IN THE NEWS
As already indicated above, the media often uses gendered imagery to define women and men. These
awards are meant to recognize those newspapers which have a more equitable representation and
presentation of female and male news subjects.
Table 9: News Subjects Featured In Photographs By Newspaper

Sex of News Subjects featured
Newspaper Female Male Total
F % F % F %
Bukedde 46 (26) 133 (74) 179 (100)
Daily Monitor 19 (19) 83 (81) 102 (100)
Kamunye 44 (24) 138 (76) 182 (100)
New Vision 48 (29) 118 (71) 166 (100)
Red Pepper 49 (25) 148 (75) 197 (100)
The Observer 29 (24) 91 (76) 120 (100)
Average 39 (20) 119 (76) 158 (100)
From the above table, it becomes apparent that the highest representation of female news subjects in
newspaper photographs was by New Vision (29% out of all the 166 news subjects photographed), followed
by Bukedde (26% out of 179), and Red Pepper (25% out of 197). The least was by Daily Monitor (19% out
of 102), and both Kamunye and The Observer (each at 24% out of 182 and 120 respectively).
However, gender balance in those photographed was registered most in New Vision, followed by Bukedde
and Red Pepper. It was least in Daily Monitor, followed, and at par, by both Kamunye and The Observer.
GENDER BALANCE IN REPRESENTATION BY STORY
Merely having the percentage representation of both females and males being quoted directly, as well as
appearing in photographs was considered not to be enough. Further analysis was, therefore, done to
establish and recognize the print media houses which had the highest number of stories and photographs
where both female and male subjects were directly quoted / featured respectively in equal numbers.
1. Equal Balance in Number of Females and Males Quoted
The table below shows that the number of stories, relative to the total number of stories per newspaper,
where both female and male subjects were quoted (in equal proportion) was highest in New Vision
(7.6%), followed by The Observer (4.5%) and Daily Monitor (4.1%). It was lowest in Kamunye (1.4%)
followed by Red Pepper (1.6%) and Bukedde (1.7%).
27
Table 10: Proportion in Sources Directly Quoted By Newspaper
Number of Stories with Balance in Sources Quoted
Newspaper
Yes No Total
Bukedde 3 (1.7) 166 (98.2) 169 (100)
Daily Monitor 11 (4.1) 255 (95.8) 266 (100)
Kamunye 3 (1.4) 199 (98.6) 202 (100)
New Vision 12 (7.6) 144 (92.3) 156 (100)
Red Pepper 4 (1.6) 244 (98.3) 248 (100)
The Observer 6 (4.5) 127 (195.4) 133 (100)
Average 6.5 (3.5) 189 (113.1) 196 (100)
2. Stories with Gender Balance in Photographs By Newspaper
The table below shows that, relative to the total number of news stories per paper, the highest number
of stories whose photographs featured the same number of female and male subjects was highest in
New Vision (8.3%), followed by Bukedde (8.2%) and Red Pepper (6.4%). It was least in Daily Monitor
(1.8%) followed by The Observer (4.5%) and Kamunye (5.4%).
Table 11: In Subjects Featured in Photographs By Newspaper

Number of Stories with Balance in Subjects featured in
Newspaper Photographs
Yes No Total
Bukedde 14 (8.2) 155 (91.7) 169 (100)
Daily Monitor 5 (1.8) 261 (98.1) 266 (100)
Kamunye 11 (5.4) 191 (94.5) 202 (100)
New Vision 13 (8.3) 143 (91.6) 156 (100)
Red Pepper 16 (6.4) 232 (93.5) 248 (100)
The Observer 6 (4.5) 127 (95.4) 133 (100)
Average 11 (6) 185 (94) 196 (100)
28
STORIES WITH A DIRECT BEARING ON WOMEN
The 2017 Gender Media Awards Uganda proposed to recognize the print media houses that had more
stories relative to others that had a direct bearing on women. Such stories included the following:
a) Stories that had positive attributes (that referred to gender equality legislation / policy; are women
central; highlighted equality issues between women and men; and challenged gender stereotypes).
b) Stories that had negative connotations (reinforced gender stereotypes).
1. Stories with Positive Attributes
Table 12: Stories on Women with Positive attributes By Newspaper

Total Number
Newspaper Number %
of Stories
Bukedde 31 18.3 169
Daily Monitor 23 8.6 266
Kamunye 50 24.7 202
New Vision 31 19.8 156
Red Pepper 28 11.2 248
The Observer 21 19.7 133
Average 31 17 196
The number of stories, according to the above table that had a positive attribute (relative to the total
number of stories by each newspaper) was highest in Kamunye (24.7%), followed by New Vision
(19.8%) and The Observer (19.7%). They were lowest in Daily Monitor (8.6%), followed by Red Pepper
(11.2%) and Bukedde (18.3%).
29
Details of stories with a direct bearing on women (only positive attributes)
The table below summarizes findings relating to each newspaper with regard to specific stories with positive attributes.
Table 13: Stories with Positive Attributes (details) By Newspaper

Newspaper
Story Type
Reference to gender equality legislation / policy 2 (1.1) 2 5 (1.8) 5 3 (1.4) 3 6 (3.8) 6 3 (1.2) 3 10 (7.5) 10
Story about a particular woman / group of women 24 (14.2) 24 16 (6.0) 16 41 (20.2) 41 21 (13.4) 21 22 (8.8) 22 8 (6.0) 8
Highlights issues of in(equality) between women and men 2 (1.1) 2 1 (0.3) 1 3 (1.4) 3 2 (1.2) 2 1 (0.4) 1 2 (1.5) 2
Challenges gender stereotypes 3 (1.7) 3 1 (0.3) 1 3 (1.4) 3 2 (1.2) 2 2 (0.8) 2 1 (0.7) 1
Total (Number of Stories) 169 36 266 24 202 60 156 33 248 33 133 24
The table above indicates the performance of each print media house, relative to the total number of news stories by each paper, in relation to:
Reference to gender equality legislation or policy The highest number of stories in this category was in The Observer (7.5%), followed by New Vision
(3.8%) and Daily Monitor (1.8%). The lowest was in Bukedde (1.1%), Red Pepper (1.2%), and Kamunye (1.4%).
Story about a woman / women (women central) Under this category, the highest number of stories was in Kamunye (20.2%), followed by Bukedde
(14.2%) and New Vision (13.4%). The lowest was in both Daily Monitor and The Observer (each at 6.0%), followed by Red Pepper (8.8%).
Stories that highlighted issues of equality between women and men These appeared most in The Observer (1.5%) followed by Kamunye (1.4%) and
New Vision (1.2%). The least was in Daily Monitor (0.3%), Red Pepper (0.4%), and Bukedde (1.1%).
Stories that challenged gender stereotypes The highest number appeared most in Bukedde (1.7%), followed by Kamunye (1.4%) and New Vision
(1.2%), and least in Daily Monitor (0.3%), followed by The Observer (0.7%) and Red Pepper (0.8%).
30
2. Stories with Negative Connotations
Table 14: Stories that Reinforce Gender Stereotypes By Newspaper

Total Number
Newspaper Number %
of Stories
Bukedde 5 2.9 169
Daily Monitor 1 0.3 266
Kamunye 10 4.9 202
New Vision 2 1.2 156
Red Pepper 5 2.0 248
The Observer 3 2.2 133
Shown by the above table is that the lowest number of stories that had negative connotations (relative
to the total number of stories by each newspaper) appeared in Daily Monitor (0.3%) followed by New
Vision (1.2%) and Red Pepper (2.0%). The highest number featured in Kamunye (4.9%) followed by
Bukedde (2.9%) and The Observer (2.2%).
SPACE ALLOCATED TO STORIES THAT HAVE A DIRECT BEARING ON WOMEN
The awards were also intended to recognize the print media houses that gave prominence to stories with a
direct bearing on women in relation to the newspaper space (story size relative to a whole page) allocated
to them. For purposes of analysis, these have been divided into two, i.e.:
a) Story types that have positive attributes to them (Reference to gender equality policy / legislation;
women central, highlight issues of equality between women and men, and challenging gender
stereotypes.
b) Stories with negative connotations (reinforce gender stereotypes).
The page space allocated to such news stories by each newspaper is presented in the table below.
Table 15: Page Space allocated to Stories with Positive attributes By Newspaper
Page Space allocated
Total Number
Newspaper Less than
Full Half A Third Quarter (such stories)
Quarter
Bukedde 10 (32.2) 7 (22.5) 0 (0) 8 (25.8) 6 (19.3) 31 (100)
Daily Monitor 4 (17.3) 7 (30.4) 2 (8.6) 0 (0) 10 (43.4) 23 (100)
Kamunye 8 (16) 18 (36) 9 (18) 8 (16) 7 (14) 50 (100)
New Vision 0 (0) 23 (74.1) 5 (16.1) 2 (6.4) 1 (3.2) 31 (100)
Red Pepper 4 (14.2) 7 (25) 5 (17.8) 4 (14.2) 8 (28.5) 28 (100)
The Observer 7 (33.3) 11 (52.3) 1 (4.7) 1 (4.7) 1 (4.7) 21 (100)
The above table indicates (relative to the total number of such stories for each newspaper) that:
a) Full Page
The Observer had the largest number of stories (33.3%) covering full page followed by Bukedde
(32.2%) and Daily Monitor (17.3%). The least was by New Vision (0%) followed by Red Pepper
(14.2%) and Kamunye (16%).
b) Half Page
31
Coverage of such issues on page space equivalent to half page was highest in New Vision
(74.1%), followed by The Observer (52.3%) and Kamunye (36%). The least was in Bukedde
(22.5%) followed by Red Pepper (25%) and Daily Monitor (30.4%).
c) A Third of a Page
The newspaper with the highest number of such stories covered on space equivalent to a third of a
page was Kamunye (18%), followed by Red Pepper (17.8%) and New Vision (16.1%). The lowest
number was in Bukedde (0%) followed by The Observer (4.7%) and Daily Monitor (8.6%).
d) A Quarter of a Page
The newspaper with the lowest number of such stories being covered on space equivalent to a
quarter of a page was Daily Monitor (0%), followed by The Observer (4.7%) and New Vision
(6.4%). The highest was in Bukedde (25.8%) followed by Kamunye (16%) and Red Pepper
(14.2%).
e) Less than a Quarter of a Page

Coverage of such issues on space equivalent to less than a quarter of a page was lowest in New
Vision (3.2%), followed by The Observer (4.7%) and Kamunye (14%). The highest was in Daily
Monitor (43.4%) followed by Red Pepper (28.5%) and Bukedde (19.3%).
2. Stories with Negative Connotations (Reinforce Gender Stereotypes)
Table 16: Page Space allocated to Stories with Negative Connotations By Newspaper
Page Space allocated
Total Number
Newspaper Less than
Full Half A Third Quarter (such stories)
Quarter
Bukedde 3 (50) 1 (25) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1 (25) 5 (100)
Daily Monitor 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1 (100) 1 (100)
Kamunye 8 (80) 2 (20) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 10 (100)
New Vision 0 (0) 1 (50) 1 (50) 0 (0) 0 (0) 2 (100)
Red Pepper 3 (50) 0 (0) 1 (25) 0 (0) 1 (25) 5 (100)
The Observer 0 (0) 3 (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 3 (100)
The above table indicates (relative to the total number of such stories by each newspaper) that:
a) Full Page
Space allocated to stories reinforcing gender stereotypes in terms of full page was lowest in Daily
Monitor, New Vision and The Observer (each at 0%). The highest was in Kamunye (80%) as well
as in Bukedde and Red Pepper (both at 50%) each).
b) Half Page
Coverage of such issues on space equivalent to half of a page was lowest in both Daily Monitor
and Red Pepper (each at 0%), followed by Kamunye (20%). The highest was in The Observer
(100%) followed by New Vision (50%) and Bukedde (25%).
c) A Third of a Page
32
Space equivalent to a third of a page was lowest in Bukedde, Daily Monitor, Kamunye, and The
Observer (each at 0%). It was highest in New Vision (50%) and Red Pepper (25%).
d) A Quarter of a Page
None of the newspapers had any such issues being covered on this page size.
e) Less than a Quarter of a Page

Coverage of such issues on space equivalent to less than a quarter of a page was lowest in
Kamunye, New Vision and The Observer (each at 0%). The highest was in Daily Monitor (100%)
followed by both Bukedde and Red Pepper (each at 25%).
PLACEMENT OF STORIES WITH A DIRECT BEARING ON WOMEN
Pages that catch the eye relative to others in media studies have shown that the human eye is drawn to
odd pages much more than they are to even one. Therefore, it was purposed by the AGMA-U to recognize
those print media houses that allocated stories that have a direct bearing on women on odd rather than
even numbered pages. The rationale is to gauge, relative to each other, the newspaper which placed such
stories on odd pages because these catch the eye much more, relative to even pages.
Analysis of story placement on either odd or even pages has been presented hereunder to reflect the
prominence attached to:
a) Stories with positive attributes (that refer to gender equality policy / legislation; are women central,
highlight equality issues between women and men; and challenge gender stereotypes.
b) Stories that have negative connotations (reinforce gender stereotypes).

