Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Research Proposal
By:
Aribiyansyah
1388203156
2017
APPROVAL SHEET
Name : Aribiyansyah
Tangerang
This is Mini Thesis has already been approved by the advisors to follow the
Seminar Proposal.
Advisors I,
NBM: 1146118
Advisors II,
NBM: 1211189
Abdurrosyid,SS,.M.EIL
NBM : 1146110
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
name of Allah SWT, the most Beneficent and the most Merciful. Praises to be
Allah SWT, the Almighty and Lord of world, so that the researcher can finish
thesis as a partial fulfillment of the requirement for the graduate degree. Peace
and blessing be upon to our prophet and messenger, Muhammad SAW, his
families, his companion and his followers. In addition, this thesis would not
be finished without support and others helps. In this chance she would like to
2. Mr. Dr. Enawar, S.Pd, MM the Dean of Teachers Training and Education
Faculty
4. Mrs. Euis Yanah Mulyanah, M.Pd as first advisor and Mr. M. Iqbal
5. All lecturers of English Education study program, who taught and educate
Tangerang.
6. My beloved family, my father (M. Ali Samsuar), my mother
Adha) who always gives inspiration and motivation to continue this study.
7. For amazing friends Arif Gusti Prasetyo, Moch. Alaika Asadul Husein
Berta Rina, Alma fikhasari, Dede Muchsin, especially for Gerakan Bawah
Chairil Anwar, Danang Setiawan), and all of member SVT (Squad Verza
Tangerang) for prays and support until the researcher can finish this
research.
faculty, who always gives support until researcher finish this research.
10. Last but not least, those who cannot be mentioned one by one, who have
are a lot of mistakes. Hopefully, this proposal thesis can be useful especially for
The Researcher
Aribiyansyah
NPM :13.88.203.156
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER
APPROVAL SHEET i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii
TABLE OF CONTENT v
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. Theoritical Description
1. Vocabulary Mastery 8
a. Definition of Vocabulary 8
b. Kinds of Vocabulary 9
c. Assessing of Vocabulary 13
2. Reading habit 16
a. Definition of Reading 16
b. Kinds of Reading 17
c. Definition of Habit 19
B. Relevant Study 27
C. Conceptual Framework 29
D. Hypothesis 29
B. Research Method 31
E. Research Instrument 36
F. Statistical Hypothesis 51
G. Technique of Data Analysis 51
REFERENCES 59
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of Problem
needed to a greater or lesser degree in every other school subject, and for
much too difficult to learn but if we learn it step by step then the English
language and even then it will slowly become personal consumption to us,
In the Learning of English, there are many things that people have
the teacher and the learner. Beside those four language skills above, there
are four aspects that support them such as; grammar, vocabulary, spelling
and pronunciation that must be taught in English teaching and learning
process.
information that has not previously been obtained. They read the more
compulsion. If students are reading on the basis of need, then he would get
all the information he wants. This skill is more important than speaking
and writing but for some students that reading is very difficult or boring a
lot of factors that make students dislike the skill, such as; because they
often find difficult words, words that are unfamiliar, so make them
confused and did not want to continue reading, they are confused because
it doesn't ever want to accustom himself to read and when it gets difficult
and unfamiliar words they would not seek to know what it means so that it
is the one who's been ingrained so that students lack the vocabulary so
their vocabulary knowledge is a little thing that makes these same skill
influential upon each other. The students have skills in inferential reading
supports the students to be able to comprehend the text. That is the reason
reading there is really an interaction between reader and writer, and said to
it can be applied.
of the most Indonesian students are poor, it caused by some factors. One
of the factors is the students are not interest in reading and they not have
reading habit.
