Deck machinery is also called ship deckmachinery.

it is a kind of mechanical machinery installed

on the ships deck.

Deck machinery is also a necessary mechanicalequipment or device

for ship docking, loading

and unloading cargo, passengers getting on

and off.

Ship deck machinery mainly includes anchorwindlass, winch, fair-lead,

mooring bollard, liftboat davit, deck fittings, etc.

The introduction of winches

The winches are the small light weight lifting equipment to use the
wire rope or chain rounding rolls or to upgrade or drag the heavy
objects.

The winches have the following features: versatile, compact structure,

small size, and light weight, have a significant, convenient to use the
transfer. And they are widely used in construction, water conservancy,
forestry, mines, docks and other materials, also can make modern
electronically controlled automatic operation line equipment.

The winches' capacities range from 0.5 tons to 350 tons, and also
divided into two kinds of fast and slow. The winches which are higher
than for the large tonnage of 20 tons can be used alone, but also as a
component part of crane, road building and mine hoist and other
machinery. Because of simple rope around a large, mobile home
convenient the winch are widely used. The main technical in dictators
are rated winches load, to support the load, speed rope, rope capacity
and so on.

In accordance with the power, the winches can be divided into hand
winches, electric winches, and hydraulic. From the use of the
classification can be divided into construction and boat winches
In accordance with the functions, the winched can be divided into:
marine winches, project winches, mining winches and cable.

In accordance with the reel roll, there are single and double rolls
winches

Sewage treatment is the process of removing contaminants from wastewater,

primarily from household sewage. It includes physical, chemical, and biological
processes to remove these contaminants and produce environmentally safer
treated wastewater (or treated effluent). A by-product of sewage treatment is
usually a semi-solid waste or slurry, called sewage sludge, that has to undergo
further treatmentbefore being suitable for disposal or land application.
Sewage treatment may also be referred to as wastewater treatment, although the
latter is a broader term which can also be applied to purely industrial wastewater.
For most cities, the sewer system will also carry a proportion of industrial
effluent to the sewage treatment plant which has usually received pretreatment at
the factories themselves to reduce the pollutant load. If the sewer system is
a combined sewerthen it will also carry urban runoff (stormwater) to the sewage
treatment plant. Sewage water can travel towards treatment plants via piping and
in a flow aided by gravity and pumps. The first part of filtration of sewage
typically includes a bar screen to filter solids and large objects which are then
collected in dumpsters and disposed of in landfills. Fat and grease is also
removed before the primary treatment of sewage.

Pump Principle
All pumps use basic forces of nature to move a liquid. As the moving pump part
(impeller, vane, piston diaphragm,etc.) begins to move, air is pushed out of the
way. The movement of air creates a partial vacuum (low pressure) which can be
filled up by more air, or in the case of water pumps, water.

Pumps are in general classified as Centrifugal Pumps (or Roto-dynamic pumps) and Positive
Displacement Pumps.

Centrifugal Pumps (Roto-dynamic pumps)

The centrifugal or roto-dynamic pump produce a head and a flow by increasing the velocity of
the liquid through the machine with the help of the rotating vane impeller. Centrifugal pumps
include radial, axial and mixed flow units.

Centrifugal pumps can be classified further as

end suction pumps

in-line pumps
double suction pumps
vertical multistage pumps
horizontal multistage pumps
submersible pumps
self-priming pumps
axial-flow pumps
regenerative pumps

Positive Displacement Pumps

A positive displacement pump operates by alternating filling a cavity and then displacing a given
volume of liquid. A positive displacement pump delivers a constant volume of liquid for each
cycle independent of discharge pressure or head.

The positive displacement pump can be classified as:

Reciprocating pumps - piston, plunger and diaphragm

Power pumps
Steam pumps
Rotary pumps - gear, lobe, screw, vane, regenerative (peripheral) and progressive cavity

Pump operation basics Best Efficiency Point (BEP), the flow rate where a pump
has its highest efficiency, is a key factor to assess whether a pump is being oper
ated properly. Few pumps operate at their exact BEP all of the time, because pro
cess variables in a production environment are not 100 percent constant. But a p
ump that is properly sized for its application will maintain a flow near peak effici
ency. Maintaining a flow between 80 percent and 110 percent of BEP is a good ra
nge to maximize efficiency and minimize the risk of excessive wear or pump fail
ure. Unfortunately, many pumps do not achieve this level of efficiency. Consider
a study by the Finnish Technical Research Center of nearly 1,700 pumps at 20 pr
ocess plants across multiple industries. The study determined that average pum
ping efficiency is below 40 percent, and more than 10 percent of pumps were run
ning below 10percent efficiency.