1

DOCUMENT No

OFFICE PROJECT TITLE

Bangalore Selly Park Retaining Wall

SUBJECT : SHEET No

Selly Park - West Wing (Left Bank) Retaining Wall

TOTAL
ISSUE AUTHOR DATE CHECKED BY DATE APPROVED BY DATE COMMENTS
SHEETS
1 17 Nagaraj.V.D 20/04/17 Ravishankar.S 21/04/17

Signature

2
3
4

SUPERSEDES DOC No DATE

1.0 Background

This document outlines the structural design calculations for the Retaining wall for Selly Park.

2.0 Design Information

2.1 Standard
The Retaining wall is designed for the following standards
a. BS EN 1990 & UK NA - Eurocode 0 Basis of Structural Design
b. BS EN 1991 & UK NA - Eurocode 1 Actions on Structures
c. BS EN 1992 & UK NA - Eurocode 2 Design of Concrete Structures
d. CIRIA C660 Early thermal crack control in concrete

2.2 Concrete & Steel

Concrete grade considered is C32/40.
Nominal mix aggregate size is 20mm & max. water/cement ratio is 0.6 with 400 kg/m3 min.
cement content.
Cement type CEM I & composition of 50% GGBS max.
Nominal concrete cover considered is 50mm for all elements.
Yield strength of reinforcement bar has been considered as 500 N/mm2.
Crack width of water retaining elements in accordance with BSEN 1992-3 and is checked against a maximum
value of 0.2mm.
2.3
Allowable soil bearing pressure will have to be confirmed by Geo-technical specialists. Bearing pressure
obtained has been used in the design to size the structure and provided re-bar for the same. Any change to this
might result in design changes.
 2

DOCUMENT No

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SUBJECT
SELLY PARK - RETAINING WALL
Design calculations for West/Left Bank retaining wall

wall height = 1.9 m

base slab = 2.5 m
wall thickness = 0.35 m
base slab thickness = 0.4 m
soil height = 0.8 m
bulk density of soil = 18 kN/m3 (Given)
water density = 10 kN/m3
submerged density of soil 18-10 = 8 kN/m3
concrete density = 25 kN/m3
Angle of internal friction of soil () = 24 degrees (Given for cohesive
coefficient of friction () = tan aluvium)
= 0.445
Co-effiecient of active earth pressure = (1-sin)/(1+sin)
ka = 0.42
Co-effiecient of Passive earth pressure = 1/0.42
kp = 2.37
Vehicular surcharge (w) = 10.0 kN/m2 (Given)

Sketch showing geometry of retaining wall

0.35

1.1

2.3
GL

0.8
1.95 0.2

0.4 All dimensions in meters

2.5
 3

DOCUMENT No

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SUBJECT
SELLY PARK - RETAINING WALL
Sketch showing forces on retaining wall

A
W1
D&E
H1 F
W4 & W5
W6 L P1 (w*H1)
1.1*10
GL 11.00 kN/m2
(kp*w) v
W3 23.7 G
C H2 P5
Pp L H3 P2 H J

P3 P4
W2 B
A
(kp**H2) 'A'-Point of overturning (ka*w*H1) (ka*sub*H3) (w*H3)
2.37*18*0.8 0.42*10*1.1 0.42*8*(2.3-1.1) 10*(2.3-1.1)
34.15 pressure intensity values at base (kN/m2) 4.64 4.05 12.00

K
10*2.3 = 23 kN/m2
U1
Case-1) Considering vehicular surcharge
Calculation of resisting (stabilizing) moments about point 'A'

Sl.No Part Load factor Force (kN) Lever Arm (m) Moment (MR) (kNm)

1 A (W1) 1 16.63 2.13 35.3

2 B (W2) 1 25.00 1.25 31.3
3 C (W3) 1 28.08 0.98 27.4
4 D (W4) 1 1.28 2.40 3.1
5 E (W5) 1 3.80 2.40 9.1
6 L (W6) 1 0.00 0.98 0.0
W = [W1 TO W6]-U1 = 46.04
7 C (PP) 1 13.66 0.67 9.1
8 L (P5) 1 0.00 0.80 0.0
MR = 115.3
Calculation of overturning moments about point 'A'

Sl.No Part Load factor Force (kN) Lever Arm (m) Moment (MR) (kNm)

