UNIT 1

VOCABULARY

Armchair (n): Guess (v):

Balcony (n): Improve (v):
Bell (n): Include (v):
Belong (v): Matter (v):
Blanket (n): Microwave (n):
Bulb (n): Mirror (n):
Cave (n): Own (v):
Chest of drawers (n): Pillow (n):
Consist (of) (v): Relax (v):
Contain (v): Remain (v):
Cooker (n): Right (adv):
Corridor (n): Sink (n):
Cosy (adj): Suppose (v):
Cottage (n): Tap (n):
Cushion (n): Tidy (v):
Design (n): Upstairs (adv):
Exist (v): Washbasin (n):
Fridge (n): Windmill (n):

GRAMMAR

PRESENT SIMPLE &PRESENT CONTINUOUS

USES:
-Situacin o estado permanente:
I live in Prado del Rey.
-Hecho que siempre es verdad:
The Earth is round.
-Hbitos y rutinas:
I go to judo lessons twice a week.
USES:
-Situacin temporal:
Im living with my aunt because
theyre painting my house.
-Accin que ocurre en el momento
que se habla:
Theyre playing football at the
moment.
-Actividad en progreso:
Im studying English.

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 -Actividad en desarrollo: The
weather is getting hotter.
-ALWAYS(queja):
Youre always arriving late.
-ALWAYS(cumplido):
He is always giving her flowers.

FORMATION: FORMATION:
+ Subj + verb + Subj + TO BE+V-ING

Ex: You play Ex: Im watching TV.

He plays*

*3rd person sings

-ses kisskisses Subj+TO BE+ NOT+ V-ING
-xes fixfixes Ex: You arent watching TV.
-hes watchwatches
-ooes gogoes ? (Wh-)+TO BE+ SUBJ+V-ING?
-yies studystudies Ex: Is he watching TV?

Subj+dont/doesnt+v
Ex: You dont play
He doesnt play

? (Wh-)+do/does+subj+v?

Ex: Do you play?

Does he play?
TIME EXPRESIONS: TIME EXPRESSIONS:
Now, right now, today, at the
Once a week
moment, at present
Twice a day
Three times a month
Everyday
Almost every afternoon
FREQUENCY ADVERBS:
Always, never, sometimes*,
usually*, hardly ever, occasionally*,
often*

STATE VERBS
- Verbs which describe states, not actions, arent usually used in the continuous.
Only simple tense.
VERBS:
- THOUGHTS: believe, know, remember, forget, think, feel, guess, suppose,
understand

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- FEELINGS: like, hate, want, need, prefer,
- SENSES: smell, taste, hear, see
- POSSESSION: have, belong, own, contain, include
- EXISTENCE: exist, remain, consist, seem, mean, matter, etc
- TO BE

COUNTABLES &UNCOUNTABLES
COUNTABLES UNCOUNTABLES
A/an Ex: a car, an apple X a/an
Plural Ex: cars, apple X plural
Some + ?/ any ? Some + ?/ any ?
A FEW: unos pocos A LITTLE: un poco
Ex: I used a few pens. Ex: I want a little sugar.
A bit ( un poco): a bit of coffee.
An amount ( una cantidad): an
amount of money.

A drop ( una gota): a drop of water.

MANY (muchos/as) + ? MUCH (mucho/a) ?
Ex: I have many CDs. Ex: There wasnt much ice in the
They didnt get many points. fridge.
Do you need many bottles?
Did you buy much oil?
A LOT OF, LOTS OF, A LOT (mucho/s)
Ex: There are lots of books.
Its raining a lot.
I want a lot of shoes

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 HOW TO WRITE A LETTER

INFORMAL LETTER
OPENING:
Dear ..,
Hi..,
Hello.,

1st PARAGRAPH: WHY ARE YOU WRITING?

