TLE 10

First Periodical Examination

A. Identification: Choose from the given words or phrases in the box, then write your answers on the space
provided before the number.

Composting Raw materials Decomposing Organic matter Porous

_______________1. It is the natural process of rotting or decomposition of organic matter by micro-

organisms under controlled condition.
_______________2. It is the term after having undergone composting.
_______________3. It is a technique that turns organic materials into a rich soil conditioner that we can use in
our garden.
_______________4. The material that remains from the decay process
_______________5. Soil that is easier to dig.

B. Write True if the statement is CORRECT or False when the statement is INCORRECT about the advantages of
Composting
__________6. Volume reduction of waste
__________7. Composting temperature kill pathogen, weed seeds and seeds.
__________8. Final weight of compost is very less
__________9. Matured compost comes into equilibrium with the soil
__________10. Excellent soil conditioner
__________11. During composting number of wastes from several sources are blended together
__________12. Improves manure handling
__________13. Reduces the risk of pollution
__________14. Pathogen reduction
__________15. Additional revenues
__________16. Suppress plant diseases and pests
__________17. Reduce or eliminate the need for chemical fertilizers
__________18. Promote higher yields of agricultural crops
__________19. Capture and destroy 99.6 percent of industrial volatile organic chemicals(VOCs) in
contaminated air.
__________20. Composting will not provide cost savings of at least 50 percent over conventional soil, water
and air pollution remediation technologies, where applicable.

C. Enumerate at least 5 reasons why agricultural use of composts remains low.

21. The product is weighty and bulky making it expensive to transport
22. The nutrient composition of compost is highly variable compared to chemical fertilizers
23. The Agricultural users might have concerns regarding potential levels of heavy metals and other possible
contaminants
24. The long term and or heavy application of composts to agricultural soils has been found to result in salt,
nutrient or heavy metal accumulation and may adversely affect plant growth.
25. The potential for contamination becomes an important issue when compost is used on food crops resulting
to contamination

D. Essay. Explain briefly and correctly

1. What are the benefits of using composts to Agriculture?
- Using compost in agriculture has been considered as a valuable soil amendments. Using composts is an
effective way of how to increase healthy plant production and help save money, reduce the use of chemical
fertilizers and conserve natural resources.

2. How do we improve the physical properties of soils?

- In order to improve the physical properties of the soil, we need to reduce the soil bulk density and improves
the soil structure directly by loosening heavy soils with organic matter and by way of aggregate-stabilizing
humus contained in composts by incorporating composts into compacted soils which improves root
penetration We need also to protect the surface soil from water and wind erosion by reducing the soil-
dispersion action of beating raindrops.
3. How do we enhance the chemical properties of the Soil?
- In order to enhance the chemical properties of the soil, we need to provide active agents such as growth
substance which may beneficial mainly to germinating plants. We see to it that enables the soil to hold more
plant nutrients and increase the cation exchange capacity or CEC and anion exchange capacity or AEC. We
need to build up nutrients in the soil. by adding organic matter and humus to regenerate poor soils.

4. How do we improve the biological properties of Soil?

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5. Explain the economic and social benefits of composting?

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Prepared by:

Teacher JAM