English, what is the benefit and what is use for and the teacher give
motivation to the students to make the students can learn English well. As
the teacher, we must make the situation of the class comfortable for the
media that really to make the students easily to get the knowledge from the
teacher.
hoped not only to transfer knowledge but also increase students interest
reading.
most basic skill of learning English but still many students in finding
awful lot of media to get their new vocabulary including; watch movies
with English sub title, listen to the songs lyrics in English, and also
perhaps the habit of reading any English-language book, provided that the
important because the vocabulary is not just a way of getting to know the
learning English because the students has low motivation and some
students thought that English is not important to learn it because they are
not using in their activity and many factors that give effect by students are.
becomes a habit is not an easy one. It needs long process, some exercise
based on the background the researcher would make the research with the
title The Correlation Between The Eighth Grade Students Reading Habit
2016/2017.
B. Identification of Problem
In this scope this study focuses on using students reading habit has
the study only by reading habit has correlation between the eighth grade
D. Formulation of Problem
E. Objectives of Problem
1. The Theoriticaly
The result of this research hopefully can be used to improve
reading skill and vocabulary mastery the students, especially on
students reading habit in English and vocabulary mastery skill.
2. The practically
The researcher has some significance. There are for students,
teachers, school, for researcher and other researcher.
a. For a researcher
b. For a students
The students reading habit that can increase their ability in
English skill especially in reading and vocabulary mastery.
c. For a teachers
The teachers can understand and know about the students
needed when they learn English especially reading.
d. For a school
School can support what is facilities used in learning
A. Theoretical Description
1. Vocabulary Mastery
a. Definition of Vocabulary
they will have difficulties in understanding what they see, read, and
words that are always used, if we cannot use the word then the
b. Kinds of Vocabulary
that if we only focus on the noun and the verb because the
Example:
typewriter
verb.
Look for, look after, wipe off, throw on: Phrasal Verbs
Idioms
5) Collocations; This one kind of vocabulary that can be
6) Homonyms; homonyms are words that have the same shape but
foreign language.
1) Listening Vocabulary
words.
2) Speaking Vocabulary
listening vocabulary.
3) Reading Vocabulary
speaking vocabulary.
4) Writing Vocabulary
are used.
acquisition.
knowledge.
1) Multiple - choice
compose, but, if the answer are clear and very quick and easy
to mark.
2) Matching
multiple choice; but more that the last option if the learner
has all the other rights become obvious. This problem can be
being sure that all the items are known. But this is at least more
4) Writing sentence
most the others aspects are. This is a bit boring to do, and
5) Dictation
and check.
7) Gap - filling
items that are not in fact the originals, or what you intended.
collocation.
9) Translation
a. Definition of Reading
action of readers.
b. Kinds of Reading
1) Perceptive
2) Selective
3) Interactive
reading ability.
c. Definition of Habit
to change.
automatic.
study habits; the ability to remember and senses the tool's ability to
see, hear.
eagerly.
(2013, p.13) both agree Reading habit is an important tool for the
satisfaction of individuals.
Sangka eo, 1999 and Shen, 2006 on Chettri and Routs
journal (2013, p.13-14) both agree that the habit of reading refers
individual, this reading habit should not only have one circle, but
not only makes one satisfied but also positive. Unlike others
2) Recreational
3) Concentration
4) Deviational
The last purpose of reading habit is deviational. This is the
Victor (1998) both agree they are grouped into six aspects, they
are;
memory.
2) Motivational analysis of reading
not in the word and phrases of the book, but in the cognitive
events that result from the interaction between book and reader.
4) Reading Span
interest for at least three reasons: (1) fiction reading for most of
regarded as additive.
play activity and usually paratelic, that is, pursued for its own
sake (Apter,1979).
questionnaire.
g. Advantage of Reading Habit
and emotion.
are can broaden the knowledge of what he has read, can affect
B. Relevant of Study
at the eighth grade students at Mts Nurul Falah Kutabumi. She find out
Doni Anggoro Ari Santoso (2014) in him research with the tittle
From the previous researches above, they show that there are
For the first, second and third researches in the data collection technique
there were no significant differences, especially for reading habit using the
questionnaire and for reading comprehension the first and second research
using the reading comprehension test, for the third sresearch in data
because the two researches are almost identical in content, but significant
differences are found in the third study where reading habit and
For this research the correlation between the eighth grade students'
mastery using test, the conclusion of this research is not much different
from previous research with sample referring the eighth grade students.
