OUM BUSINESS SCHOOL

CBCT2203
BASIC CONCEPTS OF IT
SEPTEMBER 2016

NO. MATRIKULASI :

NO. KAD PENGENALAN :

NO. TELEFON :

E-MEL :

PUSAT PEMBELAJARAN : LEARNING CENTER

1.0 Introduction

Internet of Things (IOT), a term that recently began bustling encountered but there are still many
who do not understand the meaning of this term. Actually, up to now there is no definition or
standard definition of the Internet of Things, however briefly arguably the Internet of Things is
where the objects around us can communicate between each other through a network such as the
internet. The Internet of Things initial idea was first raised by Kevin Ashton in 1999 in one
presentation. Today, many large companies began to explore the Internet of Things just call
Intel, Microsoft, Oracle, and many others.

Many are predicting that the influence of the Internet of Things is "the next big thing" in the
world of information technology, it is because the IOT offers a lot of potential that can be
tapped. A simple example of the benefits and implementation of Internet of Things, for example
is a refrigerator that can notify the owner via SMS or email about food and drink anything that is
depleted and must be stocked again. For developers, now many companies that provide a variety
of programs to assist developers in developing products based on the IOT. One that provides this
program is the Intel Developer Program IOT.

Speaking of the Internet of Thing is commonly called the IOT is endless because the Internet of
Things has no fixed definition always some discussion of whether it comes from one of our daily
life to objects that DAPT used as a device to facilitate our activities. But we can determine
whether a device is part of the IOT or not with the following questions: Does the product vendor
can work with products from other vendors? Can a door lock from vendor A to communicate
with light switches from vendor B, and what if a user wants to enter the thermostat to be part of
the communication?

So the Internet of Thing (IOT) is a concept where an object that has the ability to transfer data
over a network without requiring human interaction to human or human to a computer. IOT has
evolved from the convergence of wireless technology, micro-electromechanical systems
(MEMS), and the Internet.

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A Things in the Internet of Things can be defined as a subject for example people with
implantable cardiac monitor, an animal farm with transponder biochip, a car that has been
equipped with a built-in sensor to warn drivers when tire pressure is low. So far, the IOT is most
closely associated with the communication of machine-to-machine (M2M) in manufacturing and
electricity, perminyakkan, and gas. Products built with M2M communication skills are often
called smart systems or "smart". As an example of smart wiring, smart meters, smart grid sensor.

Research on IOT is still in the stage of development. Therefore, there is no definition of the
Internet of Things. Here are some alternative definitions put forth to understand the Internet of
Things (IOT). According to Ashton in 2009 the initial definition of IOT is the Internet of Things
has the potential to change the world as ever conducted by the Internet, maybe even better. The
statement was taken from the article as follows:

"Today computers and humans, is almost entirely dependent on the Internet for any information
which all consist of about 50 petabytes (a petabyte is 1,024 terabytes) of data available on the
Internet and were first conceived and created by humans. From the start of magnetic, pressing
record button, take digital pictures or adequate bar code.

Conventional Diagram of Internet leaving the router becomes the most important part of it all.
The problem is people have the time, attention and limited accuracy. They all mean not very
good at capturing various data about it in the real world.In terms of physical and so is our
environment. The idea and information so important, but many more things is more important.
But information technology is currently very dependent on data derived from the people so that
the computers we know more about all the ideas of these things.

According Casagras (Coordinator and support action for global RFID-related activities and
standardization) defines IOT as a global network infrastructure, which connects physical objects
and virtual through the exploitation of data capture and communication skills. The infrastructure
consists of a network of existing and development of the following Internet network. All this will
offer an object identification, sensor and connection capabilities as the basis for the development
of services and applications independent co-operative. He is also characterized by an
autonomous rate of high data capture, event transfer, network connectivity and interoperability.

