3 5 i | pe ‘Translation, Transduction, ‘Transformation: Skating “Glossando” ‘on Thin Semiotic Ice Michael Silverstein 1a is dpe enpge este of bow ls poset “vasa” mal of Impetus armas sap neh ‘re hse) donates exon My aor ot peng es cn consign snd dep of pity fer vas specs of engage ‘trl dT concep be pans hin Fer oy we sega tat gags is in soe espe jo er earl tt ~ dy own east? proeinl shoal po st oes tea we can enctaonally “ruse” aos Iangngs he exe st we few de oes: panna projects wore depends sta etna sue ngage be eet hat on cos poss in ‘ast mngugemodao ie pasate stm esata lel ‘emai exeones wih dstihonl cra) evo rape mpgs lino whic te wed od pein ofthe encase nd ge) Why Soa hs eo? Why, adres sss can we so geri? ecm, een a, Sunsura sowe acmpnat feng wor repression ny by vite of he fact of rama, wich makes i layne ook of ar nda mance ype. rom hi i fos ‘ttt eran al langage sinned Seanran span ch ne of ty ‘order exon ny source and ap nguges a exp Sd xpetes of eegne of comma iene fetal, Aa iaa, ‘oe cg we jufbl oly ot exsa hw ny Oeparsele ‘Benge con oto ive of ratepayers ht ‘eerie nasa" Hove, we can val (atthe dtc) from one guage i seat ia aos ree ein of ganaanemetc se eee se ‘rar poirot one ng. For eral, ag omasp ems, eos syne eti pihan sen ae fiche topes lanl tse Ws alae apa) ‘atc witha em in ante guage, sey Woes (rhwenters sale) (appa) is Te Wrote pt “One-year ‘he Eeglsh tom cna cpr pos he douche, ‘mimi, co es, ‘nant PY)" een thes ee a te abowa beeps at eat ompate wih be difresl (Seasawe) soding sets fh linguistic sens. And hi, ve oth te al ‘Wor om apn ncn by rman tal biel ear apcaly she wo any mal et ~ nd oe scotia Sven entice pres ale, vincing # Kind of leratig adjacent generat asa dentacnal solar (etc ican ae, fom on pen of view, eh at le ty ‘aero neaya nya wd hat oes oe, whom we wool ext be ssn is Els by he eer eon yi yer ae’ ‘hea my o's sn) Ans tha ws ere ali ems ber coal or claiety ib’ ut ina oh of my aber end ‘uh ented forays nan haan ich a ‘got moran wich enh fete two people ina fast wos’ wlvzesp woud date roe, Noss th, ht te especie EglabLaguae and Wer ngage Kite nicl "mig ti nspecive syns ep th) congenet ty the ienoc of kas alge! penton wale tte domed ‘stints, (De. Ol: general Gerace foe [wer i ‘seceding lsendig personal dite cn [oc hn) ts this conse pu of the Sussarem sense, oagh cel the deena ‘ang oft Enix scaly abet hugh oe ted et ofthe deve igs ote Warr oe Wer Oa basin dina ‘om Wor to En how Wer pay ia ode an sol gee nal vale been isla, we mode spe si orn cre wast hope” ncn no gla a fab ors an pak of peter portional ances even fos destborly "ele "poser? ‘Aod his vey gh tent, f Sasa” allows eet ‘Wein, in te move of ama” serving tach ws pose of ewe ‘tie nia Bags erm wth he tg Werte ia tat pier deton [Not fete ht we we tang ag mn. ol ee cae whe "athe amuntaly coated pom, nex seco of when nae ‘sts do te Woon exe apna ita lene Ober, essen ‘tarot mex ef iyi frm ose ‘Ben that the sexo of he denctata hat sociated with he posenne een if preset wel as that ef aoa Rad-ona ee oped ‘dda vation fhe Wor sou ses In forte poe gt ‘cnylou’ tytyour) or in voce wage without expe posses to oars tinsel in ere of peaked af wom the se srt poperse of omnes -pragte or nds tne, tn enc mn ote tay of ngs wih wih we ws i ee "spon to he anon tk ts fea Som tn saga ata very ero wap cde of ie ncn oes we ‘an eogaie common ote to ysons of leeopammatal acre ‘Engh father nd an comic aes pat such teach codes 2 signal dresion flan wi reps o Wore (gy naga dep enuf coas. Thos cuioom tat bth fhe wo etn ‘vdeo reenter hat np amine posted Lena oly in ‘emia cofiag conto ih explo sania pie poet ‘ells bead non th ml’ One of i coin i for foal? ester of Tat and ete rei Knhp restos, babes (dale Wore irae mon coer be compa dental, (Gan) ar an ea Batts pit ian etn ak ‘tag Int desouonl mode one can in principle