DESIGN REPORT

CONTENTS:-

Problem statement:-

Design Basis Report (DBR):-

Modelling Details:-

Analysis Results:-

Design Calculations:-

Design checks:-

Bill of quantities:-
Problem statement:-

PROJECT 1 -

Design of a Reinforced Concrete Building

A reinforced concrete building located in Chennai, with given elevation and

typical floor plan, needs to be designed. The soil report of the site gives the
following data:

(a) Gross safe bearing capacity = 200 kN/m2 at the depth of 4m;

(b) Unit weight = 20 kN/m3;

(c) Modulus of sub-grade reaction = 50,000 kN/m3;

(d) Maximum height of water table is at natural ground level.

Architectural Drawings:-

Plan

Elevation
 Design Basis Report (DBR)

IS code followed:-

DESIGN LOADS (OTHER THAN EARTHQUAKE LOADS)

IS Code Description

IS 875(Part 1): 1987 Dead Loads - Unit Weight of Building Material and Stored Material

IS 875(Part 2): 1987 Imposed Loads

IS 875(Part 3): 2015 Wind Loads

DESIGNS FOR EARTHQUAKE RESISTANCE

IS Code Description

IS 1893:2016 Criteria for earthquake resistance design of structures.

IS 4326: 2013 Earthquake Resistant Design and Construction of Buildings Code of Practice

IS 13920: 2016 Ductile Detailing of Reinforced Concrete Structures subjected to Seismic Forces -

Code of Practice.

DESIGN OF CONCRETE ELEMENTS

IS Code Description

IS 456: 2000 Plain and Reinforced Concrete - Code of practice

SP 16 Structural use of concrete. Design charts for singly reinforced beams, doubly

reinforced beams and columns.

SP 34 Handbook on Concrete Reinforcement & Detailing

IS 1904 Indian Standard Code of practice for design & construction foundations in Soil:

General Requirements
IS 2950 Indian Standard Code of Practice for Design and Construction of Raft Foundation

(Part 1)

DESIGN METHODOLOGY:

Limit state design method is adopted for the design of the structure. In this method, each member of the
structure is designed to satisfy Serviceability criteria, and ultimate collapse criteria. This ensures
satisfactory Behavior and low probability of failure.

Section 5 of I.S. 456-2000 has given clear guidelines for Limit state method of design. The same design is
adopted with the suggested Characteristic loads .

LOAD CASES :-

Self Weight
Name Type Auto Load
Multiplier

Dead Dead 1

Live Live 0

wall load Dead 0

Wx Wind 0 Indian IS 875:2015

Wy Wind 0 Indian IS 875:2015

Ex Seismic 0 IS1893 2016

Ey Seismic 0 IS1893 2016

Ex1 Seismic 0 IS1893 2016

Ey1 Seismic 0 IS1893 2016

FRAMING PLAN

Taking Architectural plan as base, the column positions are decided to provide proper structural frame
without disturbing the parking plan. Column orientation is taken to provide maximum rigidity along
spans and also proper Resistance to lateral (wind & earthquake) loads. Dual system has been adopted
where frame has been designed to resist gravity load as well as it has been ensured to resist 25% of the
shear developed in the frame due to the earthquake loading or wind loading.

Staircase has been designed assuming the span to be supported on the wall and has not been modelled in
the model , So as to simplify the structure . Shear walls have been modelled in the location as specified by
the architectural drawing .

Loads from slabs are transferred to the supporting beams and from beam to columns in each floor. Wind
loads and earthquake loads are considered at preliminary analysis and design. However wind loads are not
critical, hence earthquake design considered for final analysis and design as per the code provisions.

etabs Software is used for vertical load and horizontal load analysis considering as space frame; the
analysis and design results are noted and checked.

For the design of columns and beams results taken from software and the designs of columns and beams
decided accordingly.

The base reactions under each columns and shears wall were obtained from etab analysis. Based on those
reactions and position of columns, the type of foundation is decided. We adopted isolated, combined and
raft foundation. Typical isolated and combined design is done manually. Raft analysis and design was
carried out using SAFE software.

Software is used at each stage of design process. Apart from SAFE Design of footings , slabs are done as per
the standard methods given in IS 456-2000.

However for the safety and reliability, Manual method of design also adopted for the typical members to
cross check. Excel sheets are also used for cross checking on the designs of footings.

LOAD CALCULATIONS

Dead load :

Dead load of walls:

Clear Floor height = 4.05 m

Dead load of 0.23 m thk. Wall = 0.23 x 4.05 x 20 ( Unit Wt. of Masonry = 20 KN/m3 )

= 18.63 KN/m

Parapet wall load = 0.23 x 1.0 x 20 = 4.6 KN/m ( Height of Parapet = 1.0 m )

Floor finishing

Assuming = 1.50 KN/m2

Live loads:

For parking floors = 4.00 KN/m2

For Typical floors = 3.00 KN/m2

For Roof = 1.50 KN/m2 ( Access Allowed )

For staircase live load = 5.00 KN/m2

FRAME ANALYSIS:

ETABS SOFTWARE:
ETABS software is used for frame analysis. The software is based on stiffness matrix method. The software
can be used for 2D & 3D analysis.

INPUT/OUTPUT: As explained in load calculations live loads + dead loads as Vertical loads and earthquake
loads as horizontal loads used for the analysis.