C. Conceptual Framework
habit and vocabulary mastery meaning that the researcher wants to find
habit and their vocabulary mastery or not is assumed that if somebody has
vocabulary mastery.
D. Hypothesis
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The research of the study was held at SMPN 18 Kota Tangerang, it is located
on Komplek Perumahan Poris Indah Blok G Kel. Cipondoh Indah, Kota Tangerang,
Tabel 3.1
Months
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct
1 Title submission
2 Paper proposal
3 Theoretical essay
Seminar paper
4
and Proposal
5 Data collection
6 Data tabulation
7 Writing reports
and Guidance
8 Final paper
B. Research Method
the quantitative method is called the traditional method, because this method
has been used for a long time so it has been traditionally as a method for
philosophy of positivism. The data are collected by giving the questionnaires to the
eight grade of SMPN 18 Kota Tangerang about habit in reading and also vocabulary
test.
After that the researcher analyzed the research by using Pearson Corellation
Product Moment to know the result. It is usually used to correlate two variables based
on its correlation coefficient value. It is useful to describe and find out the
significance of the correlation between those two variables, variable X and Y. The
first variable is the students reading habit score which is taken from questionnaire
test will be given; it is considered as independent variable (variable X). The second
variable is their vocabulary mastery which taken by how many vocabularies that they
know from the test will be given, it is considered as dependent variable (variable Y)
Tabel 3.2
Research Design
X Y
Description:
X: Reading habit
Y: Vocabulary Mastery
1. Population
The population of the research, the researcher takes the whole students at the
eighth grade of SMPN 18 Kota Tangerang in academic years 2016/2017. The samples
were chosen for observations were only in the second grade there are eleven classes of
second year class. The populations of this research are 391 students at the eighth
grade.
Table 3.3
researcher use the table Isaac and Michael to determine the sample size.
Table 3.4
10 10 - 275 163 74
15 14 - 300 172 76
20 19 - 325 180 77
25 24 - 350 187 78
30 28 - 375 194 80
35 32 - 400 201 81
40 36 - 425 207 82
45 40 - 450 212 82
50 44 - 475 218 83
55 48 - 500 222 91
60 52 - 1,000 286 95
65 56 - 2,000 333 97
70 59 - 3,000 353 98
75 63 - 4,000 364 98
80 66 - 5,000 370 99
85 70 - 6,000 375 99
90 73 - 7,000 378 99
95 76 - 8,000 381 99
TANGERANG. This test focused on the vocabulary test. The test was
used is the multiple choice which can measure the students vocabulary
form of multiple choice tests consisting forty (40) items. There were
four options in each item (A, B, C, and D). The researcher took some of
compulsory book and many other sources from the internet. To get the
will get a firm answer, that is "yes - no"; True - wrong ";" never - never
"; positive - negative" etc. The data obtained can be either interval or
intervals, from the word "strongly agree" to "" strongly disagree ", then
on Guttman scale there are only two intervals of" agree "or" disagree ".
So based on the scale the researchers give 1 score for each item which
is answered correctly and 0 score for the wrong answer. The analysis is
2. Questionnaire
because its make easier and more efficient in doing research. The
questionnaire consisted of twenty (25) questions in the form of multiple
choices. In this part, the researcher asked the students to choose one
option that they agree with the questions would be asked to the students
Likert scale. Based on the Likert scale, the score of each student would
be marked as follows:
a. Conceptual Definition
Vocabulary is the collection of the words which have meaning
in every word. Vocabulary also all the words that used in foreign
language. By using those words the students can convey what on their
b. Operational Definition
life to making communication easy with each other in the class, in the
students and teachers. So, vocabulary tests can assess the students in
scored objectively and can measure learning out come directly. For
example if the students answer with the right answers 40 numbers, for
scoring the researcher using Guttman scale, for the right answer the
Table 3.3
make the instrument based on the curriculum and syllabus in SMPN 18 Kota
Total 40
The description:
= Coefficient biserial
SD = Standard deviation
2) Reliability
In reliability test the researcher which only gave once test to the
2
= { }
( 1) 2
Descriptions:
k =Total items in instrument
st 2 = Variants total
qi = 1 - pi
habit.