demise what senancoprmacly ifs enlaicn ne tates yep © the fact hot eon measiags ae anchored by prin of cate tua in snd acess paler engage "Te Susan ‘sents called gman acer words nd erpesons ‘na pra mnie i he iver of ode princi fra ngage oig tek our al of kien relaon fer cual, we kw very guage ess bet ef ete rms (ily edema la ‘hie ata an pera for her anes o ns well). Sach ers hance te sno acl dest tens cet lace eat [pope thee omenbeip ines dT se atone ope ‘Some ct sonnei nal gage ch pontoon ee Eg ‘dcaing execs ef ape sats aod“ pec.” a (x pra Gk a wich in fly noe frm coe oa (xh of Pak a of XD)" Kine in ay ngage ‘wave ma he forma isons nd cle sete proper ch ‘Nos of Amey ester bua os emecn it pet eee! ‘epee, Tey wlohe sre specie poetin a hence woe ne eno and ven eer prt Foretanpl slog wth ola smal et of ech gramme cod lon lds, sch wl cottons, thy tral psn cling 3 86 ‘ete comple tical enresion ht charcz a enim though 4 ‘std calf wee Inkages, whence be well Anon eave peda ‘presons cha ibe sirshan ca’... gman aUn’ e's site's ata). eon ta hsb a has at’ ‘sc. tht canbe mae in any Img os snples Kooga termes "Now k ape tht isin eens “hip iver 50 led — wo te magi earn poses pane pmb erecta ny whee viewed imu ees of evens flexion. Pat eter ‘ws sem that egocentric sed komt tn ‘acs bow omens alo esl called seme fel” nich eve ts asec of sect eulaes of baw era case of dena wine esr iafiite wives as dro ea elt be cara ty = sing, monet poss simple orm. Ths es ema fo ‘ocestra ateolgs the ycog o instip sans - Dua Din, Havalin,e.~ hich have been inven tha vars "pacdogeal ‘ods "eo andor" The lie ef peal cn sie (a ppse to pramascsenanic neh ies Jensen oma faterto ner alah. that ey poe pes eg ‘sou guage Kap engeson witha pe nguage ne bal rind ‘= sprog ted xo, The bend wil emerge fume cae of fret hes orang i eoaional mentip a th iti veel Se ‘opetve angus. Tus, nou Waren Fagh anaon ramp son, ‘ate dan, whetor by thanacves orth red) posses ar Be ‘opps hats fhe elation expos, Secs of be eta fo ‘apace toll aes of ieazanin Woah Eaghsh Yexasoer pao tries jtifcain of asain” a we sen ceed by th teceprapmatic ad grenteprepeai eps "eof gege dis te wy at ems oe oe hd a meh «andy fos on he te code pragma, of ehexb irae ‘encores Tee to forms of wat erly eld ‘eee pig” pet of eon ngage ca engl inch eve ping indy s,s for ramp ti onc Teng mendes [presen] a pu] We Te ip sos eal ‘oding of te pragma heme o rox valoda oe ot ‘sda cotta ies of duration meoning he, "eras he lau: pl sows gemma cofing of ese pragma pet yikes ote ably fait sei fx pred rath (3H ott eet of commacea th pens career fm wich ‘proxi i corral; scenario duce even ‘aime moves oI the fi case dre lel preg th codes ¢ ‘da hse of as inca pes wl he leone a ‘tee te, phrasal consti ay fe Pn ay lic fr ech ‘the “Gia terms that ks ovo daa renove fom he ‘pia day wo renpentorecommseicie cont he soda are 0 opal pwnd of eens aay ng tyond be dzhxamon "| [= "el por “nop (=> Cprosnal’?) fer mare seins iia te sone ach 10 nie at, we pet alanis Engh gran ‘tal or wh ste sch Gl 0 en oer eee ‘povindinn cas Gin ain oas ‘On Gc cemparve le, dc, o, ows osetia rls ‘when owed intr of evel and morpony lt codigs of frm: Tere eer cea ologes caer eiteacen of dete ems Ie Tee (or Pesce or Eve, among mune ee Alf hse, homer te te scons common schemata eroctedutesndns 0 comet ‘etre cwot an sans tt ema i a of etal canton sf was eng cummed sou Frm epi fiw of Ing, se ‘hem ae gral snd ahrat so cons Dan oto which le ‘pen laoradone alae. S hr son i be ceri giao Dice sos Whee wert veap obtain aoe ange of wha ‘seodealy pesuposd isnt hows of ken ofl form Cre Inga, fo example, we cn eye preypose ha oneaoe ‘nhbing commence lo snk ocala ‘cer er Ooo) aire she onan =r abo toes ad enna of Bena be pmo cago Fiat Pnoa.A Fit Pca frmdietly ccna se fea he Invi nab hs elaine be mont fw of orm oe wih