1 F (P1) 1 6.05 1.57 9.5

2 G (P2) 1 5.57 0.60 3.3
3 H (P3) 1 2.43 0.40 1.0
4 J (P4) 1 7.20 0.40 2.9
P = 21.25
5 K (U1) 1 28.75 1.67 47.9
MO = 64.6
 4

DOCUMENT No

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SUBJECT
SELLY PARK - RETAINING WALL
Check against overturning

FOSprovided = MR/MO = 115.3/64.6

= 1.78
>
FOSallowable = 1.5 safe
Check against sliding

FOSprovided = (W+PP+P5)/P
(0.445*46.04+13.66+0.00)/21.25 = 1.6
>
FOSallowable = 1.50 safe

Forces (Vertical, horizontal and moments) at midpoint of base slab

Sl.No Part Load factor Force (kN) Lever Arm (m) Moment (M) (kNm)
1 A (W1) 1 16.63 0.875 14.5
2 B (W2) 1 25.00 0.00 0.0
3 D (W4) 1 1.28 1.15 1.5
4 E (W5) 1 3.80 1.15 4.4
5 C (PP) 1 13.7 0.67 9.1
6 L (P5) 1 18.97 0.80 15.2
7 F (P1) 1 6.05 1.57 9.5
8 G (P2) 1 5.57 0.60 3.3
9 H (P3) 1 2.43 0.40 1.0
10 J (P4) 1 7.2 0.40 2.9
11 C (W3) 1 28.08 0.275 7.7
12 L (W6) 1 19.50 0.275 5.4
13 K (U1) 1 28.75 0.42 12.0
W 65.5 M 2.9

Note: As the passive resistance will be an equal and opposite reaction to the horizontal force and moments, only the
required passive resistance will be mobilised.
Therefore, the clockwise values for the moment will be zero.

Check against subsidence

2
A 2.5*1 = 2.5 m
3
Z (1*2.5*2.5)/6 = 1.042 m
pmax = W M
= A + Z
= 65.5/2.5 + 2.9/1.042
= 26.21 + 2.82
2
= 29.03 kN/m
pmin = 26.21 - 2.82
2
= 23.40 kN/m
 5

DOCUMENT No

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SUBJECT
SELLY PARK - RETAINING WALL

Moment and Shear calculations for stem wall

Sl.No Part Load factor Force (kN) Lever Arm (m) Moment (M) (kNm)
1 F (P1) 1.5 9.08 1.17 10.6
2 G (P2) 1.5 8.35 0.40 3.3
3 H (P3) 1.5 3.64 0.27 1.0
4 J (P4) 1.5 10.80 0.27 2.9
P = 31.9 M = 17.8
ULS moment = 17.78 kNm
SLS moment= 17.8/1.5 = 11.85 kNm
ULS shear = 31.87 kN

Note: Conservatively soil on the passive side is ignored while arriving moment for stem wall.

Moment and Shear calculations for toe slab

Maximum base pressure = 29.03 kN/m2
UDL due to soil above slab = 14.40 kN/m2
UDL due to self weight of slab = 10.00 kN/m2
Net pressure on toe slab 29.03-14.40-10.00 = 4.63 kN/m2

ULS moment 1.5*4.63*1.95^2/2

= 13.21 kNm
SLS moment 13.21/1.5 = 8.81 kNm
ULS shear 1.5*4.63*1.95
= 13.55 kN

Calculation of limiting crackwidth to BS EN 1993-3 for stem wall

hD/h Limiting Crack width (mm)

5.00 0.20
35.00 0.05
height of liquid retained, h0 = 1.9 m
thickness of the wall, h = 0.35 m
h0/h 1.9/0.35 = 5.43
Limiting crack width = 0.2 mm
 6

DOCUMENT No

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SUBJECT
SELLY PARK - RETAINING WALL
Early age thermal crack calculations for wall
TEMPERATURE RISE AND DIFFERENTIALS
Cells for input data
50
Peak
45
Element details
Sur face
Pour thickness 350 mm 40
Differential

Temperature (oC)
Formwork type 18mm plywood 35
Formwork removal
Wind speed 4 m/s 30
Surface conductance 5.2 W/m2K 25
Formwork removal 48 hours 20
15
Concrete properties
o
10
Thermal conductivity 1.8 W/m C
5
0
Temperature 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
o
Placing temperature 20 C
o Tim e (hours)
Minimum 10 C
Ambient o
MEAN 15 C 50
temperature o
Maximum 25 C 45
Placing time (24 hour clock) 12 hours 40