INPUT DATA:

The building is considered to be located in seismic zone III and intended for Educational purpose. The

building is founded on medium strength soil through isolated ,Combined and Raft founadation under the

columns and Shear wall respectively . To show the effect of soil flexibility, the modulus of subgrade

reaction of soil is taken as 50000 KN/m2. The unity weight of concrete and masonry are taken as 25

KN/m2 and 20 KN/m2

In the seismic weight calculation, 50% of the floor live load is considered. (Since live load is more than

3.0 KN/m2) and no roof load is considered as per the code.

EATHQUAKE LOAD CALCULATIONS:

Zone-III , zone factor from table, Z =0.16

I = importance factor = 1.5

Response reduction factor R = 5.0 ,

0.075h 0.75
Ta =
Aw
Where,

[ { ( ) }]
Nw 2
Lwi
Aw = A wi 0.2+
i=1 h

For EY :-
Sa
AwxY = 1.6541 m2 , T ax = 0.7447 s , = 1.826
g

For EX :-
Sa
Awx = 0.7605 m2 , T ax = 1.0985 s ,
g
= 1.238

Horizontal force coefficient

Ah = ZISa/2Rg

Qi = VB.

Where,Qi = design lateral force at floor I

Wi = seismic weight of floor I,

Hi= height of floor I measured from base, and

N = number of storeys in the building is the number of levels at which the masses are located.

ANALYSIS

Two different analysis methods are suggested Using IS: 1893-2016 provisions

Corresponding to Seismic zone III and 5% damped Response Spectrum.

0.075h 0.75
1. Equivalent Static Analysis (Ta = )
Aw

2. Multi-modal Dynamic Analysis ( T calculated from Eigen value problem of Model)

Note: Method 2 is adopted in design to generate lateral load data and the Same used in etab analysi,

DESIGN SPECTRUM:

The design horizontal seismic coefficient Ah for a structure shall be determined by the following

expression.

Ah = ZISa / 2Rg

Where

Z = Zone factor given in table 2,(IS1893-2016) is for the maximum considered earthquake
(MCE) nad service life of structure in a zone. The factor 2 in the denominator of Z is used so as to reduce
the maximum considered earthquake (MCE) zone factor to the factor for design basis earthquake (DBE).

I = Importance factor, depending upon the functional use of the structures characterized by
hazardous consequence of its failure, post-earthquake functional needs, historical value, or economic
importance (table 6 of 1893-2016).

R = response reduction factor, depending on the perceived seismic damage performance of the
structure, characterized by the ratio (I/R) shall not be greater than 1.0(table 7 1893-2016). The values of R
for buildings are given in table 7.

Sa/g = Average response acceleration coefficient

Equivalent static lateral load analysis for the building can be performed for the regular type of buildings
where fundamental mode contributes more than 90% of the load but the building given is not a regular
kind of building and hence , dynamic analysis has to be performed and hence Response spectrum analysis
has been done in the analysis software to find the actual lateral load resisted by the structure due to
ontribution from the other modes.

LATERAL LOAD in case of Equivalent lateral load analysis has been found and compared with lateral load
due to dynamic analysis (Response spectrum analysis) and hence has been magnified if the value of the
lateral load has been found to be less in dynamic analysis compared to equivalent static analysis in a
proportion to get the same value as that of equivalent static analysis.
Ex :-

level Seismic weight(KN) Height (m) Wi hi2 Wi hi2 / wihi2 Lateral force (KN)
7 4125 29.85 3675467.8 0.206 314.00
0
6 8060 25.80 5365058.4 0.300 457.32
0
5 8060 21.75 3812883.7 0.213 324.70
5
4 8060 17.70 2525117.4 0.140 213.42
0
3 8060 13.65 1501759.3 0.085 129.60
5
2 8092 9.60 745758.72 0.042 64.03
1 8109 5.55 249777.50 0.014 21.30
0 0 0 0 0 0

LATERAL LOAD VARIATION

8

5
LEVEL OF FLOORS

0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500

LATERAL FORCE (KN)

Ey :-
 level Seismic weight(KN) Height (m) Wi hi2 Wi hi2 / wihi2 Lateral force (KN)
7 4125 29.85 3675467.8 0.206 465.63
0
6 8060 25.80 5365058.4 0.300 678.10
0
5 8060 21.75 3812883.7 0.213 481.45
5
4 8060 17.70 2525117.4 0.140 316.45
0
3 8060 13.65 1501759.3 0.085 192.13
5
2 8092 9.60 745758.72 0.042 94.93
1 8109 5.55 249777.50 0.014 31.64
0 0 0 0 0 0

LATERAL LOAD VARIATION

8

5
LEVEL OF FLOORS

0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

LATERAL LOAD ( KN )

Centre of rigidity and Centre of mass Location :-

Cumulative
Mass X Mass Y XCM YCM Cumulative Y XCCM YCCM XCR YCR
Diaphrag X
Story
m kg kg m m kg m m m m
kg

591137.5 591137.5
Story8 D2 17.4888 7.5884 591137.54 591137.54 17.4888 7.5884 11.2569 11.7165
4 4

950707.3 950707.3
Story7 D2 17.5213 7.8907 1541844.89 1541844.89 17.5088 7.7748 11.0662 12.0143
6 6
 Cumulative
Mass X Mass Y XCM YCM Cumulative Y XCCM YCCM XCR YCR
Diaphrag X
Story
m kg kg m m kg m m m m
kg