Table 17: Placement of Stories with Positive attributes by Newspaper

Placement (page number) Total Number
Newspaper
Odd Even (such stories)
Bukedde 20 (64.5) 11 (35.4) 31 (100)
Daily Monitor 15 (65.2) 8 (34.7) 23 (100)
Kamunye 31 (62.0) 19 (38.0) 50 (100)
New Vision 15 (48.3) 16 (51.6) 31 (100)
Red Pepper 12 (44.4) 15 (55.5) 27 (100)
The Observer 17 (80.9) 4 (19.0) 21 (100)
The above table shows that (relative to the total number of such stories by each newspaper), higher
prominence was given to such stories by featuring them on odd pages by The Observer (80.9%),
followed by Daily Monitor (65.2%) and Bukedde (64.5%). The least was by Red Pepper (44.4%)
followed by New Vision (48.3%) and Kamunye (62.0%).
33
2. Stories with Negative Connotations
Table 18: Placement of Stories which reinforce Gender Stereotypes by Newspaper

Placement (page number) Total Number
Newspaper
Odd Even (such stories)
Bukedde 4 (75) 1 (25) 5 (100)
Daily Monitor 1 (100) 0 (0) 1 (100)
Kamunye 4 (40) 6 (60) 10 (100)
New Vision 1 (50) 1 (50) 2 (100)
Red Pepper 3 (50) 3 (50) 6 (100)
The Observer 2 (66.6) 1 (33.3) 3 (100)
The above table shows that the newspaper which had the lowest number of such stories being featured
on odd pages was Kamunye (40%), followed by both New Vision and Red Pepper (each at 50%). The
highest number was in Daily Monitor (100%) followed by Bukedde (75.0%) and The Observer (66.6%).
34
DELIVERING THE NEWS
This section is about the people who delivered the news, i.e., the individual journalists who wrote
newspaper stories. The aim was to establish which newspaper had female relative to male journalists
presenting stories, as well as analyzing which types of stories were filed by female and male journalists.
Implicitly, this may lead to having a deeper understanding of newsroom politics and gender dynamics of
deployment.
REPORTERS OVERALL
The table below summarizes the number of female and male presenters, relative to the total number of
reporters, per newspaper.
Table 19: Reporters by Sex by Newspaper

Newspaper Reporters Total
Female Male Not Known
Bukedde 16 (8.2) 123 (63.1) 56 28.7 195
Daily Monitor 34 (11.1) 268 (88.1) 2 (0.6) 304
Kamunye 22 (10.6) 132 (63.7) 53 (25.6) 207
New Vision 41 (19.9) 150 (72.8) 15 (7.2) 206
Red Pepper 3 (1.1) 153 (60.0) 99 (38.8) 255
The Observer 30 (17.2) 143 (81.2) 3 (1.7) 176
The above table shows that the highest number of females delivering the news was in New Vision (19.9%),
followed by The Observer (17.2%) and Daily Monitor (11.1%). The number of females delivering the news
was lowest in Red Pepper (only 1.1%) followed by Bukedde (8.2%) and Kamunye (10.6%).
On the other hand, Daily Monitor had the highest number of male journalists (88.1%) followed by The
Observer (81.2%) and New Vision (72.8%). The least number of males was in Red Pepper (60.0%)
followed by Bukedde (63.1%) and Kamunye (63.7%).
There were, however, some stories whose authors were Not Known and could not be categorized as
either female or male, having been referred to as our reporter or reporters. The constitution of these
Unknowns was highest in Red Pepper (38.8%), followed by Bukedde (28.7%), Kamunye (25.6%), New
Vision (7.2%), The Observer (1.7%), and least in Daily Monitor (0.6%).
The above notwithstanding, the newspaper that came closest to balancing the number of female and male
reporters (discounting the unknown) was New Vision, followed by The Observer, and Kamunye. The
farthest was Red Pepper, followed by Bukedde and Daily Monitor.
The awards were also proposed to recognize those print media houses whose reporters (female and male)
wrote stories in a specific way. Among these are the following:-
The number of females relative to males covering the largest number of female or male news
subjects in their stories.
35
The table below summarizes such coverage.
Table 20: Sex of Reporter By Subjects Sex

Sex 1. New Vision 2. Daily Monitor 3. Red Pepper
F M T F M T F M T
Female 35 (28.4) 88 (71.6) 123 (100) 19 (31.6) 41 (68.4) 60 (100) 6 (27.2) 16 (72.8) 22 (100)
Male 113 (16.6) 566 (83.4) 679 (100) 136 (16.9) 665 (83.1) 801 (100) 165 (19.6) 677 (80.4) 842 (100)
Sex 4. The Observer 5. Bukedde 6. Kamunye

F M T F M T F M T
Female 39 (23.7) 125 (76.3) 164 (100) 13 (30.2) 30 (69.8) 43 (100) 11 (19.2) 46 (80.7) 57 (100)
Male 115 (17.8) 531 (82.2) 646 (100) 82 (23.9) 261 (76.1) 343 (100) 99 (20.7) 378 (79.3) 477 (100)
The table above indicates that the newspaper which had the largest number of female subjects being covered by female reporters was Daily Monitor
(31.6%) followed by Bukedde (30.2%) and New Vision (28.4%). The least was in Kamunye (19.2%) followed by The Observer (23.7) and Red Pepper
(27.2%).
The highest number of female news subjects being covered by male reporters was highest in Bukedde (23.9%) followed by Kamunye (20.7%) and Red
Pepper (19.6%). The least was in New Vision (16.6%), followed by Daily Monitor (16.9%) and The Observer (17.8%).
However, the newspaper which came closest to having its female reporters covering both female and male news subjects was Daily Monitor, followed by
Bukedde. The farthest was Kamunye, followed by The Observer, and New Vision.
On the other hand, the highest number of male news subjects being covered by female reporters was registered in Kamunye (80.7%), followed by The
Observer (76.3%) and Red Pepper (72.8%). The least was in Daily Monitor (68.4%), followed by Bukedde (69.8%) and New Vision (71.6%).
In the case of male subjects being covered by male reporters, the highest number was registered in New Vision (83.4%), followed by Daily Monitor (83.1%)
and The Observer (82.2%). The least was in Bukedde (76.1%) followed by Kamunye (79.3%) and Red Pepper (80.4%).
The above notwithstanding, the newspaper whose male reporters came closest to covering both female and male news subjects equally was Red Pepper,
followed by The Observer and Kamunye. The farthest was Bukedde, followed by Daily Monitor, and New Vision.
36
Sourcing of Female and Male News Subjects by Female and Male Reporters
Due consideration was given to the numbers of female and male news subjects directly quoted with regard to the sex of the reporter who quoted them.
Table 21: Quoted by Who?

Sex of
Sex of News Subjects
Reporter
F M T F M T F M T F M T F M T F M T
0 3 3 6 21 27 2 6 8 8 31 39 0 4 4 20 68 88
Female
(0) (100) (22.2) (77.7) (25) (75) (20.5) (79.4) (0) (100) (22.7) (77.2)
Male 7 37 44 48 240 288 7 36 43 45 187 232 19 89 108 37 146 183
(15.9) (84.0) (16.6) (83.3) (16.2) (83.7) (19.3) (80.6) (17.5) (82.4) (20.2) (79.7)
The above table shows that the largest number of female news subjects quoted by female reporters was highest in Kamunye (25%), followed by The
Observer (22.7%), and Daily Monitor (22.2%). The least was in Red Pepper and Bukedde (each at 0%), followed by New Vision (21.6%).
For the female subjects directly quote by male reporters, the largest number was registered in The Observer (20.2%), followed by New Vision (19.3%)
and Red Pepper (17.5%). The least was in Bukedde (15.9%), followed by Kamunye (16.3%) and Daily Monitor (16.6%).
Note , however, that gender balance in female reporters quoting both female and male news subjects was registered most in Kamunye, followed by
The Observer and Daily Monitor. The least was in both Red Pepper and Bukedde, followed by New Vision.
On the other hand, the highest number of male subjects being quoted by female reporters was registered in Red Pepper and Bukedde (each at 100%),
followed by New Vision (79.4%). The least was in Kamunye (75%), followed by The Observer (77.2%) and Daily Monitor (77.7%).
The highest number of male subjects being quoted by male reporters was registered in Bukedde (84.1%), followed by Kamunye (83.7%) and Daily
Monitor (83.4%). The least was in The Observer (79.8%) followed by New Vision (80.7%) and Red Pepper (82.5%).
It should be noted, however, that balance in quoting both female and male news subjects by male reporters was registered most in The Observer,
followed by New Vision and Red Pepper. The least was in Bukedde, followed by Kamunye, and Daily Monitor.
37
Reporting on Stories with a Direct Bearing on Women
Previous studies have indicated that there is a stronger inclination for female journalists to cover stories
that have a direct bearing on women than for their male counterparts. The foregoing notwithstanding, it
is also understood that there are a number of male journalists whose understanding of gender informs
their coverage of the said issues.
In that regard, the AGMA-U intended to recognize those print media houses whose reporters covered
more stories (relative to other papers) that had a direct bearing on women. There being both positive
attributes and negative attributes attached to such stories, analysis has been presented under the
following:
a) Females reporting on stories with a direct bearing on women.
b) Males reporting on stories with a direct bearing on women.
Note: Single stories filed by both female and male reporters as well as those reporters whose sex
was Not Known have been discounted.
1. Females reporting on Stories with a direct bearing on Women
Table 22: Number of Females Reporting on Stories with both Positive and Negative
Story bearing on Women Total Number
Newspaper (such stories)
Positively Negatively
Bukedde 1 (50) 1 (50) 2 (100)
Daily Monitor 1 (100) 0 (0) 1 (100)
Kamunye 2 (100) 0 (0) 2 (100)
New Vision 2 9.0 20 90.9 22 (100)
Red Pepper 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (100)
The Observer 6 (30) 14 (70) 20 (100)
The above table shows that stories with positive attributes (relative to those with negative
connotations) being filed by female reporters was highest in both Daily Monitor and Kamunye
(each at 100%), followed by Bukedde (50%). It was lowest in Red Pepper (0%), followed by New
Vision (9%) and The Observer (30%).
2. Males reporting on stories with a direct bearing on women

Table 23: Number of Males Reporting on Stories with both Positive and Negative
Story with Total Number
Newspaper (such stories)
Positive Attributes Negative Connotations
Bukedde 19 (86.3) 3 (13.6) 22 (100)
Daily Monitor 18 (94.7) 1 (5.2) 19 (100)
Kamunye 34 (82.9) 7 (17.0) 41 (100)
New Vision 20 (100) 0 (0) 20 (100)
Red Pepper 23 (82.1) 5 (17.8) 28 (100)
The Observer 14 (87.5) 2 (12.5) 16 (100)
Indicated in the above table is that, relative to the total number of stories of such nature by each
newspaper, the highest number of stories with positive attributes filed by male reporters was in
New Vision (100%), followed by Daily Monitor (94.7%) and The Observer (87.5%). It was lowest in
Red Pepper (82.1%), followed by Kamunye (82.9%) and Bukedde (86.3%).
38
B: RADIO STATIONS
1. Bukedde FM
2. Capital Radio
3. CBS Radio
4. Radio Simba
5. TOP Radio
39
INTRODUCTION
The AGMA-U (2017) proposed to recognize and reward those radio stations which (relative to others) had engendered their talk shows. Related findings
are indicated in the tables below:
Newspaper Program Day Time
1. Bukedde FM Ttabamiruka Saturday 9:00 am 11:00 am
2. Capital Radio Capital Gang Saturday 10:00 am 12:00 pm
3. CBS Radio Parliament Yaffe (Our Parliament) Saturday 10:00 am 12:00 pm
4. Radio Simba Gasimbagane ne Bannamawulire Saturday 10:00 am 12:00 pm
5. TOP Radio Ne GwOzadde Saturday 8:00 am 10:00 am
Moderators
None of the five selected radio stations had any female moderator (0% each) all having been male (100% in each case).
Table 24: Program Participants By Radio Station
In Studio Outside Studio

Radio Station
Panelists & Guests
Moderators Callers-in SMS Senders
(Resource People)
F M T F M T F M T F M T
Bukedde FM 0 (0) 1 (100) 1 (100) 1 (16.6) 5 (83.3) 6 (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0)
Capital Radio 0 (0) 1 (100) 1 (100) 0 (0) 5 (100) 5 (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 3 (50) (3) (50) 6 (100)
CBS Radio 0 (0) 1 (100) 1 (100) 0 (0) 3 (100) 3 (100) 0 (0) 3 (100) 3 (100) 0 (0) 1 (100) 1 (100)
Radio Simba 0 (0) 1 (100) 1 (100) 0 (0) 4 (100) 4 (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (100)
TOP Radio 0 (0) 1 (100) 1 (100) 0 (0) 4 (100) 4 (100) 0 (0) 1 (100) 1 (100) 0 (0) 6 (100) 6 (100)
40
Panelists
Only Bukedde FM had a female representation (16.6%) as opposed to 83.3% of males. The others
(Capital, CBS, Simba and TOP) had only males (100% in each case).
Calling-in and Sending SMS