Temperature (oC)
35
Temperature OUTPUT 30
at maximum diffentail
o 25
Maximum temperature 41 C
20 at peak temper atur e
at time 24 hours
o 15
Maximum differential 6 C 10
at time 16 hours
5
o
Temperature drop T1 26 C 0
0 200 400 600
Thickness (mm)

Adiabatic temperature rise

Cells for input data
400
Heat generated (kJ/kg)

3
Binder content 400 (kg/m ) 300
Binder type ggbs
200
Addition 50 (%) Reference curve
3
Density 2400 (kg/m ) 100
Specific heat 1 kJ/kgoC
0
0 12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96
o
Temperature drop T 1 26 C Time (Hours)

Adiabatic temperature rise for concrete

90
80
Temperature (o C)

70
60
50
40 Reference cur ve at 20oC
30 Adjusted for temperature
20
Modelled
10
0
0 24 48 72 96
Time (Hours)
 7

DOCUMENT No

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SUBJECT
SELLY PARK - RETAINING WALL

EN1992-1-1 Estimation of drying shrinkage

Cells for input data

Strength class C32/40 MPa

Cement class N
Average ambient relative humidity 85 %
Nominal unrestrained drying shrinkage cd,0 208 microstrain
Section thickness 350 mm
Number of exposed faces 2
Notional size h 0 350 mm
Coefficient, k h 0.73
Ultimate drying shrinkage 151 microstrain
End of curing period 3 days
Drying shrinkage at 18250 days 148 microstrain

180
160
Shrinkage (microstrain)

140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
1 10 100 1000 10000 100000

Tim e (days) - log scale

 8

DOCUMENT No

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SUBJECT
SELLY PARK - RETAINING WALL
Early age thermal crack calculations for base slab
TEMPERATURE RISE AND DIFFERENTIALS
Cells for input data
60
Peak
Element details
50 Surface
Pour thickness 400 mm
Differ ential

Temperature (oC)
Formwork type 18mm plywood 40 Formwork removal
Wind speed 4 m/s
Surface conductance 5.2 W/m2K 30
Formwork removal 48 hours
20
Concrete properties
Thermal conductivity 1.8 W/moC 10

0
Temperature 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Placing temperature 20 o
C
o Tim e (hours)
Minimum 10 C
Ambient o
MEAN 15 C 60
temperature o
Maximum 25 C
50
Placing time (24 hour clock) 12 hours

Tem perature ( oC)

40
Temperature OUTPUT at maximum diffentail
o 30
Maximum temperature 44 C
at peak temper atur e
at time 31 hours 20
Maximum differential 7 o
C
at time 17 hours 10

Temperature drop T1 29 o
C 0
0 200 400 600
Thickness (mm)

Adiabatic temperature rise

Cells for input data
400
Heat generated (kJ/kg)

Binder content 400 (kg/m3) 300

Binder type ggbs
200
Addition 50 (%) Ref erence curve
Density 2400 (kg/m3) 100
Specific heat 1 kJ/kgoC
0
0 12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96
o
Temperature drop T 1 29 C Time (Hours)

Adiabatic temperature rise for concrete

90
80
Temperature (o C)

70
60
50
40 Reference cur ve at 20oC
30 Adjusted for temperature
20
Modelled
10
0
0 24 48 72 96
Time (Hours)
EN1992-1-1 Estimation of drying shrinkage
Cells for input data

Strength class C32/40 MPa

Cement class N
Average ambient relative humidity 85 %
Nominal unrestrained drying shrinkage cd,0 208 microstrain
Section thickness 400 mm
Number of exposed faces 1
Notional size h 0 800 mm
Coefficient, k h 0.70
Ultimate drying shrinkage 145 microstrain
End of curing period 3 days
Drying shrinkage at 18250 days 138 microstrain

180
160
Shrinkage (microstrain)

140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
1 10 100 1000 10000 100000

