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The versatility, sustainability, durability, economy properties Foundry sand is high quality sand with uniform physical
of concrete has made concrete the worlds most widely used characteristics. It is a byproduct of ferrous and non ferrous
construction material. Due to the several advantages of the metal casting industries. Foundries can be recycled and
concrete over the past few decades the demand for the reused. When the sand can no longer be reused it is called as
concrete has been increasing drastically as the growth in foundry sand. Using the foundry sand as fine aggregates
infrastructure development is growing rapidly. instead of land filling. The volume of waste sand going to
landfill can be reduced.
Concrete is a composite material composed of cement,
aggregates, water and several admixtures. Here the river The raw sand is normally of a higher quality than that of the
sand is one of the most important ingredients in the natural sand or typical bank run used in fill construction
production of concrete which is used as fine aggregate. Due sites. The sands form the outer shape of the mold cavity.
to the massive production of concrete the massive use of These sands normally rely upon a small amount of bentonite
river sand has went up. Due to which there is environmental clay to act as the binder material. Chemical binders are also
hazards like increasing in the depth of the river bed, used to create sand cores. Depending upon the geometry of
lowering of the water table and the intrusion of salinity into the casting, sands cores are inserted into the mould cavity to
the rivers. form internal passages for the molten metal. Once the metal
has solidified, the casting is separated from the molding and
core sands in the shakeout process. In the casting process,
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International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 08 | Aug -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
molding sands are recycled and reused multiple times. Table -1: Physical properties of foundry sand
Eventually, the recycled sand degrades to the point that it
can no longer be reused in the casing process. At that point, Sl No Property Results Sl No
the old sand is displaced from the cycle as byproduct, new
1. Specific Gravity 2.45 1.
sand is introduced, and the old sand is displaced from the
cycle as byproduct, new sand is introduced, and the cycle 2. Water absorption, % 0.46 2.
begins again.
3. Bulk density, Kg/m3 2582 3.
2. OBJECTIVE 4. Fineness modulus % 3.9 4.
2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1761
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 08 | Aug -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1762
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 08 | Aug -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
The HYSD bars of 16mm and nominal steel of 10mm dia bars 8. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
are provided. The main bars in the tension zone and the
nominal steel in the compression zone is provided. The The beams are tested under loading frame of capacity 100-
special reinforcement is provided around the opening. The tonnes with the oil pressure of 200Kg/cm2. The beams are
bars verified to IS : 1786 ,Fe 500 grade bars have been used. tested under loading frame by two point loading in order to
obtain the pure bending. To obtain the strain in the beam the
strain gauges are fixed to the beams. The strain gauge is then
connected to the control panel. The Linear Variable
Differential Transformer (LVDT). The Linear Variable
Differential Transformer is used to determine the deflection
in the beam at the failure load. The LVDT is then connected
to the control panel that gives the deflection graph. The
setting is as shown in the fig below.
7. CASTING OF BEAMS
2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1763
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 08 | Aug -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
REFERENCES
9. CONCLUSION
2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1764
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 08 | Aug -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
BIOGRAPHIES
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