951051.4 951051.4
Story6 D2 17.5203 7.8898 2492896.3 2492896.3 17.5132 7.8187 10.8121 12.4189
1 1

946716.3 946716.3
Story5 D2 17.5203 7.8845 3439612.65 3439612.65 17.5152 7.8368 10.5327 12.9211
5 5

946716.3 946716.3
Story4 D2 17.5203 7.8845 4386328.99 4386328.99 17.5163 7.8471 10.3319 13.5145
5 5

973372.4 973372.4
Story3 D2 17.855 7.7187 5359701.47 5359701.47 17.5778 7.8238 10.376 14.1795
8 8

984749.6 984749.6
Story2 D2 18.1319 7.6483 6344451.08 6344451.08 17.6638 7.7965 11.1355 14.473
1 1

683005.5 683005.5
Story8 D1 30.9075 25.1186 683005.53 683005.53 30.9075 25.1186 30.3232 23.7518
3 3

1059965. 1059965.
Story7 D1 30.5092 24.6194 1742971.12 1742971.12 30.6653 24.815 30.308 23.6962
5 5

1060347. 1060347.
Story6 D1 30.5089 24.6194 2803318.99 2803318.99 30.6061 24.741 30.2929 23.6126
8 8

1055051. 1055051.
Story5 D1 30.511 24.6274 3858370.48 3858370.48 30.5801 24.7099 30.2669 23.505
4 4

1055051. 1055051.
Story4 D1 30.511 24.6274 4913421.98 4913421.98 30.5653 24.6922 30.2062 23.3539
4 4

1055051. 1055051.
Story3 D1 30.511 24.6274 5968473.47 5968473.47 30.5557 24.6808 30.065 23.1257
4 4

1055051. 1055051.
Story2 D1 30.511 24.6274 7023524.96 7023524.96 30.549 24.6727 29.7525 22.7441
4 4

WIND LOAD CALCULATIONS

Wind loads will be calculated in accordance with IS 875( Part 3.)-2015

Design wind speed Vz = Vb x K1 x K2 x K3

Vb Basic wind velocity for CHENNAI = 50 m/s

k1 Risk coefficient for a design life of 50 years = 1.00

K2 Terrain and height factor = 0.80 ( Terrain category 3 )

k3 Topography factor = 1.00 ( Plain ground , < 3)

k4 Importance factor for cyclonic region = 1.15 ( Industrial structures )

Vz = 50 x 1.00 x 1.00 x 0.80 x 1.15 = 46 m/s

Design wind pressure (Pz) = 0.6 x Vz2

Pz = 0.6 x 462 =1269.6 N/m2 = 1.27 kN/m2 ( approx.)

MODELLING:-

This part of the report deals with the modelling of building of proposed plan and elevation in building
design software which is etabs in this project.
It has been tried to keep the building model to be simple and avoid too much complexity . Simple
rectangular sections has been used for the modelling of frame members e.g. columns and beams and the
dimension of the member has been already been specified in the Design Basis Report (DBR).

3D rendered view:-

It helps in generating image or motion picture from virtual 3D models .

Basic Model information :-

Typical floor plan shows the location and orientation of structural members e.g. columns , beams, shear
walls, Staircase , slab and some additional feature ,if any with their respective assigned section properties
and labels, which is frame properties for frame members and so on.

The typical floor plan has been kept to be same throughout the building elevation eliminating ambiguity
in the model. The slab section has been kept to be same on the floors which is S200 with material
properties of concrete grade of M30 and modelled as shell-thin with auto meshing properties. The shear
wall also modelled using a slab section properties of SW230 with membrane properties with auto meshing
and different pier labels has been assigned to walls so as to enable it to be designed as a shear wall with
different reinforcement properties. Stairs has not been modelled in the proposed model for the analysis
and have been designed separately. Footings were modelled in SAFE as shell thick with automeshing
properties.

Plinth beam & column layout

 First floor beam & column layout

LOAD ASSIGNED :-

Finishing Data :- The load is same all over the floor and on all floors.
Live Load :- The live load value is assigned to the slabs based on the king of loading it is
subjected to.

Wall load :- The wall loads have been assigned to the respective frame on which it is
supposed to supported.
Diaphragm :-

A diaphragm is a structural element that transmits lateral loads to the vertical resisting elements of a
structure (such as shear walls or frames). As the building has a very large opening in the middle which
seems to affect the efficiency of rigid diaphragm properties of slab, hence two types of diaphragm D1 and
D2 have been assigned to the floors.
Analysis Results :-

The analysis results that has been obtained from the model analysis ,have been shown below which

includes the response of the structure under different kind of load combinations .
For the design of frames ,typical frame along Grid line 4 has been selected and forces along that frame

have been shown below.

For the design of a typical frame (grid line 4) along x-axis , analysis forces are being only shown for only

for that concerned frame.