Thank you for../ It was great to hear from you./ Sorry, I havent written for so
long, but/ Ive got so much to tell you./ Im writing to say./
( In this part, you thank the sender for his letter and you can write why you
havent written before or why you are writing)
2nd PARAGRAPH: ANSWER THE QUESTIONS (Be careful with this part!!!!!)
(Try to use linkers like first of all, but, and, or, because)
3rd PARAGRAPH: TIME TO SAY GOODBYE
Well, thats all for now./ Id better finish now because./ Say hello to your
family from me. / Give my love to everyone./Dont forget to write soon. / Im
looking forward to hearing from you (V- ing or noun)
4th PARAGRAPH: FRIENDLY ENDING
Love,/ Lots of love, / Best wishes, / All the best, / Bye from now,

YOUR NAME

Tips:
- Write around 100 words
- Contractions like isnt count as two words
- Be careful with the spelling, punctuation and grammar
- This part of the exam has 15 points

pg. 4
Example:

Dear Ann,
Thanks for your letter. Im glad to hear from you. I had a good time
on my school trips.
First of all, I would like to tell you what I saw. We went to London, and
there we saw a lot of different interesting places. We saw the portrait
museum and I really liked it. Moreover, we visited the Tower of London.
The guide told us a lot of stories about that place. Some of them were even
frightening! It was a wonderful trip.
Well, thats all for now. Say hello to your family from me.
Love,
Cathy

Exercises:
1. I wanted to buy some shoes this afternoon but I had to go
shopping for food in the supermarket instead, which I detest.
Do you like shopping? Are there any good shops near you?
2. At my school we have to wear uniform. I hate wearing it. Tell
me about the clothes you like and dont like wearing. What do
you wear when you go out with friends at night?
3. Im coming to your area next month. Where can I go? Im
interested in sport, beautiful countryside and anything else you
recommend.
4. We have earned some money to go on holidays. Where should
we go? Where should we stay? Do you recommend us
somewhere?

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 TIME PREPOSITIONS

IN :
- Meses, aos, siglos y estaciones: in September, in 1998, in the 20th century, in
summer
- Con periodos de una semana o ms: In the Christmas holidays, in the autumn
term
- Con algunas partes del da: in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening
- Para expresar el tiempo que se tarda en completar algo: I did the homework in
one hour.
- Cuando significa dentro de, expresando para cundo se har algo: The school
will open in a month.
ON:
- Con fechas concretas: on November 23rd
- Das de la semana: on Monday
- Das festivos concretos: on Christmas Day
- Da de la semana + parte del da: on Saturday night
AT:
- Con horas: at 4 oclock
- Momentos del da determinados: at lunch time, at that time
- Con palabras weekend, Easter, Christmas: at the weekend, at Easter, at
Christmas
- Con algunas partes del da: at night, at midday, at noon
- Edades: at 18

PLACE PREPOSITIONS
IN:
- Para expresar el lugar en el que est algo: in my car, in the garden, in the bag
- Con reas grandes, como ciudades, pases, islas: in New York, in Scotland
- Con el nombre de una calle ( sin nmero): I live in Fuente Street.
ON:
- con la superficie en/ sobre la que est algo: on the table, on the floor
- con cosas que estn dispuestas en una lnea: London is on the river Thames.
- Con la plabra floor menos cuando ese piso es el piso bajo: on the 2nd floor
(The shoe department is in the ground floor)
AT:
- Cuando hablamos de un punto en el espacio ms o menos determinado: at the
bus stop, at the cinema
- Con acontecimientos: At the concert, at the meeting
- Cuando damos una direccin complete, con el nmero incluido: at 12, Fuente

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 Street

COMMON PHRASES:
IN:
In the country, in prison, in hospital, in the sky, in a queue, in the middle

ON:
On the farm, on the platform, on page 34, on the screen, on the island, on the
beach, on the coast, on the right, on the left

AT:
At home, at work, at Antonios, at the seaside, at the top, at the bottom, at the
front, at the back, at the end

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