Professional Documents
Culture Documents
35
Years Aos
Years of Activity Aos de Desempeo
35 Aos de Desempeo
La Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos
Algunos Datos y Cifras
Publicado por:
Versin
Septiembre de 2014
Impresin
Litografa e Imprenta Segura Hermanos S.A.
San Jos, Costa Rica
Diseo
Marialyna Villafranca
San Jos, Costa Rica
Fotografas
Cortesa Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos
Disclaimer/Descargo de responsabilidad
This document is the result of a shared endeavour of the program Derecho International
Regional y Acceso a la Justicia en Amrica Latina DIRAJus of the German Cooperation
GIZ and the Inter-American Institute of Human Rights. It is intended to provide basic
general information on the evolution of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. The
contents of the publication are not binding on the Court.
For more detailed information, please refer to documents issued by the Secretariat
available on the Courts website www.corteidh.or.cr.
Foreword
Prlogo................................................................................................................ 7
Key dates
Fechas clave....................................................................................................14
Graphics
Grficos.............................................................................................................21
5
341.245.2
I59a Instituto Interamericano de Derechos Humanos
35 aos de desempeo : La Corte Interamericana de
Derechos Humanos. Algunos datos y cifras / Instituto
Interamericano de derechos humanos y Deutsche
Gesellschaft fr Internationale Zusammenarbeit. --
San Jos, C.R. : IIDH, 2014
44 p. : 22 x 14 cm.
ISBN 978-9968-611-99-2
7
that this document will be of cumento sea de inters no slo
interest not only to the inter- para el pblico interamerica-
American public but also to no sino tambin para aquellas
those persons in other regions personas de otras regiones que
who wish to have a general quieran tener un panorama ge-
panorama of the work of the neral del trabajo de la Corte en
Court within the Inter-Ameri- el mbito del Sistema Interame-
can system, its jurisprudence, ricano, su jurisprudencia, tras-
transcendence and contribu- cendencia y aporte al desarrollo
tion to the development of hu- de Derechos Humanos.
man rights.
8
Short Historical Breve Resumen
Summary Histrico
The American Convention on La Convencin Americana so-
Human Rights, also known as bre Derechos Humanos, tam-
the Pact of San Jos, Costa Rica, bin conocida como Pacto de
is an international treaty drawn San Jos, es un tratado inter-
up within the Organization nacional elaborado en la Orga-
of American States (OAS). The nizacin de Estados America-
Convention was adopted at nos (OEA). La Convencin fue
the Inter-American Specialized adoptada en la Conferencia
Conference on Human Rights Especializada Interamericana
in 1969 and entered into force sobre Derechos Humanos en
in 1978. This year (2014), the 1969 y entr en vigor en 1978.
American Convention is cel- En el presente ao (2014), la
ebrating its 45th anniversary. Convencin Americana celebra
su 45 aniversario.
11
have accepted its jurisdiction Estados que han aceptado su
and have obligated govern- jurisdiccin y han obligado a
ments to amend their legisla- los gobiernos a reformar su le-
tion and administrative prac- gislacin y la prctica adminis-
tices in many fields. The issues trativa en muchos campos. Los
that the Court has been hearing temas sobre los cuales la Corte
and deciding refer to, among ha resuelto refieren, entre otras,
others, the right to life, torture, al derecho a la vida, la tortura,
enforced disappearances, the las desapariciones forzadas, la
death penalty, guarantees of pena de muerte, las garantas
due process and judicial pro- del debido proceso y la pro-
tection, consular protection, teccin judicial, la proteccin
freedom of thought and ex- consular, la libertad de pensa-
pression and their protection miento y expresin y su pro-
in conjunction with the right to teccin en armona con el de-
privacy, access to information, recho a la honra, el acceso a la
rights of the child and the fam- informacin, derechos del nio
ily, womens rights, and political y la familia, los derechos de la
rights. Recently, the Court has mujer, y los derechos polticos.