Elevation of Frame along Grid line 4 :-

Axial Force Diagram ( AFD ):-

1. Dead Load :-
2. Live Load :-
3. Wall Load :-
4. Earthquake load ( Ex ) :-

5. DL + LL +WL :-
Shear force Diagram ( SFD ) :-
1. Dead Load :-

2. Live Load :-
3. Wall Load :-
4. Earthquake Load ( Ex ) :-
5. DL + LL + WL :-
Bending Moment Diagram ( BMD ) :-

1. Dead Load :-
2. Live Load :-
3. Wall Load :-
4. Earthquake Load ( Ex ) :-
5. DL +LL + WL :-
Storey Drift ( Ex ) :-
Storey displacement ( Ex ) :-

Storey Drift ( Ey ):-

Storey displacement ( Ey ):-

Lateral load to storeys ( Ex ):-

Lateral load to Storeys ( Ey ) :-

Lateral load to Storeys ( Wx ) :-

Lateral load to Storeys ( Wy ) :-

Storey Shear ( Ex ):-

Storey Shear ( Ey ):-

Storey Stiffness ( Ex ):-

Storey Stiffness ( Ey ):-

Modes and their Time period :-

 Period
Case Mode
sec

Modal 1 1.244

Modal 2 0.953

Modal 3 0.806

Modal 4 0.319

Modal 5 0.221

Modal 6 0.18

Modal 7 0.148

Modal 8 0.107

Modal 9 0.099

Modal 10 0.093

Modal 11 0.081

Modal 12 0.077

Modal 13 0.076

Modal 14 0.075

Modal 15 0.074

Modal 16 0.073

Modal 17 0.07

Modal 18 0.068

Modal 19 0.068

Modal 20 0.067

Modal 21 0.067

Modal 22 0.066

Modal 23 0.066

Modal 24 0.066

Modal 25 0.065

Modal 26 0.064

Modal 27 0.063

Modal 28 0.062

Modal 29 0.062

Modal 30 0.062

Modal 31 0.061

Modal 32 0.06

Modal 33 0.06

Modal 34 0.059

Modal 35 0.059
 Period
Case Mode
sec

Modal 36 0.058

Modal 37 0.058

Modal 38 0.058

Modal 39 0.056

Modal 40 0.056

Modal 41 0.056

Modal 42 0.055

Modal 43 0.054

Modal 44 0.053

Modal 45 0.053

Modal 46 0.052

Modal 47 0.052

Modal 48 0.05

Modal 49 0.046

Modal 50 0.045

Modal participating Mass Ratio :- 50 modes have been taken to capture the rotational participation
factor