a. Conceptual Definition
means that you are acquired habit. Students with good reading
habit will follow the learning process and enjoy it. It makes
English.
b. Operational Definition
play.
when they were reading, and what they were reading. The
Table 3.4
response
the performance
context (i.e.,
environment,
preceeding
learned through a
process in which
repetition
incrementally
tunes cognitive
processors in
procedural
memory
Motivational spontaneous 12
analysis of reading is a
reading research,
therefore, is to
specify the
motivational
structure of this
complex activity
the needs it
promises to satisfy
mediates. The
readers
reinforcement are
to be found not in
phrases of the
cognitive events
interaction
reader.
Frustation uncomfortable
measure of
motive
strength to
engage in
reading habit
at the
inception of
reading.
seen as an reading.
indirect
measure of
motive
strength
during
reading.
of newsprint, a
magazine, a novel,
or a text book on
reader finds
engrossing. The
reading of light
fiction, most
usually in book
form, is of special
most of the
pleasure readers
(Nell,1985), (2)
the experience of
being lost in a
book, in
absorption or
entrancement, is
most strongly
reading of fiction
and ofnarrative
nonfiction(Wolfe,
the eighteenth
century the
reading of fiction,
kinds of reading,
of merciless
critical asceticism
regarded as
additive.
activity standing
outside ordinary
life; it absorbs the
players
completely, is
unproductive and
circumscribed
time (Caillois,
1961; Huizinga,
1938/1950).
Reading habit is
therefore a useful
descriptor of
pleasure reading,
it is at roota play
activity and
usually paratelic,
(Apter,1979)
(Adapted from Maula, 2010)
the students to choose one option from five options by Likert scale.
The answers must reflect their personality or their real life about
Notifications:
2
11 = [ ] [1 2 ]
1
Description :
2 = Variance grain
2 = Total variance
F. Statistical Hypothesis
H0: 0
H1: 0
Notification:
H0= There is no correlation between students reading habit and vocabulary
mastery.
vocabulary mastery.
research:
Notifications:
Fi = Class Frequency
xi = Class Mid-Point
n = Sample
b. The calculation of Median (Me)
= + (2 )
Notification:
I = Interval
n = Sample
1
= + 1 ( )
1 + 2
Notification:
I = Interval
before
( )2
=
( 1)
variables average. Generally there are two kinds relation among two or
= +
Notification:
a = Intercept of regression
b = Slope of regression
x = Independent variable
a. Normality Test
Table 3.6
Class Wide
No Z F (z) fe fo X2
Limit difference
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
which is made.
Formula:
( )2
2 =
(Riadi, 2014 p.94)
b. Homogeneity test
Formula:
2
( )
2
=
1
Formula:
2
=
2
Formula:
1
= (0,05; )
1
(, 2014 . 105)
that homogeny.
b). if (f2 count) > (f2 table), the data does not come from the
Statistical hypothesis:
H0: Y = + ( )
H1: Y = + ( )
Testing:
=
()
(0,05; )
()
Conclusion:
If Fcount < Ftable than decline HI accept HO, than regression Y into X is
linear.
: 0 ( )
: 0 ( )
Testing:
(/)
=
(/)
(0,05; )
()
` Conclusion:
into X is significance.
e. Test of Correlation
moment if the data is normal and homogeny, but if the data is not
{ } { }
=
( ) 2 ( )2
2 2
{ }{ }
Notifications:
6 2
= 1
(2 1)
Notification:
N = Sample
REFERENCES
Goodwyn A. & Branson J. (2005). Teaching English. New york : Taylor &
Francis e- Library.