been dealing with new issues Ms reciente, la Corte ha abor-
such as the principle of non- dado nuevos temas tales como
discrimination based on sexual el principio de no discrimina-
orientation, in vitro fertilization, cin basada en la orientacin
and the rights of indigenous sexual, los mtodos de fertiliza-
peoples including their prior cin in vitro, los derechos de los
consultation, among many pueblos indgenas y la consulta
others. Through the Courts previa, entre muchos otros. A
case law, the American Con- travs de la jurisprudencia de
vention on Human Rights has la Corte, la Convencin Ame-
become a dynamic instrument ricana sobre Derechos Huma-
to respond to new challenges nos se ha convertido en un
and the ongoing promotion of instrumento dinmico en la
the rule of law and democracy respuesta a los nuevos desafos
in Americas. y la promocin del Estado de
Derecho y la democracia en las
Amricas.
13
Key dates Fechas clave
July 18, 1978 18 de julio de 1978
14
accept the Costa Rican Govern- la Corte en su pas fue ratifica-
ments formal offer to establish do por los Estados Partes en la
the Courts headquarters in its Convencin durante el Sexto
country. Perodo Extraordinario de Se-
siones de la Asamblea General
en noviembre de 1978.
15
American Institute of Human 1980, por la cual se cre el Ins-
Rights as an international inde- tituto Interamericano de De-
pendent entity of an academic rechos Humano, dedicada a la
nature, dedicated to teaching, enseanza, la investigacin y
research and the promotion of la promocin de los derechos
human rights. humanos.
16
May 9-13, 2005 9 a 13 de mayo de 2005
17
Fund and the Inter-American te Interamericana: El Fondo de
Defender. Asistencia Legal de Vctimas y
el Defensor Interamericano.
For the first time, the Court Por primera vez, la Corte cele-
held a regular session outside br una sesin ordinaria fuera
its seat, in Bogota, Colombia. de su sede, en Bogot, Colom-
bia.
18
of the OAS that took effect one cretario General de la Organi-
year later. zacin de Estados Americanos
(OEA), que entr en vigor un
ao despus.
19
Submission of contentious cases to the Court
/ Presentacin de casos contenciosos a la
Corte IDH
(1979 09/2014)
25
20
15
10
0
1979-1985
1987
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1997
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2007
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
sep-14
1986
1988
1996
1998
2006
2008
Source/Fuente:
Source/Fuente:
Annual Report 2013 Inter-American Court of Human Rights/Informe Anual
Annual Report 2013 Inter-American Court of Human Rights
Informe Anual 2013 Corte IDH
and/y
Press release until 09/2014 Inter-American Commission of Human Rights/
Comunicados de prensa Comisin IDH hasta 09/2014
21
Judgements by State / Sentencias por Estado
(1979 09/2014)
Source/Fuente:
Review of contentious cases on the website of the Inter-American Court
until 09/2014
22
Subject-matter of the Courts violation
judgments / Temas de las sentencias de la Corte
constatando violacin de la Convencin
(1979 09/2014)
Source/Fuente:
Review of contentious cases on the website of the Inter-American Court
until 09/2014
23
Compensations ordered by the Court/
Indemnizaciones ordenadas por la Corte IDH
(1979 09/2014)
Source/Fuente:
Review of contentious cases on the website of the Inter-American Court
until 09/2014
24
Principal methods of restitution,
satisfaction and guarantees of
non-repetition ordered by the Court
(1979 09/2014)
Source:
Review of contentious cases on the website of the Inter-American Court
until 09/2014
25
Principales medidas de restitucin,
satisfaccin y garantas de
no repeticin ordenadas por la Corte IDH
(1979 09/2014)
Fuente:
Revisin de casos contenciosos en la pgina web de la Corte IDH hasta
09/2014
26
Emblematic judgments and advisory opinions handed
down by the Court / Emblemticas sentencias y
opiniones consultivas dictadas por la Corte IDH
(1979 09/2014)
27
CONTENTIOUS CASES / CASOS CONTENCIOSOS
Case of Vels- July 29, 1988 Violation of Articles 4 (Right to Life); Kidnapping, torture, death and the forced disappea-
quez Rodrguez v. 5 (Right to Humane Treatment) and 7 rance of Angel Manfredo (student of the National Au-
Honduras. Merits. (Right to Personal Liberty), all read in tonomous University of Honduras) by State agents on
Judgment of July conjunction with Article 1.1. September 12, 1981. The courts did not carry out the
29, 1988. necessary investigation to find Sr. Velsquez or to pu-
Series C No. 4 nish those responsible.