Case Mode UX UY UZ Sum UX Sum UY Sum UZ

Modal 1 0.6723 0.0084 0 0.6723 0.0084 0

Modal 2 0.019 0.4916 0 0.6913 0.5 0

Modal 3 0.0036 0.174 0 0.6949 0.6739 0

Modal 4 0.1525 0.0023 0 0.8474 0.6763 0

Modal 5 0.006 0.1333 0 0.8534 0.8096 0

Modal 6 0.0003 0.0464 0 0.8538 0.856 0

Modal 7 0.0523 0.0014 0 0.9061 0.8574 0

Modal 8 0.0026 1.194E-05 0 0.9086 0.8574 0

Modal 9 0.002 0.0428 0 0.9106 0.9002 0

Modal 10 0.0199 7.945E-07 0 0.9306 0.9002 0

Modal 11 0.0012 0.0199 0 0.9318 0.9201 0

Modal 12 0 0.0052 0 0.9318 0.9253 0

Modal 13 1.119E-05 0.007 0 0.9318 0.9322 0

Modal 14 4.422E-06 0.0022 0 0.9318 0.9344 0

Modal 15 1.986E-06 0.0033 0 0.9318 0.9377 0

Modal 16 4.302E-05 0.0041 0 0.9318 0.9418 0

Modal 17 0.0207 7.441E-06 0 0.9526 0.9418 0

 Case Mode UX UY UZ Sum UX Sum UY Sum UZ

Modal 18 0.0018 0.0012 0 0.9544 0.943 0

Modal 19 0.0018 0.0004 0 0.9562 0.9433 0

Modal 20 0.0006 0.006 0 0.9568 0.9493 0

Modal 21 0.003 0.0011 0 0.9598 0.9504 0

Modal 22 0.005 1.86E-05 0 0.9647 0.9504 0

Modal 23 0.0012 0.0003 0 0.966 0.9507 0

Modal 24 0.009 0.0002 0 0.975 0.9509 0

Modal 25 9.224E-06 0.007 0 0.975 0.9579 0

Modal 26 4.707E-05 0.0006 0 0.9751 0.9585 0

Modal 27 0.0003 0.0042 0 0.9754 0.9627 0

Modal 28 0.0022 0.0044 0 0.9775 0.9671 0

Modal 29 0.0001 0.0023 0 0.9776 0.9694 0

Modal 30 0.0032 0.0015 0 0.9808 0.9708 0

Modal 31 0.0052 0.0008 0 0.9861 0.9717 0

Modal 32 0.0007 2.552E-05 0 0.9868 0.9717 0

Modal 33 0.0001 0.003 0 0.9869 0.9747 0

Modal 34 0.0004 0.0007 0 0.9872 0.9754 0

Modal 35 0.0001 8.691E-06 0 0.9873 0.9754 0

Modal 36 0.0001 2.999E-05 0 0.9874 0.9754 0

Modal 37 1.586E-05 0.0001 0 0.9874 0.9755 0

Modal 38 1.269E-05 0.0001 0 0.9875 0.9756 0

Modal 39 1.017E-05 0.0002 0 0.9875 0.9758 0

Modal 40 0.0009 1.726E-05 0 0.9883 0.9758 0

Modal 41 0.0003 1.369E-05 0 0.9886 0.9758 0

Modal 42 0 0.0001 0 0.9886 0.9759 0

Modal 43 0.0001 0.0015 0 0.9886 0.9774 0

Modal 44 7.578E-06 0.0003 0 0.9886 0.9777 0

Modal 45 0.0002 0.0023 0 0.9888 0.98 0

Modal 46 0.0006 0.0001 0 0.9894 0.9801 0

Modal 47 0.0003 0.0028 0 0.9897 0.9829 0

Modal 48 0.0001 3.02E-06 0 0.9898 0.9829 0

Modal 49 0.0015 0.0021 0 0.9913 0.985 0

Modal 50 0.0015 0.0004 0 0.9928 0.9854 0

Participation factor in rotational D.O.F. :-

Case Mode RX RY RZ Sum RX Sum RY Sum RZ

Modal 1 0.0036 0.2971 0.0144 0.0036 0.2971 0.0144

Modal 2 0.2388 0.0098 0.1647 0.2423 0.307 0.1791

Modal 3 0.0858 0.0018 0.4895 0.3281 0.3087 0.6685

Modal 4 0.0057 0.3176 0.0041 0.3339 0.6263 0.6726

Modal 5 0.2288 0.01 0.0434 0.5627 0.6363 0.716

Modal 6 0.0744 0.0005 0.1421 0.6371 0.6368 0.8581

Modal 7 0.0025 0.1015 0.0008 0.6396 0.7383 0.8589

Modal 8 2.833E-05 0.0079 0.002 0.6396 0.7462 0.8609

Modal 9 0.0885 0.004 0.0147 0.7281 0.7502 0.8755

Modal 10 2.718E-05 0.0516 0.0017 0.7281 0.8018 0.8773

Modal 11 0.0427 0.0026 0.0441 0.7709 0.8044 0.9214

Modal 12 0.0154 0 0.0026 0.7862 0.8044 0.924

Modal 13 0.0216 2.529E-05 2.043E-05 0.8078 0.8045 0.924

Modal 14 0.0067 1.168E-05 0.0003 0.8145 0.8045 0.9243

Modal 15 0.0102 4.147E-06 0.0002 0.8247 0.8045 0.9245

Modal 16 0.0116 0.0001 0.0072 0.8364 0.8046 0.9317

Modal 17 1.089E-05 0.0561 0.0021 0.8364 0.8607 0.9339

Modal 18 0.0035 0.0054 0.0011 0.8399 0.8661 0.935

Modal 19 0.0011 0.0054 0.0004 0.8409 0.8714 0.9354

Modal 20 0.0179 0.0018 0.0031 0.8588 0.8732 0.9385

Modal 21 0.0031 0.0091 0.001 0.8619 0.8823 0.9395

Modal 22 4.707E-05 0.0149 0.0083 0.862 0.8972 0.9478

Modal 23 0.0008 0.0037 0.0028 0.8628 0.9009 0.9506

Modal 24 0.0005 0.0262 0.0089 0.8633 0.9271 0.9595

Modal 25 0.0201 1.767E-05 0.0033 0.8833 0.9271 0.9627

Modal 26 0.0017 0.0001 0 0.885 0.9272 0.9627

Modal 27 0.0117 0.001 4.916E-06 0.8967 0.9282 0.9627

Modal 28 0.0118 0.0062 0.0002 0.9085 0.9344 0.963

Modal 29 0.0056 0.0001 0.004 0.9141 0.9345 0.9669

Modal 30 0.0035 0.0091 0.0004 0.9176 0.9435 0.9674

Modal 31 0.002 0.0157 0.0002 0.9196 0.9592 0.9676

Modal 32 0.0001 0.0021 9.436E-07 0.9196 0.9613 0.9676

Modal 33 0.0095 0.0002 0.0002 0.9291 0.9615 0.9678

Modal 34 0.0022 0.001 0.0008 0.9313 0.9625 0.9686

Modal 35 3.323E-05 0.0003 0.0003 0.9313 0.9628 0.969

Modal 36 0.0001 0.0003 2.16E-06 0.9314 0.9631 0.969

 Modal 37 0.0001 0.0001 7.714E-07 0.9316 0.9631 0.969

Modal 38 0.0002 3.941E-05 9.915E-06 0.9318 0.9632 0.969

Modal 39 0.0006 2.948E-05 1.304E-05 0.9323 0.9632 0.969

Modal 40 0.0001 0.0025 4.521E-05 0.9324 0.9657 0.969

Modal 41 3.697E-05 0.0008 0.0001 0.9324 0.9664 0.9691

Modal 42 0.0003 0 1.669E-05 0.9327 0.9664 0.9691

Modal 43 0.0042 0.0002 0.0024 0.9369 0.9666 0.9715

Modal 44 0.0009 1.516E-05 0.0008 0.9378 0.9666 0.9723

Modal 45 0.0064 0.0005 0.0049 0.9442 0.9671 0.9772

Modal 46 0.0001 0.0017 0.0005 0.9443 0.9688 0.9778

Modal 47 0.0066 0.0007 0.0047 0.951 0.9695 0.9825

Modal 48 8.335E-06 0.0003 4.404E-06 0.951 0.9697 0.9825

Modal 49 0.0053 0.0041 0.0017 0.9562 0.9738 0.9842

Modal 50 0.001 0.0045 0.0001 0.9573 0.9784 0.9843

Mode shapes :-

Primary mode shapes till mode 3 have been shown and have been found to have torsion in mode 2 and
mode 3 and building has been found to have torsion critical modes in other modes too. Hence , the
building has been designed for the torsion as per IS 1893-2016.