Tim e (days) - log scale

 CALCULATIONS FOR WALL 9

Risk and control of cracking due to continuous edge restraint

CIRIA 91
Input parameters Symbol Unit Value
BS8007
Section details and material properties
Section thickness h mm 350 350
Strength class f ck / f ck,cube MPa C30/37
Age at cracking tc days 3 Assume 3 days unless more reliable information is available
K 1 = 0.65 if R is calculated; K 1 = 1 if R is assumed to be 0.5
Creep factor K1 0.65 0.5
(including creep to EN1992-1-1)
Sustained load factor K2 0.80
Coefficient of thermal expansion of concrete c /oC 10.0 If aggregate is unknown use 12 / oC 10.0
Characteristic yield strength of reinforcement f yk MPa 500 500 Mpa 460
Early age concrete properties
Tensile strength at cracking f ctm (t c ) MPa 1.73 Mean value of tensile strength f ctm (t c ) 1.61
Elastic modulus E cm (t c ) GPa 28.1 Mean value of elastic modulus E cm (t c )
Tensile strain capacity ctu(ea) 76 ctu(ea) = [ f ctm (t c ) / E cm (t c ) ] x [K 2 / K 1 ] 76
Long term concrete properties
Tensile strength f ctm MPa 2.90 Mean 28-day value
Elastic modulus E cm GPa 32.8 Mean 28-day value
Tensile strain capacity (sustained loading) ctu(lt) 109 ctu(lt) = [ f ctm / E cm ] x [K 2 / K 1 ] 109
Early-age strain
o
Temperature drop T1 C 26 T 1 = Peak temperature - mean ambient temperature 26
Autogenous shrinkage ca(ea) 15 EN1992-1-1 ca(ea) = 2.5 (f ck - 10) x (1-exp(- 0.2 t c 0.5 )
Free contraction free(ea) 275 free(ea) = T 1 c + ca 260
Restrained early-age strain and risk of cracking
Restraint R 0.68 Use restraint calculator for walls or adjacent slabs; or historical data 1
Early-age restrained contraction r(ea) 121 r(ea) = R 1 K 1 (T 1 c + ca ) 130
Risk of early age cracking r(ea) / ctu 2.00 Low risk of early age cracking if r(ea) / ctu < 1 . 1.72
Early-age crack-inducing strain cr(ea) 84 c(ea) = R 1 K 1 (T 1 c + ca ) - 0.5 ctu 92
Long term strain (excluding early-age strain)
Autogenous shrinkage (residual up to 28 days) ca(lt) 18 ca(lt) = ca(28) - ca(ea)
o
Long term temperature change T2 C 15 T 2 and cd only apply when causing differential contraction or when the 15
Drying shrinkage cd 148 sections acting integrally are subject to external restraint. 148
Long term free contraction free(lt) 316 free(lt) = ca + T 2 c + cd 298
Restrained long term strain
Restraint to long term thermal strains R2 0.60 1
Restraint will reduce as E n / E o approaches 1 in the long term
Restraint to drying shrinkage R3 0.60 1
Long term restrained strain free(lt) 123 c(lt) = K 1 {R 2 T 2 c + R 3 ( ca + cd )} 149
Increase in tensile strain capacity ctu 33 ctu = ctu(28) - ctu(ea) 75.770585
Long term crack-inducing strain cr(lt) 90 c(lt) = K 1 {R 2 T 2 c + R 3 ( ca + cd )} - ctu 73
Total strain (early-age + long term)
Free contraction r(total) 591 free(total) = free(ea) + free(lt) 558
Restrained contraction r(total) 245 r(total) = r(ea) + r(lt) 279
Crack-inducing strain cr(total) 174 cr(total) = cr(ea) + cr(lt) 165
Reinforcement details
Bar diameter mm 16 16
Bar spacing s mm 200 200
Cover c mm 50 50
Area of steel per face per m As mm2 1005 1005
Cracking initiated at early age strain
Minimum area of reinforcement A s,min
Steel ratio for early age cracking f ctm /f yk 0.00347 f ctm / f yk = crit 0.0035
k = 1.0 for h 300mm; k = 0.75 for h 800mm; intermediate values
Coefficient k 0.98
are interpolated
Coefficient kc 1 For pure tension k c = 1
Surface zone used in calculating A s,min h s,min mm 171 h s,min = k k c h/2 175
Minimum area of steel per face per m A s,min mm2 591 A s,min = (h s,min x 1000) (f ctm / f yk ) Highlighted if A s < A s,min 612.5
Crack spacing and width
Surface zone defining the effective area of
h e,ef mm 145 h e,ef = 2.5 (c + /2) [NOTE: h s,min and h e,ef are not the same] 175
concrete in tension, A c,eff
Steel ratio for estimating crack spacing p,eff 0.00693 p,eff = A s / A c,eff = A s / (h e,ef x 1000) 0.00574
EN1992-1-1 recommends k 1 = 0.8 but provides a factor of 0.7 where
Coefficient for bond characteristics k1 0.8 0.67
good bond cannot be guaranteed. Hence k 1 = 0.8/0.7 = 1.14
Crack spacing S r,max mm 955 S r,max = 3.4c + 0.425 k 1 / p,eff 933
Early age crack width wk mm 0.08 w k = c(ea) S r,max 0.09
Long term crack width wk mm 0.17 w k = c(total) S r,max 0.15
Minimum reinforcement requirement for late-life cracking only
Steel ratio for late-life cracking f ctm /f yk 0.0058 f ctm / f yk = crit 0.0033
Minimum area of steel per face A s,min mm2 988 Highlighted if A s < A s,min 815
 CALCULATIONS FOR BASESLAB 10