29
Caso Velsquez 29 de julio de 1988 Violacin de artculos: 4 (Derecho a la Secuestro, tortura, muerte y posterior desaparicin for-
Rodrguez Vs. Vida), 5 (Derecho a la Integridad Perso- zada de ngel Manfredo (estudiante de la Universidad
Honduras. Fondo. nal) y 7 (Derecho a la Libertad Perso- Nacional Autnoma de Honduras) por parte de agentes
Sentencia de 29 de nal), todos en conexin con el artculo del estado, el 12 de septiembre de 1981. Los tribunales
julio de 1988. 1.1 de justicia no efectuaron las investigaciones necesarias
Serie para encontrar a Manfredo Velsquez o sancionar a los
C No. 4 responsables.
Case of Aloeboetoe December 4, 1991 The Court took notice that Surina- On December 31, 1987, members of the Armed Forces
et al. v. Suriname. me accepted its responsibility and detained Daison Aloeboetoe, Dedemanu Aloeboetoe,
Merits. Judgment decided that there was no longer a Mikuwendje Aloeboetoe, John Amoida, Richenel Voola,
of December 4, controversy regarding the facts that Martin Indisie Banai and Beri Tiopo. Richenel Voola was
1991. Series C No. gave rise to the case. The Court deci- shot by the soldiers when he tried to escape. A short
ded to leave open the procedure on
11 time later, the other six were killed by the soldiers.
reparations and costs.
Caso Aloeboetoe y 4 de diciembre de 1991 Se toma nota del reconocimiento de El 31 de diciembre de 1987 miembros de las fuerzas ar-
otros Vs. Surinam. responsabilidad efectuado por la Re- madas detuvieron a Daison Aloeboetoe, Dedemanu
Fondo. Sentencia pblica de Suriname y decide que ha Aloeboetoe,MikuwendjeAloeboetoe,JohnAmoida,Riche-
de 4 de diciembre cesado la controversia acerca de los nel Voola, Martin Indisie Banai y Beri Tiopo. Richenel Voola
de 1991. Serie C hechos que dieron origen al caso. Se trat de escapar pero los militares dispararon contra l.
No. 11 decide dejar abierto el procedimiento Poco tiempo despus las otras seis personas fueron asesi-
para los efectos de las reparaciones y nadas por los militares.
costas.
Case of the Street November 19, 1999 Violation of Articles 4 (Right to On June 15, 1990, Henry Giovanni Contreras, 18 years
Children (Villa- Life); 5.1 and 5.2 (Right to Humane old, Federico Clemente Figueroa Tnchez, 20, Julio Ro-
grn-Morales et Treatment); 7 (Right to Personal Li- berto Caal Sandoval, 15 and Jovito Josu Jurez Cifuen-
al.) v. Guatemala. berty); 8.1 (Right to a Fair Trial); 19 tes, 17, were killed by members of the police force. On
Merits. Judgment (Rights of the Child) and 25 (Right June 25, 1990, Anstraum Aman Villagrn Morales was ki-
of November 19, to Judicial Protection), all read in lled. There was not an adequate investigation and those
30
1999. Series C conjunction with Article 1.1, and Ar- responsible were not punished.
No. 63 ticles 1, 6 and 8 of the Inter-American
Convention to Prevent and Punish
Torture.