eten), us infec wig he tems peona apl he a ‘commana oe src rental dnote Sontag Sn by omens fr eer Pena-eaapr Toms Aad ily sos ange te Peon tes of hick alow feat, hata oar ermple above as uty orton of Woes agua by Folk inn st tak of gemma Cue Enlist at). ‘rch eh kn sel ona che ci nse dps po te way ee ad tence vi tens sbsrtos farce ‘Stic imtoo intext icolnnt ihr anche yt fa of rae (ed is depend cose pu ncn) Yeeeah acolo alo of ats cxretonsin coating of mach atm ea leccn Te eet Kinds of meaning communi byword and expe Sons ineoahen, and ere othe eal tha hese erste, ee Aisa peace of meanghles tht aie ents Hoe we ‘mute th pln of rummarandricon even in he ed depen Indes phoonews ia tion o tation. We move the plas of nip ef consti ad cae fr wars and expressly ‘car indicus ene, roa knowa scl Ts bow we apsete inden cnt des tough whic words and expreson endore wit suse th clasts Dei forms, to espe, dente y vue of tng to «cote se Soctt he srt of wc iy reopen: ty acetic se peso ‘whats ested nes of tt prsepored sti, Inde foms ane _xsualysinply pitt coe von nie eet ats Serm's main of scene aso ad mata sacar BoA ean = ine peta) (Asi 197 (1962) sumone Jn big ~ ay the ey event fe of te pata farm ‘Wem rengriz tate perp fh eninghns of wks ‘xorssions come fst rom ows det ndenel modes of cmon tnd second fm complet, dae ough adel bed ones bowen Sevan ay Semen anchored "au one Wes aap ‘eset inde so a, wher by bal element or ent ‘ocolingitic scr erby Genter tg setae ning point paral lcaton ison i orate aati st we (wbato-on/vtervbeu vibe ang)" Weds nl expeanns ‘sae orgmiol nto eluent sigitcant mete ones sf wich be otra! eottaiy a hein ince ves of ce 1 they ufone wt nope! sot The pee meng wre sod. xpress amid ae ates npr futon ois an akbar (1981 [USO 16-21) wedi, fm Aso ~ “poet” ode organ of dnnue, Bath of ese ind of idee ute am ely prof be lncotaten phe awhich wos tad expen te oon Wi sng. of cou. thts, thy mesos alone, Tae mos nda Had of onion a guge (actin ose “souodsytoln”ocsing asin nt esata lation beeen eal {fm some rea-vart objet of dotting see Hino et 1999 he ‘dugranmate cacti of wh iakeon ened whe “pete” etetua ~erpeatin of sual dcouse iat text! frm. By coin ab Sse oe 0 Pointed un Core 12916 TOU) el nn, ‘igi niyo el ign fo ote bjs, every ‘Snincly marginal deacon hte ys atleast py cnenson ‘alia ems of te langage calor es which denna ef oats expression erty and ant he fom, me pnened stds of eames pepe ay (enc Suan se ser). But. top arin cay pst pens a heey only iver oe aca vy eel ef expantion, deta” le ef erin oma prs fe silo ngoge een vdeo pat ‘twats comma by wors anderen oak (ae bso and Waugh 99: caper Sve 196 Ser came) The uno ea 2. ‘opie "morpho part” ht seo seit soma magsealy witha - Engl al sh our od fe ie ai cessor Te ania sondage need ingratt ndernd en"as Tako" capmesconpaneas ef sours massa exeasos Gn ef sherb, sonnet ober eos taps of ose pots dss 02 ‘eles of be manighins ef expense ares in sors angnags tots tes inte anion process th hee eles re com ‘moe inte pe angage ex egal "Teenie ad cone vues ef woke end execs in cated sexs casio tise of pres we ms conse foc we ‘haa eee thy ec fears anon” han ele ates of Suse and ee Gnotaon ose a aks sect fer ‘diner semi pope, ‘Transation” as Transduction Ast of senile Winch we anchor rmbt lei ind ot snattl spac of anton the unveal f (Setan ‘ran is conene foreman an paguacoprummaical esaon ‘ot vorisanexpessoesia thi coe al exten ome. One Wee ‘yond he state fs Santen ep dave above wee, ‘Meson wt ose Hind mit ramet By i] mean pecs of rpg he sore sala raion her, in og olen, ecules ors and exon fs rome lngsge ‘rune neon by let export een anther anage eeied troop pes seal dvese matalis dently open (eta spt fore tne eg ha to soar ad tat rn pce tines, muldmoesnaly "ne As was sted abeve he ie), on Shes sonar vay manifees efndamestally dei