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2.0 Characteristics of IoT

Creating Internet of Things products can place businesses and their product teams in an
uncomfortable place by pushing them outside of their comfort zone. In the third installment of
our Internet of Things series, we will explore six design characteristics to help guide IoT product
teams as they set forth into uncharted territory. The Internet of Things is a double-edged sword
for designers of all stripes because things, or endpoints, can take on a myriad of form factors.
The variability is a blessing and curse. With a field of wide open choices, how do you decide
where to focus? While working on these projects, six key characteristics surfaced that make
products inherently IoT. Each characteristic encompasses of a set of capabilities that can be
dialed up or down depending on tradeoffs and decisions made in your design.

Intelligence
Together algorithms and compute (i.e. software & hardware) provide the intelligent spark that
makes a product experience smart. Consider Misfit Shine, a fitness tracker, compared to Nests
intelligent thermostat. The Shine experience distributes compute tasks between a smartphone and
the cloud. The Nest thermostat has more compute horsepower for the AI that make them smart.

Connectivity
Connectivity in the IoT is more than slapping on a WiFi module and calling it a day.
Connectivity enables network accessibility and compatibility. Accessibility is getting on a
network while compatibility provides the common ability to consume and produce data. If this
sounds familiar, thats because it is Metcalfes Law and it rings true for IoT.

Sensing
We tend to take for granted our senses and ability to understand the physical world and people
around us. Sensing technologies provide us with the means to create experiences that reflect a
true awareness of the physical world and the people in it. This is simply the analog input from
the physical world, but it can provide rich understanding of our complex world.

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Expressing
Expressing enables interactivity with people and the physical world. Whether it is a smart home
or a farm with smart agriculture technology, expressing provides us with a means to create
products that interact intelligently with the real world. This means more than just rendering
beautiful UIs to a screen. Expressing allows us to output into the real world and directly interact
with people and the environment.

Energy
Without energy we cant bring our creations to life. The problem is we cant create billions of
things that all run on batteries. Energy harvesting, power efficiency, and charging infrastructure
are necessary parts a power intelligent ecosystem that we must design. Today, it is woefully
inadequate and lacks the focus of many product teams.

Safety
As we gain efficiencies, novel experiences, and other benefits from the IoT, we must not forget
about safety. As both the creators and recipients of the IoT, we must design for safety. This
includes the safety of our personal data and the safety of our physical well-being. Securing the
endpoints, the networks, and the data moving across all of it means creating a security paradigm
that will scale.

By framing IoT design with these characteristics, multi-discipline teams can work across their
domains to make tradeoffs in interaction design, software architectures, and business models.
Naturally a single product or service may choose to dial up or dial down these characteristics
depending on the nature of user experience and constraints imposed by environmental and
business factors.

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3.0 Characteristics of IoT in University Environment

We're already seeing some colleges and universities experiment with IoT approaches, such as
adopting fitness devices to record student's health indicators or tracking temperature readings in
lab equipment and sending notifications when certain conditions are met. But not all IoT
solutions are going to come from extra devices, or "things." Many students and administrators
are already carrying, every day, very powerful IoT devices in the form of mobile devices. In the
next three years, we'll be seeing more campuses taking advantage of the current context in which
students, administrators, and instructors operate.

For example, by connecting a database of students' submitted work, students' schedules, and the
time of day, the institution can send reminders and alerts when they are most effective, and each
message can be personally tailored to the student. In addition, by employing some elements of
gamification, the institution can reward students digitally for engaging and for completing tasks
on time. To truly innovate, campuses need to combine information they gather from devices and
from other sources in order to analyze and predict students' academic progress and identify
problem areas and risk of attrition.

Internet of Things or IOT is a great concept this time is considered able to revolutionize all
industries and communities. Even in the Internet of Things education has become one of the
technologies that are currently considered by the teachers as well as members of the government
related to education to use in order to innovate and improve learning.

With this Internet, learning become more dynamic by integrating traditional methods with new
methods (IOT). In addition, the impact of learning with this IOT also considered able to make
class as well as more lively discussion among the students. Even with IOT students will also be
able to explore other learning methods. For example, students can learn at home by viewing
video, are involved in the project and then discuss the results of learning outside the classroom
when she returned to school.