- Calling-in
Only two stations (CBS and TOP) had phone-ins. They were, however, all men (100% in each
case). The others (Bukedde, Capital, and Simba) never had any calls-in (0% in each case).
- Sending SMS
Of all the five stations, SMS were sent and read on three stations ( Capital, CBS, and TOP). Of
these, however, only Capital had a female representation (50%) while those received by other
stations were from only (100% in each case) males.
TIME SPENT SPEAKING
The duration taken while speaking during the program by both female and male panelists was summarized
in the table below.
Table 25: Duration of In-Studio Discussions By Sex By Radio Station

Radio Station Time Spent Speaking
F M T
Bukedde FM 00:11:69 (17.4) 00:55:12 (82.5) 01:08:81 (100)
Capital Radio 0 (0) 01:36:00 (100) 01:36:00 (100)
CBS Radio 0 (0) 01:13:00 (100) 01:13:00 (100)
Radio Simba 0 (0) 01:14:15 (100) 01:14:15 (100)
TOP Radio 0 (0) 01:18:00 (100) 01:18:00 (100)
The table above shows that only Bukedde had both females (17.4%) and males (82.5%) speaking. The rest
(Capital, CBS, Simba, and TOP) never had any female (0% in each case), all discussions having been
made by males solely (each with 100%).
INTERJECTIONS
The table below shows who (female or male) was interjected and by who.
Table 26: Interjections (In-Studio) By Radio Station

Radio Station Woman by Woman by Woman by Man by Man by Man by Total
Woman Man Moderator Woman Man Moderator
Bukedde FM 0 (0) 6 (28.5) 0 (0) 2 (9.5) 10 (47.6) 3 (14.2) 21 (100)
Capital Radio 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 38 (31.9) 81 (68.0) 119 (100)
CBS Radio 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 22 (100) 22 (100)
Radio Simba 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 30 (54.5) 25 (45.4) 55 (100)
Top Radio 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 21 (11.3) 164 (88.6) 185 (100)
It shows that interjections of a:
41
Woman by Woman
Did not take place on any one radio station.
Woman by Man
There were no interjections of this nature on Capital, CBS, Simba and TOP (0%) in each case. Note
that they never had any female panelists in the first place. However, on Bukedde where panelists had a
female representation, such interjections constituted 28.5%
Woman by Moderator
There was no single interjection by the moderator of a female panelist in any of the five stations
programs.
Man by Woman
By virtue of their having had no female panelists, 4 radio stations ( Capital, CBS, Simba, and TOP)
never had any man being interrupted by a female. However, where there was female representation
(Bukedde), out of 21 interruptions in total, female interjections of a male constituted 9.5%.
Man by Man
The least interjections of a male by a male (relative to the total number of interjections per station) was
on CBS (0%), followed by TOP (11.3%) and Capital (31.9%). The highest was on Simba (54.5%)
followed by Bukedde (47.6%).
Man by Moderator
Relative to the total number of interruptions per radio station, the least number of times a moderator
interjected a male was on Bukedde (14.2%), followed by Simba (45.4%) and Capital (68.0%). The
highest was on CBS (100%) followed by TOP (88.6%).
42
C: TELEVISION
1. Bukedde TV
2. NBS
3. NTV
43
INTRODUCTION
The AGMA-U proposed to recognize and award selected television stations in as much as they engendered
their programs, specifically their talk show programs. The stations reviewed were:-
Newspaper Program Day Time

1. Bukedde TV Akabbinkano Sunday 11:00 pm 12:00 midnight
2. Nile Broadcasting Services (NBS) Frontline Thursday 10:00 pm 12:00 midnight
3. Nation Television (NTV) The Fourth Estate Sunday 10:00 pm 11:00 pm
The findings are contained in the tables below.
Topic
The table hereunder shows that while Bukedde TV covered the topical area of street vending, NBSs
was concerned with land issues, while NTV covered economic policies.
Occupation of Guests (Panelists)

All the three (100%) panelists on Bukedde were politicians (males only). On NBS, one of the two
female guests was a politician (50%), the other being in civil society (50%). The males on the other
hand had two politicians accounting for 66.6%, the other one (33.3%) having been a civil servant. On
the other hand, NTVs female was in the business area (100%) while for males there was a 33.3%
representation, each, in the areas of politics, business and media.
Moderators
All three television stations had only male presenters (100% in each case). None of them had a female
moderator (0% in each case).
Talk show Guests

Of all the three television stations, the highest representation of female guests / resource persons was
on NBS (40%), followed by NTV (25%). Bukedde had 0% female representation, all moderators (100%)
having been male.
44
Table 27: Program Participants (In-Studio) By Television Station
Television Topical Area
Moderators Guests Occupation
Station covered
F M T F M T F M
Bukedde TV Street vending 0 (0) 1 (100) 1 (100) 0 (0) 3 (100) 3 (100) 0 (0) Politicians (100)
NBS Land issues 0 (0) 1 (100) 1 (100) 2 (40) 3 (60) 5 (100) Politics (50) Politicians (66.6)
Civil Society (50) Civil Servant (33.3)
NTV Economic policies 0 (0) 1 (100) 1 (100) 1 (25) 3 (75) 4 (100) Business (100) Politician (33.3)
Business (33.3)
Media (33.3)
Table 28: Family Role and Space Allocated By Television Station

Space by Sex (Minutes)
Television Station Family Role Audio Video
F M T F M T F M T
Bukedde TV 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 00:00:00 (0) 00:44:00 (100) 00:44:00 (100) 00:00:00 (0) 00:08:00 (100) 00:08:00 (100)
NBS 5 (71.4) 2 (28.5) 7 (100) 00:37:26 (28) 00:54:36 (72) 01:32:02 (100) 00:54:36 (28) 01:32:02 (72) 00:04:04 (100)
NTV 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 00:15:00 (27) 00:41:00 (73) 00.56:00 (100) 00:01:37 (26) 00:04:00 (74) 00:05:37 (100)
Family Role
The table above shows that both Bukedde and NTV never attached a familial role to any of its panelists (be they female or male). However, NBS panelists
and other persons talked about during the program had familial roles attached to them. Of all those on NBS to whom familial role was attached, females
constituted 71.4% as opposed to only 28.5% for males.
Space Allocated
It shows further that the longest period spent by females speaking was on NBS (28%), followed by NTV (27%). Bukedde had 0%.
Non-Studio Voices
The awards intended to capture the number of female and male viewers who either call-in, send SMS or whose on-location recording (sound bytes) are
played.
45
Table 29: Calling In / SMS / Vox Pops (Non Studio) By Television Station
Television Station Calling in Sending SMS Vox Pops / Sound Bytes
F M T F M T F M T
Bukedde TV 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0)
NBS 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1 (100) 1 (100) 1 (50) 1 (50) 2 (100)
NTV 0 (0) 1 (100) 1 (0) 0 (0) 1 (100) 1 (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0)
Calling-in
Only NTV had a call-in, and this was only male (100%). Bukedde and NBS never had, (each at 0%) be it from a female or male caller.
Sending SMS
Both NBS and NTV received SMS. In each case however, they were all from males (100%) with none at all from a female.
On-location Recording / Sound Bytes

Only NBS received and played vox pops with a representation of 50% each for both females and males.
46
DURATION OF SOUND BYTES
On NBS, the duration of the on-location recording (sound bytes) for females constituted 34 seconds (24%)
and males 76% (1 minute and 07 seconds). Bukedde and NTV had none for both females and males.
Table 30: Duration of Vox Pops / Sound Bytes By Sex By Television Station
Television Station Female Male Total
Bukedde TV 00:00:00 (0) 00:00:00 (0) 00:00:00 (0)

NBS 00:00:34 (24) 00:01:070 ( 76) 00:01:41 (100)
NTV 00:00:00 (0) 00:00:00 (0) 00:00:00 (0)
Interjections
Relative to the total number of interjections per television station, the table below shows the following:
Woman by Woman
Bukedde and NTV had no female interjecting another. Note however, that Bukedde had no female
panelist, at all, in the first place. Interjections of a female by another female was highest and only on
NBS (36.8%).
Woman by Man
A female being interjected by a male was not evident in Bukedde, there having been no female panelist
at all. It was, however, lowest in NTV (5.8%) and highest on NBS (21.0%).
Man by Woman
Both Bukedde and NTV never had any man (0% in each case) being interjected by a woman. However,
this was the case in NBS (26.3%).
Man by Man
Bukedde had no (0%) interjections by a male of a male, while NBS had 15.7%, the highest being on
NTV (94.1%).
Table 31: Interjections By Television Station

Television Station Woman by Woman by Man by Man by Total
Woman Man Woman Man
Bukedde TV 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0)
NBS 7 (36.8) 4 (21.0) 5 (26.3) 3 (15.7) 19 (100)
NTV 0 (0) 1 (5.8) 0 (0) 16 (94.1) 17 (100)
47
Talk Shows Having a Direct Bearing on Women
It was proposed by the AGMA-U to examine the extent to which selected television talk show programs had
a direct bearing on women. The findings are summarized in the table below.
Table 32: Talk Show Having a Direct Bearing on Women by Television Station
Reference to Gender
Topic about Challenges Reinforces
Relevant Gender Program
Television Station Woman / Gender Gender
Policies, Equality, highlighted
Women Stereotypes Stereotypes
Legislation Equality
Bukedde TV 0 (0) 0 (0) 1 (33) 0 (0) 0 (0)
NBS 1 (100) 0 (0) 2 (67) 0 (0) 4 (100)
NTV 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0)
Referring to relevant gender equality policies or legislation

Only NBS TV (100%) made any such reference. Bukedde and NTV never did (each at 0%).
Being Women Central

None of the issues under discussion was about women or issues that affect especially women, on any
of the three television stations.
Highlighting issues of equality between women and men

NBS had the highest number of such issues being highlighted (67%), followed by Bukedde (33%). NTV
had 0%.
Challenging Gender Stereotypes

None of the three television stations on its program had an element of challenging stereotypes.
Reinforcing Gender Stereotypes

Bukedde and NTV (each 0%) never had gender stereotypes being reinforced. All stereotypes (100%)
were on NBS.
Overall Results
The Television station that struggled most to be engendered was NBS , followed by:
1st Runner Up: NTV
2nd Runner Up: Bukedde
48
PART 2: INDIVIDUAL SUBMISSIONS
B: RADIO
C: TELEVISION
49
INDIVIDUAL SUBMISSIONS, BY GENDER AND MEDIA HOUSE
Twenty five (26) journalists (12 male, 14 females) sent in their submissions for the different award
categories.
Names Gender Media House
1. Okot John M The Observer
B: RADIO
1. Atim Judith F KFM
2. Chipo Brenda F Mama FM
3. Ddamulira Gerald M CBS FM
4. Achan Irene F Radio Wa Lira
5. Lematia Henry M Radio Pacis Arua
6. Nakato Annet F Mama FM
7. Kibuuka Diana F CBS FM
8. Abiria Mary Grace F Radio Pacis Arua
9. Nanfuka Robinah F Mama FM
10. Mawerere Sarah F UBC Radio
11. Ageno Catherine F KFM
12. Jumbe Benjamin M KFM / Dembe FM
13. Luyiga Flavia F Salt FM
C: TELEVISION
1. Olweny Richard M NBS TV
2. Nabunya Justine F Record TV
3. Muwanga Ronald M NTV
4. Mukasa Abdalla Tiff M Record TV
5. Serwanja Solomon M NBS TV
6. Athman Raziah F Urban TV / Africa News
7. Kavulu Keneth M BBS TV
8. Nawonga Suzan F UBC TV
9. Tamale Willy M BBS TV
10. Kayonga Christopher M Wizards Media
11. Justine Birungi F Salt TV
C: WEBSITE
1. Nteza Michael M Chimpreports.com
In total, participants came from: one newspaper (The Observer), eight radio stations (KFM, CBS, Radio Wa
Lira, UBC Radio, Dembe, Salt FM, Radio Pacis Arua, and Mama FM), and one from Web News
(Chimpreports.com).
50
Eleven entries were received from nine television stations: NBS, Record TV, NTV, Urban TV / Africa News,
BBS TV, UBC TV, Wizards Media, and Salt TV.
Some entries were selected while others were disqualified for reasons given under status.
a) Best News Story
There was no single entry.
Names Entry Status
No submissions None

This category had only one entrant.
Names Media House Entry Status
Okot John The Observer Selected
51
The table below summarizes Part I of the analysis which relates to People in the story by the entrant.
Table 33: Entrants Performance Relating to the People in the Newspaper Feature Story
Entrant
Part 1: The People
Sex Occupation by Sex Family Role by Sex Directly Quoted Photographed
Sex M
F M Occupation F M F F M
F M
1. John Okot 7 (58) 5 (42) Not stated 3
1
(43)
(14)
2
0
(40)
(0)
3 (43) 2 (40) 7 (70) 3 (30) 0 (0) 0 (0)
Nurse 0 (0) 2 (40)

Doctor (Private) 2
1
(29)
(14)
1
0
(20)
(0)
CSO (Private)
Politician (Public)

The representation of female and male news subjects was 58% and 42% respectively.
Occupation of News Subjects