odie "enang rece (ne Pecos), Soe "vu elevating ‘nae of words end xsi cba nereon ech sbi ‘eal phe nid the econ ody scored by Sate te by eis, Hene, hw hese ote nds of emt ym cn be se ‘cores sos sowce ed get us paring the When concept of ‘anmuizoremaatc"cattaion”~ isthe oe of raadconl eon of ‘tnd sn rproions aso lngsee. ‘Wes ik eos of i wdc matapor of energy taxa tae sc as aby peace He or of poe) {gh prviionaly sided doweszeem and downvard nar of wat spat tie des is asec noe sn Kind of ey asa erp nsdn sey teal moto of nin mages ‘en wound anal wih rane cone tha oe exergy fhe ow ‘ter tabin Mal. baesing at et ome far oe fa ‘Tork Is andar vo mode of rasta emgy covet in ‘unccnayreglrwey io wether Kind egy logue (eg Frain tosis cae oferta cst laperag) vee yea fx lg) ea te oer of ced trent), of ecm wih os ‘ppage ewes the two rst of enrayonaniaton, da 0 toa afte” "ado cota to," and hr ges flo ‘termdanis mio woe “hep mucho Wat goes ut cusaeig an ates anges ‘exyreion sage lange tet each aan of enya ‘reas deing wit te tmsson feos beyond wh aus ee ‘temas infers rot Wo alg wih eno Saanmen pe of ‘esnopnes of words sk eprenios 2 udm ended wae basket wc, severe, eave ec ying big sme ene oer faooe pilose wove Lagu poopy aloe a zat oe (See freuen Lee 197, aren 197) Tso Ses wpe ‘meningflns ne Bond opin eae pecs edocs ealaborting in ml modes to cree exstetreri-catest ver ho exe of salle enc. Toschve ws b-cntinecuwOe a fe vcou mae eninge cde neve ble way is fare 1 1 race rape something. By cont te Gesu odag ‘wodsanderesin io Wic be mand eas f nde pe fiscompe emis acim otto sal wey sae Pri cf wht ecti, Bwtisaemich esng “henln”bsnotey feesed etal won seam cose, aw omer some of be cs one Sears ioe ral of civ ety arg om at ‘wea etrig pit, how oan” word nd expen a ev ag ageing Constr, or stance, he Yocai” frm ht coespond othe Woot xroion gar a fer. Thaw be egy fom hr en” form of ves ht we might vast bya oe th detotaicelly epee gl Yates tha corey atc da as a’ a forte on rang enrin eome Bot wich se Wee te tat Wore bs miter oe, a ine rage pedi of indeed ‘Seep, ran ease Re somo «Baby Tae Reiee™ ‘rt eos word sales Worm mage. Feel el ‘orotf tert cls, pal and wie igre ei el fer (il stoploial"pntr”) ie hot concede ‘fom wich rvs eh oral ron pst name” (oe Sara yl coats he orm ec, “Didi neces” ‘Daddy re- ‘fea me" vng theyre a qt, Th afr ar thre isteton ‘org he welos gin ngage os for Worm it wood bei mere ‘Baby TI pe, day de ep psp tha ae ie cot rations fom esse finden contrat o att. One tes gute ‘rnd gi Amean tient) 474A nme OF lt hal ease ‘epee wi ndexcal ealahnes ceptor ts tow both sue ‘ron and ret epin plat apoio and rat eve ‘tr nape of aval maid ci aon Grr me echge {Severn “ain Wor rasan my Engh ngage pati os “al eyo” esa”) oops aking ey strate frm nea Pg Eng ny grown Wor spain lenis othe i197, n swing cde ‘ont woud alr he cay taslaon earn ey Kew, “dy.” ‘icles cnnd ne remake apporansie be Amaia gh uot veniveepierc "ie mg den, cosrpntie eating he at of eras soc ‘smack run rendatin'ce he one and oe wrote {actor tp ingen mengul lon the wh. Tee ct a> coi thefts, wha tesa inv tran’ of he {oats ee in he tinggi some organiza of) are pe Slo ofthe coed” We ao hat soos css of wor and express tive arc compere bes bo somancopmamatical (Sturn ‘seems end pgs ost fie! pes Pky tacit cmplee sng” Lae 1997 70-74 Ley 192s: 8-7 {onb:35-1 Siveraan 198, Soa arto of rest clases ef words tndergeeons na source tex be rato "roe esslaton in cur eared ‘Ses toa tats naan wl obvi a. ‘Ofcoun, emer fl ha eight be apes na sore een ‘sre ooe form a grmmacal ceaarmingané compen exfesion ‘ili synonym: rama clsfable xia smpes, ley isewes a ifeece culation ao. In any nguge, gees semanteeprmnotal posi cg. fuly prose rai calbsion. sad {cecal chs (erm syeaynes”)conespondet xpeson a ‘nls ie em, be ingle el om at vy bse mening” ‘tat adds mile