Mohammadi, M., Alavinia, P., & Pouyam, A. (2012). The Use of Word
Association in Learning/Expanding Vocabulary Knowledge by Iranian
EFL Learners. Advances in Asian Social Science (AASS) , 495 - 511.
Montgomery, J. K. (2007). The Bridge of Vocabulary. England: Pearson
Assesments.
VOCABULARY TEST
Name : _________________
Class : _________________
a. Newspaper c. Magazine
b. Radio d. Television
a. Waiter b. Waitress
c. Cashier d. Manager
a. Newspaper c. Magazine
b. Radio d. Television
b. Farmer d. Pilot
a. Sandals c. Hat
a. Teacher c. Chef
b. Doctor d. Lawyer
a. Vocalist c. Guitarist
b. Food d. Drinks
a. School c. Bed
11. Apple, orange, melon, and b. Mall d. Party
mango. They are called
a. Vegetables c. Fruits
15. What do you use to find a way
b. Food d. Drinks
a. Car c. Map
b. Bicycle d. Shoes
a. Quick c. energetic
17. Mother needs meat, carrot,
b. Slow d. calm
cabbage and potatoes. She will make
b. Great d. fantastic
b. Bill d. paper
b. Overpriced d. good
b. Blaring d. catchy
b. Threw d. got
b. Tiny d. great
b. Strange d. stupid
a. Snooty c. humble
b. Stupid d. cunning
a. Infamous c. unpopular
b. Dirty d. crowded
a. Ugly c. dirty
b. Filthy d. nice
a. Nice c. clean
b. Dirty d. pretty
APPENDIX
Nama :
Kelas :
e. Tidak pernah
2. Apakah anda menyediakan waktu 15-30
menit untuk kegiatan membaca bacaan
yang berbahasa Inggris setiap hari? 6. Apakah anda membaca buku sebelum
a. Selalu c. Kadang-kadang pelajaran dimulai?
e. Tidak pernah
b. Sering d. Jarang
a. Selalu c. Kadang-kadang
8. Saya tidak menargetkan tujuan ketika a. Selalu c. Kadang-kadang
membaca?
b. Sering d. Jarang
a. Selalu c. Kadang-kadang
e. Tidak pernah
b. Sering d. Jarang
e. Tidak pernah
Bayangkan anda sedang berada disebuah
hotel dan saat ini adalah waktu favorit
anda untuk membaca, namun tidak ada
9. Apakah anda menemukan kesulitan satupun buku/ bacaan disekitar anda.
vocabulary/ kosa kata dalam memahami
bacaan yang berbahasa inggris? 13. Apa yang anda rasakan?
d. Bingung
b. Sering d. Jarang
12. Ketika ingin membaca buku, apakah
anda membaca cover dan halaman pertama e. Tidak pernah
untuk menentukkan buku yang akan anda
baca?
16. Apakah anda membaca beberapa buku e. Tidak pernah
sampai tamat dalam setahun terakhir ini?
a. Selalu c. Kadang-kadang
21. Apakah anda mengisi waktu luang
b. Sering d. Jarang dengan membaca bacaan-bacaan hiburan?
a. Selalu c. Kadang-kadang
b. Sering d. Jarang 22. Pikirkan apa saja yang telah anda baca,
entah itu buku, majalah, koran dsb, apakah
e. Tidak pernah anda mendapatkan kesenangan tersendiri
ketika membacanya?
a. Selalu c. Kadang-kadang
18. Saat membaca buku apakah anda
merasa hanyut dalam cerita dan ingin b. Sering d. Jarang
segera menyelesaikannya?
Tidak pernah
a. Selalu c. Kadang-kadang
b. Sering d. Jarang
23. Saya lebih memilih menonton TV
e. Tidak pernah daripada membaca?
a. Selalu c. Kadang-kadang
a. Selalu c. Kadang-kadang
a. Selalu c. Kadang-kadang
b. Sering d. Jarang
25. Saya tidak memilih buku yang akan
dibaca secara khusus?
a. Selalu c. Kadang-kadang
b. Sering d. Jarang
e. Tidak pernah