The representation (as a percentage of all females and males, as the case may be) of female subjects in the domestic / care-giving sphere (nurse /
CSO) was 43% while that of men (doctor / CSO) was 60%.
Representation of females in the public domain (politicians) was 14%, while for men, it was 0%.
The representation of females and males whose occupation was Not Stated was 43% and 40% respectively.
Family Role
Out of the 7 female subjects in the story, 3 (43%) were referred to in terms of their family status as mothers, while men similarly referred to as
father / son had a representation of 40%, out of a total of 5 (five).
Directly Quoted
Out of a total of 10 news subjects quoted directly, females and males constituted 70% and 30% respectively.
Photographed
None of the news subjects be they female or male were photographed.
52
Table 34: Entrants Performance Relating to Print Feature Story
Part 2: The Story
Topic Highlights Equality Challenges
Refers to Gender Reinforces Gender Gives related Analyzes Related
Scope Women Central between Women Gender
Policy, Legislation Stereotypes Statistics Issues
and Men Stereotypes
Health National 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
Topic
The story was under the topical area of (mental) health. The reporter by covering such a topic, challenged gender stereotypes.
Scope
Okots story had national implications.
Reference to Gender Equality Policies / Legislation

The story never made reference to any such issues.
Women Central
The story was not about women or issues that specially concern women.
Highlighted Gender Equality issues

Such issues were not highlighted in the story.
Challenged Gender Stereotypes

The story challenged gender stereotypes.
Reinforced Gender Stereotypes

Gender stereotypes were reinforced by the story.
Gave related Statistics

The story collaborated facts with statistics, but they were not sex disaggregated.
Analyzed Related issues

Related issues such as causation, types of, and solutions to, mental diseases, were analyzed.
53
c) Best Specialized Report
There were no entries.
Names Entry Status

No submissions None
d) Best Photograph
Names Entry Status
No submissions None
e) Best Cartoon
Names Entry Status
No submissions None
54
B: RADIO
a) Best News Story

There were two entrants for this award category as below:-
1. Kibuuka Diana CBS FM Selected
2. Nakato Annet Mama FM Disqualified (Mama FM is managed by UMWA, the
organizers of the AGMA)1
The table below summarizes Part 1 of the analysis which relates to People in the story by the selected entrant.
Table 35: Entrants Performance relating to the People in the Radio News Stories
Entrant
Part 1: The People
Sex Occupation by Sex Family Role by Sex Space by Sex (Minutes)
Sex
F M T Occupation F M F M T
F M
2. Kibuuka Diana 1 (33) 2 (67) 3 (100) Lawyer 1
0
(100)
(0)
0
1
(0
(50)
0 (0) 0 (0) 00:40 (44) 00:51 (56) 01:31 (100)
Politician 0 (0) 1 (50)

No stated

The representation of female and male subjects was 33% and 67% respectively.
Occupation
The representation (as a percentage of all females and males as the case may be) of females occupied in the public sphere outside the home was
100% (Males 50%, the rest of the males (50%) never had any stated occupation.
Family Role
None of the subjects was referred to in terms of any family role (Females 0%; Males 0%).
Space by Sex
The duration for talking was 44% (Females) and 56% (Males).
1
Conflict of interest All those who expressed interest but had a close association with Mama FM (an arm of UMWA) were not considered.
55
The table below summarizes Part 2 of the analysis which relates to the Story itself.
Table 36: Entrants Performance relating to Radio News Story Content

Part 2: The Story
and Men Stereotypes
Domestic Violence National 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
Topic
The story was under the topical area of Domestic Violence. Therefore, Kibuuka did not challenge stereotypes about what should (not) be covered by
females / males.
Scope
Kibuukas story had a national scope.

The story never made reference to any such issues.
Women Central
The story was not about women or issues touching especially women.
Highlighted Equality Issues between Women and Men

Issues of equality were not highlighted by the story.
Challenging Gender Stereotypes

The story never challenged gender stereotypes.

The story reinforced gender stereotypes of mens perceived superiority over women. This it does by stating that it is shameful for a man to go to police
and report a case of domestic violence, that I have been beaten by my wife You will be laughed at.
Being that traditionally it has been, the monopoly of men to beat their wives and socially accepted that men are stronger than women (the reverse also
being true). For a man to say that he has been beaten by a woman is to acknowledge that one is not man enough, which is socially unacceptable.
56
Radio Feature Story
Ten people expressed interest in this award category as indicated below:

1. Abiria May Grace Radio Pacis Arua Selected .
2. Achan Irene Radio Wa Lira
3. Jumbe Benjamin KFM / Dembe FM
4. Kayonga Christopher Wizards Media
5. Lematia Henry Arua Diocese Media Centre
Radio Pacis
6. Luyiga Flavia Salt FM
7. Mawerere Sarah UBC Radio
8. Chipo Brenda Mama FM Disqualified (conflict of interest)
9. Nanfuka Robinah Mama FM
10. Ageno Catherine KFM
57
Performance for each of the seven (7) entrants selected is contained in the table below relating to Part 1 (The People) of the analysis.
Table 37: Entrants Performance relating to the People in Radio Feature Stories
Entrant
Part 1: The People
Sex Occupation by Sex Family Role by Sex Space by Sex (Minutes)s
Sex
F M
1. Abiria May Grace 3 (37.5) 5 (62.5) 8 (100) Not stated 2
1
(67)
(33)
5
0
(100)
(0)
1 (33) 5 (100) 04:54 (90) 00:53 (10) 5:07 (100)
Lawyer
2. Achan Irene 2 (50) 2 (50) 4 (100) Casual 2 (100) 2 (100) 1 (50) 0 (0) 01:58 (51) 01:52 (49) 03:10 (100)
Labourer
3. Jumbe Benjamin 3 (60) 2 (40) 5 (100) Diplomat 2 (67) 1 (50) 0 (0) 0 (0) 02:16 (61) 01:36 (39) 03:52 (100)
Business 1 (33) 1 (50)
Person
4. Kayonga
Christopher
6 (50) 6 (50) 12 (100) Politician 2
1
(33)
(17)
2
0
(50)
(0)
3 (50) 3 (50) 06:47 (61) 04:10 (39) 10:57 (100)
Civil society 3 (50) 3 (50)

Home
0 (0) 1 (100)
maker /
Parent
Doctor
5. Lematia Henry 2 (25) 6 (75) 8 (100) Sportsperson 2 (100) 6 (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) 02:59 (44) 03:31 (56) 06:30 (100)
6. Luyiga Flavia 5 (56) 4 (44) 9 (100) Tailor 2

1
(40)
(20)
0
0
(0)
(0)
0 (0) 0 (0) 03:21 (30) 07:37 (70) 10:58 (100)

Teacher 0
0
(0)
(0)
1
1
(65)
(25)
Doctor 0 (0) 2 (50)
Politician
Not stated
7. Mawerere Sarah 5 (56) 4 (44) 9 (100) Resident 3

2
(60)
(40)
1
1
(25)
(25)
0 (0) 0 (0) 03:00 (67) 01:51 (33) 04:51 (100)
Civil servant 0 (0) 1 (25)

0 (0) 1 (25)
Driver
Not stated
58
59
Jumbes story had the highest number of female news subjects (60%). Luyigas and Mawereres were
next and at par, each with 56%. The lowest representation of females was in stories by Lematia (25%)
followed by Abiria(37.5%) while stories by Kayonga and Achan, each had 50%.
However, balance in female and male subjects was done by both Kayonga and Achan (in each case, F
50%; M 50%). Luyigas and Mawereres stories came nearest to that (in each case, F 56%; M
44%) followed by Jumbe (F 71%; M 29%), Lematia and Abiria (F 25%; M 75%) and (F 37.5%;
M 62.5%) respectively were furthest from having a balanced gender representation in subjects.
Occupation
The table indicates further that the stories with the highest representation of female subjects (as a
percentage of the total number of women in each story) occupied in the public sphere outside the home
as opposed to private / domestic / care-giving were by Achan, Jumbe and Lematia (each at 100%). The
least was in stories by Luyiga (0%), Abiria and Kayonga (each at 33%) followed by Mawerere (40%).
Family Role
Depiction of females in their family role (vis--vis their total number in the story) was highest in stories
by Achan and Kayonga (each at 50%), followed by Abiria (33%).
Note that it was only Kayonga who attached a familial role to males (50%). Indeed, none of the other
stories (by Achan, Jumbe, Lematia, Luyiga, and Mawerere) attached familial roles to anyone female
or male.
The above not withstanding, balance in attaching familial role was highest in stories by Jumbe,
Lematia, Luyiga and Mawerere (F 0%; M 0% each). Kayonga followed at 50% each for both
females and males. Gender imbalance was highest in stories by Achan (F 50%; M 0%) followed by
Abiria (F 33%; M 100%).
Space
Timing of the duration spent talking by both females and males in each entrants story reveals that
females spoke longer than men in Abirias story (90%) followed by Mawereres (67%). Jumbes and
Kayongas stories followed, each with 61%. They spent the shortest time in stories by Luyiga (30%)
followed by Lematia (44%) and Achan (51%).
However, the story that came closest to allocating equal space to both females and males was by
Achan (F 51%; M 49%) followed by Lematia (F 44%; M 56%) as well as by Jumbe and
Kayonga (each with F 61%; M 39%). The story furthest to balancing was by Abiria (F 90%; M
10%) followed by Luyiga (F 30%; M 70%) and Mawerere (F 67%; M 33%).
60
b) The second analytical area referring to the story itself (Part 2) is summarized in the table below, with regard to the performance of each
entrant
Table 38: Entrants Performance relating to Radio Feature Story Content
Part 2: The Story

Topic
Highlights Equality Challenges
and Men Stereotypes
1. Gender Equality Local 1 1 1 1 0 0 1
2. Business Local 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
3. Gender equality International 1 1 1 0 0 1 1
4. Health National 1 1 0 0 0 1 1
5. Sports Local 1 1 1 1 0 1 1
6. Disability National 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
7. Family Local 1 1 0 1 0 0 0
61
The above table shows that:
Topical Area
While Abiria and Jumbe each covered gender equality, Achan reported on business, Kayonga (health)
and Lematia (sports). Luyiga and Mawerere reported on disability and family, respectively.
The above notwithstanding, only Achan, Jumbe, and Kayonga defied stereotypes by covering topical
areas traditionally associated with their opposite sex.
Scope
While stories by Abiria, Achan, Lematia and Mawerere were local in scope, those by Kayonga and
Luyiga had national dimensions, and that of Jumbe was international in nature.

Out of the seven entrants, five (Abiria, Jumbe, Kayonga, Lematia, and Mawerere) made reference to
gender equality legislation / policies. The other two (Achan and Luyiga) did not.
Women Central
Only stories by Abiria, Jumbe, Kayonga, Lematia, and Mawerere were about a woman / woman, while
those by Achan and Luyiga were not.
Highlighted Equality between Women and Men

Only stories by Abiria, Jumbe, and Lematia highlighted gender equality. The rest (Achans Kayongas,
Kibuukas, and Mawereres) did not.

Stories by Abiria, Achan, Lematia, and Mawerere challenged gender stereotypes .The rest (by Jumbe,
Kayonga, and Luyiga) did not.

No story by anyone entrant reinforced gender stereotypes.
Gave Related Statistics

Apart from stories by Abiria, Achan, and Mawerere that did not, those by Jumbe, Kayonga, Lematia,
and Luyiga gave related statistics.
Analysis of Related issues

Stories by all entrants (Ageno, Jumbe, Kayonga, Luyiga and Achan), with the exception of Mawerere,
analyzed other issues relating to the topic presented.
62
RADIO DOCUMENTARY
c) Best Radio Documentary
There were three submissions under this category as indicated in the table below:
1. Ddamulira Gerald CBS FM Selected
2. Kibuuka Diana CBS FM
3. Mawerere Sarah UBC Radio
The performance of each of the entrants is summarized, first, in the table below relating to Part 1 (People in the Story).
Table 39: Entrants Performance relating to the People in Radio Documentaries
Entrant Part 1: The People
Sex
F M
1. Ddamulira Gerald 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) - - - - - - - - - - - - -
2. Kibuuka Diana 8 (80) 2 (20) 10 (100) Civil society 8
0
(100)
(0)
0
1
(0)
(50)
1 (13) 0 (0) 02:12 (86) 00:35 (14) 02:47 (100)
Royalty 0 (0) 1 (50)
Diplomat
3. Mawerere Sarah 9 (82) 2 (18) 11 (100) Student 6
2
(67)
(22)
0
0
(0)
(0)
1 (11) 0 (0) 04:21 (80) 01:08 (20) 05:29 (100)
Teacher 1 (11) 2 (100)
Not stated
The above table shows the following:

The highest representation of females was in the story by Mawerere (82%) followed by Kibuuka (80%) and lastly Ddamulira (0%). However, Kibuuka
had a slightly higher gender balance in news subjects than Mawerere.
None of the stories had a representation of females in what is considered the public sphere outside the home, as opposed to the private / domestic /
care-giving domain.
Family Role
While Ddamulira had no female (0%) referred to in terms of family role, Kibuuka had 13% and Mawerere had 11%. None of the stories attached family
roles to any males.
Space
63
Females spoke longest in Kibuukas story (86%) and shortest in Mawereres (80%). Damuliras subjects were not featured talking. However, gender
balance in speech time allocated to news subjects was higher in Mawereres story.
64
The second part of analysis covering the Story itself is summarized in the table below, giving the performance of each entrant.
Table 40: Entrants Performance relating to Documentary Story Content
Part 2: The Story
and Men Stereotypes
1. Gender Based
National 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
Violence
2. Peace and
International 0 1 0 1 0 1 1
Security
3. Health Local 1 1 0 1 1 0 1
65
The above table shows the following:
Topical area
While Ddamulira covered gender based violence, Kibuuka and Mawerere covered peace / security and
health respectively. It was, therefore, only Ddamulira and Kibuuka who challenged stereotypes by
covering those topical areas traditionally associated with their opposite sex.
Scope
Mawereres story had local dimensions while those for Ddamulira and Kibuuka were national and
international in scope, respectively.