pags Gadel an metupgatic tos —In so, ‘otra es tote compostonal mening othe Soong) towers [sume "sent; Who 1956 1945951 eallocaon. Hence, plik X) ‘aude ota snl ver) mean nat ery be meas Xam 0 {0 Be (nih he gece coasted peal aloeaten) "bat sore ‘nic ewig of eat pln ome indeed rppesionsnte rai of nate oes knowisge Tee ne esuppostans acca wih a5-(aon agency. (cutout, and in ubutes 0 hums recom te dnc of X ar well ved iio a ‘surat whch Xm Yo, leer ian form aes in eg iestons whch ookpealy es or econ aoe” ge eter meine ae cure “avision of Unguseabr” (Puan 1973) ‘Bain (181) ng ao pod oth eseatl aopeor late me sch atoeg cnet ech et gay) Scere” tg fay ‘ord rexponon etree nde of ap nteteaie a err ber apart eaighae—of con ths every om, i "Tote dere ch completes of rerupostion conus parity 0 he pertomai ency fetal a of wo an expen acon {he eons the very mis of com, ental ewer eprouchs “enlaon” Farle deing wih pera elicy, we can pte he ey ossliy of stems expesiy of te argeed pesformatve te of ‘Sxl seme rpm mealangnge” Andean uch peor fl vitae big espe in eon needs ead” ten rom at aru sue wre osm augment, enancopena tly etfooing ext oro he pet ses? enc anton he gpsion sw eves wer oe abet “epee, as, seh pecostis index, cold we woa be ato se tue tei jet in then pices way? Ts wale peel of te pope ofthe eign sve or is wanton of smi Hes conser hex merci ngs source of Wot he me ‘eof ten of which contin feo tat indexes udpmens of 3 ‘bully Heh srt Is tee a eters wy owe aerating wort ot ‘expel inthe gen al te mtprgm dsr tha li te rvuponel coset ivcetos of thst wad? Would i eae 5 shud sports of call eocylopeia never sich quesion =, wh ‘ind of tn wat Kins of cntee i is sero langage fm or expos rst ade? How eat, al al i? The wasodatansueo y=, ely, nr of te penis st {be rmitrswiglerom ira econ of mach roped nth ou nd ‘tags aguas Ste os infty eave is way. seme aealy rae how rant apc of iternge gos depend oo {te pagent spectros ngage cenral Gove wasn wich agnge [spar eale'by view of sococaral omental Le deal reurpsiton sept neem! (poy) - fe fw ‘langage n-u. Tt toy ch of wht pe fir be "oun" even of Simple wes et of lng nly cons talon of deal ‘seas invoked youn usage be wed i De pace wat Seen ed sees! wes bv be este nea sent fate ‘Stic x eds ovo shaping tte ng ey rca anton wo (0x wenn eno an abort, teh Sevan coe upon tl pes he eine © Tae yogis prc ota be re! et rok 0 ta areca wok” weyafr or wo wh ene 2) ge cuentn whch ete fa asso aess (s wet ecrten) panera tens Get fe Senses eo ‘Sajer mention sil worn expen ieee 8 ‘Sixtand ne ow posse of cain ey of aco SAS enanion Mtteatcig cnn prt cs. einen paar fs soon mapas no gaan et ‘Spagetti icin tbe it prea pay asa Be ‘ie af pope orb nmin” Le. postion. Th ay Hot ibn 85 ope tt te Toe ce Hea! 6 ly ald (Sos tmnt sie! you isbn an es] (ee se vay aoe of prety Arete he queens of Ansa (fa ara" ne poe urs sme eh? Clty ft ‘ulin dental otc at we to eat he ites ‘Sad deel hr, ema ect eke, ‘Scns we me enped ts aime meh spore anton he sane cancncapmgate mda cpt een (Syeanpge nae cae Sw reno nae wor en (Siiacornuuca cfu eg, Worom ass dese abe) with ‘oe catalan a a) eT Tove cone sch Cn con oe ened wo nese of Be ett opty pupeae a wel stmt ees av os Oy cart is ent even he est weet alznand tow en plot ent dig sbi ae ah “Cui vy psn svn cept! cos necaly ‘Set in any wef wold geist cs ou Theat cone conser scons nao ap we ‘Socal noy ewe crt wo rexel pare ee of ‘Somacane wage, Mocon vedanta deel aes ee 8 ‘Sites atten ohne wo ean ‘Svar noes gy concng wisconsin ae, iSsspeatr ote over (deo) . Tntreneing sh despion nen expen th conpesiaog nd hous. Site gil ore agoge Met ‘Siti cmmstan och et nme deta, x omno auractguage word or expen ito a yt no sometig| ‘compat isthe way ters target tt communis nade ‘moses Aan bec) soe ow eases Dull ie evden imemlegfls of ote ngage vo md expen wed wid