Risk and control of cracking due to continuous edge restraint

CIRIA 91
Input parameters Symbol Unit Value
BS8007
Section details and material properties
Section thickness h mm 400 400
Strength class f ck / f ck,cube MPa C30/37
Age at cracking tc days 3 Assume 3 days unless more reliable information is available
K 1 = 0.65 if R is calculated; K 1 = 1 if R is assumed to be 0.5
Creep factor K1 0.65 0.5
(including creep to EN1992-1-1)
Sustained load factor K2 0.80
Coefficient of thermal expansion of concrete c /oC 10.0 If aggregate is unknown use 12 / oC 10.0
Characteristic yield strength of reinforcement f yk MPa 500 500 Mpa 460
Early age concrete properties
Tensile strength at cracking f ctm (t c ) MPa 1.73 Mean value of tensile strength f ctm (t c ) 1.61
Elastic modulus E cm (t c ) GPa 28.1 Mean value of elastic modulus E cm (t c )
Tensile strain capacity ctu(ea) 76 ctu(ea) = [ f ctm (t c ) / E cm (t c ) ] x [K 2 / K 1 ] 76
Long term concrete properties
Tensile strength f ctm MPa 2.90 Mean 28-day value
Elastic modulus E cm GPa 32.8 Mean 28-day value
Tensile strain capacity (sustained loading) ctu(lt) 109 ctu(lt) = [ f ctm / E cm ] x [K 2 / K 1 ] 109
Early-age strain
o
Temperature drop T1 C 29 T 1 = Peak temperature - mean ambient temperature 29
Autogenous shrinkage ca(ea) 15 EN1992-1-1 ca(ea) = 2.5 (f ck - 10) x (1-exp(- 0.2 t c 0.5 )
Free contraction free(ea) 305 free(ea) = T 1 c + ca 290
Restrained early-age strain and risk of cracking
Restraint R 0.50 Use restraint calculator for walls or adjacent slabs; or historical data 1
Early-age restrained contraction r(ea) 99 r(ea) = R 1 K 1 (T 1 c + ca ) 145
Risk of early age cracking r(ea) / ctu 1.63 Low risk of early age cracking if r(ea) / ctu < 1 . 1.91
Early-age crack-inducing strain cr(ea) 61 c(ea) = R 1 K 1 (T 1 c + ca ) - 0.5 ctu 107
Long term strain (excluding early-age strain)
Autogenous shrinkage (residual up to 28 days) ca(lt) 18 ca(lt) = ca(28) - ca(ea)
o
Long term temperature change T2 C 15 T 2 and cd only apply when causing differential contraction or when the 15
Drying shrinkage cd 138 sections acting integrally are subject to external restraint. 138
Long term free contraction free(lt) 306 free(lt) = ca + T 2 c + cd 288
Restrained long term strain
Restraint to long term thermal strains R2 0.50 1
Restraint will reduce as E n / E o approaches 1 in the long term
Restraint to drying shrinkage R3 0.50 1
Long term restrained strain free(lt) 99 c(lt) = K 1 {R 2 T 2 c + R 3 ( ca + cd )} 144
Increase in tensile strain capacity ctu 33 ctu = ctu(28) - ctu(ea) 75.770585
Long term crack-inducing strain cr(lt) 67 c(lt) = K 1 {R 2 T 2 c + R 3 ( ca + cd )} - ctu 68
Total strain (early-age + long term)
Free contraction r(total) 611 free(total) = free(ea) + free(lt) 578
Restrained contraction r(total) 198 r(total) = r(ea) + r(lt) 289
Crack-inducing strain cr(total) 128 cr(total) = cr(ea) + cr(lt) 175
Reinforcement details
Bar diameter mm 16 16
Bar spacing s mm 150 150
Cover c mm 50 50
Area of steel per face per m As mm2 1340 1340
Cracking initiated at early age strain
Minimum area of reinforcement A s,min
Steel ratio for early age cracking f ctm /f yk 0.00347 f ctm / f yk = crit 0.0035
k = 1.0 for h 300mm; k = 0.75 for h 800mm; intermediate values
Coefficient k 0.95
are interpolated
Coefficient kc 1 For pure tension k c = 1
Surface zone used in calculating A s,min h s,min mm 190 h s,min = k k c h/2 200
Minimum area of steel per face per m A s,min mm2 658 A s,min = (h s,min x 1000) (f ctm / f yk ) Highlighted if A s < A s,min 700
Crack spacing and width
Surface zone defining the effective area of
h e,ef mm 145 h e,ef = 2.5 (c + /2) [NOTE: h s,min and h e,ef are not the same] 200
concrete in tension, A c,eff
Steel ratio for estimating crack spacing p,eff 0.00924 p,eff = A s / A c,eff = A s / (h e,ef x 1000) 0.00670
EN1992-1-1 recommends k 1 = 0.8 but provides a factor of 0.7 where
Coefficient for bond characteristics k1 0.8 0.67
good bond cannot be guaranteed. Hence k 1 = 0.8/0.7 = 1.14
Crack spacing S r,max mm 758 S r,max = 3.4c + 0.425 k 1 / p,eff 800
Early age crack width wk mm 0.05 w k = c(ea) S r,max 0.09
Long term crack width wk mm 0.10 w k = c(total) S r,max 0.14
Minimum reinforcement requirement for late-life cracking only
Steel ratio for late-life cracking f ctm /f yk 0.0058 f ctm / f yk = crit 0.0033
Minimum area of steel per face A s,min mm2 1101 Highlighted if A s < A s,min 815
 11

