This code refers to the 5-volt reference signal to/from multiple engine drivability sensors

CAN is the abbreviation for controller area network. The CAN represents a communication bus
that allows multiple microcontrollers to communicate with one another without the need for a
host computer

It is a message based protocol originally designed for automotive use

The CAN bus network is actually a complex conglomeration of wiring harnesses and connectors
used as a pipeline of information shared between two or more automotive control modules

These controllers control virtually every electrical function of the vehicle, with the PCM being the
primary controller

Control modules receive input data from various sensors and emit output signals to system
components and other control modules

For example: The PCM receives an input signal from the vehicle speed sensor

This signal is systematically forwarded to affected control modules that utilize the data to
accomplish various other tasks

The cruise control module uses the data for speed control purposes, the traction control system
uses the data to regulate vehicle traction control strategy, and the anti lock brake controller
compares vehicle speed from the PCM with data inputs from individual wheel speed sensors to
operate the anti lock braking system. Internal control module failures are usually detected by the
module in question but the CAN bus is also relevant because other control modules will likely
detect the malfunction, as well

Individual control module failure is rare but possible

Follow the manufacturers recommended testing method for diagnosing the individual control
modules and replace them as required

Replacement of virtually all of these control modules will require reprogramming

There are several tools which will be instrumental in attempting to successfully diagnose the
conditions which contribute to this code being stored

A suitable OBD-II scanner (or code reader) and a digital volt/ohmmeter will be most helpful in
trying to perform a successful diagnosis

Gaining access to access a manufacturers wiring schematic will also prove to be necessary to
successfully diagnosing this code. Perform a careful visual inspection of all PCM wiring and
connectors
Repair or replace damaged, disconnected, shorted, or corroded wiring, connectors, and
components as necessary

Always retest the system after repairs are completed to ensure success. If all system wiring,
connectors, and components (Including fuses) appear to be in normal working order, connect the
scanner (or code reader) to the diagnostic connector and record all stored codes and freeze frame
data

This information can be extremely helpful in diagnosing intermittent conditions that may have
contributed to this code being stored

Continue by clearing the code and operating the vehicle to see if it returns

This will help to determine whether or not the malfunction is intermittent. After the codes are
cleared, test drive the vehicle to see if the code returns

If the code fails to immediately return, you may have an intermittent condition

Intermittent conditions can prove to be quite a challenge to diagnose and in extreme cases may
have to be allowed to worsen before a correct diagnosis can even be attempted

Unlike other diagnostic codes, this type of code can sometimes be best left to a professional
simply because of the bulk of circuitry involved

An experienced technician with a specialized scanner (Autohex or Tech II) may be able to
determine the general area of the malfunction much more rapidly and easily than someone using
a code reader and a digital volt ohmmeter

Disconnecting and testing every single pin of the CAN bus could prove to be extremely time and
cost prohibitive

Additionally, some type of memory saving device must be installed, lest the PCM and other
controllers lose their memory and require reprogramming

A specialized diagnostic CAN scanner will show pin values and control module operation without
risking a meltdown

It can accurately diagnose computer and circuitry problems by monitoring vehicle operation while
the vehicle is being operated

To diagnose this type of code using a digital volt ohmmeter would entail probing thousands of
circuits, independently

One misplaced probe could destroy expensive control modules and require that the vehicle be
totally reprogrammed. At the most, you may attempt to perform a continuity test after all control
modules are disconnected, and this could literally require 40-hours or more, depending upon the
vehicle
Some applications are equipped with up to 18 separate control modules. If you choose to tackle
this monumental task, begin with a careful visual inspection of all system circuitry, connectors, and
fuses

Control module ground circuits should be tested for continuity with battery ground

These types of codes are frequently caused by defective or disconnected system grounds

An auxiliary ground cable can be helpful in diagnosing system ground discrepancies

Engine and transmission ground cables, straps, and wires are sometimes left dangling after repairs
are performed

Look for loose or corroded electrical connectors that may increase circuit resistance and cause
these types of codes to be stored. Obtain a CAN bus system wiring diagram and/or pin out value
chart, then use the digital volt ohmmeter to test continuity between individual controller
connectors

Compare your findings with the manufacturers referenced values and repair open or shorted
circuits as required

It is often much more frugal to replace defective wiring rather than attempting to remove it from
the complex web of wiring harnesses