cera et ‘come lt te pure "anit messing" By cont, inl oo ‘grin desert coctt of no wd expen ne ure Insp te ta one ht ner, mutts mass, comparable cot ‘eta coger many tinsel cod eel enn fe soars tonn een lea parila an ot of conepaon ad Dat ets bce i so el wo be Dd and Beane we do Indo hve motapragmais espe actin fr desing il emt, ve anol seem el to prof th nsdn necessary to del (cheep wey el conc Fading ny nd “er log -erheeing nln incor aoe sn ed bing eyo fantom ASerigtannoton weave tmp sing oops pono ‘ly sad oem o-oo in anna ge ange ioe (ex nos, isk ie rptlngage aimopazte st he peeing “coent(Sily pahing the comet exhansing ‘cost’ fo se rowed tom Suet ot imply define hi now brome oa (ralentit ovina cal someing deviating sot terms desis tmeting fer ti reader who make oe en fh oan pre Tis way. nt, he towed er nt 0 ch asin tet nc mod the very einai owned etree soa ange ‘ers ofthe rm and peanuts of The bog ea bcos [second nd rg ora ave ye indie mein, vey stooge! ge fe erm ep tcoacept tet foe Bact ‘nan revo tn enact So, ren y cu Ov soe 97 “wanlataa” tabu. hs enerzs bt nec vouataon oa ch term etnognpic sta refs "wae" fe ome ne? Indes repo by he twrge-lagsigendecales cad nh eine ‘pai ht cinta "Hal te, ot of he ator of cha inogmpictet he paren te ume rmfrcep is rb eu eng nel Ew ited becoming a ope of ear score, nach aia be egy (eee cnc ce® apa eee celex Aula inden o peed anion goad "ety" may us aso be ‘teune mow gare oid nor ety faving “ben he (Gefo! 198,Capance 186 Get 98, Were ett ole ‘tence? term une anton ine a acta wn em or even opr caciorina pte oo (ik ow pens ‘Gri oramean oc usr foenampl). er eh ts ‘Ticitorminainatt pesca cope’ vets oe ‘ian frame wine eens tie! Dts bel oat inex ows tnogretie eae Sotelsnocay sain bon sey eal worn expe sang dete, Woes ean Wasa om ee ‘Seosotmeing omega ce: tte fn Srremtveaty myn! fair cay fy ce wets ‘SES teas ncn fine frm a ule mar ores compre ‘Sow ue ed tesa nine Sted ergs Exp Tit 1 gag a a se "tig" ig Me weal eee te Gest pe (rasan he a) moo ural idecea aes Hence be TV" sn (owe "Chinen 96) a Epc nse mse ay ean St) iy eming an nea mbes 8) Tse iden ecton hts cepa cameo ot me hat sce ‘Spe ince wm oe mpage ed mace. tre np ental enigma) atl A ch (oval deta ene at om pgs ng 5 sctty puma arpa om Garman erly id oO Slant seo pews fr "Voge ho femal font a Rein ted een a’) ju nr cmv he oe which eter een voters aw noapic fd {Secpoina nce ety owns nga edn hy tt Seta somcng on efor salu ob sen ot Sterne eres fad oof eatin ers at ‘rato nt nthe diaws sobs eo i nO Contac fn sa ew rouse fanowrapoch eve of egups the apne, Irs Sots Kora Tacx? Tonal yw oped cri Sih pecan ak flanenoso od deed be ee Teta puta itr et of Sdence ono pron ese ‘Sidon stro Mas hs nein ef seme ‘Stone neni oe oar he ats mai ae inane raga pres Senn woof ning sane lng” Te wer an exes coi ‘Toes hale niet enon dois cer be wee “ral in cra nde ranma parables Ire eof ‘csc mee ern fe grrr of ec‘stents ndecs omeon a welt conan ferent or tof Come the SAE“DV" apes, thsgh coed on pronooial ws, ‘tie up a semeit Compaen hs wal wage ee Ag 1996 Mero 1997) ough over roe saben orsa ie aac ‘rags Amare gh (iron nd Fed 196495] Mary 196) dose ‘suvlent vocal indeing with paratips of alert ersoal names, even ‘Soup isdows thee psominlyfrsed "TV" tea. Now meee athe est tas of raed reps engages ‘thao Arar lh or ny er SAE guage vee et ard Jae langeg common nan fs ngege omnes. be Wataon regs reed in comet apropeae and cone-nig “sy ‘jsinens at pate ma Une vara wchel,ephen, andthe ‘phy vl fonction surat corona in tderd(,n English ‘reco ors with complex milo sorte al Be while "ang ‘Ges ing” ene rl in more oa ep, nes rege of ote st oft ine andes once betwen sel “oom” SSnformsl andr ren resvely “pesos!” vite esalbigabie conten of emp, allows spear 6 meeps the dferececaliement fu dene a contig fcr fo fn ‘ote deaf