Only one story (by Mawerere) referred to gender equality policies or legislation. The others (by
Ddamulira and Kibuuka) did not.
Women Central
All story entries were about a woman / women or issues that are especially related to women.
Highlighting Equality between Women and Men

None of the three stories did so.

Both stories by Kibuuka and Mawerere challenged gender stereotypes while Ddamuliras did not.

Only Mawereres story reinforced gender stereotypes. The other two (by Ddamulira and Kibuuka) did
not
.
Gave Statistics
Both stories by Ddamulira and Kibuuka backed up facts with related statistics. The one by Mawerere
did not.
Analyzed Related Issues

Stories by Kibuuka and Mawerere both analyzed issues relating to the topic covered. Ddamuliras did
not.
66
C: TELEVISION
a) Best News Story
There were four entrants for this category as indicated in the table below:
1. Birungi Justine Salt TV Selected
2. Muwanga Ronald NTV
3. Nabunya Justine Record TV
4. Raziah Athman Urban TV
The performance of the above entrants is summarized in the table below.

Table 41: Entrants Performance relating to the People in Television News Stories
Part 1: The People

Entrant
Sex Audio Video
F M T Occupation F M
F M F M T F M T
1. Birungi Justine 0 (0) 5 (100) 5 (100) Politician 0 (0) 2 (40) 0 (0) 0 (0) 00:00 (0) 02:58 (100) 02:58 (100) 00:00 (0) 01:50 (100) 01:50 (100)
Agriculture 0 (0) 2 (40)
Resident 0 (0) 1 (20)

2. Muwanga 0 (0) 2 (100) 2 (100) 0 (0) 1 (50) 0 (0) 0 (0) 00:00 (0) 01:17 (100) 01:17 (100) 00:00 (0) 01:17 (100) 01:17 (100)
Agriculture
Ronald 0 (0) 1 (50)
Civil Servant

3. Nabunya Justine 1 (20) 4 (80) 5 (100) 1 (100) 4 (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) 00:00 (0) 01:11 (100) 01:11 (100) 00:28 (8) 03:44 (92) 04:12 (100)
Security

4. Raziah Athman 1 (33) 2 (67) 3 (100) 0 (0) 1 (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) 01:1 (50) 01:12 (50) 02:22 (100) 01:3 (70) 00:57 (30) 02:27 (100)
Pilot
1 (50) 1 (50)
Student (Aviation)
67
The above table, relating to Part 1 (The People) shows the following:-

The representation of females in both Birungis and Muwangas stories was 0% (male 100% each),
while in Nabunyas story it was 20% female and 80% male. In Raziahs it was 33% (M 67%).
It shows further that Raziah came the closest to having a gender balance in News Subjects (F 33%;
M 67%) followed by Nabunya (F 20%; M 80%) as opposed to Birungis and Muwangas (F 0%;
M 100% each).

There was no occupation attached to any female, there having been no such subject in Birungis and
Muwangas stories while in Nabunyas and Raziahs, females working outside the home represented
100%, in each case.
On the other hand, the males in Birungis story had an occupational representation of working outside
the home standing at 80%. The rest (20%) were merely residents. In Nabunyas and Raziahs stories,
all the males (100% in each case) worked outside the home.
Family Role by Sex

In all four stories there was no attachment of family role to anyone subject, female or male.
Space by Sex
- Audio
It was only in Raziahs story that female voices were heard (50%). On the other hand, there was no
single (0%) representation of female voices in stories by Birungi, Muwanga and Nabunya, only
males (100% in each case) having been heard.
It is, therefore, only Raziah who had a gender balance in voices. The rest did not.
- Video
There was no single female subject viewed in Birungis and Muwangas stories (Males 100% in
each case) while in Nabunyas story it was 8% (Males 92%), and in Raziahs 70% (M 30%).
The above notwithstanding, it was Raziahs story that had the highest gender balance in physical
appearance (F 70%; M 30%).
68
b) The second analytical area (Part 2) relating to the story itself summarizes the performance of each entrant.
Table 42: Entrants Performance relating to Television News Story Content
Part 2: The Story
Topic Refers to Gender Highlights Equality Challenges Reinforces Gender Gives related Analyzes Related
Scope Policy, Legislation Women Central between Women Gender Stereotypes Statistics Issues
and Men Stereotypes
1. Drought Local 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2. Prostitution Local 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
3. Labour / National 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
Employment
International
4. Transport 1 1 1 1 0 1 1
Topic
While Birungis story was about drought, Muwanga and Nabunya covered prostitution and labour / employment issues respectively. On the other hand,
Raziah reported on transport.
All the four have deviated from what is traditionally covered by their opposite sex.
Scope
Birungis and Muwangas stories had a local scope while Nabunyas had national dimensions.
Reference made to Gender Equality Policy or Legislation
Apart from the one by Raziah, none of the other stories made any such related reference.
Women Central
Only one story (by Raziah) was women central, the others (by Birungi, Muwanga, and Nabunya), were not.
Highlighting Equality between Women and Men
Of all the four stories, only the one by Raziah highlighted any such issues.
Except the one by Raziah, the other stories never challenged gender stereotypes.
While Muwangas and Nabunyas stories reinforced gender stereotypes, Birungis and Raziahs did not.
Gave related Statistics
None of the three stories supported facts with any relevant statistics, except the one by Raziah.
With the exception of Raziahs, none of the other stories made any analysis of issues relating to the topic they covered.
69
There were three (3) entrants, all of whom were selected.

2. Kavulu Keneth BBS Terefayina
3. Nabunya Justine Record TV
The performance of the entrants is summarized in the table below (Part 1 The People).
Table 43: Entrants Performance relating to People in Television Feature Stories

Part 1: The People
Entrant
Sex Audio Video

F M F M T F M T
1. Birungi Justine 0 (0) 1 (100) 1 (100) Government 0 (0) 1 (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) 00:00 (0) 01:52 (100) 01:52 (100) 00:00 (0) 01:14 (100) 01:14 (100)
Employee

2. Kavulu Keneth 3 (100) 0 (0) 3 (100) 3 (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 10:13 (100) 00:00 (0) 10:13 (100) 04:53 (100) 00:00 (0) 04:53 (100)
Not stated

3. Nabunya Justine 1 (33) 2 (67) 3 (100) 1 (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 02.16 (62) 01:33 (38) 03:49 (100) 02:43 (67) 01:21 (33) 04:04 (100)
Civil society
0 (0) 2 (100)
Not stated
70
The above table shows the following:-

The highest representation of females was in Kavulus story (100%) followed by Nabunyas (F 33%;
M 67%). The story by Birungi had no single (0%) female. It shows further that Nabunya came closest
to balancing news subjects (F 33%; M 67%) as opposed to Kavulu (F 100%; M 0%) and Birungi
(F 0%; M 100%).

There having been none, no single females occupation is reflected in Birungis story, while in Kavulus,
none of the females occupation was stated. However, females in Nabunyas story were all (100%)
employed outside the home, in the public sphere.
The males in Birungis story were all (100%) in the public domain outside the home while those in
Nabunyas (100%) had no (not stated) occupation tagged onto them.
None of the females was occupied in the public sphere as opposed to the private / domestic / care-
giving domain, in any of the three stories.
Family Role by Sex

No female or male subject was referred to by family role, in any of the three stories.
Space by Sex
- Audio
There was no single female voice (0%) in Birungis story (Males 100%). Just as there was no
single male voice in Kavulus story (Females 100%). However, Nabunyas had a female audio
representation of 62% (Males 38%).
Therefore, it was only Nabunya who came closest to balancing the duration of female and male
voices.
- Video
Appearance of females in Birungis story had a 0% representation (Males 100%) but Nabunyas
had an appearance of 67% (Males 33%).
Nabunya came closest to balancing the physical appearance of female and male subjects than Birungi
and Kavulu.
71
The second analytical area (Part 2 The Story) below summarizes the performance of each of the two entrants.
Table 44: Entrants Performance relating to Television Story Content
Part 2: The Story
Topic
Highlights Equality Challenges
and Men Stereotypes
1. Environment / Tourism Local 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5. Prostitution Local 0 1 0 0 1 0 1
Topic
While Birungis story was about the environment / tourism, Nabunyas covered health. None of them challenged the notion that female journalists can
cover hard topics. On the other hand, Kavulu challenged it by covering prostitution that specifically targeted females.
Scope
Birungis and Kavulus stories had local dimensions while Nabunyas was national in scope.
Reference to Gender Equality Policies or Legislation
None of the stories made any such reference.
Women Central
Stories by Birungi and Nabunya were not women central. However, the one by Kavulu was.
None of the stories highlighted any such issues.
All stories never challenged stereotypes.
Birungis story never reinforced gender stereotypes. However, Kavulus and Nabunyas did so.
Gave Related Statistics
While Birungi and Kavulu never gave any statistics in their stories, Nabunya collaborated facts with related statistics.
It was only in Nabunyas and Kavulus stories that related issues were analyzed. That of Birungi did not.
72
c) Best Television Documentary
This award category attracted five (5) submissions, all of whom were selected.
2. Mukasa Abdalla Tiff Record TV
3. Nawonga Suzan UBC TV
4. Olweny Richard NBS TV
5. Serwanja Solomon NBS TV
The first part of analysis relating to people is summarized in the table below, giving the performance of each of the selected entrants.
Table 45: Entrants Performance relating to People in Television Documentaries
Part 1: The People
Entrant
Sex Audio Video

F M F M T F M T
1. Birungi Justine 3 (37) 5 (63) 8 (100) Home maker 3 (100) 1 (20) 2 (67) 1 (20) 00:03 (1) 03:56 (99) 03:59 (100) 00:04 (1) 03:40 (99) 03:44 (100)
Security 0 (0) 1 (20)
Government 0 (0) 1 (20)
Employee
Politician 0 (0) 1 (20)
Resident 0 (0) 1 (20)
Community
3 (50) 3 (50) 6 (100) 1 (33) 0 (0) 2 (67) 0 (0) 01:54 (38) 02:12 (62) 04:06 (100) 03:06 (43) 04:05 (57) 07:11 (100)
2. Mukasa Abdalla Tiff 0 (0) 1 (33)
Development 0 (0) 1 (33)
Officer 2 (67) 1 (33)
Civil society
Peasant farmer
Not stated
3. Nawonga Suzan 1 (50) 1 (50) 2 (100)
Journalist 1
0
(100)
(0)
0
1
(0)
(100)
1 (100) 0 (0) 00:40 (43) 00:52 (57) 01:32 (100) 02:18 (63) 01:26 (37) 03:44 (100)
Doctor
4. Olweny Richard 3 (30) 7 (70) 10 (100)
Student 3
0
(100)
(0)
1
4
(14)
(57)
0 (0) 0 (0) 02:12 (50) 02:09 (50) 04:21 (100) 04:28 (58) 03:14 (42) 07:42 (100)
Teacher 0 (0) 2 (29)
Security
5. Serwanja Solomon 3 (43) 4 (57) 7 (100)
Home maker 1
1
(33)
(33)
0
1
(0)
(25)
1 (33) 0 (0) 03:08 (57) 02:28 (43) 05:36 (100) 05:09 (62) 03:18 (38) 08:27 (100)
1 (33) 0 (0)
73
0 (0) 2 (50)
Student
Civil servant
Paramilitary
74
Mukasa and Nawonga had the highest representation of females (50% each), and 50% each for males.
These were followed by Serwanja (43%), and Birungi (37%). The story with the least female
representation at only 30% was by Olweny.
The stories closest to balancing female and male subjects were by Mukasa and Nawonga, at 50% for
both females and males each, in the two stories. These were followed by Serwanja (F 43%; M
57%); Birungi (F 37%; M 63%) and Olweny (F 30%; M 70%).