Mode 1:-

3D isometric view
 2D plan view

Mode 2:-

3D isometric view
 2D plan view

Mode 3 :-

3D isometric view
 2D plan view

Design forces in the shear walls at critical section:-

Shear wall Lw Grid location Axial Shear Bending

(m) force(KN) force(KN) moment(KNm)

SW1 6.28 A 341.14 864.93 7027.76

SW2 3.97 E 79.15 479.50 2548.96

SW3 5.77 E 255.23 869.92 6691.90

SW4 6.50 Z 524 1541.95 12317.5812

SW5 4.00 9 545 1087.65 9204.73

Lift Core1 3.97 N 3453.8 557.50 2975

2.73 7 830 971.90 3016.14
2.30 P 2952 431.40 1002.12
Lift Core 2 4.50 15 1310.50 1203.90 8618.35
2.02 S 2094 404.35 838.60
3.00 14 2092.27 878.90 3430.50
Slab classification :

Foundation plan:
Foundation deflection under DL and LL
Design
Design of buildings has been done manually and designed as per the relevant code e.g. IS 456-2000 for
concrete structures.Detailing has been done in accordance with the IS 13920-2016 and SP 34.

Design of Frames has been done manually and presented in the same form . Frames has been designed for
the gravity load ( DL + LL + WL ) and has been ensured and checked to resist 25% of the storey shear due
to seismic loading .A typical frame along X-axis has been taken and has been designed and detailed
following the recommendations of ductile detailing code. Various checks has been done to ensure that the
designed frame performs as desired as per the code.

Slabs has been designed as One way or Two way as per the boundary conditions and with the help of IS
456-2000 and detailed as per the relevant code. Since most of the slabs were having similar spans, 3 types
of slabs has been designed namely A,B and C. And all the slabs are put into one of these category.

Shear walls has been designed as a part of lateral load resisting system and has been ensured or designed
to take atleast 75% of the load effects due to seismic loading.It has been designed according to annex A , IS
13920-2016 with columes of frames as the boundary elements for the shear walls and has been found to
be efficient and economical .

Staircase have been designed as the longitudinally spanning slab and have been assumed to be supported
on landing and at side walls. No stringers beam have been provided. Design of the staircase has been done
as per the code IS 456-2000 and detailing as per SP 34 .

Design of isolated and combined footings has been done manually and presented in the same form.
Detailing of all the footings were carried out as per relevant codes and the cad drawings are presented.

FRAME DESIGN :-

1. COLUMN D-4 :-
 Size Of Column 400 mm x 500 mm

fck = 40 N/mm2 ( M40 grade of concrete ) , fy = 415 N/mm2 ( HYSD 415 ) Y

P = 3488.88 KN , M = 6 KNm

Let the Arrangement of reinforcement be on all the four sides.

e min x = ( L / 500 ) + ( Dx /30 )

500 mm
= ( 4050 / 500 ) + ( 400 / 30 ) = 21.43 mm
X
e min x / Dx = 21.43 / 400 = 0.053 > 0.05

e min y = ( L / 500 ) + ( Dy /30 )

400 mm
= ( 4050 /500 ) + (500/30) =24.70 mm

e min x / Dy = ( 24.70 / 500 ) = 0.494 < 0.05

M min x = P e min x = 3488.88 x 21.43 x0.001 = 74.76 KNm

BMD and SFD for a typical height of column

Assuming cover to be 40 mm and dia. of the bars to be 20 mm .

dx = 400 50 = 350 mm

d = 40 + ( 20 / 2 ) = 50 mm , d / D = 50/400 = 0.125

( P / fck . bdx ) = ( 3488.88 x 1000 / 40 x 500 x 350 ) = 0.50 ,

( M / fck bdx2 ) = ( 74.76 x 106 / 40 x 500 x 350 2 ) = 0.0305

Use chart 45 , SP 16

P / fck = 0. 50 , p = 0. 050 x 40 = 2 %

As = 0.02 x 400 x 500 = 4000 mm2

Use Table 95 , use 16 20 mm dia. bars

Now, As the axial load is reducing up the floors, let us find out what is load ,it can take with minimum
 reinforcement of 0.8% .

As = 0.008 x 400 x 500 = 1600 mm 2

p/fck = 0.8 / 40 = 0.02 , ( M / f ck bdx2 ) = 0.0305

Use chart 45 ,

( P / fck . bdx ) = 0.35 , P = 0.35 X 40 X 500 X 360 X 0.001 = 2520 KN

Hence , 8 20 mm bars can be curtailed at level 2 onwards .

Transverse reinforcement :- General reinforcement requirement

Dia .of tie = greater than maximum of ( dia of longitudinal bar/4 , 6 mm )

= greater than 6 mm

Let the diameter of Tie = 8 mm

Spacing = minimum of ( Least lateral dimension , 16 long , 300 mm )

= minimum of ( 400 , 16 x 20 = 320 , 300 )

= 300 mm

Ductile reinforcement requirement :-

Special confining reinforcement :-

Length from the face of beam- column joint upto which special confining reinforcement has to be provided

Lo = greater than maximum of ( larger dimension of member , clear span /6 , 450 mm )

= greater than maximum of ( 500 , 4050/6 = 675 mm , 450 mm )

= 700 mm ( assumed )

Spacing of reinforcement = less than minimum of ( minimum lateral dimension / 4 , 6 long , 100 mm )

= less than minimum of ( 400 /4 = 100 mm , 6 x 20 = 120 mm , 100 mm )

= 100 mm

At the other location provide 8 mm dia stirrups @ 200 mm c/c , designed for the shear in the column.