DOCUMENT N0. (Project/Doc) SHEET No.

- By Chk
SUBJECT-
SELLY PARK - RETAINING WALL NVD RS
REF CALCULATIONS OUTPUT
DESIGN FOR FLEXURE

The structure has been designed as per EN 1992

Design of WALL

Design Bending moment - 17.78 kNm

Concrete strength fck - 40 N/mm2
Grade of steel fyk - 500 N/mm2
Cover to reinforcement - 50 mm
Width of section - 1000 mm
Depth of section - 350 mm
Effective depth - 292 mm
K - M
2
fckbd
- 17.78*10^6/40/1000/292^2
- 0.005
From Table 6.1 of concise Eurocode 2,

K' - 0.208 (Assuming 0% re-distribution)

K < K'
0.5
z - d [0.5 + 0.5(1 - 3.53K) ] 0.95 d
- (0.5+0.5*(1-3.53*0.005)^0.5)
- 1.00 d
- 277.4 mm

fyd - fyk
s
- 500
1.15
2
- 435 N/mm
As1 - M
fyd z
- 17.78/435/277.4*10^6
2
- 147 mm
Minimum reinforcement is calculated as per Cl 9.2.1.1 of EN 1992 1-1 2004.
As,min = 0.26 fctm/fykbtd
2
where fctm = 3.5 N/mm
As,min
= 0.26*(3.5/500)*1000*292

= 533 mm2
 12

DOCUMENT N0. (Project/Doc) SHEET No.

- By Chk
SUBJECT-
SELLY PARK - RETAINING WALL NVD RS
REF CALCULATIONS OUTPUT
As,min - .0013 bd
2
- 380 mm
As,max - .04 bh
2
- 14000 mm

- 16 @ 200 c/c ok
2
- 1005 mm
2
(0.94m above +119.600 Level) > 533 mm

D Design Shear force (x-dirn) - 31.9 kN

Shear resistance of member without shear reinforcement is calculated as

. 0.333bwd
VRdc = k 1001fck

. .
0.035k1 5fck 0 5 bwd
zsds
where k = (1 + (200/d)0.5) 2.0
= 1.828
c = 1.5
l = Asl/bw d 0.02
= 0.003443
VRdc = 0.18/1.5*1.828*(100*0.003443*40)^0.333*1000*292/
1000
= 153.4 kN
0.035k1.5fck0.5bwd = 0.035*1.828^1.5*40^0.5*1000*292/1000
159.7 kN
Shear capacity of the section = 160 kN