Caso de los 19 de noviembre de 1999 Violacin de artculos: 4 (Derecho a la El 15 de junio de 1990, Henry Giovanni Contreras, de 18
Nios de la vida), 5.1 y 5.2 (Derecho a la integri- aos de edad, Federico Clemente Figueroa Tnchez, de
Calle (Villagrn dad personal), 7 (Derecho a la libertad 20 aos, Julio Roberto Caal Sandoval, de 15 aos y Jovito
Morales y otros) Vs. personal), 8.1 (Derecho a las garantas Josu Jurez Cifuentes, de 17 aos, fueron asesinados por
judiciales), 19 (Derecho del nio) y 25 miembros de la polica. El 25 de junio de 1990 fue asesina-
Guatemala. Fondo.
(Derecho a la proteccin judicial) to- do Anstraum Aman Villagrn Morales. No se realizaron
Sentencia de 19 de
dos en conexin con el artculo 1.1.
noviembrede1999. mayores investigaciones ni se sancionaron a los responsa-
Asimismo, 1, y 6 y 8 de la Convencin
Serie C No. 63 Interamericana para Prevenir y San- bles de los hechos.
cionar la Tortura.
Case of The Last February 5, 2001 Violation of Articles 13 (Freedom of On November 29, 1988 the Cinematographic Classifi-
Temptation of Thought and Expression(, read in cation Council refused to allow the showing of the mo-
Christ (Olmedo conjunction with Articles 1.1 and 2. vie The Last Temptation of Christ. On November 17,
Bustos et al.) 1999, the Chamber of Deputies passed a constitutional
v. Chile. Merits, reform bill that would eliminate prior censorship of the
Reparations and exhibition and publicity of the cinematographic pro-
Costs. Judgment of duction. However, two years later the law still had not
February 5, 2001. been adopted.
Series C No. 73
Caso La ltima 5 de febrero de 2001 Violacin de artculos: 13 (Libertad de El 29 de noviembre de 1988 el Consejo de Calificacin
Tentacin de pensamiento y de expresin) en co- Cinematogrfica rechaz la exhibicin de la pelcula La
Cristo(Olmedo Bus- nexin con los artculos 1.1 y 2 ltima Tentacin de Cristo. El 17 de noviembre de 1999
tos y otros) Vs. Chile. la Cmara de Diputados aprob un proyecto de reforma
31
Case of Barrios March 14, 2001 The Court took note that the State On November 3, 1991, six soldiers attacked a building
Altos v. Peru. Merits. accepted responsibility and declared in the neighborhood of Barrios Altos, as a result of
Judgment March that the following articles had been which 15 people died and four were gravely wounded.
14, 2001. Series C violated: 4 (Right to Life); 5 (Right The Peruvian Congress passed an amnesty law, which
No. 75 to Humane Treatment)l 8 (Right to exonerated soldiers, police and even civilians from
a Fair Trial) and 25 (Right to Judicial responsibility of acts that they might have committed
Protection), all read in conjunction between 1980 and 1995, violations of human rights or
with Articles 1.1 and 2. participated in those violations. There was not an ade-
quate investigation and those responsible were not
punished.
Caso Barrios Altos 14 de marzo de 2001 Toma nota del reconocimiento de El 3 de noviembre de 1991, seis miembros del Ejrcito
Vs. Per. Fondo. responsabilidad del Estado y declara atacaron a las personas ubicadas en el vecindario de
Sentencia de 14 violados los artculos: 4 (Derecho a la Barrios Altos, 15 personas fallecieron y 4 quedaron gra-
de marzo de 2001. vida), 5 (Derecho a la integridad per- vemente heridas. El Congreso peruano promulg una
Serie C No. 75 sonal), 8 (Derecho a las garantas judi- ley de amnista, la cual exoneraba de responsabilidad a
ciales) y 25 (Proteccin judicial)todos los militares, policas, y tambin a civiles, que hubieran
en conexin con los artculo 1.1 y 2 cometido, entre 1980 y 1995, violaciones a los derechos
humanos o participado en esas violaciones. No se reali-
zaron mayores investigaciones ni se sancionaron a los
responsables.