In a similar manner , all the column has been designed and detailed .

COLUMN LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENT

1ST Storey 2ND Storey 3th storey 4th storey 5th storey 6th storey 7th storey
A4 8 -20 mm same same same same same same
dia bars
D4 , R4 , V4 16 -20 mm same 8-20 mm same same same same
dia bars dia bars

F4 16 -20mm same same same same same same

Dia bars

H4 20-25mm same same same same same same

Dia bars

K4 16-25mm Same same same same same same

Dia bars

O4 20-25mm same same same same same same

Dia bars

Beam Design :-

BEAM B1 :-

Size Of Beam 400 mm x 700 mm and Length = 8.830 m

fck = 30 N/mm2 ( M40 grade of concrete ) , fy = 415 N/mm2 ( HYSD 415 )

BMD and SFD :-

Moment at mid section = 138 KNm

M right end = 204 KNm , V right end = 122 KN

M left end = 160 KNm , V left end = 162 KN

Left inflection point = 1.880 m ( from left end )

Right inflection point = 1.600 m ( from right end )

 Assume cover = 30 mm and dia of bar = 20 mm

Effective depth , d = 700 30 -10 = 660 mm

Now , from Table 4 SP 16,

Mu / bd2 = 138 x 10 6 / ( 400 x 6602 ) = 0.792 , pt = 0.2266 ( by linear interpolation )

Ast = 0.2266 x 400 x 660 x 0.01 = 598.22 mm 2 , provide 2- 20 mm dia bars

Similarly , for left end

Mu / bd2 = 160 x 10 6 / ( 400 x 6602 ) = 0.918 , pt = 0.2644 ( by linear interpolation )

Ast = 0.2644 x 400 x 660 x 0.01 = 698 mm 2 , provide 3 20 mm dia bars

And right end ,

Mu / bd2 = 204 x 10 6 / ( 400 x 6602 ) = 1.178 , pt = 0.343 ( by linear interpolation )

Ast = 0.343 x 400 x 660 x 0.01 = 905.5 mm2 , provide 4-20 mm dia bars

Curtailment of bottom steel bars has not been done but the top end bars has been curtailed to two bars after the
curtailment at 660 mm ( d or 12 ) after the inflection point .

pt,provided = 0.237% is less than pt,lim = 1.437 % ( Table C , SP 16 )

Hence, it will be safe in flexure .

Deflection check :-

pt = 0.237 and fs = 0.58 fy x ( Ast ,required / Ast, provided ) = 0.58 x 415 x ( 598.22 / 628 ) = 229.30 N/mm2

from Fig 4 and fig 5 ,

Kt = 1.70

And for.,

pc = 0.237 , Kc = 1.07

( l/d ) max = 26 x 1.70 x 1.07 = 47.30 > ( l/d ) provided = (8830 / 660 ) = 13.378

Development Length requirement :-

For M30 grade of concrete and fy = 415 N / mm2

Ld = 37.61 = 37.61 x 20 = 752.2 mm

Bar size limitation at support :-

(1.3(MuR / Vu ) + Lo must exceed the development length Ld .

MuR = 160 KNm for pc = 0.343

1.3 ( 160 x 106 / 162 x 103 ) + Lo = 1284 + Lo > Ld = 752.20 mm

Hence ,the bar diameter of 20 mm is acceptable .

DESIGN FOR SHEAR :-

Nominal shear stress = Vu / bd

= 162000/ ( 400 x 660 ) = 0.613 N/mm 2 ( At the left end )

= 122000/( 400 x 660 ) = 0.462 N/mm 2 (At the right end )

Which is less than tc,max = 2.2 N/mm2 ( for M30 grade concrete ) ( Table 24 , IS 456 -2000 )

Hence, size of the section is adequate .

c for M30 Grade and pt = 0.237

c = 0.2261 N/mm2 ( Table 23 , IS 456 2000 )

Vuc = 0.2261x 400 x 660 x 0.001 = 59.69 KN

Vus = 162 59. 69 = 102 .31 KN

Use 8 mm dia stirrups , Asv = 2 x 50. 3 = 100.60 mm2 ,

Vus = 0.87 fy Asv ( d / Sv )

Sv = 234 mm

Spacing based on minimum steel requirement = 227 mm ( Sv = Asv x0.87fy /0.4 b )

Special confining reinforcement :-

Lo = greater than maximum of ( larger dimension of member , clear span /6 , 450 mm )

= greater than maximum of ( 700 , 8830/6 = 1470 mm , 450 mm )

= 1500 mm ( assumed )

Spacing of reinforcement = less than minimum of ( minimum lateral dimension / 4 , 6 long , 100 mm )

= less than minimum of ( 400 /4 = 100 mm , 6 x 20 = 120 mm , 100 mm )

= 100 mm

The confining reinforcement will be placed on both sides of beam .

Provide 8mm stirrups @ 100 mm in the confining zone for 1.5 m from both the ends

Provide 8mm stirrups @ 220 mm in the other zones which satisfies the mininum reinforcement criteria.

