CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

A mass number of students these days spend less time in

studying. A recent study conducted by American Enterprise Institute

shows that students today study about 10 hours less on average than

college students in the 1960s. Different factors are to be considered

regarding the decrease in the amount of time in studying of students.

Some factors include procrastination, non-academic after-school

activities, setting priorities, and appalling habits that might affect the

academic performance of students.

A survey conducted by the Higher Education Research Institute at

UCLAs Graduate School of Education And Information Studies found

that only 34% of todays students are spending more than six hours per

week doing academic-related works (e.g., doing homework, self-studying,

and working on projects) outside their classes. (Higher Education

Research Institute, 2003). The time spent by students after school hours

could largely affect their development. Through after-school activities,

students may improve their social competence and academic

performance, and establish good relationship with family members.

However, considering all these after-school activities and hobbies,

children tend to forget their responsibilities as a student. Some students

prefer to play video games and spend time with their peers instead of

studying and doing school-related works. There are also students who

prioritize their extracurricular activities more which influence on how

they perform academically.

Students should know the significance of prioritizing to avoid

cramming and to simply finish tasks on time. Prioritizing is determining

the order in which works are to be done. It is the ability to see what tasks

are more important at each moment and give those tasks more attention,

energy, and time. It is focusing on what is important at the expense of

lower value activities. Time is not the only thing to consider because one

must also consider the importance of the task, the involved effort, and

many other factors. (Milone, 2017). Learning to prioritize takes practice.

A person must learn his own strategy or technique to properly prioritize

things. For the most part, academic-related works should be on top of a

students priority list because the main reason a person goes to school is

to develop his abilities, and to learn. In prioritizing, determining the

weight of the task is an essential part in order to decide what to do first.

Knowing what to accomplish on top of everything without taking up too

much time is a product of proper time management.

A nationwide survey commissioned by FileMaker, Inc. found that

students are having problems with workload and organizational skills

that affect their grades. The survey, conducted by Greenfield Online,

found that 54% of the students felt they would get better grades if they

"got organized and stayed organized." (Noria Corporation, n.d.). High

school students have a hard time organizing their work schedule. They

tend to do everything at once, without setting their priorities straight.

Once their teachers give their homeworks, projects, and other school-

related works ahead of time, some students procrastinate and wait until

the last minute to start doing their tasks. Procrastination, to put off

doing something, especially out of habitual laziness, is a result of a

cultivated habit, and it impacts everyone. A lot of students tend to

procrastinate at high school and college. According to the American

Psychological Association (2014), between 80% to 95% of students

procrastinate on their schoolwork. Studying is the last thing students

would think to do. Having all kinds of entertainment and distractions,

such as social networking, video games, and even peer pressure, would

really not make the students get into study. It is the students
responsibility to control his passion that makes the student progress and

complete his task.

In the Philippines, the term Maana Habit is prevalent since it is

the action of delaying or postponing something, a term similar to

procrastination. Procrastination can lead to poor time management, and

if the students never eradicate this kind of habit, it will affect their work

performance and it may cause stress. According to Brian Farran (2004),

academic procrastination has an inversely significant relationship to the

self-efficacy, and general self-esteem. The study shows that the students

who have academic procrastination have reported with higher depression

and anxiety, and negative beliefs in their self-worth.

Saint Louis College of the San Fernando City, La Union actively

promotes proper discipline among students; therefore proper time

management is highly encouraged. The number of lates and absences is

one factor in determining the discipline of its students and consequences

shall be rendered to those who will commit offenses. One core value of

the institution is Excellence in which proper time management belongs.

Students of Saint Louis College are excellent in terms of their discipline,

achievements, and eminence, among others. Therefore, the students

must upheld the institutions name with integrity and honor.

 Time management is an integral factor in improving a students

performance. Time management refers to managing time effectively so

that the right time is allocated to the right activity. Effective time

management allows individuals to assign specific time slots to activities

as per their importance. Time management refers to making the best use

of time as time is always limited. (MSG Experts, n.d.). Time

management also helps in completing tasks in a timely-fashion, and

learning to stick to a schedule. It helps students to have an appropriate

sense of urgency in accomplishing school-related activities. Generally,

proper time management will increase productivity both in learning and

other activities.

Time management plays a vital role in improving students

academic performance and achievements and it helps make decisions

about the changes we would like to make use of our time more

effectively (Noftle, Robins & Richard, 2007). We can consider students

time management as one of the aspects that can move a student to be a

good student. However, some of the students do not have good time

management skills and it has negatively affected their life and their

academics. Each student should have time management ability which

includes setting goals and priorities, using time management

mechanism, and being organized in using time. The students who are
more involved and have high desires to achieve, resulting in a higher

level of performance are usually the students who perceive themselves as

having good time management skills. Time management is only possible

through self-motivation; performance, ability and motivation (Brigitte,

Claessens, Eerde, & Rutte, 2005).

The concept of time management is generally defined in terms of

clusters of behavior that are deemed to facilitate productively and

alleviate stress (lay and Schouwenburg, 1993). Effective time

management strategies increase academic performance (Campbell and

Stevenson, 1992) and are frequently suggested by academic assistance

personnel as aids to enhance achievement for college students.

Productive study methods are characterized by Time management and

Strategic studying (Entwistle and Ramsden, 1983). Time management

was conceptualize in terms of setting goals and priorities in the use of

mathematics and perceived control of time. Time is the most valuable

resource a student has. It is also the most wasted resources. Successful

students set priorities for themselves based on their goals in life; they

plan, work and play around these priorities. Time management is one of

those skills that may help in any career beyond university.

This study aims to determine the level of effectiveness of time

management on the academic performance of selected Accounting,

Business, and Management (ABM) students of Saint Louis College in

Carlatan, City of San Fernando, La Union during the school year 2017-

2018.

The researchers conducted this study to encourage students to

practice proper time management in both academic-related and leisure

activities to reduce stress and avoid cramming. This is to utilize the time

of students in order to accomplish all the tasks needed to be done within

a specific timespan. This generations children are the future; thus,

proper utilization of time is important to secure the fate of our world.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine the level of effectiveness of time

management on the academic performance of selected Accounting,

Business, and Management (ABM) students of Saint Louis College in

Carlatan, City of San Fernando, La Union during the school year 2017-

2018.

Specifically, it seeks to answer the following questions:

1. How do the students manage their time in terms of:

a. Household chores;

b. Academic works; and

 c. Leisure activities?

2. What is the level of performance of the students in terms of:

a. Academic grade;

b. Extra-curricular performance; and

c. Parents satisfaction?

3. How does proper time management affect the academic

performance of student?

4. Based on the findings, what time management plan can be

formulated to increase productivity in learning?

References:

http://managementstudyguide.com/time-management.htm

https://www.childtrends.org/indicators/after-school-activities/

http://learningworksforkids.com/2013/11/why-time-management-is-

important-to-your-childs-success-at-school/

http://www.collegexpress.com/articles-and-advice/majors-and-

academics/articles/study-smarter/prioritizing-your-college-

assignments/
http://www.reliableplant.com/Read/3429/college-students-struggle-

with-organizational-skills

http://www.asee.org/documents/zones/zone1/2014/Student/PDFs/17

7.pdf

http://thebluebanner.net/study-finds-up-to-95-percent-of-college-

students-procrastinate/

https://www.scholarships.com/news/report-shows-students-spending-

less-time-studying-more-on-leisure

http://learningworksforkids.com/2013/11/why-time-management-is-

important-to-your-childs-success-at-school/