In addition, modern technology and IOT are not limited to how students learn but also can
improve the security of the IOT itself as well as broader access to information. It also can track

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the main power source. Effect of IOT also has the effect even further for students. In higher
education such as universities, as students may now have been bored with books, most of them
prefer to technologies such as smartphones, tablets, laptops and other gadjet. With this IOT
access to information that is easily accessible from anywhere and anytime, will make students
able to learn everything new. It will even encourage students to learn more again.

In addition, IOT also provide a more efficient job for teachers and students. Examples are, the
teacher is able to optimize the tasks that must be done by the student. By using the cloud,
lecturers also able to see the results and statistics of each student with information more quickly
by collecting data learning outcomes. In addition, IOT also able to reduce the operational costs
of the school, one example of a successful school reduce costs is School in New Richmonde,
Tipp City, Ohio, United States. In the report, they were able to reduce approximately
USD128,000 annually using a web-based learning system to centrally control all mechanical
equipment at the school.

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4.0 Role of IoT

The Internet of Things can enable the next wave of life-enhancing services across several
fundamental sectors of the economy. As the Internet of Things evolves, the proliferation of smart
connected devices supported by mobile networks, providing pervasive and seamless
connectivity, will unlock opportunities to provide life-enhancing services for consumers while
boosting productivity for enterprises.

For consumers, connectivity provided by the IoT could enhance their quality of life in multiple
ways, such as, but not limited to, energy efficiency and security at home and in the city. In the
home, the integration of connected smart devices and cloud-based services will help address the
pressing issue of energy efficiency and security. Connected smart devices will enable a
reduction in utility bills and outages, while also improving home security via remote monitoring.
In cities, the development of smart grids, data analytics and autonomous vehicles will provide
an intelligent platform to deliver innovations in energy management, traffic management and
security, sharing the benefits of this technology throughout society.

The IoT will also help widen access and improve quality of education and health. As demand for
healthcare doubles8, connected smart devices will help address this challenge by supporting a
range of e-health services that improve access and enable monitoring of chronic diseases and
age-related conditions in the home. In doing so, they will improve the quality of care and quality
of life for patients, while reducing the strain on the wider healthcare system.

In education, mobile-enabled solutions will tailor the learning process to each students needs,
improving overall proficiency levels, while linking virtual and physical classrooms to make
learning more convenient and accessible. Mobile education solutions have already been shown to
improve learners proficiency rates and reduce dropout rates, and have the potential to enable,
by 2017, the education of up to 180 million additional students in developing countries who will
be able to stay in school due to mEducation.

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For enterprises, the ability of IoT to combine innovations in data analytics, 3D printing and
sensors, will improve productivity by enabling a step change in the quality of decision making,
efficiency of production, personalisation of retail and productivity of food production.

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5.0 Conclusion

In a broader definition, The Internet of Things (IOT) is a concept that describes the future of
computing in which physical objects of everyday will be connected to the Internet and be able to
identify themselves to other devices. This term is closely identified with RFID as a method of
communication, but it can also include other sensor technologies, wireless technology or a QR
code. IOT also can describe the objects digitally and not only connected on one of the course but
to a cloud database that enables can be accessed by other users who have authority.

Internet of Things represents the evolution of a variety of devices and applications that are
connected to the internet, uniting computing capabilities to be more sophisticated and uses data
analysis to produce useful information. To get rich and rewarding, various devices will be
connected to the internet and the data center will process and analyze a variety of data collected.
Intel has a unique role in the scheme, in which we have a variety of products that excel in the
technology industry ranging from different types of devices to the system / cloud, accelerate the
deployment of solutions IOT from upstream to downstream, as well as providing security
solutions with McAfee and software Wind River and a global ecosystem of developers.

IOT implementation will have a positive impact on the development of various aspects such as
urban planning, manufacturing, retail, and many more. One of the successful implementation of
IOT which aids the development of a city represented by a system of Dublin, capital of Ireland.
The city's first time using Intel technologies that build environmental detection system for
measuring water quality and climate change. With the help of Intel processors QuarkTM,
Dublin has transformed its infrastructure smarter with various sensors throughout the city are
connected, thus speeding up data collection and dissemination of information to the relevant
parties, including all its citizens.

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