ipo ele pha posto be ‘posers wel win echt Scuion male eta tthe mon ‘has, peaking "wel I speaking wih an dell reeel sige by we of ptr rpisr- wo bang nab or ibang eprint onion in ‘goa cote sell sn. "The ptt irs ht aos ela yams rae camps we an orgie in the dni fs alpend above Novwtatandiag some ‘nndaeel lence is how ew nena vane we sess oe ‘otra ters, i som prs cop ge Bh of pal ‘efors ed of ir comeenaizng deel as, even hough aos ‘yas be sacle with nega deny of cmp eas moving om Taegsge cate langage cm: Hence the einer cated by he of Stadnization in SAE lnguges aa ast pata plemented a ys Pero ie “ypec ede nce ars Sones Aaa "Seguigt manned. Tater epitome in fe eo TV" ayes of SAE langanes, ering ony ot Rowton 1nd inde pss of efrace. nc, ean aide gh vans amy 9 elboaIin rbr ‘an meon/aic tom nga bot ing fsa ef i ane inde ‘ect modi ssn led ptt of eh. On can tance {77 r“V" fom wage nan SAB ngage by one of the sever fret scot pert sng’ perl dt the varus Sout stan em, [Ando fh Png courses nd overs ine woy wore nd ee ‘ot ote entre spesicindve wort isan arog, ‘Sethe its compare of alors of 0c acon. Doig 0s ie ver ido amen of competion aw tebe he very ‘Greece nel elia eet whe opty prions of hw cen ‘eno mactiney haa wors an expres ~ de sity se ‘mma wit On he as och, a"eanlor ean aetna (tren of slo and deployed egetangage for sae ue ‘ating compart that w ben of he source anon form would verde erpny comune, So wot we eri cel ‘Ste een oft mating a erga’ "ne with eae one, ‘rnc ar tmae creel a delig wise as of compere of eel nevis hye by aia wor and expressions, eanfacton ovine oben ana for "anton" s ott be coche wih tame eur natower oe. ‘The Transformation of Cultural Meaning Mor tan ely antiga (any mare ei hs asecng ‘dal mover os Sener a ore cata jen and args oe. Tn ech ‘nem worl ad expen tensa anchors win nestle Iermon. ant we tempt ono ans hse, Butts ads sto cee at ‘Sound, oping we ont en of atse mor fly. ee 8 stony ts posi of ranaormatn ote oxi] source ler ‘eortknd npc ways no costar ofl eos of ser ‘Stan cee ere fe ae oe bs xd wih. none sae strato canbe cose ocean of mise tint win ropes tana snd anton Roel daria sve Sf vnmedaed? etal irs a etangrapis, Sets usstmaic fede of povnon of oplogse-- (preset noe fom. 16, Bal ce forexample 1981: 2706, 2916) eed hth fndometly “etre” mae ofa angen dos ngs commun, both {np of orcnpgoig scaling ieee sch al Be vy of etn prominin, wor eens ines (in ty gs, ‘nates a mol) some eof mama gna dc po ‘tone taled of scons e's ctually mre riper eon. laortsviinguite proves ring sino bing, ad eensthy ‘loin and ecw lade le ct wods sd eres ino seein 1956. 15, Ti ppach elon omen wth he Kho Para ndetanig of ean en” of frac (8 Geis 1997 171-201; gh 1972; ‘Pasa 1975 Sara 197, ough sam thse aoe wong ‘tte olen of ming und ens her gee dl te ‘troppo ote dade of ick conception 16, Baby Teper conto dala resigns cor yommy chen wage slr hat tas aly we in ate {anor your cid Sie isvctonin dcr tet nen ‘enn Baty Tale Rei, len sometnes ogee thse ens, w. 2, Tscadon, ronson, of terest 8x mend proce ef Sakston 1921959] Trp’ ne forms and even seem ‘Syms nul bene, elon exten of mai ene {Be csc found wd im cots an pragma meet, Incl soins phe abv quale of spening witha cl, Cp sak twee oven. St Csgande(196 (148) foe of ety ‘egies td estes of as phesamenon and the classi apr cf Ferg tt developed eters in bath waiver plots edi {eos ffocoaean to other singed ite” (96K 1971: 177 rquoe at Deine 1977 ct so Du 17, Forte ine eng et mt wer bet heft hat in re 1 re ‘mda ges epson aan et ina oer langoag ny be ‘ey fauna ee dn ne ype of expres inte raga ‘oom: omplt tel oan of rl esi exe oo ‘te or on priate a may ype” sia cic obi ‘ing nr cbc of rin sous eng. Se low ‘rntoplopalse-enn thew cease, 1 trace fonaan te X's repent Now Pe of it ‘Pama equvalets tt can Bo ssi ia he especie seat ‘ino prot ‘Agee