Hence no shear reinforcement is required

 13

Project Selly park left/west bank retaining wall The Concrete Centre
Client Calculations for wall Made by Date Page
Location NVD
FLEXURAL CRACK WIDTH CALCULATION to BS EN 1992-1 : 2004 Checked Revision Job No
Originated from TCC14.xls v4.1 on CD 2002-2005 BCA for RCC RECTANGULAR RS -

LEGEND

INPUT
fck = 40 MPa Area of tension steel, As = 1005 mm2
fyk = 500 MPa d= 292 mm
b= 1000 mm Area of compression steel, As2 = 1005 mm2
h= 350 mm d2 = 58 mm
QP moment, M = 11.85 KNm Maxmum tension bar spacing, S = 200 mm
Age at cracking = 3 days Max tension bar dia, eq = 16 mm
Cement type = R (S, N, or R) Short term or long term ? L (S or L)
Creep factor, = 15.0 Cover to As, c = 50 mm

CALCULATIONS
modulus of elasticity of concrete = 22[(fck+8)/10]0.3 Ecm = 35.2 GPa
moduli of elasticity of steel Es = 200.0 GPa
Modular ratio e = 90.86
mean concrete strength at cracking fcm,t = 31.82 MPa
mean concrete tensile strength fct,eff = 2.33 MPa
uncracked neutral axis depth
[bh/2+(e-1)(Asd+As2d2)]/[bh+(e-1)(As+As2)] xu = 175.00 mm
nd
uncracked 2 moment of area
bh/12+bh(h/2-x)+(e-1)[As(d-x)+As2(x-d2)] Iu = 6045 mm4 106
cracking moment = fctI/(h-x) Mcr = 80.36 kNm
> 11.85 kNm section is uncracked
fully cracked neutral axis depth
(-Ase-As2(e-1)+[{Ase+As2(e-1)}-2b{Ased-As2d2(e-1)}])/b xc = 129.49 mm
concrete stress = M/[bx(d-x/3)/2+(e-1)As2(d-d2)(x-d2)/x] c = 0.427 MPa
stress in tension steel = ce(d-x)/x s = 48.6 MPa
effective tension area = min[2.5(h-d), (h-x)/3, h/2]b - As Ac,eff = 72499 mm2
As /Ac,eff p,eff = 0.0139
max final crack spacing = min[1.3/(h-x),3.4c+0.17/p,eff)] sr,max = 366.2 mm
average strain for crack width calculation sm-cm = 145.9 strain
CALCULATED CRACK WIDTH Wk = 0.000 mm
 14

DOCUMENT N0. (Project/Doc) SHEET No.

- By Chk
SUBJECT-
SELLY PARK - RETAINING WALL NVD RS
REF CALCULATIONS OUTPUT
DESIGN FOR FLEXURE

The structure has been designed as per EN 1992

Design of Base slab

Design Bending moment - 13.2 kNm

Concrete strength fck - 40 N/mm2
Grade of steel fyk - 500 N/mm2
Cover to reinforcement - 50 mm
Width of section - 1000 mm
Depth of section - 400 mm
Effective depth - 342 mm
K - M
fckbd2
- 17.78*10^6/40/1000/292^2
- 0.003
From Table 6.1 of concise Eurocode 2,

K' - 0.208 (Assuming 0% re-distribution)

K < K'
0.5
z - d [0.5 + 0.5(1 - 3.53K) ] 0.95 d
- (0.5+0.5*(1-3.53*0.005)^0.5)
- 1.00 d
- 324.9 mm

fyd - fyk
s
- 500
1.15
2
- 435 N/mm
As1 - M
fyd z
- 17.78/435/277.4*10^6
2
- 94 mm
Minimum reinforcement is calculated as per Cl 9.2.1.1 of EN 1992 1-1 2004.
As,min = 0.26 fctm/fykbtd
2
where fctm = 3.5 N/mm
As,min
= 0.26*(3.5/500)*1000*292

= 624 mm2
 15

DOCUMENT N0. (Project/Doc) SHEET No.