The story designating females working in the public sphere outside the home (as a percentage of all
the women in the story) was by Nawonga (100%) followed by Mukasa and Serwanja (each with 33%).
Birungis and Olwenys stories never had any females occupied outside the home (each at 0%).
Conversely, the stories that had more females confined to the domestic sphere were by Birungi (100%;
Males 20%) and Serwanja (33%). Stories by Mukasa, Nawonga and Olweny never had any female
subjects confined to the familial sphere.
The highest representation of males in the public sphere was in stories by Nawonga and Serwanja,
(each at 100%) followed by Olweny (86%), Birungi (60%) and Mukasa (33%).
The above mentioned notwithstanding, it was only Nawongas story with women working outside the
home in the public sphere, as opposed to the private / domestic / care-giving domain (represented by
100%).
Family Role
The least number of females referred to in terms of their family role was in the story by Olweny (0%)
followed by Serwanja (33%) and both Birungi and Mukasa (67% each). Nawonga had a 100%
representation of females being referred to in terms of their family role.
On the other hand, no other story had any males being referred to in a similar way, except one by
Birungi (20%).
Space by Sex
- Audio:
As a percentage of women in the story, female voices were heard longest in the story by Serwanja
(57%) followed by Olweny (50%) and Nawonga (43%). Female voices were heard least in stories
by Birungi (only 1%) and Mukasa (38%).
It should be noted that it was only Olweny who had a balance in both female and male voices
(each at 50%) followed by both Nawonga (F 43%; M 57%) and Serwanja (F 57%; M 43%).
- Video:
Female news subjects were viewed longest in the story by Nawonga (63%) followed by Serwanja
(62%), and Olweny (58%). They were least in stories by Birungi (only 1%), and Mukasa (43%).
However, gender balance in video coverage was highest in the story by Mukasa (F 43%; M 57%),
followed by Olweny (F 58%; M 42%) and Serwanja. Next were Nawonga, and Birungi.
75
The performance of each entrant in analytical Part 2 referring to the story itself is summarized in the table below.
Table 46: Entrants Performance relating to Television Documentary Content

Part 2: The Story
and Men Stereotypes
1. Tradition / Culture Local 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
2. Child Abuse Local 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
4. Sexual Harassment National 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 missed opportunity
5. Post War Integration National 0 0 0 1 0 1 (NGS) 1
NGS: Data Not Gender Segregated
76
Topic
The topics covered by each of the entrants were tradition / culture (Birungi), child abuse (Mukasa),
health (Nawonga), sexual harassment (Olweny), and war-reintegration (Serwanja). It were only Mukasa
and Olweny who challenged stereotypes about topics to be covered by either females or males.
Scope
Stories by Birungi and Mukasa were local in scope while those by Nawonga, Olweny and Serwanja
were national.
Reference to Gender Equality Policies or Legislation

Only one story (by Olweny) made any such reference. The rest (by Birungi, Mukasa, Nawonga and
Serwanja) did not.
Women Central
Of all the five stories, only one (by Nawonga) was about women. The rest (by Birungi, Mukasa, Olweny
and Serwanja) were not women central.

None of the stories highlighted any such issue.

Only stories by Birungi and Serwanja challenged stereotypes. The others (Mukasa, Nawonga and
Olwenys) did not.

While stories by Mukasa, Nawonga and Serwanja did not reinforce gender stereotypes, those by
Birungi and Olweny did so.
Related Statistics Given

Only two stories (by Nawonga and Serwanja) supported facts with related statistics. The rest (by
Birungi, Mukasa and Olweny) did not.
Note that while both Nawonga and Serwanja gave statistics, it was only Nawongas statistics that were
gender segregated. Those by Serwanja were not.

Birungis story never had any analysis done with regard to related issues. The rest (Mukasa, Nawonga,
Olweny and Serwanja) made an analysis of related issues.
Noted that while that was the case, Olwenys story was a missed opportunity. Its failure to provide
gender segregated data about sexual harassment at Makerere University left the public largely
uninformed about the magnitude of the problem as well as the implications for both females and males
affected.
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BEST PHOTOGRAPH
1. Television: Best Video
Only one entry by Tamale Willy (BBS TV) was submitted for this category.
The picture shows three people two women, and one man.
The two women are apparently seated / riding on a motorcycle / a.k.a. boda-boda, the rider being a
male.
The women are carrying one kiosk and one sign post, advertising MTN Mobile Money and Airtel
Money services.
Issues
1. In Uganda today, it is men who dominate the boda-boda industry. The photo points to womens
inability to get involved in this business because they are women; their perceived lack of the guts to
ride them; or their inability to raise the required funds to own them. This reinforces stereotypes
about men being daring, having financial muscle vis--vis women, or that a normal woman cannot
be seen riding a motorcycle.
2. The photo points to the ever increasing number of women venturing outside the home; joining and
operating businesses of whatever magnitude. This challenges stereotypes about womens being
home grounded as opposed to being in the public domain; their perceived dependence on men;
and their ability to start and operate businesses.
2. Website: Best Photograph
There was only one entry submitted under this award category by Nteza Michael
(Chimpreports.com).
The picture was taken during one of Kampala Capital City Authoritys (KCCA) annual festivals. It shows
a woman undergoing a security check (body search) as is the norm during such festivals. However, the
security personnel is seen digging deep between the thighs of the woman in question.
Issues
1. At what point can the media draw the line between exposing the ills of society the humiliation that
people (especially women undergo). Degrading and humiliating a woman under the guise of
ensuring security and, degrading a woman under the guise of exposing societal ills?
2. The security search conducted is being done by a female security officer. Is there a possibility that
the photographer wished to make a point, that it is not only men who humiliate women by
gropping and fondling women actually, women also do it to fellow women, perhaps in a more
macabre way!
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CONCLUSIONS
The Annual Gender Media Awards Uganda (AGMA-U ) have the overall objective of making gender
sensitive reporting a standard journalistic practice. Analysis of productions by selected media houses
(Newspapers: Bukedde, Daily Monitor, Kamunye, New Vision, Red Pepper, and The Observer; Radio
stations: Bukedde, Capital, CBS, Simba and TOP; Television stations: Bukedde, NBS and NTV, as well as
Individual Journalists for different Award categories in print, radio and television stories points to the view
that the 2017 edition of AGMA-U have largely been successful, albeit with pockets of downs.
This is evidenced in relation to each of the specific objectives, as indicated below:
1. Identifying, recognizing and awarding the efforts of those individual presenters / journalists
who, and media houses that, have communicated gender in their productions
Each participating media house and individual journalist / presenter has been recognized by being
awarded a Certificate of Participation. Additionally, the Overall Winners, First Runners Up and Second
Runners Up in each Award category have been awarded Certificates and deserving prizes in form of
trophies and cash.
That a good number of individual journalists / presenters from across the country and from different
media fora print, electronic and social submitted their published works for this first ever AGMA-U
demonstrates that the Awards have garnered interest. This is hoped to increase over the years.
Similarly, that media houses and individual journalists had elements of gender responsiveness in some
aspects of their productions is testimony to the fact that over time, there will be tremendous
improvements in gender representation and presentation in and by the media. The Awards Have
Demonstrated That It Is Actually Possible, It Can Be Done!
2. Motivating upcoming and practicing journalists to embrace gender sensitive writing as a

standard journalistic practice
Motivation as envisaged above is not an event but rather a process that is likely to take some time. It is
hoped that the Awarding Event will create accumulative motivation in two major ways one, through
the recognition accorded, and awards given, to participants and overall winners, especially for already
practicing journalists / media houses; and two, through the invited guests themselves. For example, in
the case of upcoming journalists, guests from media houses where journalists conduct their internship,
and training institutions where journalists learn the trade will generate motivation towards gender
sensitive reporting among their interns / students, as the case may be.
3. Creating awareness about the existing gender gaps (inequalities / injustices) in, and those
promoted by the media
While the awards have shown that Yes it is possible and it can be done, analysis of works by
participating media houses and individual journalists has shown that the journey is still long. This is
because of the vast and diverse gender differences in who presents news / programs and how it is
done, as well as showing that women and men who appear in the news and on different talk show
programs are treated differently because they were either born female or male. The awarding
79
ceremony and all the other activities culminating into this event have, therefore, created awareness
about these inherent and persistent inequalities.
4. Highlighting the possibilities and intricacies involved in producing gender sensitive stories
It has been variously argued that producing gender sensitive media products is an uphill task because,
among others, it does not make business sense; it is not easy to source female subjects; that it wastes
a lot of time through conducting related research, and that what is gender equality after all?
The AGMA-U 2017 version has demonstrated that actually none of the above defensive notions holds
water because there have, indeed, been gender sensitive stories / programs or parts of them. There,
for example, were stories / programs that had gender equality in the number or news subjects and
sources; several devoid of gender misrepresentations and portrayal; others actually challenged those
misrepresentations and portrayal; many highlighted issues of inequality between women and men;
some made reference to gender equality legislations and/or policies, while backing up facts they gave
with related statistics and; a good number of stories were about women or issues that are of critical
concern to women.
It means, therefore, that someone went an extra mile to source both female and male subjects; did the
necessary research and generally had an idea about what producing a gender sensitive media product
entails. If only everybody can do that, only the sky can be the limit.
In this regard, too, the Awards have demonstrated that the overall objective can be achieved.
5. Trigger an increase in the quality and quantity of media reporting especially about women
whose stories, concerns, and aspirations are currently as low as 20% in Ugandas media
In this aspect, too, the Awards have demonstrated that gender sensitive reporting can be achieved. For
example, out of the 1,210 newspaper stories analyzed, 132 (11%) were women central. On the other
hand, out of a total of 27 stories by individual journalists, 8 (30%) were women central.
Conceivably then, such percentage representations can and will be used as a base for triggering the
quantity and quality of women central stories.
6. Contributing to the existing initiatives that recognize excellence in journalism
There are several efforts towards recognizing excellence in journalism. These, among others, include
the USPA Award; the Radio and Television Award; the Uganda Journalism Award; the Human Rights
Award; the Uganda Wash Media Awards; and Excellence in Coverage of Elections Award.
With the exception of the latter, all the other Awards are geared towards recognizing reporting on
specific issues. However, AGMA does not only analyze those said specific areas, but also
encompasses a wide spectrum of other analytical issues all based on gender throughout the story
or program.
In this aspect, AGMA has been successful because it also has contributed to such other existing
initiatives, albeit from a wholly gender perspective.
80
While that be the case, however, the AGMA-U 2017 witnessed challenges that forestalled what would
otherwise have been a very successful venture. For example, largely due to financial constraints, the
number of participating media houses was smaller than would have been optimal; the number of
individual journalists was less than anticipated; and duration of the analysis was much less than would
otherwise have been the case had funds been adequate.
Challenges notwithstanding, the AGMA-U 2017 has demonstrated that if all stakeholders put their
minds to it together gender sensitive reporting can and will become a standard journalistic practice.
81
RECOMMENDATIONS
To make the AGMA-U more meaningful, viable and successful, the organizers (UMWA) should consider the
following:-
1. Continue having the Awards regularly on annual basis as the name suggests.
2. Organize the Awards in form of a series of continuous surveys that come out with periodic reports
(preferably on a monthly basis).
3. Share the said reports in monthly dissemination fora with all stakeholders. That way, the AGMA-U will
not come to be seen as a theatre for competition, but rather as a means towards a greater goal
changing the mindset of having a gender representative and fair media.
For media houses in particular, such findings will make them much more aware about gender
disparities in the media and hopefully draw their attention to the need for in-house changes geared
towards the desired outcomes.
4. To make the Awards be truly representative and national in nature and scope, endeavour to involve as
many media houses and encourage the participation of more individuals, as is practically possible.
5. To achieve the foregoing, involve and partner with all stakeholders including but not limited to the
Government, UN Agencies, Local and International CSOs, Media Agencies involved in training,
research, production and publishing as well as Media Rights Groups and Associations.. The corporate
world should also be brought on board. This will not only encourage development and enhancing of
close working ties, trigger off gender responsive development in all sectors, but also the generation of
finances that are so essential and necessary for the smooth organization of the Awards and the
positive development that would come with it.
82
REFERENCES
Media and Elections in Uganda: A Gender Analysis of Print Media Coverage of the 2016 General
Elections (2016), Uganda Media Womens Association, UMWA Publication, Kampala.
ACE (2012) (3rd Ed.): Media and Elections, ACE Electoral Knowledge Network, accessed June 15,
2016.
http://aceproject.org/ace_entopics/me/me/10/me/oe
GMMP (2010): Who Makes the News? Global Media Monitoring Project 2010, World Association for
Christian Communication.
Bukirwa Sentamu, M. (1997): Challenges to Womens career advancement in the Print Media: The
Case of The New Vision and Monitor Newspapers, MA Dissertation, Makerere University, Kampala.
Gallagher, M. and My von Enler (1996): Womens Participation in the News, World Association for
Christian Communication, Toronto
UNESCO (1995): Women and the Media: Access to Expression and Decision Making ,
International Symposium, Toronto Plan for Action, February 28 March 3, 1995, Toronto, Canada.
Bukhart, N. (1993): Aps Coverage of Women: What is Womens News? How far have we come? ,
APME Foreign News Committee Report, October 1993.
ISIS (1981): Women and the Media, ISIS International Bulletin 18, ISIS, Rome.
Gallagher, M. (1979): Womens Participation in the News, UNESCO, Paris.
Newland, B. (1979: The Sisterhood of Man, Norton and Co., New York.
83
THE GENDER SENSITIVE MEDIA SCORE CARD
Justice, fairness and a sense of equality between men and women, are key in a gender sensitive story. The issues below form part of the
Gender Sensitive Media Yard Stick applied to all published and analyzed content.
Breadth of coverage
The coverage should reflect a holistic view of women and men.
Gender awareness and sensitivity should be built into the stories (radio, television or print).
Depth of Coverage
The coverage should give fair and equal time / space to women and mens voices.
Efforts should be made to probe for the underlying gender issues (inequalities, injustices) in the stories.
Both men and women (in equal numbers) should be consulted to get a broad spectrum of views.
News Subjects and Sources
Who is speaking in the story, and on what? Each gender should be given an opportunity to comment / respond on the private and the
public, in equal measure.
Story Angles
The stories should be analytical. They should go beyond the event and bring out the underlying gender issues (inequalities / concerns /
injustices and aspirations).
Male and female subjects should be treated equally (in terms of quotations, placements, and visibility).
Coverage should demonstrate neutrality and not apportion blame on the subject irrespective of sex, class, ethnicity or tribe. If there is
any blame this should be contextualized, but not to making sweeping or blanket statements.
Does the story challenge or reinforce gender stereotypes? The best story should not reinforce but challenge stereotypes related with
women or men.
Are stories approached from a human rights perspective? (Fairness, inclusiveness, representation, and presentation).
Are the experiences and concerns of women or men been trivialized in anyway? None should be trivialized.
Content
Relevance of content: Does it benefit women and men in equal measure?
What financial benefit is it to women or men? Both should be implied.
Is data disaggregation by gender?
Where possible stories should make reference to the relevant policies and legislations (national or international), that provide for non-
discrimination or gender equality, in particular.
Language
The language used should be sensitive to both women and men. It should be constructive but not derogatory to men or women. Not
promoting one gender against the other.
Are gender neutral terms used or it is assumed that masculine terms are inclusive of women too? E.g. camera operator is preferred
against camera man, chairperson for chairman.
Is the physical description of women or men relevant to the story? If so, is it done equally to both women and men?
Gender stereotypic language / words: No gender should appear to be patronized or portrayed in an inferior position or in sexist manner.
Are women portrayed as survivors or victims: The best story is that one which challenges the negative stereotypes.
Stories on gender based violence, for example should offer hope to the survivor, and information on the available medical facilities but
not blame the victims.
Delivery of News
Female and male reporters / editors should be equally represented in the sourcing, writing, editing and presentation of news / program.
Visuals / Portrayal
Are women and men equally represented in pictures / video, etc?
Is there a gender bias in how the event is portrayed? Is it justified? Why? Does it add value to development?
For professional women, does the image show a professional role, as opposed to emphasizing the physical attributed of women e.g.
beauty, their marital status or family relations to men in power?
Are women or men portrayed as active or passive? What role is the woman or man playing in the picture?
Does the image degrade the dignity of men or women? None should be degraded. If for example you substitute man for woman or vice
versa does the story still make sense? Or will you carry that story?
The best story is that one which treats both men and women, in the same light.
Placement
The male and female genders should be accorded equal space, and the content about them, allocated space / time, equitably. The
views or picture of one gender should not be carried on front or on strategic (odd) pages at the expense of the other.
84
SCORE CARD PER ISSUE ANALYZED
1. MEDIA HOUSES
A: NEWSPAPERS
Table 47: Score Card Per Issue Analyzed By Newspaper