eiapfrX ad Palettes fey. "Th conas Seats (1969: 50-83) problem of ost fom dete ‘let “loeuonary fc nating dvs” FID] fe each nl every vermeil consequential of wing any str! basa language ‘lich be eaavety sles by renga et of langunge- sd eee Iadeenent bs cation yp fly ale! te fans Bein snd Ky (96) Baie Color Ts ‘an ingeoes Ania langage ot ys ingen and wat tbe vag in concel Teay dag tf ie 8h an 190 cess” eer 9. Inseve ples Gt (198310; 578,18) and oe lo i in be ‘a eae "fob" and especily“nteree” ndiroelny ekbeate ths stetue enadcton abe ermeneate ploy noplngesl scram cures cots. Me atrpgiaoe nd ooeney a em, a ‘ce ape taps wk my of ga bs woes 195157) subs replete rion coupentivead pice goo ationshogrpic ten Th eto apiteta ecns npa Gepe- ‘ie to eto enti ideal aes osc pags werd sexprenion dou iy undenaod is cnepe val: Now mac it ‘teva of cherie” ings eon coc of eng the ver exes in whch he em xc Sor eongee eae’. sane of be ealng of sch ater, vi is Gea packing.” bt athe mot diborane "upedng) umes ie. sony we, oo At i rind daottiona meaning inden ‘rc! (Sov re Set 196 136-4] 08 "he pec tally” ‘Sout meaig of wore and xpress) Hence, itl se, ely th "tictnest of be wansdicioal exert revises the ul for ad rear theses of snp ia place of “esa” even out ‘move nao dren tnolion eit anactn. Ont Sd er ave very much esses telly “packing” msn ofimereanve co phy chewing talaioe ote oe no col pees ‘meappmiie deicpirs one on binder iat ell tem in {bl tage lngoge. This ange scat Ope is Dan Speier (196: 32-5, wh woul tld pt enopolgy wasn of he el” he ‘cen deep ater yt omer echelon 25 ‘fora ours) ‘Ax “urate” ter incorporates io the compar and teresa Secane ef topeng uae wy etl ocr of ea fre ‘nvome sou ngage nip amare cep same one ore ak ‘ye (borore) em in goesion lily nyse rome insane (tink ofa" of de bowel nape guston. Hee, he cri ‘ord x expen esi plas sat ase og wall ‘her inctanes of sch-nd 4 penameson i one oat sie. By ‘making sci move codons, inact ost of ang was ‘nei ign em crs by ving aD emai ing sels npg nese eo Bats ta he beroved om ‘ch comanv an Borel econ er mang lens ee ier te sure egal or any pet anion i any te aa Inge. "Thera lnmense cates on cach onto hve Langage and ele symm of seal eal pes wid wesanar bch Dern Sleyuearinsenyntmesng way. Teno etal se bene ‘moder ters a Enno (198) ofan end Age (993, 1938) ‘Tht Sooo Agha 98 fru ovenae of tese eso Be ger ‘Seto "bnatonion” ad ive 1985, 1955 fra sali oreo ‘cal eli of enodcaon bese ofbow te dee Sysems opie ~100- 2A. gl cele tinted an oman han tem yt cd oe event cenay sn Set 1985: 202-8 ant te ‘Erin eal ft nal ale eo ded 25. A postmen “Teadaten Std" weld Stank any pensions wo ‘yaoi roan of essa” by sboving how the ene ys ‘any involves acer wafers, owe undone, nt ‘nev ft nasfomatnr ane Go ef poet ovntoagh erst trp of nue AS oe ays gu isto "See ‘Stas so wi? Te poles nth te ot rete cml ines ‘all ulin i my sao ee ac a ying pes: te it ‘tt sme iene tenn, and that hee we pole tadncon ar el. Ad at we sold be dig em. 26 Ake coun te wie te close and thea te ane apn ‘Deir hoc tom i coe be wed ose of ech Frofeionaldaceuse winding op ae yenn’s word Bomowed fon ‘gongtongeon sb wheh hn neds usin al re ain ‘enopplid osedowamiag clue he pare fom we eae ‘bettas (een 22 pa) 27 Ones remindt of be consul mit Gone by Pa Rives (1971) Soda of x” wry vod by Cir Ger i very if ‘alco a menor winston be al bet wi {Rao nips” of wxarfocs! Wie we do, in ft, cee mee. ‘tse mes ped uanstips feral cane ine ‘Sts beset bet sym ally ese is ven carom hasan cogave rvesig tse rats and ce way We > hve tc cmt Be kena god saring ptf meta of ow ‘cheat aannpheis ceed ne aie sci eve ofc. ‘tne 28 Aoi sey spa outs ers ago nthe ng ey, "Te Ssbat ‘tt telane Now tees al Fei (197911973) alo Prec 1986 References ‘Agha, Ast. “Grails Inde! 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