32
Case of the Mayag- August 31, 2001 Violation of Articles 21 (Right to In March 1992, the Indigenous Community Awas Ting-
na (Sumo) Awas Personal Property) and 25 (Right to ni signed a contract with the MADENSA Company
Tingni Commu- Judicial Protection) both read in con- with the purpose of determining the integral mana-
nity v. Nicaragua. junction with Articles 1.1 and 2. gement of the forest. Two years later, the Community,
Merits, Reparations MADENSA and the Ministry of Environment and Natu-
and Costs. Judg- ral Resources of Nicaragua signed an agreement whe-
ment of August reby the Ministry agreed to facilitate the definition of
31, 2001. Series C communal lands of the Community. In March 1996,
No. 79 the State gave a 30 year concession for the manage-
ment and utilization of approximately 62,000 hecta-
res to the SOLCARSA Company without consulting
the Community. The Community requested various
State bodies to halt the awarding of the concession
and to define its territory. None of its requests received
a response. The Community also presented two writs
of amparo, neither of which were resolved positively.
Caso de la Comu- 31 de agosto de 2001 Violacin de artculos: 21 (Derecho a En marzo de 1992 la Comunidad indgena Awas Tingni
nidad Mayagna la Propiedad privada) y 25 (Proteccin celebr un contrato con la empresa MADENSA con la fi-
(Sumo) Awas Tingni judicial) ambos en conexin con los nalidad de determinar el manejo integral del bosque. Dos
Vs. Nicaragua. Fon- artculo 1.1 y 2. aos despus, la Comunidad, MADENSA y el Ministerio de
do, Reparaciones y Ambiente y Recursos Naturales de Nicaragua (MARENA)
Costas. Sentencia celebraron un convenio mediante el cual el Ministerio
de 31 de agosto de se comprometi a facilitar la definicin de las tierras co-
2001. Serie C No. 79 munales de la Comunidad. En marzo de 1996 el Estado
otorg una concesin por 30 aos para el manejo y apro-
vechamiento forestal de 62 mil hectreas aproximada-
mente a la empresa SOLCARSA, sin que la Comunidad hu-
33
Caso Masacre Plan 29 de abril de 2004 Toma nota del reconocimiento de El 18 de julio de 1982, un comando del ejrcito lleg a
de Snchez Vs. responsabilidad del Estado y declara Rabinal, una zona habitada por miembros del pueblo
Guatemala. Fondo. violados los artculos: 5.1 y 5.2 (Dere- indgena maya. Los habitantes fueron objeto de maltra-
Sentencia de 29 de cho a la integridad personal), 8.1 (De- tos, violaciones y asesinatos. Los nios y restantes nias
abril de 2004. Serie recho a las garantas judiciales), 11 fueron apartados y asesinados a golpes y 268 personas
C No. 105. (Proteccin de la honra y de la digni- fueron ejecutadas en la masacre. No se realizaron mayo-
dad), 12.2 y 12.3 (Libertad de concien-
res investigaciones ni se sancion a los responsables.
cia y religin), 13.2.a y 13.5 (Libertad
de Pensamiento y de Expresin), 16.1
(Libertad de asociacin), 21.1 y 21.2
(Derecho a la propiedad privada), 24
(Igualdad ante la ley) y 25 (Derecho a
la proteccin judicial) conjunto con el
artculo 1.1.
Case of Almonacid September 26, 2006 Violation of Articles 8.1 (Right to a Luis Alfredo Almonacid Arellano was a primary school
Arellano et al. v. Fair Trial) and 25 (Right to Judicial teacher and an activist in the Communist Party. He was
Chile. Preliminary Protection), both read in conjunction detained on September 16, 1973 by the police who
Objections, Merits, with Articles 1.1 and 2. shot him in the presence of his family at the entrance of
Reparations and his home. He died the following day. Decree-Law 2.191
Costs. Judgment was adopted in 1978 and provided an amnesty to all of
of September 26, those who had committed criminal acts between 1973
2006. Series C No. and 1978. Because of this law, there was no adequate
154 investigation into the death of Mr. Almonacid Arellano
nor were those responsible punished.