Newspaper
S/N Issues Analyzed Bukedde Daily Monitor Kamunye New Vision Red Pepper The Observer
Newspaper
1. Gender balance in news subjects 6 1 4 5 2 3
Gender balance in topical Males Politics, Economy, Science and Technology 2 6 4 3 1 5
2. areas traditionally Social 1 5 4 2 3 6
associated with Females
Politics and Government, Security,
Public sphere Science and Technology, Business, 1 2 4 3 5 6
Religion
3. Gender balance in Occupations deemed Education , Care Giving (Health, Social,
Domestic / Private Child), Office / Service / Non-
4 1 2.5 2.5 6 5
domain Management Workers, Activist (NGO,
Civil Society), Homemaker, Parent
5. Gender balance in attachment of Familial roles to news subjects 1 4 2 3 6 5
6. Gender balance in News sources 6 2 4 4 1 4
Politics and Government 2 3.5 5.5 3.5 5.5 1
Public
The Economy 5.5 1 4 2 3 5.5
7. Gender balance in Topics where quoted
Social Issues 2.5 4.5 4.5 6 1 2.5
Private
The Arts 2 4.5 1 3 4.5 4
Balance in Female / Male news subjects 5 1 2.5 6 4 2.5
9.
featured in Photographs
Quoted 3 4 1 6 2 5
10. Gender balance by Story
Photographed 5 1 3 6 4 2
Positive 3 1 6 5 2 4
Negative (reinforced stereotypes) 2 6 1 5 4 3
11. Stories with a Direct Bearing on Women

Reference to Gender Equality 2 4 3 5 1 6
Positive Attributes Women Central 5 1.5 6 4 3 1.5
(details) Highlighted Equality 3 1 5 4 2 6
Challenged Stereotypes 6 1 5 4 3 2
85
Newspaper
S/N Issues Analyzed Bukedde Daily Monitor Kamunye New Vision Red Pepper The Observer
Full 5 4 3 1 2 6
Positive
Half 1 3 4 6 2 5
17. Largest page space allocated
Full 2.5 5 1 5 2.5 5
Negative
Half 2.5 5.5 4 2.5 5.5 1
Positive 4 5 3 2 1 6
21. Story placement
Negative 2 1 6 4.5 4.5 3
Overall 2 4 3 6 1 5
Gender balance in By Females 4 6 3 2 5 1
coverage of news By Males 1 2 4 3 6 5
subjects
Balance in quoting By Females 2 4 6 3 1 5
22. Reporters
female / male By Males 1 3 2 5 4 6
sources
Reporting on Female 4 5.5 5.5 2 1 3
Positive attributes
Females Male 3 5 2 6 1 4
Stories with a Direct Negative connotations Female 3 5 5 1 5 2
Bearing on Women Male 3 5 2 6 1 4
TOTALSCORE 107 118 126 137 106 140
Position 5 4 3 2 6 1
Key: Each category was valued at 6 as the highest score.

Position: Indicates the overall performance of each newspaper.
86
B: RADIO
Table 48: Issues Analyzed by Radio Station
Radio Station
S/N Issue Analyzed
Bukedde Radio Capital CBS Simba TOP
1. Highest Number of Female Moderators - - - - -
2. Highest Number of Female Panelists 6 - - - -
Calling in - - - - -
3. Non-Studio Participants (Females)
Sending SMS - 6 - - -
Duration of Discussion 6 - - - -
5. Studio Respondents (Females)
Interjections N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Total 12 6 0 0 0
C: TELEVISION
Table 49: Issues Analyzed by Television Station
87
Television Station
S/N Issue Analyzed
Bukedde TV NBS
1. Highest Number of Female Moderators -
2. Highest Number of Female each Show Guests - 3.5
3. Family Role attached 2.5 -
Audio - 3.5
4. Longest Space attached (Female, Studio)
Video - 3.5
Calling in - -
Sending SMS - -
6. Non-Studio Voices (Females) Sound bytes / Vox pops - 6
Duration of Discussion - 6
Interjections (Studio) N/A N/A
Reference - 6
Women Central - -
Talk Show Topic having a direct bearing on
11. Highlighted Equality 2.5 3.5
Women
Challenged Stereotypes - -
Reinforced Stereotypes 3 -
Total 8 32
2. INDIVIDUAL SUBMISSIONS
1. Best News Story - No Entrant

2. Best Feature Story - One Entrant
Okot John
Table 50: Print (Newspaper) Feature Story By Entrants Performance

S/N Issues Analyzed Score
1. Gender Balance in News Subjects 1
2. Occupation of News Subjects Challenged Stereotypes 0
3. Space allocated Gender Balanced -
4. Gender Balanced Attachment to Family Role 1
5. Gender Balance News Sources 1
6. Gender Balance in Subjects Photographed -
7. Topic Challenged Stereotypes about Female and Male 1
Reporters
8. Referred to Gender Equality Legislation / Policy 0
9. Was Women Central 0
10. Highlighted Gender Equality issues 0
11. Challenged Gender Stereotypes 1
12. Reinforced Gender Stereotypes 0
13. Supported Facts with Statistics 1
14. Analyzed Related issues 1
88
Total 7
Position 1
3. Best Specialized Report - No Entrant

4. Best Photograph - No Entrant
5. Best Cartoon - No Entrant
89
B: RADIO
1. Best Radio News Story (One Entrant)

Kibuuka Diana
Table 51: Radio News Stories By Entrants Performance

S/N Issues Analyzed Score
1. Gender Balance in News Subjects 1
2. Occupation of News Subjects Challenged Gender Stereotypes 1
3. Gender Balance in News Sources 1
4. Attachment to Family Role Gender Balanced 1
5. Space allocated Gender Balanced 1
6. Topic Challenged Gender Stereotypes about Female + Male -
7. Referred to Gender Equality Legislation / Policy -
8. Was Women Central -
9. Highlighted issues of Equality between Women and Men -
10. Challenged Gender Stereotypes -
11. Reinforced Gender Stereotypes 0
12. Supported Facts with Statistics 1
13. Analyzed related issues -
Total 6
Position 1
90
2. Best Radio Feature Story (Seven Entries)
Table 52: Feature Stories By Entrants Performance

S/N Issues Analyzed Names of Participants
Abiria May Achan Jumbe Kayonga Lematia Luyiga Mawerere
Grace Irene Benjamin Christopher Henry Flavia Sarah
1. Gender Balance in News Subjects 2 6.5 3 6.5 1 4.5 4.5
2. Occupation Challenged Gender Stereotypes 2.5 6 6 2.5 6 1 4
3. Gender Balance in News Sources 3 2 7 5 6 1 4
4. Family Role Gender Balanced 2 1 5.5 3 5.5 5.5 5.5
5. Space Gender Balanced 1 7 4.5 4.5 6 2 3
6. Topic Challenged Stereotypes - 6 6 6 - - -
7. Reference to Gender Equality Legislation / Policy 5 - 5 5 5 - 5
8. Women Central 5 - 5 5 5 - 5
9. Highlighted Gender Equality 6 - 6 - 6 - -
10. Challenged Gender Stereotypes 5.5 5.5 - - 5.5 - 5.5
11. Reinforced Gender Stereotypes 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
12. Supported Facts with Statistics - - 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 -
13. Analyzed related issues 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 -
Total 40.5 42.5 62 51.5 60 28 40.5
Position 5 4 1 3 2 7 5
91
3. Best Radio Documentary (Three Entries)
Table 53: Radio Documentary Stories By Entrants Performance

Names of Participants
S/N Issues Analyzed
Ddamulira Gerald Kibuuka Diana Mawerere Sarah
1. Gender Balance in Female News Subjects - 3 2
2. Occupation of News Subjects Challenged Gender Stereotypes - - -
3. Gender Balance in News Sources - 2.5 2.5
4. Family Role Gender Balanced - 2 3
5. Space Gender Balanced - 2 3
6. Topic Challenged Stereotypes 2.5 2.5 -
7. Reference to Gender Equality Legislation / Policy - - 3
8. Women Central 2 2 2
9. Highlighted Gender Equality - - -
10. Challenged Gender Stereotypes - 2.5 2.5
11. Reinforced Gender Stereotypes 2.5 2.5 -
12. Supported Facts with Statistics 2.5 2.5 -
13. Analyzed related issues - 2.5 2.5
Total 9.5 24 20.5
Position 3 1 2
92
C: TELEVISION
1. Best News Story (Four Entries)
Table 54: Television News Stories by Entrants Performance

Issues Analyzed Names of Participants
S/N
Birungi Justine Muwanga Ronald Nabunya Justine Raziah Athman
1. Gender Balance in News Subjects - - 3 4
2. Occupation of News Subjects Challenged Gender Stereotypes - - 3.5 3.5
3. Gender Balance in News Sources 2 1 4 3
4. Family Role Gender Balanced 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
Audio - - - 4
5. Space Gender Balanced
Video - - 3 4
7. Topic Challenged Stereotypes 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
8. Reference to Gender Equality Legislation / Policy - - - 4
9. Women Central - - - 4
10. Highlighted Gender Equality - - - 4
11. Challenged Gender Stereotypes - - - 4
12. Reinforced Gender Stereotypes 3.5 - - 3.5
13. Supported Facts with Statistics - - - 4
14. Analyzed Related issues - - - 4
Total 10.5 6 18.5 51
Position 3 4 2 1
93
2. Best Feature Story (Three Entries)
Table 55: Television Feature Stories By Entrants Performance

S/N
Birungi Justine Keneth Kavulu Nabunya Justine
1. Gender Balance in News Subjects - - 3
2. Occupation of News Subjects Challenged Gender Stereotypes - - -
3. Gender Balance in News Sources 1 2 3
4. Family Role Gender Balanced 2 2 2
Audio - - 3
Video - - 3
7. Topic Challenged Stereotypes - 3 -
8. Reference to Gender Equality Legislation / Policy - - -
9. Women Central - 3 -
10. Highlighted Gender Equality - - -
11. Challenged Gender Stereotypes - - -
12. Reinforced Gender Stereotypes 3 - -
13. Supported Facts with Statistics - - 3
14. Analyzed Related issues - 2.5 2.5
Total 6 12.5 16.5
Position 3 2 1
94
3. Best Documentary (Five Entries)
Table 56: Television Documentary Stories By Entrants Performance

