Six Sigma

-NIKITA MAKHIJA
ROLL NO. -1409
 Contents:-

Meaning of Six Sigma

History of Six Sigma
Essential Characteristics of Six sigma
Methodology of Six Sigma
Benefits of implementing Six Sigma
List of Six Sigma companies
Conclusion
Meaning of Six Sigma:-

Primarily six sigma means maintenance of desired quality in processes and end
products
A set of management techniques intended to improve business processes by
greatly reducing the probability that an error or defect will occur.
Six Sigma at many organizations simply means a measure of quality that strives
for near perfection
Six sigma strives 99.99966% of the products manufactured are defect free
Six sigma is a smarter way to manage a business or a department
Six Sigma is a disciplined, data-driven approach and methodology for
eliminating defects
History of Six Sigma:-

In the early and mid-1980s with Chairman Bob Galvin at the helm,
Motorola engineers decided that the traditional quality levels measuring
defects in thousands of opportunities didnt provide enough granularity.
Instead, they wanted to measure the defects per million opportunities.
Motorola developed this new standard and created the methodology
and needed cultural change associated with it.
Six Sigma helped Motorola realize powerful bottom-line results in their
organization in fact, they documented more than $16 Billion in savings as
a result of our Six Sigma efforts.
 Essential Characteristics of Six sigma:-

I. A "Can Do" Attitude

II. Change Leadership Skills
III. Effective Communicator
IV. Understanding of the Business
V. Project & Stakeholder Management
VI. Team Player and Leader
VII. Result Oriented
VIII. Customer Advocacy
IX. Fun
Methodology of Six Sigma:-

Methods of Six
Sigma

DMAIC DMADV
DMAIC:-

DMAIC project methodology has five phases:-

Define the system, the voice of the customer and their requirements, and the
project goals, specifically.
Measure key aspects of the current process and collect relevant data; calculate
the 'as-is' Process Capability.
Analyze the data to investigate and verify cause-and-effect relationships.
Determine what the relationships are, and attempt to ensure that all factors have
been considered. Seek out root cause of the defect under investigation.
Improve or optimize the current process based upon data analysis using
techniques such as design of experiments or mistake proofing. Set up pilot runs to
establish process capability.
Control the future state process to ensure that any deviations from the target are
corrected before they result in defects. This process is repeated until the desired
quality level is obtained.
DMADV:-

DMADV project methodology, known as DFSS ("Design For Six Sigma"),features five
phases:
Define design goals that are consistent with customer demands and the
enterprise strategy.
Measure and identify CTQs (characteristics that are Critical To Quality),
measure product capabilities, production process capability, and measure
risks.
Analyze to develop and design alternatives
Design an improved alternative, best suited per analysis in the previous step
Verify the design, set up pilot runs, implement the production process and
hand it over to the process owner(s)
Benefits of implementing Six Sigma:-

I. Improvement in Customer Satisfaction, Employee Motivation & Satisfaction, Market Share and Business Results

Help Your Organization Eliminate Errors

II. Hearts and minds of all employees engaged

III. Low value-adding activities removed

IV. Improve Business Processes and Sustain Quality Improvement

V. Helps Nurture Managerial And Leadership Ability

VI. Day-to-day operations simplified

VII. Focuses on end results and the means to get there

VIII. Easy to understand and implement - in whole or in part

IX. Means to convert Vision into Reality

 List of Six Sigma companies:-

The following companies claim to have successfully implemented Six Sigma in

some form or another:-
Motorola
Wipro
Amazon.com
Mumbai Dabbawalas
Dell
Ford Motors Company
Kodak
Caterpillar Inc.
Convergys
Conclusion:-

To understand the meaning of six sigma and its methodologies

To know the history of six sigma
Knowing the benefits of six sigma implantation
To know the achievers of six sigma