- By Chk
SUBJECT-
SELLY PARK - RETAINING WALL NVD RS
REF CALCULATIONS OUTPUT
As,min - .0013 bd
2
- 445 mm
As,max - .04 bh
2
- 16000 mm

- 16 @ 150 c/c ok
2
- 1340 mm
2
(0.94m above +119.600 Level) > 624 mm

D Design Shear force (x-dirn) - 13.6 kN

Shear resistance of member without shear reinforcement is calculated as

. 0.333bwd
VRdc = k 1001fck

. .
0.035k1 5fck 0 5 bwd
zsds
where k = (1 + (200/d)0.5) 2.0
= 1.765
c = 1.5
l = Asl/bw d 0.02
= 0.003919
VRdc = 0.18/1.828*(1 + (200/d)0.5) 2.0*(100*Asl/bw
d*40)^0.333*1000*292/1000
= 181.1 kN
0.035k1.5fck0.5bwd = 0.035*(1 + (200/d)0.5) 2.0^1.5*40^0.5*1000*292/1000
177.5 kN
Shear capacity of the section = 181 kN

Hence no shear reinforcement is required

 16

Project Selly park left/west bank retaining wall The Concrete Centre
Client Calculations for base slab Made by Date Page
Location NVD
FLEXURAL CRACK WIDTH CALCULATION to BS EN 1992-1 : 2004 Checked Revision Job No
Originated from TCC14.xls v4.1 on CD 2002-2005 BCA for RCC RECTANGULAR RS -

LEGEND

INPUT
fck = 40 MPa Area of tension steel, As = 1340 mm2
fyk = 500 MPa d= 342 mm
b= 1000 mm Area of compression steel, As2 = 1340 mm2
h= 400 mm d2 = 58 mm
QP moment, M = 8.81 KNm Maxmum tension bar spacing, S = 150 mm
Age at cracking = 3 days Max tension bar dia, eq = 16 mm
Cement type = R (S, N, or R) Short term or long term ? L (S or L)
Creep factor, = 15.0 Cover to As, c = 50 mm

CALCULATIONS
modulus of elasticity of concrete = 22[(fck+8)/10]0.3 Ecm = 35.2 GPa
moduli of elasticity of steel Es = 200.0 GPa
Modular ratio e = 90.86
mean concrete strength at cracking fcm,t = 31.82 MPa
mean concrete tensile strength fct,eff = 2.33 MPa
uncracked neutral axis depth
[bh/2+(e-1)(Asd+As2d2)]/[bh+(e-1)(As+As2)] xu = 200.01 mm
nd
uncracked 2 moment of area
bh/12+bh(h/2-x)+(e-1)[As(d-x)+As2(x-d2)] Iu = 10190 mm4 106
cracking moment = fctI/(h-x) Mcr = 118.53 kNm
> 8.81 kNm section is uncracked
fully cracked neutral axis depth
(-Ase-As2(e-1)+[{Ase+As2(e-1)}-2b{Ased-As2d2(e-1)}])/b xc = 152.68 mm
concrete stress = M/[bx(d-x/3)/2+(e-1)As2(d-d2)(x-d2)/x] c = 0.203 MPa
stress in tension steel = ce(d-x)/x s = 22.9 MPa
effective tension area = min[2.5(h-d), (h-x)/3, h/2]b - As Ac,eff = 81099 mm2
As /Ac,eff p,eff = 0.0165
max final crack spacing = min[1.3/(h-x),3.4c+0.17/p,eff)] sr,max = 334.6 mm
average strain for crack width calculation sm-cm = 68.6 strain
CALCULATED CRACK WIDTH Wk = 0.000 mm
 17

DOCUMENT No SHEET

-
SUBJECT
SELLY PARK - RETAINING WALL

REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT

BASE SLAB -Toe & Heel Slab

Thickness Face Top Bottom
X-Direction H16 AT 150 C/C H16 AT 150 C/C
400
Y-Direction H16 AT 150 C/C H16 AT 150 C/C

STEM - WALL
Thickness Face Soil side Water side
X-Direction H16 AT 200 C/C H16 AT 200 C/C
350
Y-Direction H16AT 200 C/C H16 AT 200 C/C

0.35

H16 AT 200 C/C 1.1 H16 AT 200 C/C

H16AT 200 C/C H16 AT 200 C/C

1.9

0.8
H16 AT 150 C/C
H16 AT 150 C/C

0.4

H16 AT 150 C/C

H16 AT 150 C/C
1.95 0.35 0.2
2.5

Reinforcement details