Caso Almonacid 26 de septiembre de 2006 Violacin de artculos: 8.1 (Derecho a Luis Alfredo Almonacid Arellano era profesor de ense-
Arellano y otros Vs. las garantas judiciales) y 25 (Protec- anza bsica y militante del Partido Comunista. El 16 de
Chile. Excepciones cin judicial) en relacin con los art- septiembre de 1973 fue detenido por carabineros quienes
37
The Court accepted that the Sta- Laura Berenice Ramos, 17 years old, disappeared on
Case of Gonzlez et November 16, 2009
te partially recognized its respon- September 22, 2001. Claudia Ivette Gonzlez disappea-
al. (Cotton Field) v.
sibility and held the violation of red on October 10, 2001, Esmeralda Herrera Monreal,
Mexico. Preliminary
the following rights: 4.1 (Right to 15, disappeared on October 29, 2001. Their families de-
Objection, Merits,
Life); 5.1 and 5.2 (Right to Humane nounced the disappearances but there were no proper
Reparations and
Costs. Judgment Treatment);; 7.1 (Right to Personal investigations. The authorities only registered the di-
of November 16, Liberty); 8.1 (Right to a Fair Trial); 19 sappearances, prepared posters, took declarations and
2009. Series C No. (Rights of the Child) and 25.1 (Right sent an official letter to the Judicial Police. On Novem-
205 to Judicial Protection), all read in ber 6, 2001, the sexually-violated bodies of the three
conjunction with Articles 1.1 and 2. girls were found. In spite of the legal recourses presen-
In addition, Article 7.b and 7.c of the ted, there was not an adequate investigation nor were
Convention of Belm do Par. those responsible punished.
Caso Gonzlez 16 de noviembre de 2009 Se acepta reconocimiento parcial de Laura Berenice Ramos, de 17 aos de edad, desapareci el
y otras (Campo responsabilidad del Estado y declaran 22 de setiembre de 2001. Claudia Ivette Gonzles, desapa-
Algodonero) Vs. violados los artculos: 4.1 (Derecho a la reciel10deoctubrede2001.EsmeraldaHerreraMonreal,
Mxico. Excepcin vida), 5.1 y 5.2 (Derecho a la integridad de 15 aos de edad desapareci el lunes 29 de octubre de
personal), 7.1 (Derecho a la libertad 2001.Susfamiliarespresentaronlasdenunciasdedesapa-
Preliminar, Fondo,
ricin. No obstante, no se iniciaron mayores investigacio-
Reparaciones y personal), 8.1 (Derecho a las garantas
38
Case of Atala Riffo February 24, 2012 Violation of Articles 8.1 (Right to a In 2002 Karen Atala Riffo decided to end her marria-
and daughters Fair Trial); 11.2 (Right to Privacy); 17.1 ge to Ricardo Jaime Lpez Allendes, with whom she
v. Chile. Merits, (Rights of the Family); 19 (Rights of had three children: M., V. and R. In November 2002, Ms.
Reparations and the Child) and 24 (Right to Equal Pro- Emma de Ramn, the partner of Mrs. Atala, began to
Costs. Judgment of live in the same house with Mrs. Atala and the three
February 24,2012. tection), all read in conjunction with children. In January 2003, the father of the three chil-
Series C No. 239 Article 1.1. dren filed a custody suit with the Juvenile Court of Vi-
llarica. That Court rejected the petition. In March 2004,
the Appeals Court of Temuco confirmed the decision.
In May 2004, the Fourth Chamber of the Supreme
Court of Chile accepted the petition of Mr. Lpez Allen-
des and granted him permanent custody.