In a similar manner ,all the beam has been designed and detailed and have been grouped as per the similarity in the
detailing.

Cut-off points have been taken from left end and cut off bars has been shown in the brackets.

BEAM Longitudinal reinforcement Cut-off points

Left end mid section right end Left end mid section right end
B1 ground 3-20mm dia 2-20 mm dia 4-20mm dia 2.5 m ( 1 ) NA 6.2 m ( 2 )
 floor

B1- all other 3-20mm dia 2-20 mm dia 3-20mm dia 2.5 m ( 1 ) NA 6.2 m ( 1 )
floors
B 284 all 3 20 mm dia 2-20 mm dia 3 20 mm dia 2.5 m ( 1 ) NA 3.0 m ( 1)
floors
B4 all floors 3 20 mm dia 2-20 mm dia 3 20 mm dia 1.7 m (1 ) NA 2.6 m ( 1)

B293- all 3 20 mm dia 2-20 mm dia 3 20 mm dia 1.7 m (1 ) NA 2.6 m ( 1)

floors
B300 all 3 20 mm dia 2-20 mm dia 3 20 mm dia 1.7 m (1 ) NA 2.6 m ( 1)
floors
B 455 all 3 20 mm dia 2-20 mm dia 3 20 mm dia NA NA NA
floors
B314 all 3 20 mm dia 2-20 mm dia 3 20 mm dia 1.8 m ( 1 ) NA 4m(1)
floors

Transverse reinforcement found above has been provided in all the beams and have been found to be safe and as per
the code requirement but more conservative and can be made more economical .

Transverse reinforcement

Confining zone other

8 mm @100mm 8 mm @220mm
c/c ( 1.5 m both sides ) c/c

8 mm @100mm 8 mm @220mm
c/c ( 1.5 m both sides ) c/c

Summary of shear walls design :-

Shear wall Lw Grid Axial Shear Limiting Limiting axial
(m) location stress(N/mm stress(N/mm2) shear stress stress(for
2) (cmax for M30) M40)
(0.2*fck)
SW1 6.28 A 0.2362 0.598 3.5 8
SW2 3.97 E 0.0866 0.525 3.5 8
SW3 5.77 E 0.1923 0.655 3.5 8
SW4 6.50 Z 0.35 1.031 3.5 8
SW5 4.00 9 0.592 1.18 3.5 8
Lift Core1 3.97 N 3.78 0.610 3.5 8
2.73 7 1.32 1.5478 3.5 8
2.30 P 5.58 0.815 3.5 8
Lift Core 2 4.50 15 1.266 1.163 3.5 8
2.02 S 4.50 0.87 3.5 8
3.00 14 3.03 1.27 3.5 8

Shear wall Vertical reinforcement Horizontal BOUNDARY ELEMENT

REINFORCEMENT
reinforcement
SW1 12mm bar @ 300mm c/c 12mm bar @ 300mm c/c 4-12mm ,4-20mm
SW2 12mm bar @ 300mm c/c 12mm bar @ 300mm c/c 6-12mm,2-20mm
SW3 12mm bar @ 300mm c/c 12mm bar @ 300mm c/c 4-12mm ,4-20mm
SW4 12mm bar @ 300mm c/c 12mm bar @ 300mm c/c 6-12mm,2-20mm
SW5 12mm bar @ 300mm c/c 12mm bar @ 300mm c/c 8-20mm
Lift Core1 12mm bar @ 300mm c/c 12mm bar @ 300mm c/c 6-12mm,2-20mm
12mm bar @ 300mm c/c 12mm bar @ 200mm c/c 8-12mm

12mm bar @ 300mm c/c 12mm bar @ 300mm c/c 6-12mm,2-20mm

Lift Core 2 12mm bar @ 300mm c/c 12mm bar @ 300mm c/c 6-12mm,2-20mm

12mm bar @ 300mm c/c 12mm bar @ 300mm c/c 8-12mm

12mm bar @ 300mm c/c 12mm bar @ 150mm c/c 6-12mm,2-20mm

.
STRAIRCASE LAYOUT :-
 1.

LEVEL = + 6.230 m
LEVEL = + 2.804 m

5.34 m

1.535
1.62
LEVEL = + 4.050 m
LEVEL = + 4.984 m

4.27 m
TREAD = 300 mm

RISER = 155.77 mm

FIRE ESCAPE STAIRCASE

Design data :-

Live load (including finish load) = 5 KN/m2 ( deduction in Live load for design as per code)

Thickness of waist slab = 200 mm

Grade of concrete = M30

Grade of steel = HYSD 415

2.
 LEVEL= + 1.975 m
DOWN

3230

LEVEL= + 6.075 m

1500 LEVEL= + 4.050 m

TREAD = 300 mm

RISER = 155.77 mm

WIDTH = 1500 mm

DOG LEGGED STAIRCASE

Design data :-

Live load (including finish load) = 5 KN/m2

Thickness of waist slab = 200 mm

Grade of concrete = M30

Grade of steel = HYSD 415

Bill of Quantities :-
Structural Volume of Area of floor Equivalent Quantity of
member Concrete (m2) depth of conc.(kg/m2)
(m3) conc.
(m)
Column 474.018 0.390

Beam 628.940 0.517

Slab 243.0374 0.200

1215.187
Shear wall 314.720 0.259 4920

Staircase 21.482 0.018

footing 809.518 0.666