Gear Lubrication

&
MAK GRADES
FUNCTION OF A GEAR

Power Change in
Transmission Direction

Change in Change in
Speed Torque
 OPERATING CONDITION

The gears of the drive are subjected to:

o Continuous heavy loads associated
with frequent shock loads or
fluctuating loads.

o High-speed operations for new

generation equipment.

o Hostile working environment like

temperature/dust/fumes.
DIFFERENT TYPES OF GEARS
GEAR SYSTEMS

Enclosed Gear Systems reduce

lubricant loss and are smaller
in size
Higher speed required lower
viscosity
Open Gear systems are The oil must be thinner to save
generally large and slow speed. power consumption
Higher load requires higher viscosity
The oil must be viscous & prevent oil
loss
Ensure no channeling takes place
 FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT
1. Correct Viscosity for formation of film of proper thickness.

2. Anti-wear & Extreme Pressure properties.

3. Good Oxidation stability to minimise oxidation under adverse

conditions of heat and presence of air.
4. Good Anti-rust property to protect gears from rust in presence
of moisture.

5. Resistance to Foaming.

6. Adequate low temperature fluidity to prevent Channeling.

 TYPES OF GEAR LUBRICATION

Grease Lubrication
Splash Lubrication
Spray Lubrication
Forced Lubrication
TYPES OF LUBRICATION

1) Grease Lubrication
Suitable for any gear
system that is open or
enclosed
Not suitable for high
loads and continuous
operation and there is
virtually no cooling
effect
0 to 6 m/s tangential
gear speed
TYPES OF LUBRICATION ..

2. Splash Lubrication
Used with an enclosed
system
Rotating gears splash
lubricant onto the gear
system and bearings
Needs at least 3 m/s
tangential speed to be
effective
4 to 15 m/s tangential
gear speed
TYPES OF LUBRICATION .
An oil pump is used to
Drop suck-up the lubricant and
then directly drop it on the
Method: contact portion of the
gears via a delivery pipe

3. Forced- An oil pump is used to

Circulation Spray spray the lubricant directly
Method on the contact area of the
Lubrication gears

Lubricant is mixed with

compressed air to form an oil
Oil Mist mist that is sprayed against
Method the contact region of the
gears. It is especially suitable
for high-speed gearing.
INDUSTRIAL GEAR OILS - STRUCTURE
LUBRICANT SELECTION

Factors influencing selection of gear lubricant,

# Gear Type
# Gear Speed
# Reduction ratio
# Operating Temp.
# Power Transmitted
EFFECT OF SPEED & LOAD ON LUBRICANT
SELECTION
 GEAR OIL TYPES
STRAIGHT MINERAL OILS
mild operations
good oxidation stability

R & O Inhibited TYPE

moderate loads
Right balance of Antiwear additives
Good resistance against rusting and oxidation
Most
Widely EXTREME PRESSURE TYPE
Used contain sulphur / phosphorous additives for extreme pressure
suitable for any gear box operating at heavy loads

ANTI MICROPITTING TYPE

Severe and shock loads
energy efficient
higher load bearing capacity

COMPOUNDED TYPE
especially for Worm gears
compounding agent to ensure excellent lubricity and prevent sliding wear
 MAK GEAR OILS
GEAR OIL EP Type

GRADE: MAK Amocam

RANGE: ISO VG 46, 68, 100, 150, 220, 320, 460, 680, 1000

PERFORMANCE LEVEL: US Steel 224, DIN 51517 Part 3, IPSS

AGMA 250 & 251, David Brown S.1.53.101
IS 8406 (EP Type)
Features
Excellent Oxidation and Thermal stability
Good Antiwear and EP Characteristics
Smother operation at Higher Temp.
Good Anti-foam Characteristics
MICRO-PITTING IN GEARS
Micro pitted metal often
has a frosted or gray
appearance

Surface Degradation at
micro level
Approximately 10-20 m in
depth
 MICROPITTING
Today's industrial gearboxes operate with higher power
densities, reduced oil volumes and increased
temperatures-all of which put further stress on gear
teeth. And hence evolved a serious problem, named as
MICROPITTING.

Micropitting is a surface fatigue phenomenon

Approximately 10-20 m in depth pits on surface
Micro pitted metal often has a frosted or gray
appearance
Amplified by Shock loads
Anti micro pitting gear oil is required to avoid
micro pitting
These oils should be Flender AG micropitting
performance requirement
FZG FVA 54 test.
 MAK GEAR OILS
GEAR OIL Anti-Micro Pitting
GRADE: MAK Amocam Plus
RANGE: ISO VG 100, 150, 220, 320, 460, 680, 1000

PERFORMANCE LEVEL: US Steel 224, DIN 51517 Part 3, IPSS

AGMA 250.04 & 02, David Brown S.1.53.101
Micro Pitting Performance Flender AG

Features
Potential for Energy saving
Contains Friction Modifiers
Excellent Oxidation and Thermal stability
Excellent anti Micro-pitting Performance.
Extended Drain Interval
 COMPARISON CONVENTIONAL OIL VS
ENERGY EFFICIENT OIL
Characteristics Method Amocam 320 Amocam Plus 320

Type / VG Mineral / 320 Mineral / 320

Timken OK Load (lbs) D 2782 65 80

4 Ball Wear in mm D 4172 0.36 0.33

FZG Load Test D 5182 12 12+

Flender FZG Micro pitting FVA 54 NA 10+

Test

Oxidation Stability Pass Pass

Overall energy saving up to 1-2%

 TRIAL RESULTS,

Customer : Bhushan Steel

Equipment : Uncoiler of Trimmer Machine

Tasted Against : Shell Omala 320

Overall Energy Saving : Upto 4.5%

MAK GEAR OILS

GEAR OILS STRAIGHT MINERAL OIL TYPE

MAK CABOL

ISO VG : 100, 150, 220, 320 & 460

Performance Level:
IS 493 (Part 1):1981

Salient Features:

Highly refined straight mineral oil

Mildly loaded enclosed gears where additive type oils are not required
MAK GEAR OILS
GEAR OIL R & O Inhibitor Type

GRADE: MAK Hydrol (Gear Oil)

RANGE: ISO VG 220, 320, 460

PERFORMANCE LEVEL: IS 3098 : 1983, IS 10522 : 1983

DIN 51524 Part I HL Type
IPSS : 1-09-022
Features
Excellent Anti-wear Property
Good Oxidation Stability
Suitable for Mildly loaded Gearbox
Suitable for Worm Gear Lubrication
MAK GEAR OILS
GEAR OIL Compounded Type

GRADE: MAK Engol J

RANGE: ISO VG 460, 680, 1000, 1500

PERFORMANCE LEVEL: IS 1589 : 1994 Type 2

IPSS : 1-09-010

Features
Excellent wet-ability
Possesses Excellent Film Strength
Suitable for Worm Gear Lubrication
MAK GEAR OILS
GEAR OIL SYNTHETIC TYPE

GRADE: MAK Syngear

RANGE: ISO VG 220, 320, 460, 680, 1000

PERFORMANCE LEVEL: US Steel 224, DIN 51517 Part 3

AGMA 9005-E-02, David Brown S 1.53.101 (E)
Micro Pitting Performance Flender AG

Features
Extended Life
Excellent Oxidation and Thermal stability (VI ~ 160)
Excellent Anti Micro-pitting performance.
Good Low Temp Properties
Approved by Flender & MAAG Gear