Caso Atala Riffo 24 de febrero de 2012 Violacin de artculos: 8.1 (Garantas El ao 2002 Karen Atala Riffo decidi finalizar su matri-
y Nias Vs. Chile. judiciales), 11.2 (Proteccin de la hon- monio con Ricardo Jaime Lpez Allendes, con quien tena
Fondo,Reparaciones ra y de la dignidad), 17.1 (Proteccin a tres hijas: M., V. y R. En noviembre de 2002 la seora Emma
y Costas. Sentencia la familia), 19 (Derechos del nio) y 24 de Ramn, compaera sentimental de la seora Atala,
del 24 de febrero de (Igualdad ante la ley) en relacin con comenz a convivir en la misma casa con ella y sus tres
el artculo 1.1. hijas. En enero de 2003 el padre de las tres nias interpuso
2012. Serie C No. 239.
una demanda de tuicin o custodia ante el Juzgado de
39
Case of Artavia November 28, 2012 Violation of Articles 5.1 (Right to Hu- On April 7, 1995 a writ of unconstitutionality was filed
Murillo et al. (in mane Treatment); 7 (Right to Perso- against Executive Decree 24029-S, which authorized in
vitro fertilization) nal Liberty); 11.2 (Right to Privacy); vitro fertilization. On March 15, 2000, the Constitutional
and 17.2 (Rights of the Family) all Chamber of the Supreme Court declared the Decree
v. Costa Rica. Preli-
unconstitutional. Nine couples denounced this situa-
minary Objections, read in conjunction with Article 1.1.
tion to the Inter-American Commission. The petitioners
Merits, Reparations presented evidence regarding: i) the causes of infertili-
and Costs. Judg-
ment of November ty in each couple; ii) the treatments that the couples had
28, 2012. Series C received to remedy the situation; iii) the reasons why
No. 257 they chose in vitro fertilization; iv) the cases in which
the treatment was stopped because of the decision of
the Constitutional Chamber and v) the cases in which
the couples had to leave the country in order to receive
the treatment.
Caso Artavia 28 noviembre de 2012 Violacin de artculos: 5.1 (Derecho a El 7 de abril de 1995 se present una accin de inconsti-
Murillo y otros la integridad personal), 7 (Derecho a la tucionalidad contra el Decreto Ejecutivo No. 24029-S, el
(Fecundacin in libertad personal), 11.2 (Proteccin de cual autorizaba la prctica de la fecundacin in vitro. El
vitro) Vs. Costa la honra y de la dignidad) y 17.2 (Pro- 15 de marzo de 2000, la Sala Constitucional de la Corte
Rica. Excepciones teccin a la familia) en relacin con el Suprema anul por inconstitucional el Decreto Ejecutivo.
Preliminares,Fondo, artculo 1.1. Nueve parejas presentaron una peticin a la CIDH debido
a esta situacin. En todas las personas se evidenci: i) las
Reparaciones y Cos-
40
Compulsory November 13, 1985 Articles 13 and 29 of the American Costa Rica requested the Courts opinion on the com-
Membership in an Convention on Human Rights. patibility of freedom of expression and its limitations
Association Prescri- with the compulsory licensing of journalists.
bed by Law for the
Practice of Jour-
nalism. Advisory
Opinion OC-5/85 of
November 13, 1985.
41
Series A No. 5
La Colegiacin 13 de noviembre de 1985 Artculos 13 y 29 de la Convencin La pregunta de Costa Rica es acerca de la compatibilidad
Obligatoria de Americana de Derechos Humanos. de la libertar de pensamiento y expresin y sus lmites con
Periodistas. Opinin la obligacin de colegiatura para los periodistas.
consultiva OC-5/85,
solicitada por la
Repblica de Costa
Rica.
The Right to Infor- October 1, 1999 Article 36 of the Vienna Convention; With regard to the Vienna Convention, Mexico reques-
mation on Consular Articles 2, 6, 14 and 50 of the Interna- ted the Courts opinion on the protection of human
Assistance in the tional Covenant on Civil and Political rights in the Americas with respect to consular rela-
Framework of the Rights; Article 3.1 of the OAS Charter tions. The matter involved the sentencing to death of
Guarantees of the and Article 11 of the American De- foreigners and the guarantees of the rights contained
due Process of claration of the Rights and Duties of in the aforementioned instruments, mainly those refe-
Law. Advisory Opi- Man. rring to a fair trial.
nion OC-16/99 of
October 1, 1999.