S/N Birungi Mukasa Nawonga Olweny Serwanja
Justine Abdalla Tiff Suzan Richard Solomon
1. Gender Balance in News Subjects 2 4.5 4.5 1 3
2. Occupation of News Subjects Challenged Gender Stereotypes - - 5 - -
3. Gender Balance in News Sources 1 4 5 2 3
4. Family Role Gender Balanced 4 2 1 5 3
Audio 1 2 3.5 5 3.5
Video 1 5 2 4 3
7. Topic Challenged Stereotypes - 4.5 - 4.5 -
8. Reference to Gender Equality Legislation / Policy - - - 5 -
9. Women Central - - 5 - -
10. Highlighted Gender Equality - - - - -
11. Challenged Gender Stereotypes 4.5 - - - 4.5
12. Reinforced Gender Stereotypes - 4 4 - 4
13. Supported Facts with Statistics - - 5 - 4
14. Analyzed related issues - 4 4 2 4
Total 13.5 30 39 28.5 32
Position 5 3 1 4 2
Best Photograph
1. Television (One Entry)

Tamale Willy
2. Website (One Entry)

Nteza Michael
95
ANNEX 1: LIST OF ENTRIES
No. Name Gender Media Organization Telephone Contact Email Address
1. Abdalla Tiff Mukasa M Record TV Network 0700 776 972 tiffanns20@gmail.com
2. Annet Nakato F Mama FM 0704 639 593 a.nakato@yahoo.com
3. Benjamin Jumbe M KFM and Dembe FM Radios, Kampala 0752 448 662 benaia202@yahoo.com
4. Brenda Chipo F Mama FM 0782 598 212 b2chipo@gmail.com
0702 084 459
5. Catherine Ageno F KFM (Monitor Publications Ltd) 0782 859 538 cageno@ug.nationmedia.com
cdageno@gmail.com
6. Christopher Kayonga M Wizards Media 0790 912 333 chris@wizartsmedia.com
7. Diana Kibuuka F CBS FM Emmanduso 89.2 FM 0712 752 349 dianek652@gmail.com
0703 365 797
8. Flavia Luyiga F Salt Media 0705 626 561 flaviamwanje@gmail.com
9. Gerald Ddamulira M Central Broadcasting Services (CBS) 89.2 FM 0754 169 645 damuliragerald@gmail.com
Emmanduso 0771 814 614
10. Henry Lematia M Arua Diocese Media Centre Radio Pacis 0773 666 022 henrylematia@gmail.com
11. Irene Achan F Radio Wa FM 89.8 FM 0754 934 766 irene@yahoo.com
12. John Okot M The Observer Uganda 0787 361 352 ojkenplus@gmail.com
13. Judith Atim F KFM 0781 784 889 judatim@gmail.com
14. Justine Birungi F Salt TV 0787 665 485 tinamaalwa@gmail.com
0755 317 293
15. Justine Nabunya F Record Television Network Uganda njustine087@gmail.com
16. Keneth Kavulu M BBS Terefayina 0752 242 477 kavulukeneth25@gmail.com
17. May Grace Abiria F Arua Diocese Media Center Radio Pacis 0777 627 484 abiriamaygrace@gmail.com
18. Michael Nteza M Chimpreports.com 0700 607 126 ntezamichael@gmail.com
19. Raziah Athman F Urban Television Vision Group 0774 806 482 pulsatepr@gmail.com
20. Richard Olwenyi M NBS Television 0751 399 999 richardolwenyi@gmail.com
21. Robinah Nanfuka F Mama FM 0772 395 667 rhobinananfuka@gmail.com
22. Ronald Muwanga M NTV Uganda 0775 129 089 mronaldh@yahoo.com
0752 739 117
23. Sarah Mawerere F UBC Radio 0772 660 960 smukyala@gmail.com
24. Solomon Serwanja M NBS Television 0774 380 945 soloforgod1@gmail.com
25. Suzan Nawonga F UBC TV 0706 231 632 nawongasuzan@gmail.com
26. Willy Tamale M BBS Terefayina 0772 302 477 tamalewilliam@gmail.com
0752 302 477
96
1 1 Page number
2 2 Topic
3 3 Scope
Story
4 4 Space
5 5 Ref to Equality/Rights legislation / policy?
6 Sex
/
6
Reporters
Journalists
7 Source7 Person /Secondary Source
8 8 Sex
9 9 Age - only if stated
10 10 Occupation/position
11 11 Function in story
12 12 Family role given?
13 13 Identified as victim or survivor?

People
14 14 Victim of
15 15 Survivor of
16 16 Perpetrator of
17 17 Directly quoted?
18 18 On what?
19 19 Photographed?
ANNEX 2: CODING SHEETS
20 20 Story about women?

ANNEX 2 a: NEWSPAPER CODING SHEET
21 21 Highlights Equality
22 22 Highlights Inequality
Analysis
23 23 Challenges Gender stereotypes
24 24 Reinforces Gender stereotypes
25 25 Warrants Further analysis

Newspaper
Official use only
(See Guidelines)
Basic information
Comments & Explanations

_____________________________
97
Gender Media Awards 2016 / 2017 Page ____ of _ ___
98
1 Item number
2 Topic
Program
3 Scope
4 Relevant policies / Equality / Rights Legislation / Policy?
5 Sex
Moderators
6 Sex
7 Occupation/position
8 Function in Program
9 Family relationship
People
10 Identified as victim or survivor?
11 Victim of
12 Survivor of
13 Perpetrator of
14 Topic / discussion about Women
15 Highlights Equality
ANNEX 2 b: RADIO CODING SHEET
16 Highlights Inequality
Analysis
17 Challenges Gender Stereotypes
18 Reinforces Gender Stereotypes
19 Warrants Further analysis

Station ___________
Official use only
(See Guidelines)
Number of male presenters in program
Number of female presenters in program
Basic information
99
____________
____________
Program end time ___________
Program start time ________
16
18
10
11
12
13
14
15
17
19
1
9
100
RADIO CONTINUED
TIME
21. Time taken while speaking: Women Men
22. Number of times spoken: Women Men
23. Official time allocated for each studio participant to speak:

Language (Evidence of): Yes = 1 No = 2
24. Derogatory / demeaning / indignifying:

25. Inclusive / Constructive / Neutral / Empowering:
26. Domesticating References to child birth, motherhood, child rearing, domestic chores in relation to:
Women
Men
27. How many times in relation to:
Women
Men
28. Femininity (weak, emotional, meek, fair sex, etc):
29. How many times?
30. Masculinity (strong, wise, outgoing, etc):
31. How many times?
32. Statistics (gender segregated data used / given):
SPEECH interjections (Number of times):
33. A woman by a woman a man
34. A man by a woman a man

35. By the moderator of a woman a man
For each topical areas Woman = 1 Man = 2
36. Who speaks first:

37. Speaks last:

38. Gives concluding remarks first:
101
39. Gives concluding remarks last:
40. Time taken to conclude by: Men Women
NON-STUDIO DISCUSSANTS
41. Who calls in most (Number of): Women Men
42. Who sends in messages most (Number of): Women Men

43. Whose sound bytes / vox pops are given most (Number of): Women Men
44. Duration of sound bytes / vox pops for:

Men Women
MODERATOR
Number of times microphones are switched off after official allocated time for:
45. Women
46. Men
Number of times questions asked are of a private or public nature / domain
47. Public: Women Men
48. Private: Women Men
102
1 Item number
2 Topic
Program
3 Scope
4 Relevant policies / Equality / Rights Legislation / Policy?
5 Sex
6 Age
Moderators
7 Sex
8 Age
9 Occupation/position
10 Function in Program
11 Family relationship
People
12 Identified as victim or survivor?
13 Victim of
14 Survivor of
15 Perpetrator of
16 Topic / discussion about Women

ANNEX 2 c: TELEVISION CODING SHEET
17 Highlights Equality
18 Highlights Inequality
Analysis
19 Challenges Gender Stereotypes
20 Reinforces Gender Stereotypes
21 Warrants Further analysis

Station _________
Official use only
(See Guidelines)
Number of male presenters in program
Basic information
Number of female presenters in program
103
Program end time _________
Program start time _________
_________
_________
18
20
10
12
13
14
15
16
17
19
21
11
1
9
104
TELEVISION CONTINUED
TIME
21. Time taken while speaking: Women Men
22. Number of times spoken: Women Men
23. Official time allocated for each studio participant to speak:

Visuals (Camera Focus)

- Number of times while:
24. Speaking: Women Men
25. Not speaking: Women Men
On whom (man or woman) is the camera focused when (number of times)
26. Woman is speaking but camera not focused on her: Woman Man
27. Man is speaking but camera not focused on him: Woman Man
Amount of time while:
28. Speaking: Women Men
29. Not speaking: Women Men
Emphasis on physical attributes / beauty

30. Evidence of indignifying / degrading / undressing / sexual objectification, sexualization, etc, i.e.
Look out for such traits as:
Body parts shown e.g..hair / breasts / bust / thighs / legs / shoes, etc.
Body pose
Facial expression
Activity involved in
Camera angle, and
31. Clothing / dressing. How many times? Women Men
32. How long? Women Men

Language (Evidence of): Yes = No =
1 2

33. Derogatory / demeaning / indignifying:
34. Inclusive / Constructive / Neutral / Empowering:

35. Domesticating References to child birth, motherhood, child rearing, domestic chores in relation to:
Women
Men
36. How many times in relation to:
Women
Men
105
37. Femininity (weak, emotional, meek, fair sex, etc):
38. How many times?
39. Masculinity (strong, wise, outgoing, etc):
40. How many times?
41. Statistics (gender segregated data used / given):
SPEECH interjections (Number of times):
42. A woman by a woman a man
43. A man by a woman a man

44. By the moderator of a woman a man
For each topical areas Woman Man
45. Who speaks first: 1 2
46. Speaks last:

47. Gives concluding remarks first:

48. Gives concluding remarks last:
49. Time taken to conclude by: Men Women
NON-STUDIO DISCUSSANTS

50. Who calls in most (Number of): Women Men

51. Who sends in messages most (Number of): Women Men

52. Whose sound bytes / vox pops are given most (Number of): Women Men

53. Duration of sound bytes / vox pops for: Men Women
MODERATOR
Number of times microphones are switched off after official allocated time for:
54. Women
55. Men
Number of times (Public or Private Questions)
56. Public: Women Men
57. Private: Women Men
106

Report of The Annual Gender Media Awards - Uganda (2016-2017)

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Report of The Annual Gender Media Awards - Uganda (2016-2017)

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UGANDA MEDIA WOMENS

ANNUAL GENDER MEDIA AWARDS UGANDA

PART 2: INDIVIDUAL SUBMISSIONS 49

1. Television: Best Video 75

2. Website: Best Photograph 75

THE GENDER SENSITIVE MEDIA SCORE CARD 81

SCORE CARD PER ISSUE ANALYZED 82

Annex 1: List of Entries 92

Annex 2: Coding Sheets (Radio, Newspaper, Television) 93

Table Title Page

The struggle continues!

Published and Unpublished Studies / Guides:

UMWA offers support in:-

GENDER AND MEDIA

So What is the Problem? Some Facts and Figures

AGMA-U : THE RATIONALE

1. JOURNALISM / MEDIA AWARDS IN UGANDA

Uganda Sports and Press Association, USPA

The Uganda Journalism Awards

The Human Rights Awards

The Uganda Wash Media Awards

Awarding Excellence and Coverage in Election Reporting

2. THE GENDER MEDIA AWARDS UGANDA

GENDER MEDIA AWARDS THE OBJECTIVE

EXPECTED OUTCOMES / RESULTS

GENDER MEDIA AWARDS - THE PROCESS

The AGMA (2017) has undergone various stages:-

b) Constitution of a Gender Media Monitoring Team

c) Constitution of the Gender Media Judges Committee (GMJC)

d) Judgment Process and the Results:

2. a) Selection of Media for Analysis

b) Selection of Individual Participants

Note: All the selected programs run on Saturdays.

DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS

WHAT WAS ANALYZED

a) THE STORY / PROGRAM

This type of story may:

Have a central focus on a woman / women:

Refer to gender equality / rights legislation or policy:

Highlight issues of equality between women and men:

Challenges or reinforces gender stereotypes:

Included related (and gender segregated) statistics:

Analyze related issues (only radio and television).

Their visibility in terms of the space they occupy in the story:-

(ii) The Journalists / Reporters / Panelists:

2. Because of funding gaps, the exercise:

PART 1: MEDIA HOUSES

Table 1: Number of News Stories and Editorials By Newspaper

VISIBILITY OF WOMEN AND MEN IN NEWS STORIES

Table 2: Sex of News Subjects By Newspaper

TOPICAL AREA AND OCCUPATION

Key: Topical Areas

1. Politics and Government 5. Legal

2. Occupation of News Subjects

a) Female and Male Representation in Public Occupations

b) Female Representation in the Private (Domestic) Sphere

IDENTITY AND FAMILY STATUS

Table 7: News Sources Directly Quoted By Sex By Newspaper

Table 8: Sex of Quoted by Topic, By Newspaper

a) Topical areas where females are usually quoted least

b) Topical areas where females have traditionally been quoted most

Table 9: News Subjects Featured In Photographs By Newspaper

GENDER BALANCE IN REPRESENTATION BY STORY