Series A No.16
El Derecho a la 1 de octubre de 1999 Artculo 36 de la Convencin de Viena; Respecto a la Convencin de Viena Mxico pregunta
Informacin sobre los artculos 2, 6, 14 y 50 del PIDCP; el acerca de la proteccin de los Derechos Humanos en los
la Asistencia Con- artculo 3.1 de la Carta; y el artculo II Estados americanos referida a las relaciones consulares.
sular en el Marco de la DADDH. Las consultas giran alrededor de la pena de muerte sobre
de las Garantas acusados extranjeros y la salvaguarda de los derechos
del Debido Proceso recogidos en los textos alegados. Principalmente se refie-
Legal. Opinin con- ren a las garantas procesales.
42
sultiva OC-16/99,
solicitada por los
Estados Unidos
Mexicanos.
Rights and August 19, 2014 Articles 1.1, 2, 4.1, 5, 7, 8, 11, 17, 19, Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay consulted
guarantees of chil- 22.7, 22.8, 25 and 29 of the American the Court regarding the procedures to be adopted
dren in the con- Convention on Human Rights; Arti- to identify the risks for the rights of migrant children;
text of migration cles 1, 6, 8, 25, and 27 of the American the due process guarantees that should govern im-
and/or in need of Declaration of the Rights and Duties migration procedures that involve migrant children;
international pro- of Man and Article 13 of the Ameri- interpretation the principle of ultima ratio; the cha-
tection. Advisory can Convention to Prevent and Pu- racteristics of adequate alternative measures for the
Opinion OC-21/14 nish Torture. protection of migrant children; the due process gua-
of August 19, 2014. rantees that should govern immigration procedures
Series A No.21 that involve migrant children when they are deprived
of their liberty; the scope of international instruments
in the application of measures that may entail retur-
ning migrant children to a certain country; the scope of
protection that must be given to the right of migrant
children not to be separated from their parents in cases
where their parents might be deported.
Derechos y garan- 19 de agosto de 2014 Artculos 1, 1, 2, 4.1, 5, 7, 8, 11, 17, 19, Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay consultan a la cor-
tas de nias y nios 22.7, 22.8, 25, 29 de la Convencin te cules son los procedimientos a adoptarse para identi-
en el contexto de la Americana de Derechos Humanos, Ar- ficar los riesgos sufridos por s nios migrantes, cules son
migracin y/o en tculos 1, 6, 8, 25 y 27 de la Declaracin las garantas que deberan regir en proceso migratorios
necesidaddeprotec- Americana de los Derechos y Deberes que involucran nios/as migrantes, cmo interpretar el
43
cin internacional. del Hombre y Artculo 13 de la Decla- principio de ultima ratio, qu caractersticas deben tener
las medidas alternativas de proteccin de derechos de los
Opinin consultiva racin Americana para Prevenir y San-
nios/as, cules son las caractersticas bsicas que deben
OC-21/14 solicitada cionar la Tortura. tener los espacios de alojamiento de nios/as migrantes,
por la Repblica qu garantas deben regir en los procesos que involucran
Argentina, la Rep- a nios/as migrantes cuando se apliquen medidas restric-
blica Federativa de tivas de libertad, cul es el alcance de los contenido de los
Brasil, la Repblica instrumentos internacionales al adoptarse medidas que
del Paraguay y la impliquen el retorno de un nio/a a un pas determinado,
Repblica Oriental qu caractersticas deben tener los procedimientos cuan-
del Uruguay. do se identifica una solicitud de asilo o refugiado de un
nio/a migrante y cul es el alcance que debiera confe-
rirse a la proteccin del derecho de los nios/as a no ser
separados de sus padres en los casos que aplicara una
condicin de deportacin de los padres.